江苏省靖江市部分学校2025-2026学年高一上学期9月阶段考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1江苏省靖江市部分学校2025-2026学年高一上学期9月英语阶段考试试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AEasyChemistryExperimentstoDoatHomeNotallsciencerequireslabs.Youcanexplorethefunofscienceinyourownkitchen.Herearesomescienceexperimentsandprojectsyoucandothatusecommonkitchenchemicals.Clickthroughtheimagesforacollectionofeasykitchenscienceexperiments.MentosanddietsodafountainExplorethescienceofbubblesandpressureusingMentoscandiesandabottleofsoda.Asthecandiesdissolveinsoda,thetinypitsformedontheirsurfaceallowcarbondioxidebubblestogrow.Theprocessoccursquickly,producingasuddenburstoffoamfromthenarrowneckofthebottle.Experimentmaterials:Mentoscandies,soda.BakingsodaandvinegarvolcanokitchenexperimentYoucangetavolcaniceruptionusingkitchenchemicals.Experimentmaterials:bakingsoda,vinegar,water,foodcoloring.Makewaterfireworksinaglassfromwateranddye(染料)Don’tworry—thereisnoexplosionordangerinthisproject!The“fireworks”takeplaceinaglassofwater.Experimentmaterials:water,oil,foodcoloring.MakehoticeusingvinegarandbakingsodaYoucanmake“hotice”athomeusingbakingsodaandvinegar.Thereactioncreatesheat,sotheiceishot.Ithappenssoquickly.Youcanformcrystaltowersasyoupourtheliquidintoadish.Experimentmaterials:vinegar,bakingsoda.1.Whichexperimentneedssweets?A.Mentosanddietsodafountain.B.Bakingsodaandvinegarvolcano.C.Makewaterfireworksinaglass.D.Makehoticeusingvinegarandbakingsoda.2.Whatdothefourexperimentshaveincommon?A.Theyallneedsoda. B.Theyallaredangerous.C.Theyallcanbringyoujoy. D.Theyallmustbedoneinthekitchen.3.Whereisthepassagetakenfrom?A.Anewspaper. B.Awebsite. C.Amagazine. D.Atextbook.【答案】1.A2.C3.B【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四个可以在家中操作的简易有趣的化学实验。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据Mentosanddietsodafountain中“Experimentmaterials:Mentoscandies,soda.”（实验材料：曼妥思糖果，苏打水。）可知，Mentosanddietsodafountain这个实验需要糖果。故选A项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Youcanexplorethefunofscienceinyourownkitchen.”（你可以在自己的厨房里探索科学的乐趣。）可知，这四个实验的共同之处是他们都能给你带来快乐。故选C项。【3题详析】推理判断题。根据文章大意以及第二段“Clickthroughtheimagesforacollectionofeasykitchenscienceexperiments.”（点击图片查看一系列简单的厨房科学实验。）可推知，这篇文章应该是来自网站。故选B项。BTheIntelligentTransportteamatNewcastleUniversityhaveturnedanelectriccarintoamobilelaboratorynamed“DriveLAB”inordertounderstandthechallengesfacedbyolderdriversandtodiscoverwherethekeystresspointsare.Researchshowsthatgivingupdrivingisoneofthekeyreasonsforafallinhealthandwell-beingamongolderpeople,leadingtothembecomingmoreisolatedandinactive.LedbyProfessorPhilBlythe,theNewcastleteamaredevelopingin-vehicletechnologiesforolderdriverswhichtheyhopecouldhelpthemtocontinuedrivingintolaterlife.Theseincludecustom-madenavigation(导航)tools,nightvisionsystemsandintelligentspeedadaptations.PhilBlytheexplains:“Formanyolderpeople,particularlythoselivingaloneorinthecountrydrivingisimportantforkeepingtheirindependence,givingthemthefreedomtogetoutandaboutwithouthavingtorelyonothers.”“Butweallhavetoacceptthataswegetolderourreactionsslowdownandthisoftenresultsinpeopleavoidinganypotentiallychallengingdrivingconditionsandlosingconfidenceintheirdrivingskills.Theresultisthatpeoplestopdrivingbeforetheyreallyneedto.”DrAmyGuo,theleadingresearcherontheolderdriverstudy,explains,“TheDriveLABishelpingustounderstandwhatthekeystresspointsanddifficultiesareforolderdriversandhowwemightusetechnologytosolvetheseproblems.”“Forexample,mostofuswouldexpectolderdriversalwaysgoslowerthaneveryoneelsebutsurprisingly,wefoundthatin30mphzonestheystruggledtokeepataconstantspeedandsoweremorelikelytobreakthespeedlimitandbeatriskofgettingfined.We’relookingatthebenefitsofsystemswhichcontroltheirspeedasawayofpreventingthat.”“Wehopethatourworkwillhelpwithtechnologicalsolutionstoensurethatolderdriversstaysaferbehindthewheel.”4.WhatisthepurposeoftheDriveLAB?A.Toexplorenewmeansoftransport. B.Todesignnewtypesofcars.C.Toteachpeopletrafficrules. D.Tofindoutolderdriver’sproblems.5.WhyisdrivingimportantforolderpeopleaccordingtoPhilBlythe?A.Itkeepsthemindependent. B.Ithelpsthemsavetime.C.Itbuildsuptheirstrength. D.Itcurestheirmentalillnesses.6.Whatdoresearchershopetodoforolderpeople?A.Ensuretheirsafetywiththehelpoftechnology.B.Improvetheirdivingskills.C.Provideadviceonrepairingtheircars.D.Organizeregularphysicalcheckups.7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ANewModelElectricCar B.KeepingOlderDriversontheRoadC.ASolutiontoTrafficProblems D.DrivingServicesforElders【答案】4.D5.A6.A7.B【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了老年司机在需要停止开车的年龄之前就不得不停止开车，所以一些研究人员就开始了解老年司机存在的问题，想要用技术去解决这些问题，帮助老年司机能够一直安全开车直到应该停止的年龄。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“TheIntelligentTransportteamatNewcastleUniversityhaveturnedanelectriccarintoamobilelaboratorynamed“DriveLAB”inordertounderstandthechallengesfacedbyolderdriversandtodiscoverwherethekeystresspointsare.”（纽尔斯卡大学的智能交通队将一辆电动汽车转变成立一个叫做DriveLAB的可移动实验室，其目的为了了解到老年司机所面临的挑战，发现其关键点。）可知，DriveLAB是为了理解老年司机所面对的挑战，发现关键点在哪里，即发现老年司机所面临的问题，故选D。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“PhilBlytheexplains:“Formanyolderpeople,particularlythoselivingaloneorinthecountry,drivingisimportantforpreservingtheirindependence,givingthemthefreedomtogetoutandaboutwithouthavingtorelyonothers.””（Phil解释道：“对于很多老年人来说，尤其是那些独自居住或者是住在农村的，开车对于保护老年人的独立很重要，让他们能自由地出去，而不必去依赖其他人”。）可知，开车对于保持老年司机的独立性很重要，让他们可以自由地出去走动，而不必依赖别人。故选A。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据第六段中“TheDriveLABishelpingustounderstandwhatthekeypointsanddifficultiesareforolderdriversandhowwemightusetechnologytoaddresstheseproblems.”（正在帮助我们了解到，对于老年司机来说，什么是关键点，以及我们应如何使用技术来解决这些问题。）及最后一段“Wehopethatourworkwillhelpwithtechnologicalsolutionstoensurethatolderdriversstaysaferbehindthewheel.”（我们希望我们的工作将有助于提供技术解决方案，以确保高龄驾驶人在驾驶时更安全。）可知，研究人员想要用技术解决老年司机的关键难题，从而保证老年司机的安全，故选A。【7题详析】主旨大意题。本文主要讲述一些研究人员想要利用技术解决老年司机驾驶存在的问题，其目的是帮助老年司机能够一直安全开车直到应该停止的年龄，故KeepingOlderDriversontheRoad(让老年司机在路上行驶)符合全文主旨，故选B。CWhenputtothetest,beeshaveprovedoverandoveragainthatthey’vegotalotmoretoofferthanmakinghoneyandnowsomescientistssaythere’sproofthattheyalsoliketoplay.AstudyrecentlypublishedinAnimalBehaviorsuggeststhatbumblebees,whengiventhechance,liketofoolaroundwithtoys.ResearchersfromQueenMaryUniversityofLondonconductedanexperimentinwhichtheysetupacontainerthatallowedbeestotravelfromtheirnesttoafeedingarea.Butalongtheway,thebeescouldchoosetopassthroughaseparatesectionwithseveralsmallwoodenballs.Over18days,thescientistswatchedasthebees“wentoutoftheirwaytorollwoodenballsrepeatedly,thoughthereseemstobenoapparentcausetodrivethemtodoso.”Thefindingsuggeststhatlikehumans,insectsalsointeractwithinanimate(无生命的)objectsasaformofplay.Alsosimilartopeople,youngerbeesseemedtobemoreplayfulthanadultbees.“Previousresearchhasshownthattherearelotsofanimalswhoplayjustforthepurposeofenjoyment,butmostexamplescomefromyoungmammalsandbirds.Thisstudyprovidesastrongindicationthatinsectmindsarefarmoreadvancedthanwemightimagine,”LarsChittka,wholedthestudy,said.Thestudy’sfirstauthor,SamadiGalpayage,whoisaPhDstudentatQueenMaryUniversity,addedthatitistheevidencethatinsectsmaybeabletoexperiencefeelings.“Theycanactuallyexperiencesomekindofpositiveemotionalstates,evenifbasic,likeotherlargerfluffy(覆有绒毛的)animalsdo.Thissortoffindinghasledtoourunderstandingofinsectsandwill,hopefully,encourageustorespectandprotectlifeonearthevermore,”shesaidinthestatement.8.Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?A.Theconclusionoftheresearch.B.Theassumptionaboutthebees.C.Thedescriptionoftheexperiment.D.Thereasonsforconductingtheexperiment.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“apparent”inparagraph2mean?A.Clear. B.Preventable. C.Horrible. D.Different.10.Whatcanwelearnfromthestudy?A.Birdsliketofoolaroundwithtoys.B.Toysaremoreenjoyabletoadultbees.C.Humansseldominteractwithlifelessobjectsforfun.D.Insectmindsarebetterdevelopedthanwethought.11.WhichstatementwillSamadiGalpayageagreeto?A.Insectsexperiencethesameemotionsashumansdo.B.Fluffyanimalsfailtoshowpositiveemotionalstates.C.Moreworkisneededtoprotectendangeredlifeonearth.D.Thefindingimprovesourunderstandingoflivingthings.【答案】8.C9.A10.D11.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是有证据表明蜜蜂喜欢玩耍。【8题详析】主旨大意题。根据第二段的“ResearchersfromQueenMaryUniversityofLondonconductedanexperimentinwhichtheysetupacontainerthatallowedbeestotravelfromtheirnesttoafeedingarea.Butalongtheway,thebeescouldchoosetopassthroughaseparatesectionwithseveralsmallwoodenballs.Over18days,thescientistswatchedasthebees“wentoutoftheirwaytorollwoodenballsrepeatedly,thoughthereseemstobenoapparentcausetodrivethemtodoso.”(伦敦玛丽女王大学的研究人员进行了一项实验，他们设置了一个容器，让蜜蜂从巢中移动到喂食区。但在途中，蜜蜂可以选择通过一个有几个小木球的单独区域。在18天的时间里，科学家们观察到蜜蜂“不断地滚动木球，尽管似乎没有明显的原因驱使它们这样做。”)”可知，第二段主要是对实验的描述。故选C。【9题详析】词句猜测题。根据第二段的“Butalongtheway,thebeescouldchoosetopassthroughaseparatesectionwithseveralsmallwoodenballs.Over18days,thescientistswatchedasthebees“wentoutoftheirwaytorollwoodenballsrepeatedly,thoughthereseemstobeno(但在途中，蜜蜂可以选择通过一个有几个小木球的单独区域。在18天的时间里，科学家们观察到蜜蜂“不断地滚动木球，尽管似乎没有)”和“causetodrivethemtodoso(驱使他们这么做的原因)”可知，此处表示“尽管似乎没有明显的原因驱使它们这样做”，划线词apparent的意思是“明显的”，和意思相近，故选A。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“Thisstudyprovidesastrongindicationthatinsectmindsarefarmoreadvancedthanwemightimagine(这项研究有力地表明，昆虫的思维比我们想象的要先进得多)”可知，我们能从这项研究中了解到昆虫的大脑比我们想象的要发达。故选D。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Thissortoffindinghasledtoourunderstandingofinsectsandwill,hopefully,encourageustorespectandprotectlifeonearthevermore(这一发现使我们对昆虫有了更多的了解，并有望鼓励我们更加尊重和保护地球上的生命)”可知，SamadiGalpayage会同意的是这一发现增进了我们对生物的理解。故选D。DWhenEvePerezwasinmiddleschool,sheremembersfeelingembarrassedtoshopatsecondhandstores.Surroundedbypeersinnamebrands,Perezfeltliketherewasdisgraceassociatedwithwearingusedclothing.Somethingchangedaroundfiveyearsago,sherecalls—rightaroundthetimethesocialnetworkingplatformTumblrgrewinpopularity.Shenoticedachangeinhowpeopleviewedbuyingandwearingusedclothing.Itbecameafashionablethingtodo.Now,Perez,21,makesupwardsof$1000eachmonthbysellingbothhandmadeandsecondhandclothingonDepop,anonlineresalemarketplacewithayounguserbase.“Secondhandshoppinghasbeennormalized,”Perezsaid,21.“Sincesomanypeoplearedoingit,it’snowseenascooler.It’sseenasbetterthangoingtothemall.Youngerpeoplefinditfun,likeagame.Ahuntforsomethingunique.”Theincreasingreturnsofthathunthaveturnedsecondhandshoppingintoa$28billionindustry,accordingtofindingsfromThirdUp,anonlineconsignmentstore.Secondhandshoppingisnolongerjustalocal,community-drivenhobby—ithaswings.AcceleratingthesenumbersisGenerationZ,whosemembershaveembracedsecondhandfashionfasterthananyotheragegroupandaccountforover40%ofglobalconsumers.ThechangingconsumerhabitsandhugebuyingpowerofGenZaredrivingthevalueofresalestartupslikeDepopskyward.TheappwasacquiredbycraftmarketplaceEtsyina$1.6billioncashdealthismonth,amovedesignedtoextend(延伸)Etsy’sreachintoayoungeranddigitally-nativeaudience.Depopwastheperfecttarget.Designedtoresemble(与……相似)asocialmediaplatform,90%oftheapp’sactiveusersareundertheageof26.“Teenagersdrivingthepopularityofsecondhandfashionisapatternthatcanbeobservedthroughouthistory,”saysJenniferLeZotte,ahistorian.“Youngpeoplearegenerallymoreopentoexperimentingwithstylesandreinventingdifferentversions(版本)ofthemselves.Theywanttosetthemselvesapartfromthepreviousgenerationandtoparticipateincreatingthosestyleswiththeirpeers.”12.WhatdidPerezthinkofsecondhandshoppingwheninmiddleschool?A.Graceful. B.Shameful C.Profitable. D.Fashionable.13.Whathascontributedtothegrowthofthesecondhandshoppingindustry?A.Thegreatjobopportunitiesitcreates. B.Thepromotionofthelocalcommunity.C.Thedeclineoftraditionalshoppingmalls. D.Thepleasureofsearchingforuniqueitems.14.WhydidEtsyacquireDepop?A.Toholdontoitsactiveusers. B.Toattractmoreyoungerusers.C.Tobecomemorecompetitivedigitally. D.Toturnitselfintoasocialmediaplatform.15.AccordingtoLeZotte,whycanteenagerspopularizesecondhandfashion?A.Theyarepioneering. B.Theyareenergetic. C.Theyareeconomical. D.Theyareobservant.【答案】12.B13.D14.B15.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了二手购物由曾被视为羞耻变为流行，Z世代推动其成为280亿美元的产业，Etsy也收购Depop以触达年轻用户。【12题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“WhenEvePerezwasinmiddleschool,sheremembersfeelingembarrassedtoshopatsecondhandstores.Surroundedbypeersinnamebrands,Perezfeltliketherewasdisgraceassociatedwithwearingusedclothing.(伊芙·佩雷斯上中学时，她记得自己在二手店购物时感到很尴尬。周围的同学都穿着名牌，佩雷斯觉得穿旧衣服是一种耻辱)”可知，佩雷斯中学时认为二手购物是可耻的。故选B。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段““Secondhandshoppinghasbeennormalized,”Perezsaid,21.“Sincesomanypeoplearedoingit,it’snowseenascooler.It’sseenasbetterthangoingtothemall.Youngerpeoplefinditfun,likeagame.Ahuntforsomethingunique.”(21岁的佩雷斯说：“二手购物已经变得正常化了。既然这么多人都在这么做，现在它被认为更酷。它被认为比去商场更好。年轻人觉得这很有趣，就像一场游戏。寻找独特的东西。”)”以及第四段“Theincreasingreturnsofthathunthaveturnedsecondhandshoppingintoa$28billionindustry,accordingtofindingsfromThirdUp,anonlineconsignmentstore.(根据在线寄售商店ThirdUp的调查结果，这种寻找带来的回报不断增加，使二手购物成为了一个价值280亿美元的产业)”可知，是寻找独特物品的乐趣推动了二手购物行业的发展。故选D。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据第六段“TheappwasacquiredbycraftmarketplaceEtsyina$1.6billioncashdealthismonth,amovedesignedtoextend(延伸)Etsy’sreachintoayoungeranddigitally-nativeaudience.Depopwastheperfecttarget.(本月，手工艺品市场Etsy以16亿美元现金收购了这款应用，此举旨在将Etsy的触角延伸至更年轻、更数字化的受众群体。Depop是完美的目标)”可知，Etsy收购Depop是为了将Etsy的触角延伸至更年轻、更数字化的受众群体，即吸引更多年轻用户。故选B。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段““Teenagersdrivingthepopularityofsecondhandfashionisapatternthatcanbeobservedthroughouthistory,’saysJenniferLeZotte,ahistorian.‘Youngpeoplearegenerallymoreopentoexperimentingwithstylesandreinventingdifferentversions(版本)ofthemselves.Theywanttosetthemselvesapartfromthepreviousgenerationandtoparticipateincreatingthosestyleswiththeirpeers.”(历史学家詹妮弗·勒佐特说：“纵观历史，青少年推动二手时尚的流行是一种可以观察到的模式。年轻人通常更愿意尝试不同的风格，重塑不同的自我版本。他们想让自己与上一代人区分开来，并与同龄人一起参与创造这些风格。”)”可知，青少年具有开创性，愿意尝试新事物，这使他们能够推动二手时尚的流行。故选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。TipsForStayingActiveOvertheHolidaysTheholidayseasonishere,which,formostpeople,meansgood-byetotheirtypicalexerciseway.Beingphysicallyactiveonaconsistent(始终如一的)basiscanbechallengingduringthisperiodespeciallyaswetraveltoseefamilymembersorhostfriendsinourhomes.____16____Exerciseisalsoknowntokeepyoufullofenergyandreducestresslevels.Consideringthese,youcantakethefollowingtipsformakingphysicalactivitiesregularinyourlifestyle,throughholidaysandbeyond.____17____Thisisthefirstruleofanysustainable(可持续的)exerciseplans.Ifyourexercisefeelslikeanothertaskonyourto-dolist,it’llbedifficulttokeepon.Therefore,becreativeinidentifying(确认)physicalactivitiesyoulike.Dance.Dogardening.Takeayogaclassonline.Allofthesecountasphysicalactivities,andevensmallamountsaddup.Findbreakstomovethroughouttheday____18____Takingthree10-minutewalksduringtheday—oneinthemorning,anotherduringyourlunchandanotherafterdinner—producessimilarbenefitstospending30minutesatthegym.Inotherwords,takingshortmovementbreaksthroughoutyourdaymakesforamoreactivelifestyleandhelpsmeetyourgoals.Makeitapriority(首要事情)Mostofusaremanagingcountlessresponsibilitieseveryday,soit’snecessarytoconsiderphysicalactivitiesanimportantpartofyourday.____19____And,letothersknowwhenyou’llbebusyexercisingandhowtheycanhelpyoufindtimetodoso.Havingthesupportfromothersisanimportantpartofsuccess.BerealisticMostareoverlypositivewhenfirstmappingoutanexerciseplan.Infact,exerciseisn’tnecessarilyatmaximalintensity(最大强度)tobeeffective.Besides,youdon’thavetoexercisebefore,duringandafterworkeverydayinordertohityourgoals.____20____A.Findsomethingyouenjoy.B.Joininvariousphysicalactivities.C.Exercisedoesn’thavetotakeplaceinagym.D.Ofcourse,itisrealistictoavoidbeinginjuredinsports.E.Instead,justputmoremovementintoyourpresentdailylife.F.Putitonyourschedule,justasyouhaveanimportantmeeting.G.Howeverharditseems,stayingactivecanhelpnotjustyourwaistline.【答案】16.G17.A18.C19.F20.E【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了如何在假期持续进行体育锻炼的几种方法。【16题详析】由上文“Beingphysicallyactiveonaconsistent(始终如一的)basiscanbechallengingduringthisperiodespeciallyaswetraveltoseefamilymembersorhostfriendsinourhomes.(在此期间，持续进行身体活动可能会很有挑战性，尤其是当我们去看望家人或在家里接待朋友时。)”和下文“Exerciseisalsoknowntokeepyoufullofenergyandreducestresslevels.(众所周知，运动还能让你精力充沛，减轻压力。)”可知，空格处需转折强调“保持运动的好处”，衔接上下文。G项“Howeverharditseems,stayingactivecanhelpnotjustyourwaistline.(无论看起来多难，保持运动不仅能帮你保持腰围。)”符合语境，“Howeverharditseems”承接前文“challenging”，“notjustyourwaistline”引出下文“keepyoufullofenergyandreducestresslevels”等更多好处，承上启下。故选G项。【17题详析】由下文“Ifyourexercisefeelslikeanothertaskonyourto-dolist,it’llbedifficulttokeepon.Therefore,becreativeinidentifying(确认)physicalactivitiesyoulike.(如果运动对你来说像待办清单上的另一项任务，就很难坚持下去。因此，要创造性地找到你喜欢的身体活动。)”可知，本段围绕“选择喜欢的运动”展开，空格处需作为主题句点明核心。A项“Findsomethingyouenjoy.(找到你喜欢的运动。)”符合语境，“somethingyouenjoy”直接呼应下文“physicalactivitiesyoulike”，准确概括段落内容，作为主题句恰当。故选A项。【18题详析】由下文“Takingthree10-minutewalksduringtheday—oneinthemorning,anotherduringyourlunchandanotherafterdinner—producessimilarbenefitstospending30minutesatthegym.(每天散步三次，每次10分钟——一次在早上，一次在午餐时，另一次在晚餐后——产生的好处与在健身房锻炼30分钟相似。)”可知，空格处需说明“运动不一定要在健身房进行”。C项“Exercisedoesn’thavetotakeplaceinagym.(运动不一定非要在健身房进行。)”符合语境，“doesn’thavetotakeplaceinagym”与下文“10-minutewalks”对应，引出“碎片化运动也有效”的观点，逻辑连贯。故选C项。【19题详析】由上文“Mostofusaremanagingcountlessresponsibilitieseveryday,soit’snecessarytoconsiderphysicalactivitiesanimportantpartofyourday.(我们大多数人每天都在处理无数的责任，所以有必要将体育活动视为一天中的重要组成部分。)”和下文“And,letothersknowwhenyou’llbebusyexercisingandhowtheycanhelpyoufindtimetodoso.(而且，让别人知道你什么时候会忙于锻炼，以及他们如何帮助你找到时间锻炼。)”可知，空格处需说明“如何将运动列为重要事项”。F项“Putitonyourschedule,justasyouhaveanimportantmeeting.(把它写进你的日程表，就像安排重要会议一样。)”符合语境，“Putitonyourschedule”是“视为重要部分”的具体做法，“justasyouhaveanimportantmeeting”强调其重要性，衔接下文“让别人知晓运动时间”，逻辑清晰。故选F项。【20题详析】由上文“Mostareoverlypositivewhenfirstmappingoutaexerciseplan.Infact,exerciseisn’tnecessarilyatmaximalintensity(最大强度)tobeeffective.Besides,youdon’thavetoexercisebefore,duringandafterworkeverydayinordertohityourgoals.(大多数人在第一次制定锻炼计划时都过于乐观。事实上，运动不一定达到最大强度才有效。此外，你不必为了实现目标而每天在上班前、上班中和下班后锻炼。)”可知，空格处需给出“更实际的运动建议”。E项“Instead,justputmoremovementintoyourpresentdailylife.(相反，只需在你现在的日常生活中增加更多活动量即可。)”符合语境，“Instead”承接前文“不必高强度、高频次运动”，“putmoremovementintoyourpresentdailylife”提出切实可行的做法，呼应“Berealistic”的段落主题。故选E项。第三部分语言知识运用（共四节，满分55分）第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。IhadthisgirlinmyclassandIalwaysconsideredhertobereallyfoolish.She’daskatonofquestionsinclass,whichIwould____21____tobe“stupid”and“silly”andsometimesherquestioncausedastormof____22____butshe’dneverstopasking.However,thefactwasthatshe’dalmostalwaystoptheclassexaminationsandeveryonewasconfused.Somestudentssaidshewas____23____becauseshewasn’tso____24____inclass.Althoughnobodycouldprovethatshewasactuallycheating,theytotally____25____thatshedid.I’mprettysociallyawkwardsoIneverreallytalkedtoher.ShewasleavingschoolthisyearandIwastruly____26____abouthowshewassogoodduringexamsandhowshedidn’tletother’sremarks(言论)affecther.SoI____27____decidedtofindoutwhatwasup.Shetoldmethatherfriendwasseverely(严重地)sociallyanxiousandshe’dfallenbehindinstudiesbecauseshecouldn’tdaretoaskdoubtsinclassoraskfor____28____fromothers.Sotheyhadthissystemwhereduringlecturesherfriendwould____29____anyquestionsshehad,andthenthegirlwould_____30_____themforher.Withherhelp,herfriendmade_____31_____,thoughthisgirlsufferedprejudice(偏见)forbeingstupidwhenshewasactuallyreallysmart.Itwassucha_____32_____storythatitreallychangedthewayI_____33_____people.Iwouldn’tbequicktojumptoconclusions.Italsotaughtmea_____34_____:standingbesideourfriendswhenthey_____35_____usisn’talwaysaneasychoice.Butwhenyoucareaboutthem,it’stheonlychoice.21.A.agree B.consider C.remember D.doubt22.A.noise B.sigh C.cry D.laughter23.A.cheating B.pretending C.playing D.studying24.A.active B.intelligent C.hard-working D.easy-going25.A.heard B.expected C.believed D.agreed26.A.curious B.worried C.crazy D.excited27.A.extremely B.finally C.naturally D.obviously28.A.leave B.advice C.help D.permission29.A.giveup B.debateabout C.turndown D.writedown30.A.explain B.repeat C.ask D.solve31.A.mistakes B.sense C.progress D.friends32.A.annoying B.interesting C.surprising D.touching33.A.judged B.described C.taught D.introduced34.A.way B.lesson C.strategy D.result35.A.change B.need C.refuse D.encourage【答案】21.B22.D23.A24.B25.C26.A27.B28.C29.D30.C31.C32.D33.A34.B35.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了班级里的一位学生总是在课堂上问愚蠢的问题，最后作者明白实际上她在课堂上问的问题都是为了帮助一位因严重社交焦虑而不敢在课堂上提问的朋友。文章旨在引导学生关爱身边的人，不随意评判他人，培养真善美的价值观。【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她会在课堂上问一大堆问题，我认为这些问题是“愚蠢的”和“愚蠢的”，有时她的问题会引起一阵哄堂大笑，但她永远不会停止问。A.agree同意；B.consider考虑；C.remember记得；D.doubt怀疑。根据空前句的“Ialwaysconsideredhertobereallyfoolish”可知，作者经常认为她很愚蠢，设空处是前句中“considered”的同词复现。故选B项。【22题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她会在课堂上问一大堆问题，我认为这些问题是“愚蠢的”和“愚蠢的”，有时她的问题会引起一阵哄堂大笑，但她永远不会停止问。A.noise噪声；B.sigh叹气；C.cry哭喊；D.laughter笑声。由前文“tobe“stupid”and“silly””可知，那个女孩总是问很多的愚蠢且荒唐的问题，故而会引起一阵哄堂大笑，laughter(笑声)符合语境。故选D项。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一些学生说她在作弊，因为她在课堂上不太聪明。A.cheating欺骗；B.pretending假装；C.playing玩；D.studying学习。根据下文中的“Althoughnobodycouldprovethatshewasactuallycheating”可知，没有人可以证实她的确是在作弊。由此可推知，此处表示有同学说她是在作弊，“cheating”同词复现。故选A项。【24题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一些学生说她在作弊，因为她在课堂上不太聪明。A.active积极的；B.intelligent聪明的；C.hard-working努力的；D.easy-going随和的。根据前文“sometimesherquestioncausedastormofbutshe’dneverstopasking.”可知，那个女孩在课堂上问的都是些愚蠢的问题。由此可推知，她在课堂中看起来应该不是很聪明的（intelligent）。故选B项。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然没人能证明她真的在作弊，但他们完全相信她是在作弊。A.heard听；B.expected期待；C.believed相信；D.agreed同意。根据上文“Althoughnobodycouldprovethatshewasactuallycheating”可知，此处表示尽管没人可以证明她在考试中作弊，但是每个人都完全相信（believed）她作弊。故选C项。【26题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她今年就要毕业了，我真的很好奇她为什么在考试中表现得那么好，她是如何不让别人的评论影响她的。A.curious好奇的；B.worried担心的；C.crazy疯狂的；D.excited兴奋的。由前文“However,thefactwasthatshe’dalmostalwaystoptheclassexaminationsandeveryonewasconfused.”可知，这位学生经常在课堂上问一些愚蠢的问题，但每次考试都在班里名列前茅，作者对此感到好奇（curious）。故选A项。【27题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：所以我最终决定搞清楚是怎么回事。A.extremely极度地；B.finally最终；C.naturally自然地；D.obviously明显地。根据上文“However,thefactwasthatshe’dalmostalwaystoptheclassexaminationsandeveryonewasconfused.”可知，我对女孩为何总问愚蠢问题却能考得很好充满好奇，因此最终（finally）决定找到原因。故选B项。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她告诉我，她的朋友有严重的社交焦虑，她在学习上落后了，因为她不敢在课堂上提出疑问，也不敢向别人寻求帮助。A.leave离开；B.advice建议；C.help帮助；D.permission允许。根据前文“becauseshecouldn’tdaretoaskdoubtsinclassoraskfor”可知，女孩的朋友在课堂上不敢提问，也不敢向他人寻求帮助（help）。故选C项。【29题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：所以他们有这样一个系统，在上课的时候，她的朋友会写下她的任何问题，然后女孩会帮她问。A.giveup放弃；B.debateabout辩论；C.turndown拒绝；D.writedown写下。由上文“Shetoldmethatherfriendwasseverely(严重地)sociallyanxious”可知，女孩的朋友社交焦虑程度很严重，不敢在课堂上提问，由此可推知，她会把课堂上遇到的问题写下来（writedown），然后这个女孩再帮她去问。故选D项。【30题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以他们有这样一个系统，在上课的时候，她的朋友会写下她的任何问题，然后女孩会帮她问。A.explain解释；B.repeat重复；C.ask问；D.solve解决。根据下文“Withherhelp”可知，此处指女孩替她的朋友问问题。本空是对上文多次出现的“ask”的同义词复现。故选C项。【31题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在她的帮助下，她的朋友取得了进步，尽管这个女孩遭受了愚蠢的偏见，但她实际上很聪明。A.mistakes错误；B.sense感觉；C.progress进步；D.friends朋友。根据前文“Withherhelp”可知，在女孩的帮助下，她的朋友在学业上取得了进步（progress）。故选C项。【32题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一个如此感人的故事，它真的改变了我评判别人的方式。A.annoying恼人的；B.interesting有趣的；C.surprising令人惊讶的；D.touching感人的。由上文可知，女孩帮助她有严重社交焦虑的朋友在课堂上提问，并帮她取得了进步，而这个女孩却因为问愚蠢的问题而遭受偏见。由此可推知，这是一个令人感动的（Touching）故事。故选D项。【33题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是一个如此感人的故事，它真的改变了我评判别人的方式。A.judged评判；B.described描述；C.taught教；D.introduced介绍。根据文章首句“IhadthisgirlinmyclassandIalwaysconsideredhertobereallyfoolish.”可知，作者刚开始认为那个女孩很傻，后文解释了女孩经常问一些愚蠢的问题的原因。由此可推知，作者经过这件事后改变了自己对他人的评判（judge）方式。故选A项。【34题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这也给了我一个教训：在朋友需要我们的时候站在他们身边并不总是一个容易的选择。A.way方式；B.lesson教训；C.strategy策略；D.result结果。根据下文“standingbesideourfriendswhentheyusisn’talwaysaneasychoice.Butwhenyoucareaboutthem,it’stheonlychoice.”可以推知，作者从这件事中也得到了一个经验教训，懂得一个道理：朋友有需要时我们站在他们身边给予支持是难能可贵的。teachsb.alesson为固定搭配，表示“给某人一个经验教训”，符合语境。故选B项。【35题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这也给了我一个教训：在朋友需要我们的时候站在他们身边并不总是一个容易的选择。A.change改变；B.need需要；C.refuse拒绝；D.encourage鼓励。由上文“standingbesideourfriendswhenthey”可知，作者从这个经历中感悟出来的道理：朋友需要（need）我们的时候在他们身边给予支持并不总是一件容易的事情。故选B项。第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）Newresearchshowsthattheaveragecostofraisingachildtotheageof18inChinain2021was485,000yuanforafirstchild,____36____isfarmorethan____37____intheUnitedStatesandJapan.Thehighcostofchild-raisingisonemore____38____(difficult)Chinesepolicymakersfacewhile____39____(deal)withrapidlydecreasingbirthrates.ExpertswarnChina’sagingpopulationwillputpressure____40____itshealthandsocialsecuritysystems.Adecreaseinworkerscouldalso_____41_____(serious)limitgrowthforthe