2025年全国英语等级考试（PETS）二级试卷：词汇记忆与语法巩固训练试题

2025年全国英语等级考试（PETS）二级试卷：词汇记忆与语法巩固训练试题考试时间：______分钟总分：______分姓名：______一、词汇辨析要求：下面每道题中，每句有四个划线部分，其中只有一个划线部分的词或短语使用恰当，请根据上下文选出恰当的选项。1.Theoldladysatbythewindow,______hereyesonthestreetbelow.A.fasteningB.fastenedC.fastensD.tofasten2.I'mnotsurewhereheis,buthe______beinthelibrary.A.mustB.mightC.canD.need3.Ifyouwanttobesuccessful,youmust______hard.A.studyB.studiesC.studiedD.tostudy4.Mybrother______toAmericalastyearandhasn'tcomebackyet.A.hasgoneB.wentC.hasbeenD.hasgoneto5.Theteacheraskedthestudents______theyhadfinishedtheirhomework.A.ifB.thatC.whetherD.what6.Sheisthe______studentinourclass.A.intelligentB.moreintelligentC.mostintelligentD.intelligence7.Thisisthe______mountainIhaveeverclimbed.A.highB.higherC.highestD.highly8.We______tothecinemalastnight,butweweretootired.A.goB.wentC.hasgoneD.hadgone9.Theboy______hisbikewhenhefelldown.A.ridesB.wasridingC.isridingD.rode10.Ihaven'tseenhim______twoweeks.A.forB.sinceC.atD.from二、语法填空要求：下面每道题中，每句有四个划线部分，其中只有一个划线部分的词或短语使用恰当，请根据上下文选出恰当的选项。1.Sheis______(write)storiessinceshewasachild.A.writingB.wroteC.writtenD.writes2.IfI______you,Iwouldapologizetohim.A.amB.wereC.isD.are3.Theman______Ispoketoyesterdayisafamouswriter.A.whoB.whomC.thatD.which4.Thebook______Iborrowedfromthelibraryisveryinteresting.A.whoB.whomC.whichD.that5.Thegirl______Imetatthepartyismysister.A.whoB.whomC.whichD.that6.Theman______Italkedtoyesterdayisafamouswriter.A.whoB.whomC.whichD.that7.Thebook______Iborrowedfromthelibraryisveryinteresting.A.whoB.whomC.whichD.that8.Thegirl______Imetatthepartyismysister.A.whoB.whomD.that9.Theman______Italkedtoyesterdayisafamouswriter.A.whoB.whomC.whichD.that10.Thebook______Iborrowedfromthelibraryisveryinteresting.A.whoB.whomC.whichD.that三、句子改错要求：下面每道题中，每句都包含一个错误，请找出错误并改正。1.Idon'tknowwhereishenow.错误：改正：2.Shehasgonetotheshop,andIamgoingtheretoo.错误：改正：3.Theydidn'tfinishedtheirhomeworklastnight.错误：改正：4.Ifitwillraintomorrow,wewillcancelthepicnic.错误：改正：5.HehasbeentoLondonforfiveyears.错误：改正：6.Thestudentsarepreparefortheexamnextweek.错误：改正：7.Shewillnotgotothepartybecausesheisn'tfeelwell.错误：改正：8.MybrothergotoAmericalastyearandhehasn'tcomebackyet.错误：改正：9.ThisisthefirsttimethatIhaveevervisitedthismuseum.错误：改正：10.Theyarethemostintelligentstudentsinourclass.错误：改正：四、完形填空要求：下面短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项，请根据上下文选择最恰当的选项。Lastweekend,Iwenttothecountrysidewithmyfamily.Wewantedtorelaxandenjoythebeautifulnature.Wewokeupearlyanddrovetothemountains.Theweatherwasperfect,withclearskiesandagentlebreeze.Wearrivedatthehikingtrailandstartedouradventure.Thepathwassteep,butweweredeterminedtoreachthetop.Afteraboutanhourofclimbing,wereachedabreathtakingviewpoint.Westoppedtotakephotosandadmirethestunningscenery.Wecouldseethedistantcityandtherollinghills.Itwasapeacefulandunforgettableexperience.Wespenttheafternoonexploringtheareaandhavingapicnic.Asthesunbegantoset,wemadeourwaybackhome.Weweretiredbuthappy.Thistripwasawonderfulreminderofthebeautyofthenaturalworld.1.Whatdidthewriterandtheirfamilywanttodolastweekend?A.VisitthecityB.RelaxandenjoynatureC.GoshoppingD.Watchamovie2.Whendidtheywakeup?A.LateinthemorningB.EarlyinthemorningC.AfternoonD.Evening3.Whatwastheweatherlike?A.RainyB.SunnyandclearC.WindyD.Cold4.Whatwasthepathlike?A.FlatandeasyB.SteepanddifficultC.ShortandquickD.Wideandopen5.Wheredidtheystoptotakephotos?A.AtthebottomofthemountainB.AtthehikingtrailC.AtabreathtakingviewpointD.Atthepicnicarea6.Whatcouldtheyseefromtheviewpoint?A.TheseaB.ThedistantcityandrollinghillsC.TheforestD.Theriver7.Whatdidtheydointheafternoon?A.StayedattheviewpointB.ExploredtheareaandhadapicnicC.ClimbedbackdownthemountainD.Wentforaswim8.Whattimedidtheystarttogobackhome?A.MorningB.AfternoonC.EarlyeveningD.Lateevening9.Howdidtheyfeelafterthetrip?A.TiredandunhappyB.HappyandrelaxedC.BoredandfrustratedD.Excitedandeager10.Whatwasthemainpurposeofthetrip?A.TovisitthecityB.TorelaxandenjoynatureC.TogoshoppingD.Towatchamovie五、书面表达要求：根据所给的提示，写一篇100词左右的短文。Youareastudent.Describeyourfavoriteholidayandexplainwhyyoulikeit.提示：Holiday,place,activities,food,familyorfriends,reasonforlikingit.本次试卷答案如下一、词汇辨析答案及解析1.D.tofasten解析：这里需要的是不定式短语作目的状语，表示“注视着街道下方以便于（看见什么）”的动作目的。Theoldladysatbythewindow,tofastenhereyesonthestreetbelow.表示老人坐在窗边，目的是盯着街道下方看。2.B.might解析：这里表示对当前位置的不确定推测，但可能性比must小。mightbeinthelibrary表示“他可能在图书馆”，语气比较委婉和不确定，符合语境中“不确定他在哪里”的情况。3.A.study解析：If引导的条件状语从句中，主句和从句的时态要对应。主句是虚拟语气，用动词原形，从句也用动词原形。表示“如果你想成功，你必须努力学习”，应用studyhard。4.B.went解析：这里描述的是过去的动作，并且动作已经完成，强调的是“去”这个动作本身。hasgoneto表示“去了某地还没回来”，hasbeento表示“去过某地”，都不符合“去年去了”的完成意义。went是一般过去时，表示过去的完成动作。5.A.if解析：asked后面跟宾语从句，宾语从句中询问是否完成某事，应用if或whether引导。if和whether在这里可以互换，但if更常用。Theteacheraskedthestudentsiftheyhadfinishedtheirhomework.表示老师问学生他们是否完成了作业。6.A.intelligent解析：the+形容词最高级表示“最……的”，后面需要跟名词。themostintelligentstudent是固定结构，意为“最聪明的学生”。intelligent是形容词，修饰student。7.C.highest解析：Thisisthe+形容词最高级+名词，表示“这是……最高的”。最高级前通常不用more或most修饰。Ihaveeverclimbed是最高级的限定成分，highest符合结构要求，意为“我爬过的最高的山”。8.B.went解析：lastnight表示过去的时间点，谓语动词应用过去时。go的过去式是went。表示“我们昨晚去了电影院”，但太累了没去成，应用一般过去时描述这个未完成的打算。9.B.wasriding解析：描述过去某个时间点正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时。whenhefelldown表示“当他摔倒时”，这个时态符合语境，表示骑车这个动作正在进行中突然摔倒。10.A.for解析：表示一段时间，应用介词for。haven'tseenhimfortwoweeks.意为“两周没见到他了”，for后面跟时间段。二、语法填空答案及解析1.A.writing解析：since引导的时间状语从句中，主句用现在完成进行时，表示从过去开始一直持续到现在的动作。Sheiswritingstoriessinceshewasachild.表示她从童年开始一直写故事到现在。2.B.were解析：if引导的虚拟语气条件状语从句中，表示与现在事实相反的情况，从句用动词过去式或weretodo。IfIwereyou,Iwouldapologizetohim.表示“如果我是你，我会向他道歉”，were符合虚拟语气要求。3.A.who解析：spoketo是固定搭配，后面跟宾语从句，宾语从句中缺少主语，应用who或that引导。Themanwho/thatIspoketoyesterdayisafamouswriter.who在这里更自然，指代“我昨天说话的那个人”。4.C.which解析：borrowedfromthelibrary是过去分词短语作后置定语修饰thebook，which引导定语从句，先行词是thebook，在从句中作主语。ThebookwhichIborrowedfromthelibraryisveryinteresting.意为“我借自图书馆的那本书很有趣”。5.A.who解析：metattheparty是过去分词短语作后置定语修饰thegirl，which不能指代人，whom在这里是宾格，不符合语法。ThegirlwhoImetatthepartyismysister.意为“我在派对上遇见的那个女孩是我姐姐”。6.B.whom解析：同第3题，spoketo后面跟宾语从句，缺少宾语，应用whom。ThemanwhomItalkedtoyesterdayisafamouswriter.意为“我昨天谈话的那位男士是一位著名作家”。7.C.which解析：同第4题，borrowedfromthelibrary是过去分词短语作后置定语修饰thebook，which引导定语从句，先行词是thebook，在从句中作主语。ThebookwhichIborrowedfromthelibraryisveryinteresting.意为“我借自图书馆的那本书很有趣”。8.D.that解析：同第5题，metattheparty是过去分词短语作后置定语修饰thegirl，that可以指代人，作主语。ThegirlthatImetatthepartyismysister.意为“我在派对上遇见的那个女孩是我姐姐”。9.B.whom解析：同第3、6题，talkedto后面跟宾语从句，缺少宾语，应用whom。ThemanwhomItalkedtoyesterdayisafamouswriter.意为“我昨天谈话的那位男士是一位著名作家”。10.C.which解析：同第4、7题，students是复数，which指代复数先行词，作表语。Wearethemostintelligentstudentsinourclass.意为“我们是班上最聪明的学生”。三、句子改错答案及解析1.错误：whereishe改正：whereheis解析：宾语从句语序错误。know后面跟宾语从句，从句应用陈述句语序heiswhere，而不是疑问句语序whereishe。Idon'tknowwhereheisnow.意为“我不知道他现在在哪里”。2.错误：hasgone改正：hasgone解析：hasgoneto表示“去了某地还没回来”，hasbeento表示“去过某地”。根据后文“Iamgoingtheretoo.”可知，她去了商店并且我也要去，说明她可能还在商店或者刚离开，应用hasgoneto。Shehasgonetotheshop,andIamgoingtheretoo.意为“她去了商店，我也打算去那里”。3.错误：didn'tfinished改正：didn'tfinish解析：动词形式错误。didn't是助动词do的过去式否定形式，后面跟动词原形。finished是finish的过去式。Theydidn'tfinishedtheirhomeworklastnight.应改为Theydidn'tfinishtheirhomeworklastnight.意为“他们昨晚没完成作业”。4.错误：willrain改正：willrain解析：if引导的将来时条件状语从句，从句用一般现在时表示将来。Ifitwillraintomorrow,wewillcancelthepicnic.应改为Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillcancelthepicnic.意为“如果明天下雨，我们会取消野餐”。5.错误：forfiveyears改正：forfiveyears解析：havebeento表示“去过某地”，for表示一段时间。ThemanhasbeentoLondonforfiveyears.意为“这个人去伦敦五年了”，时间状语应用for。这里的错误是重复了for，但意思上还是正确的，如果理解为“已经去过五年了”则错误，应改为hasbeeninLondonforfiveyears表示“已经在伦敦五年了”。6.错误：areprepare改正：arepreparing解析：动词形式错误。be+现在分词表示“正在做某事”，areprepare是prepare的形容词形式。Thestudentsarepreparefortheexamnextweek.应改为Thestudentsarepreparingfortheexamnextweek.意为“学生们正在为下周的考试做准备”。7.错误：isn'tfeel改正：isn'tfeeling解析：系动词后跟形容词或现在分词作表语。feel是动词，isn't后面需要跟现在分词形式feeling作表语。Shewillnotgotothepartybecausesheisn'tfeelwell.应改为Shewillnotgotothepartybecausesheisn'tfeelingwell.意为“她不会去参加派对，因为她感觉不舒服”。8.错误：go改正：went解析：go的过去式是went。MybrothergotoAmericalastyearandhehasn'tcomebackyet.应改为MybrotherwenttoAmericalastyearandhehasn'tcomebackyet.意为“我哥哥去年去了美国，还没回来”。9.错误：thefirsttimethat改正：thefirsttimethat解析：thefirsttime后面跟that引导的定语从句，修饰thefirsttime。ThisisthefirsttimethatIhaveevervisitedthismuseum.意为“这是我第一次参观这家博物馆”，结构正确，但原句没有错误，可能是题目设置错误。10.错误：mostintelligent改正：mostintelligent解析：the+最高级表示“最……的”，最高级前通常不用more或most修饰。Wearethemostintelligentstudentsinourclass.意为“我们是班上最聪明的学生”，mostintelligent是正确的。四、完形填空答案及解析1.B.Relaxandenjoynature解析：根据第一句"Wewantedtorelaxandenjoythebeautifulnature."可知，他们去乡村的目的是放松和享受自然。Relaxandenjoynature与原文意思一致。2.B.Earlyinthemorning解析：根据第二句"Wewokeupearlyanddrovetothemountains."可知，他们早上起床很早。Earlyinthemorning与原文意思一致。3.B.Sunnyandclear解析：根据第三句"Theweatherwasperfect,withclearskiesandagentlebreeze."可知，天气很好，天空晴朗。Sunnyandclear与原文意思一致。4.B.Steepanddifficult解析：根据第四句"Thepathwassteep,butweweredeterminedtoreachthetop."可知，小路很陡峭，很难走。Steepanddifficult与原文意思一致。5.C.Atabreathtakingviewpoint解析：根据第五句"Afteraboutanhourofclimbing,wereachedabreathtakingviewpoint."可知，他们爬了大约一个小时后到达了一个令人惊叹的观景点。Atabreathtaking