高考英语专题阅读理解之词义猜测题解题技法学生版

高考英语专题阅读理解之词义猜测题解

题技法学生版

阅读理解之词义猜测题解题技法

一.设问方式

Bysayingthat…"inthefirst(second...)paragraph,theauthormeansthat________.

InParagraph…"canbereplacedby“

Themeaningof”…"inParagraph...isrelatedto.

Whichofthefollowinghastheclosestmeaningto...(Paragraph...)?

AsisusedinLine…，theword”…"refersto________.

Theunderlinedsentenceinthe...paragraphprobablymeansthat.

二.词义猜测题7大猜词技巧

要做好词义猜测题，考生除了必须熟练掌握《考试大纲》规定的词汇外，在平时的

训练中还要注意积累生词和短语，掌握构词法的基本知识，对于各种前、后缀的变化形

式了然于心，还要学会根据上下文语境进行合理推测，掌握一定的解题技巧。

1.根据定义或上下文解释进行猜测

有时短文中出现一个需要猜测其意义的词或短语，下面接着出现其定义或解释。标

点符号，如逗号后的解释(名词同位语)、破折号后的解释、括号内的解释等。这都是判

断该词或短语意义的主要依据。例如：

①Annealingisawayofmakingmetalsofterbyhealingi(and(henlettingi(cool

veryslowly.

句子给予了annealing—个明确的定义，即“退火”。

(2)11willbeveryhardbutalsoverybrittle—thatis,itwillbreakeasily.

从thatis(也就是说)后的解释中我们可以了解到，brittle是“脆的”意思c

③Theherdsman,v/holooksaftersheep,earnsabout650yuanayear.

定语从句中looksaftersheep就表明了herdsman的词义为“牧人”。

④Theweatherinthisareaistreacherous;itssuddenchangesoftenendanger

thelivesofsailors.

分号后的句子在解释什么样的天气是treacherous,suddenchange与

treacherous在语义上相对应，因此含义是“突变的”。

⑤Somegoodreadersfindithelpfultousetheirsensetovisualize一

orpicture—what(heyread.

visualize的意思由破折号后的picture(想象)给出了说明，因此含义为“想象”。

©WhenPresidentTorrijosofPanamametCarter,hetriedtogivehim

afriendlyabrazo(hug).

abrazo对大多数人来说都很陌生，但由括号内的hug(拥抱)，我们不难推测abrazo

也是“拥抱”的意思。

例子1

Soonafterwards,manyofthosepeoplestartedsettlingdowntobecomefarmers,and

（heirlanguagestoobecamemoresettledandfewerinnumber.Inrecentcenturies,trade,

industrialisation,（hedevelopmentofthenationstateandihespreadofuniversal

compulsoryeducation,especiallyglobalisationandbettercommunicationsinthepastfew

decades,allhavecausedmanylanguagestodisappear,anddominantlanguagessuchas

English,SpanishandChineseareincreasinglytakingover.

29.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“dominant”underlinedinparagraph2?

A.Complex.B.Advanced.

C.Powerful.D.Modern.

［分析］根据画线词所在句子可知，人类社会发展的很多因素导致许多语言消失，

而逐渐被英语、西班牙语、汉语等语言取代，画线词前后的解释暗示了这些语言逐渐占

主导地位，故选C项powerfu1（强大的，有影响力的）。

2.根据同位关系进行猜测

阅读中出现的难词有时后面紧跟一个同位语，对前面的词进行解释，因此可利,用同

位关系对前面的词义或句意进行猜测。例如：

①Theytraveledalongway,atlastgottoacastle,alargebuildingin

oldtimes.

同位语部分“alargebuiIdinginoldtimes”给出了castle的确切词义，即

古时候的“城堡”。

②Weareonthenightshift—frommidnightto8a.m.—thisweek.

两个破折号之间的短语很清楚地表明nightshift是“夜班”的意思。

③The“Chunncl”,atunnel（隧道）connectingEnglandandFrance,isnow

complete.

此句中"atunnel（隧道）connectingEnglandandFrancen是Chunnel的同

位语。因此，Chunnel指的就是英法之间的海底隧道。

例子2

!amPeterHodes,avolunteerstemcellcourier.SinceMarch2012,I'vedone89trips

ofthose,51havebeenabroad.Ihave42hourstocarrystemcells（干细胞）inmylittle

boxbecauseI'vegottwoicepacksand（hat'showlongtheylast.Inall,fromthetimethe

stemcellsareharvestedfromadonor（捐献者）tothe（imetheycanbeimplantedinthe

patient,we'vegot72hoursatmost.SoIamalwaysconsciousoftime.

29.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword"courier“inParagraph

1?

A.providerB.deliveryman

C.collectorD.medicaldoctor

［分析］“avolunteerstemcellcourier"是“PeterHodes”的同位语;根据文中“Ihave

42hourstocarrystemcells（干细胞）inmylittlebox”可知,PeterHodes的任务就是将

捐献者捐献的干细胞运送给需要的病人，即作者是干细胞递送员。故选择B项。

3.根据构词法（前缀、后缀、派生等）进行猜测

在英语中，有很多词可以通过增加前缀和后缀的方式，构成新词。乍看起来，这个

词可能是新词，但在掌握了一定的构词知识之后，就不难猜出它的词义。例如：

①“Ourpartiesarcaimedforchildren2to10,“Anacleriosaid,

“andtheytreveryinteractiveandcreativeinthattheybuiltasenseofdramabased

onasubject.5,

文中interactive是由前缀inter（相互的）和active（活动的，活跃的）构成的，

同时根据上下文的意思可以判断，该词的含义应是“互动的”。

②Perhaps,wecanseesomepossibilitiesfornextfiftyyears.Butthenext

hundred?

possibility是possible的同根名词,据此可以判断possibility的意思是“可能性

例子3

Asilenceinaconversationmayalsoshowstubbornness,uneasiness,orworry.

［分析］根据构词法知识我们可知，un为否定前缀，ncss为名词后缀，easy（舒适）

为词根。因此，我们可猜测uneasiness为“不安;担忧”之意。

4.根据因果关系进行猜测

在一篇阅读文章中，根据原因可以预测结果，根据结果也可以找出原因。例如：

①Thelackofmovementcausedthemusclestoweaken.Sometimesthe

weaknesswasDermanent.Sotheplayercouldneverplaythesportagain.

从后面的结果“永远不能再运动”可以推测permanent的意思为“永远的，永久

的”。

②Marydidn，tnoticemewhenIcameintotheclassroom,becauseshe

wascompletelyengrossedinherreading.

从前面的结果“当我走进教室时，玛丽没有注意到我”可以推测engrossed的意思

为“全神贯注的”。

③Ourvisionwasobscuredby（hetrees,sowecouldn'tseethelakefromour

window.

由后面的结果couldn'tsee（看不见）可知，我们的视线被树遮挡住（obscured）了。

例子4

Ifyouhaveajuicei\youcansimplyfeedinfrozenbananasandsomeberriesor

slicedfruit.Outcomesa“softserve"creamydessert,tobeeatenrightaway.Thismakesa

funactivityforachildren'sparty;theylovefeeding（hefruitandfrozenbananasintothe

topofthemachineandwatchingtheicecreamcomeoutbelow.

26.Whatis"ajuicer”inthelastparagraph?

A.Adessert.B.Adrink.

C.Acontainer.D.Amachine.

［分析］该段第一句含有一个if引导的条件状语从句，若满足该条件，则产生的结果是

第一句的后半句和第二句，“youcansimplyfeedinfrozenbananasandsomeberriesor

slicedfruit.Outconicsaisoftscrvc,creamydessert,tobeeatenrightaway."即“将冰冻香

蕉和其他莓类、水果片放进去，出来的是奶油状甜品”。由此因果关系可推知juicer指

的是榨汁机。故选择D项。

5.根据上下文的指代关系进行猜测

［分析］根据该段第一句"Adultsunderstandwhatitfeelsliketobefloodedwithobjects/*

可知，作者认为成年人都理解物质过剩的那种感觉，后面又用反问句提出了问题：但是,

说到孩子们和他们的物品，我们为什么通常又认定moreismore呢？由此推知，这里的

moreismore与前面的floodedwith为近义呼应,指“越多越好故选A。

7.根据转折或对比关系进行猜测

根据上下句的连接词，如but,however,otherwise等可以推断上下文之间的逻

辑关系，从而可以依据某一句的含义，来确定另一句的含义。另外，分号也可以表示转

折、对比或不相干的意义。例如：

①Achild'sbirthdaypartydoesn'thavetobeahassle;itcanbeabasket

offun.

从分号前后两句的意思可以看出，hassle和abasketoffun是相反的意义，所

以不难判断hassle的意思是“困难，麻烦”。

②Sheisusuallypromptforallherclass,buttodayshearrivedinthemiddleof

herfirstclass.

but一词表示转折，因此bul前后的意思正好相反。根据后半句的意思“她今天第一

节课上了一半才来”，可得出她平时一向“淮时”的结论。

③TheplayersintheWorldCupareprofessionals,whilethosewho

playinthe01ympicsmustbeamaleurs.

由于转折词“while”引导的两个分句前后意义相反，我们可推测出amateurs是

professionals（专业人二）的反义词，意思为“业余人士，业余选手”。

例子7…

GraywolvesoncewereseenhereandthereintheYellowstoneareaandmuchofthe

continentalUnitedStates.buttheyweregraduallydisplacedbyhumandevelopment.By

the1920s,wolveshadpracticallydisappearedfromtheYellowstonearea.Theywent

farthernorthintothedeepforestsofCanada,wheretherewerefewerhumansaround.

29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“displaced“inparagraph2mean?

A.Tested.B.Separated.

C.Forcedout.D.Trackeddown.

［分析］画线词的前句说明在黄石公园和美洲大部分地区曾有许多的灰狼，连词

but转折了句子意义，后来由于人类的发展，灰狼数审逐渐减少，几乎消失，由此可推

断出画线词的意思为“被迫离开”，故选择C项。

2021新高考1卷

WhentheexplorersfirstsetfootuponthecontinentofNorthAmerica,theskiesand

landswerealivewithanastonishingvarietyofwildlife.NativeAmericanshadtakencare

ofthesepreciousnaturalresourceswisely.Unfortunately,ittooktheexplorersandthe

settlerswhofollowedonlyafewdecadestodecimatealargepartoftheseresources.

Millionsofwaterfowl（水禽）werekilledatthehandsofmarkethuntersandahandful

ofoverlyambitioussportsmen.Millionsofacresofwetlandsweredriedtofeedandhouse

theever-increasingpopulations,greatlyreducingwaterfowlhabitat.

In1934,with（hepassageoftheMigratoryBirdHuntingStampAct（Act）,an

increasinglyconcernednationtookfirmactiontostopthedestructionofmigratory（迁徙

的）waterfowlandthewetlandssovitaltotheirsurvival.UnderthisAct,allwaterfowl

hunters16yearsofageandovermustannuallypurchaseandcarryaFederalDuckStamp.

TheveryfirstFederalDuckStampwasdesignedbyJ.N.“Ding”Darling,apolitical

cartoonistfromDesMoines,Iowa,whoatthattimewasappointedbyPresidentFranklin

RooseveltasDirectorofIheBureauofBiologicalSurvey.Hunterswillinglypaythe

stamppricetoensure（hesurvivalofournaturalresources.

About98centsofeveryduckstampdollargoesdirectlyintotheMigratoryBird

ConservationFundtopurchasewetlandsandwildlifehabitatforinclusionintothe

NationalWildlifeRefugeSystem—afacttliatensuresthislandwillbeprotectedand

availableforallgenerationstocome.Since1934,betterthanhalfabilliondollarshas

goneintothatFundtopurchasemorethan5millionacresofhabitat.Littlewonderthe

FederalDuckStampProgramhasbeencalledoneofthemostsuccessfulconservation

programseverinitiated.

28.WhatwasacauseofthewaterfowlpopulationdeclineinNorthAmerica?

A.Lossofwetlands.B.Popularityofwatersports.

C.Pollutionofrivers.D.Arrivalofotherwildanimals.

29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“decimate”meaninthefirstparagraph?

A.Acquire.B.Export.

C.Destroy.D.Distribute.

30.WhatisadirectresultoftheActpassedin1934?

A.Thestamppricehasgonedown.B.Themigratorybirdshaveflownaway.

C.Thehuntershavestoppedhunting.D.Thegovernmenthascollectedmoney.

31.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?

ATheFederalDuckStampStoryB.TheNationalWildlifeRefugeSystem

C.TheBenefitsofSavingWaterfowlD.TheHistoryofMigratoryBirdHunting

Identifyingthechemicalmakeupofpigment（颜料jusedinancientdocuments,

paintings,andwatercolorsiscriticaltorestoringandconservingthepreciousartworks.

However,despitenumerousefforts,scientistshadbeenunabletodeterminethesourceof

folium,apopularbluedysusedtocolormanuscripts（手稿）inEuropeduringthemiddle

ages—fromthe5thtothe15thcentury.Now,researchersfromPortugalhavefinally

uncoveredthemysteriousingredientresponsibleforthegorgeousbluish-purplecolorthat

helpedbringancientillustrationstolife.

“Thisistheonlymedieval（中世名己的）colorbasedonorganicdyesthatwedidn't

haveastructurefor."saysMariaJoaoMelo,anassocia:cprofessorattheDepartmentof

ConservationandRestorationatNOVAUniversityofLisbon."Weneedtoknowwhat's

inmedievalmanuscriptillustrationsbecausewewanttopreservethesebeautifulcolors

forfuturegenerations/'

TheresearchteambeganbyporingoverinstructionspennedbyEuropeandye

makersfromthe12th,14ih,andI5（hcenturies.Theyfeundwhat（heywereseekingina

15th-centurytextentitledTheBookonHowtoMakeAl!theColorPaintsforIlluminating

Books.However,translatingtheinstructionswasnoeasytask.Itwaswritteninthenow

extinctJudaeo-Portugueselanguage,andthoughthesourceofthedyewastracedbackto

aplant,nonamewasmentioned.

However,bypiecingtogethersuggestionsfromthetext,thescientistswereableto

determinethatthedyewasmadefromthebluish-greenberriesofthechrozophora

tinctoriaplant.Afteranextensivesearch,theteamfoundafewvarietiesoftheplant

growingalongtheroadsidenearthetownofMonsarazinsouthPortugal.

Thedetailedinstructionsgavetheresearcherscriticalcluestosuccessfullyrecreate

(hedye."Youneedtosqueezethefruits,beingcarefulnottobreaktheseeds,andthento

putthemonlinen(亚麻布)Thescientistsaysthedetailwasimportantsincebroken

seedspolluted(hepigment,producinganinferiorqualityink.Thedyedlinen,whichwas

lefttodry,wasanefficientwaytostoreandtransportthepigmentduringancienttimes.

Whenneeded,theartistwouldsimplycutoffapieceoftheclothanddipitwithwaterto

squeezeoutthebluecolor.

Oncethekeyingredienthadbeenidentified,theresearchersbeganthenextstepand

theprimarypurposeoftheirstudy—determiningthedye'schemicalstructure.Totheir

surprise,theyfoundthatfoliumwasnotlikeanyotherknownpermanentbluedyes—it

wasanentirelynewclassofcolor,onetheynamedchrozophoridin.t€Chrozophoridinwas

oftenusedinancienttimestomakeabeautifulbluedyeforpainting.theteamwrotein

thestudy.Now,theresearcherscanfurtherstudythestabilityofthedye,aswellashowit

respondstofactorsthatrr.aywearandbreakitdownovertime."Thisisessentialifwe

desiretomakethesecolorslastforever—oratleastaslongaspossible,“Melosaid.

27.Accordingtothepassage,foliumis.

A.anancientpaintingB.anorganicbluepigment

C.acolorfulmanuscriptD.amysteriousingredient

28.Theunderlinedphrase“poringover''inPara.3probablymeans.

A.followingstrictlyB.testingrepeatedly

C.discussingpubliclyD.readingcarefully

29.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.Foliumcanbestoredandusedeasily.

B.Foliumwassqueezedfrombrokenseeds.

C.Thestabilityoffoliumhasbeenconfirmedbyresearchers.

D.Thechemicalstructureoffoliumresemblesthatofotherdyes.

30.Whichwouldbe(hebesttitleforthispassage?

A.Whatshouldbedonetomakeancientbluedyeslast.

B.Whenandwherethediscoveryofthedyewasmade.

C.Whytheresearcherstookthetroubletostudythedye.

D.Howthemysteryofa1000-year-oldbluedyewassolved.

Iwassittingalmykitchentabletheotherdaywithapen,notebook,calculatorar.da

pileofbills.Iwasdoingmymonthlybudget.Therewerebillsforelectricwater,rent,

insurance,thecarpayment,thephonebill,andthecablebill.Plusmoneyneededtobeset

asideforfood,gas,clothesandhopefullyalittleleftovertosaveforthoseunexpected

billsthatalwaysseemedioshowup.WhenIwasdone,Ishookmyhead,closedmyeyes

andthoughtofatimelongagowhenIwouldregularlygettreasures.

WhenIwasaboy,welivedacrosstheroadfromCampCaesar.Itheldweeklong

campsallthroughthesummerandmygrandmawhoIlovinglycalled“Nanny“workedin

herbigkitchen.Irememberslippingtheregettingasmile,ahug,akissanda

hotrollfromNanny.Thenshewouldalwaystakedeepinherpocketsandpullouta

treasure,ashinyquarter.ShewouldgiveittomeandIwouldrundownthehilltoeither

getanicccoldcanofcokefromthepopmachineorIwouldheadtothecamp's

swimmingpoolwhereIcouldbuyawarmcupofcherrycokefor15centsandatiny10

centbagofchipsfromastand.Ilookmylimebecauseitwasalwaysabigdecision.It

wasnicetoofeelingsorichforafewminutes.

LookingbacknowIcanseethattherealtreasurewasnot(hequarteratall.Itwasthe

lovewithwhichNannygaveittome.IwouldhavestillvisitedheratworkeverydayifI

hadnevergottenasinglequarter.Itwashersmile,hugs,andkissesthatwerepricelessin

myheartthenandnow.

Theoldsayingistrue,"Withyourworkyoucanmakealiving,butitiswithyour

lovethatyoumakealife."Youcanalwayswelcomeloveintoyourheart,soulandmind.

Andyoucanalwaysshareyourlovewithothers.Ilisthatonetreasurethatlastsforever.

4.According(oParagraphI,whatwastheauthortryingtofigureout?

A.Wheretogettreasures.B.Whatfoodandsuppliestobuy.

C.Howtosortoutthesebillsathand.D.Howtobalancethemoneyavailable.

5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“roll”inParagraph2referto?

A.AkindofbreadB.Akindofact.

C.Asound.D.Agreeting.

6.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesNanny?

A.Considerate.B.Generous.

C.Affectionate.D.Enthusiastic.

7.Whydoestheauthormention(heoldsayinginthelastParagraph?

A.Tochangepeople'sheartandsoul.

B.Toshowwhatweshouldvalueinlife.

C.Toexplainworkandlovecanmakealife.

D.Toadvisemoreloveandsharinginchildhood.

-四

PrivateButler(管家)

Typicalsalary:£60,000to£90,000,ormore."Anentrylevelbutlerwe'vetrained

willwalkintoasalaryof£35,000,whileaveryexperiencedprivatebutlercanearnupto

£150,000,"saysSaraVestin,directoroftheBritishButlerAcademy.

Thejob:Aprivatebutlercanbecalledonbyhisorheremployertodoanything

fromwardrobemanagementtochauffcuringtopetcare.Typicaldutiesincludemanaging

otherstaff,servingateverymeal,runningerrands,lookingafterguests,booking

restaurants,housesecurity,housekeeping,cookingandanythingelsethehouseholdneeds.

Butmostofall,it'spersonalservice,tailoredtotheverywealthyindividualthebutler

worksfor.

Qualifications:Nospecialqualificationsarerequired,butit'sadvisable(odoa

courseatatrainingcollegesuchasVestin'sBritishButlerAcademyortheBritishButler

Institute."RecruitmentconsultantsandVIPclientscometoourmansiontoscoutoutthe

goodstudents."Vestinsays.

Tosucceedasabutler,youneed...a4servicemind',saysVestin.Youmusthavethe

mindsetofsomeonewhogenuinelythrivesonlookingafterothers."Youcannotdothe

jobwithoutthis,evenifyouwereanamazingactor.Sonepeoplehaveitandsome

don't."Also,shesays,it'sessentialtohaveaneyefordetail,asteadyhandandthe

abilitytodealwithallsortsofpeople.

Worstthingaboutthejob:Longhoursandanunpredictableworkschedulemean

it'sdifficulttohaveafamilylife.Butlersalsosufferfromisolationandcultural

differenceswiththeiremployerandtheymaybeobligedtoworkfbrpeoplewhoaren't

alwaysnice.

60.Whichofthefollowingistrueofabutler?

A.Acourseatatrainingcollegeisamustinordertogetthejob.

B.Abutlershouldbeable（otailorhisservicetohisclients.

C.Malebutlersarcfavoredoverfemaleones.

D.Thereisnoceilingofsalary.

61.Theunderlinedword'thriveson“inthepassageprobablymeans.

A.isremindedof.

B.iscapableof.

C.isconvincedof.

D.isinfavourof.

62.Whichisnotthedownsideofbeingabutler?

A.Culturalmisunderstandingmayarise.

B.Thejobmaymakeone'sfamilylifedifficult.

C.Sometimestheyhavetoworkforimpoliteclients.

D.Theymayenjoythecompanyofhisorherclients.

五

AsmallbowlboughtatayardsaleinConnecticutforjust$35hasbeenidentifiedas

arare15th-centuryChineseantique.

Theblue-and-whitebowlwasmadebyChina'sroyalcourtduringtheMingdynasty.

Itisnowexpectedtosellforupto$500,000,accordingtoSotheby'sauclion（拍卖）house

inNewYork,wheretheauctionwilllakeplacenextmonth.

ThepurchasewasmadelastyearnearNewHaven,Connecticut.t4Iwasjusthanging

aroundthereaimlessly.ButwhenIsawthisbowl,1didn'tevenbargainoverthe$35

askingprice,“theownersaid.Shortlyafterthepurchase,hesentphotosofthebowlto

auctionspecialists,whoidentifieditasanitemofhistoricalsignificance.

Uponcloserinspection,theartifactwasfoundtohaveoriginatedfromtheperiodof

YongleEmperor,whoruledfrom1403to1424-aperiodnotedforitsdistinctive

porcelain（瓷器）techniques.It'snowvaluedbetween$300,000and$500,000,withthetop

estimatenearly14,300timestheamountitwaspurchasedfor.

“Iwasdeeplyattractedbythetechniques.Youcanseewhythisbowlissohighly-

valucdfromtheverysmoothporcelainbody,silkyglaze（上釉）andspecialbluecoloring,

whichwereneverreproducedinlaterdynasties,nMcAtccr,anauctionspecialist,said.

“TheYongleEmpercrimprovedtheporcelaintechniquesandelevatedthe

importanceofporcelainfrombeinganordinarybowlintoa（rueworkofart.Thissmall

bowlhasbothpracticalandartisticvalue,“McAtccrsaid.

4.Whatcanweinferaboutthebowl'sowner?

A.Hefoundthebowlbyaccident

B.Hehesitatedduringthepurchase.

C.Hedoubtedwhetherthehowlwasreal.

D.Heboughtthebowlbecauseitwascheap.

5.Whatmakesthebowlsoprecious?

A.Thebluecoloronit.B.Thelonghistoryithas.

C.Thepeoplewhomadeit.D.Theuniquetechniquesused.

6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“elevated”inPaiagiaph6probablymean?

A.Forsaw.B.Promoled.

C.Assessed.D.Acknowledged.

7.What'sthebesttitleofthetext?

A.AnAmazingBowlB.ASpecialYardSale

C.TheReturnofPorcelainsD.AManMakingFortune

六

IndonesianuniversitystudentTyasSisianinditaspendsabouteighthoursadayonher

phone.Thattimeincludeswatchingvideos,chattingwi:hfriendsandusingsocialmedia.

"Atnight,whenIcan'tsleep,Icanusemyphoneforuptofivehours,"shesaid,noting

shechecksherphonecountlesstimesfrommorninguntilnight.Sheevenchecksitwhile

inclass.

Tyasgoes（otheUniversityofIndonesia,whereateamofstudentsrecently

developedadevicemeanttofightphoneaddiction.Thestudentsspentthreemonths

creatingthedevice,whichcanhelpinternetuserslikeTyasdiminishtimetheyspend

lookingattheirphones.

InventorIrfanBudiSatrialedthedevelopmentteam.Thedeviceiscalled“Ncttox”,

whichcombinesthewords"internet"and"detox（排毒）Userswearitontheirarm.The

devicehasasensorthatmeasureshemoglobin（红蛋白）oxygenlevelsandchangestothe

heartratecalledHRV.Studieshavefoundthatusingamobilephoneforlonghourscan

lowerHRVlevels.TheNettoxdevicemakesasoundwhenHRVandbloodoxygenlevels

fall,whichremindswearerslostopusingtheirphones.

Forpeoplebetweentheagesof18and25,theHRVshouldstayabove60.Atarecent

trial,Tyas'HRVreadingwas44.

InternetaddictionisagrowingsocialissueinIndonesia.InOctober,twoteenagers

weretreatedfortheiraddictiontointernetgaming,mediareported.

IrfanBudiSatria'steamisworkingtoimproveNctiox'saccuracy.HRVreadingscan

changedependingonwhethertheuserisamanorwoman,andwhattheirbodyshapeand

healthconditionsare.

Theteamaimstogetapatentfortheirinventionwiththeuniversitybynextyear.

IrfansaysNettoxisforpeoplealreadytryingtochangetheirbehavior."Ourgoalisto

helppeoplewhowantlofreethemselvesfrominternetaddiction,"hesaid.

24.WhatcanwcicarnaboutTyasfromParagraph1?

A.Sheoftensleepslate.B.Sheoftenskipsclasses.

C.Sheisaddicted（ophones.D.Sheisskilledin（hemedia.

25.Whichwordmayreplacetheunderlinedword“diminish"inParagraph2?

A.Kill.B.Treasure.C.Record.D.Reduce.

26.WhatdoesParagraph3mainlytalkabout?

A.Howthedeviceworks.B.WhereNettoxisfrom.

C.Whenuserswearthedevice.D.WhyhemoglobinchangeswithHRV.

27.Whatistheteamfocusingonnowaccordingtothetext?

A.Applyingforapatent.B.Sellingfreephoneaddicts.

C.Betteringthedevice'saccuracy.D.Studyinginternetaddiction.

七

WhenErinShieldssang"BeingAlive,napopularsongfromtheBroadwayshow

“Company,“thesonghadextralevelsofmeaning.

ShieldsandherhusbandDavidShentonaretouringmusicians.Theycouldnot

performaroundtheworldduringthecoronaviruspandemic.Sotheybroadcastvirtual

concertsfromhometoraisemoneyfortheMosaicWestQueensChurchinNewYork

City.Theconcertsbroughtthousandsofdollarstothechurchtohelpfeedhungrypeople

livingin(heneighborhood.Theyalsogaveihetwomusiciansachance(ocontinuetheir

artisticlives.

Itbeganwhentheysawthelonglinesofpeoplewaitingforfoodoutsidethechurch

near(heirhome.SeveraloftheirfriendshadlostjobsafterBroadway(heatersclosed.

Andtheyfelttheneedtohelp.

InSeptember,theyvolunteeredatthechurchtogiveawayboxesoffoodtofamilies

(wolimesaweek.Aslimezxxkpassed,theyfelltheneed(odomoreforothersduring

thepandemic."I'mnotadoctor...Idon'treallyhavemuchtooffer.Butyouknow,wc

canperform,saidShields.

SheisanoperasingerfromtheAmericanstateofIllinois.HerhusbandShentonisa

Britishcomposer,pianistandviolinist.Andtheirartisticfriendswerewillingtojoinfora

goodcause.

“WehavealltheseconnectionstoBroadwaysingersoutsideoftheirworkon

Broadway,sowewantedtocapitalizeonthat,“Shentor.said.

Duringarecentvirtualconcert,smilingfamilies,watchingontheircomputersat

home,clappedandsangalong.AmongtheperformerswereBroadwaymusiciansknown

fortheirworkinshowssuchas"Hamilton"and"TheLittleMermaid“aswellas"Les

Miserablcs.”

ShieldssaidvolunteeringbecameespeciallyimportantlastyearwhenNewYork

turnedintothecenterofthepandemic.4*Ifyou'refeelinglow,volunteer,givebackto

otherpeople,becauseitwillmakeyoufeelbetter/'Shieldssaid.

21.WhatcanwelearnaboutErinShields?

A.Shefoundanewjobduringthepandemic.

B.Thesong“BeingAlive,,madehermorepopular.

C.Shegaveupherartisticlifetohelphungrypeople.

D.Virtualconcertsenabledhertocontinueherperformance.

22.Whatdocstheunderlinedphrase“capitalizeon”inparagraph6probablymean?

A.Takeadvantageof.

B.Keeptrackof.

C.Getthehangof.

D.Makealistof.

23.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.VolunteeringMakesPeopleFeelBetter

B.MusiciansRaiseMoneytoFeedNeighbors

C.MusicGivesPeopleStrengthtoPullThrough

D.FoodSupplyBecomestooLowinNewYork

A

Self-drivingcarsarejustaroundthecorner.Suchvehicleswillmakegettingfrom

oneplacetoanothersafeiandlessstressful.Theyalsocouldcutdownontraffic,reduce

pollutionandlimitaccidents.Buthowshoulddriverlesscarshandleemergencies（突发情

况）？Peopledisagreeontheanswer.Andthatmightputthebrakesonthistechnology,a

newstudyconcludes.

Tounderstandthechallenge,imagineacarthatsuddenlymeetssomepedestriansin

theroad.Evenwithbraking,it'stoolatetoavoidacrash.Sothecar'sartificial

intelligencemustdecidewhethertoswerve（急转弯）.Tosave