working-the-land学案2(高一英语)

课堂探究1．Whatdoyouthinkwouldhappeniftomorrowtherewassuddenlynoricetoeat?如果明天突然没有米可吃了，你认为会发生什么事呢？剖析：1)doyouthink属于插入语，置于特殊疑问词之后。句子的主干应是Whatwouldhappen？如：Whodoyouthinkwillcometohelpus?你认为谁将来帮助我们？2)该句中用了虚拟语气，表示与将来事实相反的假设。从句用一般过去时，主句中用“would/could/might/should＋动词原形”。要注意在使用虚拟语气时谓语动词的形式：从句谓语主句谓语现在情况一般过去时(be要用were)would/could/might/shoulddo将来情况一般过去时shoulddoweretodowould/could/might/shoulddo过去情况过去完成时，即haddonewould/could/might/shouldhavedone注意：如果if条件句中含有were，should，had，则可以将if省略，把were，should，had提到主语的前面。如：WereIyou，Iwouldn'tmakehimangry.如果我是你，我不会让他生气。Shouldhecome，Iwouldletyouknow.如果他来，我会让你知道。Hadtheysaidsorrytome，Iwouldhaveforgiventhem.如果他们向我道过歉，我就原谅他们了。单项填空1)IshouldnothavelaughedifI______youwereserious.A．thought B．wouldthinkC．hadthought D．havethought2)—Johnwenttothehospitalalone.—Ifhe______meaboutit，Iwouldhavegonewithhim.A．shouldtell B．tells C．told D．hadtold完成句子3)____________(你认为他们什么时候)willbeback?4)____________(如果我是你)，Ishouldn'tdothat.答案：1)C2)D3)Whendoyouthinkthey4)IfIwereyou/WereIyou2．Indeed，hissunburntfaceandarmsandhisslim，strongbodyarejustlikethoseofmillionsofChinesefarmers，forwhomhehasstruggledforthepastfivedecades.的确，他被太阳晒得黝黑的脸庞和手臂，以及他那瘦削而又结实的身躯，就跟其他千百万中国农民一样，过去50年来，他一直在努力帮助他们。剖析：1)本句中含有一个定语从句forwhomhehasstruggledforthepastfivedecades，修饰先行词Chinesefarmers。该定语从句的引导词是“介词＋whom”的形式。如：Iwon'tforgettheoldworkerwithwhomIworkedforthreeyears.我不会忘记那位老工人，我和他在一起工作了三年。2)those代替前面的名词hissunburntfaceandarmsandhisslim，strongbody。考点strugglevi.&n．斗争；拼搏；努力Hehasstruggledagainstillnessformanyyears.他与疾病斗争很多年了。Theyoungmanisstrugglingforhisfuture.这个年轻人在为自己的将来拼搏。Abirdwascaughtinthenetandwasstrugglingtogetfree.一只鸟被网罩住了，挣扎着想要逃脱。Itwasahardstruggletogetmyworkdoneintime.为使工作按时完成，我作了一番艰苦的努力。归纳：struggleagainst的含义是“同……作斗争”。strugglefor的含义是“为……奋斗”。struggletodosth的含义是“挣扎着做某事”。struggle作名词时是可数名词。单项填空1)Inourclassthereare46students，______halfwearglasses.A．inwhom B．inthemC．ofwhom D．ofthem2)Adolescenceisadifficultperiodoflife，oftencharacterizedbya______individualindependence.A．strugglewith B．struggletoC．strugglefor D．struggleagainst翻译句子3)那个小孩在我怀里挣扎。________________________________________________________________________4)那时他们为了生存而斗争。________________________________________________________________________答案：1)C2)C3)Thatchildisstrugglinginmyarms.4)Atthattimetheystruggledforaliving.3．YuanLongpingsearchedforawaytoincreasericeharvestswithoutexpandingtheareaofthefields.袁隆平要在不增加土地面积的基础上寻求增收稻谷的途径。剖析：句子中的动词不定式短语toincreasericeharvests在句子中作定语，修饰away。如：Canyouthinkofawaytosolvetheproblem?你能想出一个办法来解决这个问题吗？考点expandvt.&vi.使变大；伸展Sheexpandedherstorebyaddingasecondroom.她通过再增加一间房子来扩大自己的商店。Theflowersexpandedinthesunshine.花儿在阳光下开放了。Ourforeigntradehasexpandedgreatlyinrecentyears.我国的对外贸易近几年来已有很大发展。考点延伸1)expand还有“细说；阐述”的含义。如：Youmentionedtheneedforextrafunding.Wouldyoupleaseexpandonthat?你提到了增加资金的必要性，请你充分叙述一下好吗？归纳：expand作“细说；阐述”讲时，常与介词on连用。2)expand的名词为expansion。expansion作“扩大；膨胀”等讲时，是不可数名词；作“扩大物；增加部分”讲时，则是可数名词。3)辨析expand与extend：expand是“范围”扩张；extend意为“延伸”，也有“扩张”的意思。单项填空1)Whenreading，youshould______yourattentiononthemainideaandthestructureofthepassage，notonspecificwordsorsentences.A．pay B．focus C．put D．expand2)Metals______whentheyareheated.A．enlargeB．expand C．extend D．stretch用expand的适当形式填空3)Hebreatheddeeplyand______hischest.4)Manyoldfactories____________inrecentyears.答案：1)B2)B3)expanded4)havebeenexpanded4．Thankstohisresearch，theUNhasmoretoolsinthebattletoridtheworldofhunger.多亏了他的研究，联合国在消除世界饥饿的战斗中又多了些方法。剖析：thankstohisresearch在句子中作原因状语。考点一thanksto幸亏；由于；因为Thankstoyou，Iwassavedfromdrowning.幸亏有你，我才没淹死。Thankstotheeffortsbytheheadmaster，Icangobacktoschoolnow.由于校长的努力，我现在又能回学校上学了。Hewascriticizedthankstohisbeinglate.他因为迟到受到了批评。归纳：thanksto相当于becauseof，具有介词性质，后可接sb，sth_或动名词短语。考点延伸同义词：becauseof，owingto，dueto考点二rid...of摆脱；除去Hefinallyridhimselfofallfinancialworries.他终于使自己摆脱了所有的财政忧虑。Youhaveridyourselfofthatbadhabit.你已经改掉了那个坏习惯。归纳：rid的过去式和过去分词均是rid。考点延伸1)近义词：free...of使摆脱……breakawayfrom脱离，摆脱2)rid的常用短语归纳：beridof摆脱掉getridof摆脱掉；除掉；处理掉如：Iamgladtoberidofhim.我很高兴摆脱了他。We'llhavetogetridofhim.我们必须摆脱掉他。Hehopestogetridofhisbadhabits.他希望除掉他的坏习惯。3)用于“动词＋某人＋of＋某物”的常见短语还有：①robsbofsth抢劫某人某物②remindsbofsth提醒某人某事③informsbofsth通知某人某事④convincesbofsth使某人信服某事⑤asksbofsth问及某人某事⑥expectsbofsth期望某人某事(物)⑦requiresbofsth要求某人某事(物)单项填空1)______yourtimelyhelp，otherwise，wewouldn'thavefinishedtheworkaheadoftime.A．Because B．For C．Thanksto D．Thanksof2)Wehopethatwecan______theworld______wars，killingsandeverythingelsethatisbad.A．getridof；by B．beridof；byC．rid；of D．getrid；of3)Youshould______thesebadhabits.A．getyourselfridof B．ridyourselfofC．getridofyourselfwith D．ridofyourselfwith翻译句子4)她最终不再牙疼了。________________________________________________________________________答案：1)C2)C3)B4)Finallyshewas/gotridofthetoothache.5．Usinghishybridrice，farmersareproducingharveststwiceaslargeasbefore.用他的杂交水稻种子，农民们种出的粮食比以前多了一倍。剖析：1)本句中的现在分词短语usinghishybridrice作方式状语。动词的现在分词除了作方式状语外，也可以作时间状语、原因状语或结果状语。2)as...as前可以用表示倍数的词来修饰，如half，aquarter，twice，threetimes等，意为“是……多少倍”。倍数的表达可用下面五个句型：①倍数＋as＋形容词/副词原级＋as②倍数＋形容词/副词比较级＋than③倍数＋the＋名词(size，length，width，height，amount等)＋of④倍数＋what＋clause⑤by＋倍数Thistreeisthreetimesastallasthatone.这棵树的高度是那棵树的三倍。TheYangtzeRiverisalmosttwicelongerthanthePearlRiver.长江差不多是珠江的三倍长。Thenewlybroadenedsquareisfourtimesthesizeofthepreviousone.新扩建的广场的面积是未扩建时的四倍。Theproductionofourfactoryisfivetimeswhatitwasfiveyearsago.我们工厂的产量是五年前的五倍。Comparedwiththatoflastyear，ourcoaloutputhasincreasedbyfourtimes.与去年相比，我们的煤的产量增加了四倍。归纳：time表示倍数，一般只限于表示基数词在内的三倍或三倍以上；若表示两倍，可用副词twice或形容词double。time表示的倍数也可以用分数、百分数或某些表程度的副词替换。单项填空1)ThenewstadiumbeingbuiltforthenextAsianGameswillbe______thepresentone.A．asthreetimesbigas B．threetimesasbigasC．asbigasthreetimes D．asbigthreetimesas2)Ourcityhasdevelopedintoabigcity，whichis______itusedtobe.A．fourtimeslargerthanthat B．fourtimesthesizeofwhatC．fourtimesthesizelargerthanwhat D．asfourtimesthesizeasthat3)Lily'sbaglookedjustthesameasMary's，butitcost______hers.A．asmuchtwiceas B．twiceasmuchasC．muchastwiceas D．astwicemuchas单句改错4)Notknownwhattodo，weturnedtohimforhelp.________________________________________________________________________5)Hisroomisthreetimessizeofours.________________________________________________________________________答案：1)B2)B3)B4)known→knowing5)在times和size之间加the6．YuanLongpingisquitesatisfiedwithhislife.袁隆平很满意他的生活。考点besatisfiedwith对……感到满意Oneshouldn'tbesatisfiedwithonlyalittlesuccess.一个人不应该只因一点小成就而感到满足。考点延伸1)同义词：becontentwith，bepleasedwith，begladwith2)besatisfiedtodosth对做……感到满意。如：Hewassatisfiedtowintherace.他对赢得赛跑感到满意。3)satisfying和satisfied的区别：satisfying令人满意的，使人满足的。如：asatisfyinganswer令人满意的回答satisfied感到满意的，满足的。如：asatisfiedsmile满意的微笑4)同根词及其常用短语：①satisfyvt.使满足satisfyone'sneeds满足某人的需要②satisfactionn．满足；令人满意的事toone'ssatisfaction＝tothesatisfactionofsb使某人满意的是withsatisfaction满意地单项填空1)Thegovernmenttrieditsbestto______thepeople'sneeds，butthepeoplewerestillnot______.Infact，whatthegovernmentdidwasnot______.A．satisfy；satisfying；satisfiedB．satisfy；satisfied；satisfyingC．satisfied；satisfied；satisfyingD．satisfying；satisfied；satisfied2)Shewas______theresult.Weknewitfromher______look.A．satisfyingwith；satisfiedB．satisfiedwith；satisfiedC．satisfiedwith；satisfyingD．satisfyingwith；satisfying3)Thosegirlsgaveawonderfulandimpressingconcert.Theirparentswatchedandnoddedtheirheads______satisfaction.A．inB．with C．for D．of选择正确的词填空(satisfying，satisfied)4)Helookedathischildrenwitha______smile.5)Heofferedusa______answer.答案：1)B2)B3)B4)satisfied5)satisfying7．Hewouldmuchratherkeeptimeforhishobbies.他宁愿把时间花在自己的业余爱好上。考点wouldrather宁愿；宁可Ifyouwouldratherbealone，we'llallleavehere.如果你宁愿独自一人，那我们都离开这儿。归纳：wouldrather后接动词原形。考点延伸wouldratherdosth的否定形式为wouldrathernotdosth。wouldrather没有人称和数的变化，它通常用于以下两种句型：1)eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(wouldratherdo...thando...,woulddo...ratherthando...))宁愿做……不愿做……IwouldratherstayathomethangooutonSunday.星期天我宁愿待在家里也不愿外出。Thechildrenwouldwalkratherthantakeabus.孩子们宁愿步行也不愿乘公共汽车。2)wouldrather(that)sbdidsth/haddonesth宁愿某人……(从句的谓语动词用虚拟语气)Iwouldratheryoucamewithus.我宁愿你跟我们一起。(表示与现在或将来事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时)I'dratheryouhadn'tdonethat.我宁愿你没做那件事。(表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用过去完成时)归纳：wouldrather后接句子用虚拟语气时，其后的从句应用一般过去时来表示现在或将来的动作，用过去完成时来表示过去的动作。单项填空1)Georgeisgoingtotalkaboutthegeographyofhiscountry，butI'dratherhe______moreonitsculture.A．focusB．focusedC．wouldfocus D．hadfocused2)YuanLongpingisquitesatisfiedwithhislifeandhe______keeptimeforhishobbies______spendmoneyonhimselforleadacomfortablelife.A．hadrather；than B．wouldrather；thanC．couldrather；than D．preferto；ratherthan3)Don'tcometonight.Iwouldratheryou______tomorrow.A．come B．came C．willcome D．coming单句改错4)IwouldratherIhaven'tgonetothetheatreyesterday.________________________________________________________________________答案：1)B2)B3)B4)haven't→hadn't8．Spendingmoneyonhimselforleadingacomfortablelifealsomeansverylittletohim.在自己身上花钱享受或者过舒适的生活对他来说一点也不重要。剖析：动名词短语spendingmoneyonhimselforleadingacomfortablelife在句中作主语。考点延伸1)动词­ing形式作主语时，常常为了保持句子的平衡，用it来作形式主语。如：Itisnouseaskinghimforhelp.向他求助是没有用的。2)主语用了动词­ing形式，表语和宾语也要用动名词，这在英语中称为对称性。如：Seeingisbelieving.眼见为实。3)动词­ing形式和不定式作主语时的不同：①不定式作主语常表示具体的某一动作；而动词­ing形式作主语则表示泛指或一般的抽象的概念。如：Joggingisagoodformofexerciseforbothyoungandold.对于青年人和老年人来说，慢跑是一种好的锻炼方式。②在“There/It＋be＋nouse(good/help/need...)”结构之后常用动词­ing形式作主语，而较少用不定式。如：It/Thereisnousetalkingwithhim.和他谈话是没有用的。但如果该句型中出现了for引出的不定式逻辑主语，就只能用不定式。如：Thereisnohelpforyoutotakethemedicine.你吃这种药是不起作用的。③不定式可以和when，where，how，what，whether等连用，而动词­ing形式则不能。如：Howtosolvetheproblemisahotpotato.如何解决这个问题真让人头疼。单项填空1)Lucy，whynotbringalongsomeskincarecreamforthetrip？Tomyknowledge，______tosunlightinHainanwillsurelyburnyourskin.A．beingexposed B．exposedC．tobeexposed D．toexpose2)It'snouse______withhim.A．argue B．toarguing C．arguing D．argued答案：1)A2)C9．Hethereforegivesmillionsofyuantoequipothersfortheirresearchinagriculture.于是，他拿出好几百万元帮助其他人进行农业科学研究。考点一thereforeadv.因此；所以；因而I'veneverbeentoItalyandthereforeIdon'tknowmuchaboutit.我从未去过意大利，因此我对它并不太了解。Hehadgone；shethereforegavethemoneytome.他已经走了，因而她把钱给了我。考点延伸同义词：so，thus考点二equipvt.&vi.配备；装备Schoolsinthenorthtendtobewellequipped，whilethoseinthesoutharerelativelypoor.北方的学校常常配备良好，然而南方的学校相对来说配备差一些。Pleaseequipyourselfwithasharppencilandarubberfortheexam.请准备一支削好的铅笔和一块橡皮参加考试。Theyequippedthemselvesfortheexpedition.他们为远征而武装自己。归纳：1)equip的过去式和过去分词需要双写最后一个字母p再加­ed。2)equip与介词with连用，意思是“用……配备/装备”；与介词for连用，表示“为……而武装/装备”。考点延伸派生词：equipmentn．装备，设备Theyaregoingtobuysomemodernequipment.他们打算购买一些现代设备。归纳：equipment是不可数名词。