高二英语（人教版2019）导学案选择性必修一学习讲义UNIT1SectionⅡ新知学习环节

SectionⅡ“ReadingandThinking”的新知学习环节一、阅读单词——知其义1．theNobelPrizeinPhysiologyorMedicine诺贝尔__________或医学奖2．becalledartemisinin被称为__________3．thetreatmentformalaria__________的治疗4．medicalproperties药用___________5．extractDNAfromthebone从骨头中______DNA6．sweetwormwood青____________7.eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(①sourliquid酸性,②liquidfood食物))二、重点单词——写其形1．a______________newtreatment一种至关重要的新疗法2.eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(①temporaryemployment,获得临时雇用,②stillinEngland在英格兰仍然流行))3．__________________承认失败4．beused__________for主要用于三、活用单词——悉其变1.eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(①apart一个重要部分,②befullofenthusiasmand,充满热情与活力))2.eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(①aandpatientscientist,一位坚定且有耐心的科学家,②onehourtoreading,花一小时时间阅读,③mywholehearted,我全心全意的奉献))3.eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(①ChinaofChineseMedicalSciences,中医研究院,②haveexcellentperformance,学习成绩优异))4.eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(①withtheof以……为目的的,②anunidentifiedflying,不明飞行物))5.eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(①traditionaltreatments,传统植物疗法,②aprofessorof一名植物学教授))6.eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(①yourself评价你自己,②prehensive综合评价))7.eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(①aadvantage一个明显的优势,②aflavour一种独特的味道,③without没有差别))8.eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(①theporridge煮粥,②bewithrage怒不可遏,③plainwater普通的白开水,④bringthemixturetothe,把混合物煮至沸腾))9.eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(①themedicaltexts分析医学文献,②dothestatistical做统计分析))10.eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(①lostinthought显然陷入了沉思,②nomotivation无明显的动机))11.eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(①achemical一种化学物质,②makeprogress取得实质性进展))12.eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(①ontestingit坚持检测它,②theprinciple一贯的原则,③ather在她的坚持下))13.eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(①China'sresearch中国的科学研究,②andtechnology科学与技术,③amedical一位医学科学家))四、拓展构词——明其规(依据规律串记单词)1．objective：­ive形容词后缀①active积极的②expensive昂贵的③subjective主观的④effective有效的⑤impressive印象深刻的⑥aggressive侵略的2．botanical：“botany变y为i＋­cal”→adj.①historical 历史的；历史学的②biological 生物的；生物学的③economical 经济的；经济学的④astronomical 天体的；天文学的3．apparently：“adj.＋­ly”→adv.①mostly 主要地；一般地②actually 事实上；的确③obviously 显然；明显地④extremely 极其；非常⑤immediately 立刻五、高级词块——通其用1．______________ 承诺；保证(做某事、遵守协议或安排等)2．______________ 坚决要求3．______________ 注意；重视4．______________ 导致；造成(后果)5．______________ 死于……6．______________ 偶然；意外地7．______________ 确保8．______________ 从……毕业9．______________ 开始10．______________ 提取；取出；拟订1．Artemisininhasbeeavitalpartofthetreatmentformalaria,andisthoughttosave100,000livesayearinAfricaalone.青蒿素成了抗疟疾药物的关键成分，据估计每年仅在非洲就挽救了10万人的性命。★vitaladj.必不可少的；极其重要的；充满生机的|用|法|感|知|•(主旨升华句)Itisvitalthatweshouldbeinagoodstateofmindinthefaceoffailure.面对失败，我们要有良好的心态，这很重要。•Iambusypreparingformyfinalexam,whichisvitalfor/tome,soIcannotkeeptheappointment.我正忙于准备期末考试，这对我来说很重要，所以我不能赴约。归纳点拨bevitalfor/to...对……极为重要Itisvitaltodosth.做某事是很重要的beofvitalimportanceto...对……至关重要Itisvitalthatsb.(should)dosth.某人做某事是极其重要的名师点津在句型“Itisvitalthat...”中，从句谓语动词要用虚拟语气，即“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。|应|用|融|会|(单句语法填空/完成句子)①UndernocircumstanceswillImissthispreciousopportunity,whichis__________vitalimportancetomyfuturedevelopment.②Itisvitalforeveryone__________(know)someknowledgeoffirstaid.③Besides,______________________________inChinawhenyouattendadinnerparty.此外，在中国，当你参加晚宴时，注意餐桌礼仪是至关重要的。2.TuYouyou,amittedandpatientscientist,wasborninNingbo,China,on30December1930...屠呦呦，这位尽职尽责、锲而不舍的科学家1930年12月30日出生于中国宁波……★mittedadj.尽心尽力的；坚定的；坚信的|用|法|感|知|•(“人物描写”写作佳句)MrWhiteisamittedteacher,whogainsgreatpopularityamongstudents.怀特先生是一位尽职尽责的老师，很受学生们欢迎。•(“倡议”类写作佳句)Iadvocatedthatweshouldmitourselvestobuildinglow­carboncampus.我倡议我们应该致力于建设低碳校园。[归纳点拨](1)bemittedto(doing)sth. 献身于/致力于(做)某事(2)mitvt. 承诺；保证；做出(错或非法的事)； 犯(罪或错等)vi. 忠于；全心全意投入(工作、活动等)mitoneselfto(sth./doingsth./dosth.)承诺；保证(做某事、遵守协议或安排等)mit...to... 投入……于……mitamistake 犯错误(3)mitmentn. 承诺；奉献；投入makeamitment 作出承诺；下决心|应|用|融|会|(单句语法填空/完成句子)①BecauseTuYouyou______________(mit)todoingmedicalresearch,sheisthoughthighlyofbytheworld.②(2024·全国甲卷书面表达)Finally,theriseofnewenergyvehiclesreflectsChina's__________________(mit)tosustainabledevelopmentandreducingcarbonemissions.③Istronglysuggestyoumitanhouraday__________readingEnglish,whichcangraduallyimproveyouroralEnglish.④Asformajoractivities,regularly,wemitourselvesto__________(raise)fundsanddonationsforthoseinneed.⑤I______________infrontofsomanypeople,myfaceredwithembarrassment.我在如此多的人面前犯了一个愚蠢的错误，满脸窘得通红。3．However,TuYouyouwouldnotacknowledgedefeat.然而，屠呦呦并不认输。★acknowledgevt.承认(属实、权威等)；认可；跟……打招呼；理会；(公开)感谢；告知收到|用|法|感|知|(写出下列各句中acknowledge的汉语意思)①Heacknowledgedmebyliftinghishat.______________②Don'tforgettoacknowledgethosewhoplannedtheparty.______________③(2023·全国甲卷书面表达)AmongtheChinesehistoricalfiguresthatarewidelyacknowledged,FanZhongyanisthemostinfluentialinmyopinion.______________[归纳点拨](1)acknowledgedoing/havingdonesth.承认做了某事acknowledgethat... 承认……acknowledge...as/tobe... 认为……是……Itisuniversally/widelyacknowledgedthat... 人们公认……(2)acknowledgementn. 承认；感谢inacknowledgement(ofsth.) 感谢/承认(某事)|应|用|融|会|(1)单句语法填空/完成句子④Englishisacknowledged__________thelanguageofbusiness,science,ITandtheInternetaroundtheworld.⑤Iwassentafreecopyin______________(acknowledge)ofmycontribution.⑥Tom____________________________inthepetition,whichmadeusquitedepressed.汤姆承认在比赛中被击败了，这使我们很沮丧。(2)句型转换⑦Peopleacknowledgethatlifeconsistsofnotonlysunshinebutalsostorms.→________________________________lifeconsistsofnotonlysunshinebutalsostorms.(用it作形式主语改写句子)★defeatn．失败；挫败vt.击败；战胜|用|法|感|知|•(主旨升华句)Barrierstosuccesscan'tdefeatus.Instead,theycanonlymakeusstronger.通往成功路上的障碍不能打败我们，相反，它们只会让我们更强大。[易混辨析]defeat,beat,windefeat只接人作宾语，既可指比赛中“击败”对手，也可指战争中“击败”敌军或入侵者beat只接人作宾语，侧重于比赛中击败对手win接事或物时，表示“荣获，赢得”，宾语常为比赛、战斗、奖品等|应|用|融|会|(1)选词填空(defeat/beat/win)①“Wehave__________therace!Wearethechampion！”theyshoutedandcheered.②Being__________isoftenatemporaryconditionbutgivingupiswhatmakesitpermanent.③Robbie__________hisrivalinthe100­meterdashby0.3seconds.(2)完成句子④Weoughttoknowthat______________ismoninourlifejourney.我们应该知道遭受失败是我们人生旅途中很常见的事情。4.Sheconcludedthatboilingthesweetwormwoodapparentlydestroyeditsmedicalproperties.她得出结论，认为水煎青蒿显然破坏了它的药学属性。★apparentlyadv.显而易见；看来；显然|用|法|感|知|•(2023·浙江1月高考)Apparently,agooddeeddeservesanotherone.显然，善有善报。•(“神态描写”写作佳句)Eveninherapparentpain,shemanagedtogreetmewithasmile.即使她显然处于痛苦中，她还是勉强微笑着向我打招呼。[归纳点拨]apparentadj. 显而易见的；表面上的；显然的Itisapparentthat... 很显然……Itisapparentfrom...that... 从……可以明显看出……Itisapparenttosb.that... 在某人看来很明显……|应|用|融|会|(单句语法填空/完成句子)①__________(apparent),mythoughtwasstartingtoeintoreality,asthewavesstartedpickingupevenmore.②______________________hehasmadegreatprogress.很显然，他取得了很大的进步。③________________________livinginasmalltownismorefortable.对我们来说，很明显，住在小城镇更舒适。5.TuYouyouandherteammemberseveninsistedontestingthemedicineonthemselvestomakesurethatitwassafe.屠呦呦与团队成员甚至坚持以身试药，以确保药物的安全性。★insistvi.&vt.坚持；坚决要求|用|法|感|知|•Davidinsistedonrunningasifhehadforgottenallhisweaknesses,thoughhetrippedoverwithinafewkilometres.大卫坚持跑步，好像他忘记了所有的弱点，尽管他跑了几公里就被绊倒了。•(“神态描写”写作佳句)Mominsistedthatwegocampinginthenextvillage,hereyestwinklingwithexcitement.妈妈坚持要求我们在下一个村庄露营，她的眼中闪烁着兴奋的光芒。归纳点拨insistonsth./doingsth.坚决要求某物/做某事insistthat...坚决要求……；坚持认为……名师点津insist意为“坚持要求；坚决主张”时，其宾语从句中谓语要用虚拟语气，即“(should＋)动词原形”；意为“坚持认为；坚持说”时，从句谓语用陈述语气。|应|用|融|会|(单句语法填空/完成句子)①However,hewassostubbornthathedisagreedwithusandinsisted__________hisdecision.②Theteacherinsistedthat__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.老师坚持要求利用每一分钟把工作做好。③He________________________________，soheturnedawayfromthemeetingandstoppedarguingwithher.他坚持认为自己是正确的，于是转身离开了会场，不再与她争论。1.Thisyear'sNobelPrizeinPhysiologyorMedicinehasbeenawardedtoTuYouyou(co­winner),whoseresearchledtothediscoveryofartemisinin,acrucialnewtreatmentformalaria.本年度的诺贝尔生理学或医学奖已授予屠呦呦(得主之一)，她的研究使青蒿素这种至关重要的新型抗疟疾药物得以发现。感知将学语法——非限制性定语从句句中whose引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词TuYouyou，在从句中作定语。本课中还使用了where引导的非限制性定语从句：Inthebeginning,TuYouyouwenttoHainan,wheremalariawasmoremon,tostudymalariapatients.(where在此引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Hainan,where在从句中作地点状语。)起初，屠呦呦奔赴疟疾更为常见的海南研究疟疾患者。2．Artemisininhasbeeavitalpartofthetreatmentformalaria,andisthoughttosave100,000livesayearinAfricaalone.青蒿素成了抗疟疾药物的关键成分，据估计每年仅在非洲就挽救了10万人的性命。(1)“Sb./Sth.＋be＋过去分词＋todo”句型，表示“据……某人/某物做……”，可与“It's＋过去分词＋that...”互换。常用于此句型的动词的过去分词有said,thought,believed,hoped,reported,known,proved,considered等。(2)在“Sb./Sth.＋be＋过去分词＋todo”句型中，不定式有几种不同的形式：Sb./Sth.＋be＋过去分词＋eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(todo表示主动，动作将要发生,tobedoing表示主动，动作正在进行,tohavedone表示主动，动作已完成))“两层级”学通用活句式(1)通过“句式变换”弄明句式结构①Heisthoughttobealearnedandmodestscholar.→________________________alearnedandmodestscholar.②Heisreportedtohavebeenchosenchairmanofthetradeunion.→____________________________________chairmanofthetradeunion.(2)通过“句式仿写”做到熟练运用③人们认为，楼兰在数百年前被沙尘暴渐渐吞没了。Loulan____________________________________________________bysandstormshundredsofyearsago.④我很多年没有见到杰克了。据说，他现在在中国定居。Ihaven'tseenJackformanyyears.____________________________inChinanow.3．Fromtheirresearch,theydiscoveredandtested380distinctancientChinesemedicaltreatmentsthatshowedpromiseinthefightagainstmalaria.通过研究，他们发现并测试了380种不同的有望战胜疟疾的古代中医疗法。激活已学语法——限制性定语从句本句中that引导的是限制性定语从句，它对先行词treatments起限定作用。限制性定语从句的常用引导词有which,that,who,whom,whose,where,when,why,as等。|应|用|融|会|(完成句子)①Heistheone____________________________________________________________.他是个总是乐于助人的人。②Thisisthemostbeautifulpark_____________________________________________.这是我参观过的最漂亮的公园。4．UponhearingthatshehadbeenawardedtheNobelPrize,shesaid,“Thehonourisnotjustmine.Thereisateambehindme...”获悉自己被授予诺贝尔奖时，她说：“这份荣誉不仅仅属于我。我的身后是一个团队……”(1)介词on/upon后面可以跟动名词或名词作宾语，构成介宾短语，在句中作状语，意为“在……的时候；当……时；一……就……”，可以转换为assoonas引导的时间状语从句。(2)表示“一……就……”的常用词(组)有：directly/instantly/immediately,assoonas,hardly...when...,nosooner...than...,themoment/minute/second/instant等。注意：当hardly,nosooner位于句首时，它们所在的句子要使用部分倒装。“两层级”学通用活句式(1)通过“句式变换”弄明句式结构①AssoonasIarrivedhome,Iwrotetohimandhiswifeathankyounoteforhelpingme.→____________________________，Iwrotetohimandhiswifeathankyounoteforhelpingme.(用介词短语作状语改写黑体部分)②Instantlytheyreturnedhome,theycouldn'twaittomakepopcorn.→__________________________________，theycouldn'twaittomakepopcorn.(用“the＋名词”短语引导的状语从句改写黑体部分)③Wehadhardlyseenthelightwhenwefeltexcited.→________________________________________________________________________(用倒装句改写)(2)通过“句式仿写”做到熟练运用④一回到家，我迫不及待地与同学们分享照片和经历。__________________________，Icouldn'twaittosharethephotosandexperienceswithmyclassmates.⑤我们一到，工人们热情地接待了我们，并带我们参观了他们的车间。__________________________________，theworkerswarmlyreceivedusandshowedusaroundtheirworkshop.课文缩写语法填空eq\b\lc\|\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(,,,,))eq\b\lc\\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(根据课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。))TuYouyou①______________(award)theNobelPrizeinPhysiologyorMedicinein2015.Herresearchled②________________thediscoveryofartemisinin,③____________isthoughttosave100,000livesayearinAfricaalone.TuYouyou,a④__________(mit)andpatientscientist,graduatedfromPekingUniversityMedicalSchoolin1955.In1969,shedecidedtoreviewancientChinesemedicaltextstofind⑤__________(tradition)botanicaltreatmentsforthedisease.Onemedicaltextsuggested⑥__________(use)theextractfromsweetwormwoodtotreatafever.Later,byexperiments,sheconcludedthatboilingthesweetwormwood⑦__________(apparent)destroyeditsmedicalproperties.Shethentrieddrawingouttheextractatalowertemperature.Finally,theysucceededindiscoveringartemisinin.Uponhearingthatshe⑧______________(award)theNobelPrize,TuYouyousaidthatthehonourbelongedtoallthepeopleofthecountryandthatitisindeed⑨__________honourforChina's⑩____________(science)researchandChinesemedicinetobespreadaroundtheworld.课下请完成UNIT1课时检测(二)SectionⅡ课前词汇默写一、1.生理学2.青蒿素3.疟疾4.性能5.提取6.蒿7．①液体②流质二、1.crucial2.①obtain②obt