2025年GMAT《语法专项》冲刺押题

2025年GMAT《语法专项》冲刺押题考试时间：______分钟总分：______分姓名：______Part1:ReadingComprehensionQuestionsDirections:Eachpassageisfollowedbyanumberofquestions.Choosethebestanswertoeachquestion.Answeronlythequestionthatisasked.Donotassumeanyinformationthatisnotgiveninthepassage.Passage1Thediscoveryofpenicillinin1928byAlexanderFlemingmarkedarevolutionaryturningpointinthehistoryofmedicine.Priortothis,infectionscausedbybacteriawereoftenfatal,leadingtohighmortalityratesfromconditionsthatarenoweasilytreatable.Fleming'saccidentalobservationofthemold*Penicilliumnotatum*inhibitingbacterialgrowthledtothedevelopmentofthefirstbroadlyeffectiveantibiotic.However,themassproductionofpenicillinfacedsignificantchallengesintheearlyyears.Itwasnotuntilthe1940s,withtheadvancementsinchemicalextractionandfermentationtechnology,thatpenicillinbecamewidelyavailableandcouldbeusedtocombatbacterialinfectionsonalargescale,fundamentallyalteringthetreatmentlandscapeforinfectiousdiseases.1.Accordingtothepassage,whatwastheprimaryconsequenceofthediscoveryofpenicillin?2.Theword"revolutionary"inline2isusedtoconveytheauthor'sopinionthatthediscoveryofpenicillinwas______.3.Thepassagesuggeststhatbeforethedevelopmentofpenicillin,treatingbacterialinfectionswasoften______.4.Whydidthemassproductionofpenicillinfacechallengesintheearlyyearsfollowingitsdiscovery?5.Whatdevelopmentenabledthewidespreadavailabilityofpenicillininthe1940s?6.Thephrase"fundamentallyaltering"inline9indicatesthattheimpactofpenicillinonthetreatmentofinfectiousdiseaseswas______.Passage2Climatechangepresentsoneofthemostsignificantchallengesfacinghumanitytoday.ItsprimarydriveristheincreaseingreenhousegasconcentrationsintheEarth'satmosphere,largelyresultingfromhumanactivitiessuchasburningfossilfuels,deforestation,andindustrialprocesses.Thesegases,includingcarbondioxideandmethane,trapheatfromthesun,leadingtoagradualriseinglobalaveragetemperatures.Thiswarminghasnumerouscascadingeffects.Itcontributestothemeltingofpolaricecapsandglaciers,resultinginrisingsealevelsthatthreatencoastalcommunities.Morefrequentandsevereweatherevents,suchashurricanes,droughts,andheatwaves,arealsoattributedtotheseclimateshifts.Furthermore,changingtemperaturesandprecipitationpatternsdisruptecosystems,threatenbiodiversity,andcanhaveprofoundimpactsonagricultureandhumanhealth.7.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?8.Accordingtothepassage,whatistheprimarydriverofclimatechange?9.Theword"cascading"inline6isusedtodescribetheeffectsofclimatechangeasbeing______.10.Whataretwospecificconsequencesoftheincreaseingreenhousegasconcentrationsmentionedinthepassage?11.Thepassageimpliesthattheeffectsofclimatechangeare______.Part2:SentenceCorrectionQuestionsIdentifythesentencethatiscorrectlywritten.Ifnosentenceiscorrectlywritten,choose"E".12.Thecompanydecidedtorelocateitsheadquartersfromthecitycentertothesuburbs,becauseitwantedtoreducecostsandtheemployeeswouldhavelesscommutingtime.13.Neitherthestudentsnortheteacherwereawareofthechangeintheexamscheduleuntilthedaybeforethetest.14.IfIhadknownthatyouwerecoming,Iwouldhavebakedacake.15.Walkingquicklythroughtheforest,thedeerwasspottedbythehunterjustbeforeitdisappearedbehindthetrees.16.Thecommittee,includingmemberswithdiversebackgroundsandexpertise,aremeetingtodiscusstheproposedproject.17.Althoughtheprojectwasfacedwithnumerousdifficulties,itwasultimatelycompletedontime.18.SheisthemostintelligentandhardworkingpersonwhomIhaveevermet.19.Neithertheplayersnorthecoachhasacceptedthereferee'sdecision.20.Whiledrivinghomelatelastnight,mycarbrokedown,andIhadtospendthenightatanearbymotel.Part3:AdditionalPracticeQuestions21.Themanager,alongwithhisteam,areplanningtoimplementseveralnewstrategiestoimprovesales.22.Eachofthewinnersreceivedatrophy,acertificate,andacashprizeof$500.23.Havingfinishedhishomework,thestudentimmediatelywentouttoplaywithhisfriends.24.Theboardofdirectors,aftercarefulconsideration,votedtoapprovethemerger.25.Thecollectionofrarebooks,whichincludesfirsteditionsofmanyfamousauthors,ishousedintheuniversitylibrary'sspecialarchives.试卷答案Part1:ReadingComprehensionQuestions1.Itfundamentallyalteredthetreatmentlandscapeforinfectiousdiseases.**解析思路：*题目问的是“发现青霉素的主要后果是什么？”。文章第一段最后一句明确指出“penicillinbecamewidelyavailableandcouldbeusedtocombatbacterialinfectionsonalargescale,fundamentallyalteringthetreatmentlandscapeforinfectiousdiseases.”（青霉素得以大规模生产和使用来对抗细菌感染，从根本上改变了传染病治疗格局）。选项A准确概括了这一点。2.Highlysignificantortransformative.**解析思路：*题目问的是“代词'revolutionary'在第二行是如何使用的？”。文章第二句“markedarevolutionaryturningpointinthehistoryofmedicine.”（标志着医学史上一个革命性的转折点）。结合上下文，“revolutionary”形容“turningpoint”，表明这个转折点非常重大、具有变革性，因此选项意为“高度重要或具有变革性”符合语境。3.Difficultandoftenfatal.**解析思路：*题目问的是“文章暗示在青霉素发展之前，治疗细菌感染通常是怎样的？”。文章第一段提到“Priortothis,infectionscausedbybacteriawereoftenfatal...”（在此之前，细菌感染常常是致命的），并指出在青霉素发现前，感染是“oftenfatal”（通常是致命的）。选项C“困难且通常是致命的”准确反映了这一点。4.Becauseadvancementsinchemicalextractionandfermentationtechnologywereneededformassproduction.**解析思路：*题目问的是“为什么青霉素在早期发现后面临大规模生产挑战？”。文章第三段直接回答了这个问题：“Itwasnotuntilthe1940s,withtheadvancementsinchemicalextractionandfermentationtechnology,thatpenicillinbecamewidelyavailable...”（直到1940年代，随着化学提取和发酵技术的进步，青霉素才变得广泛可用）。这意味着这些技术进步对于大规模生产是必需的，因此早期缺乏这些技术导致了挑战。选项D准确概括了原因。5.Advancementsinchemicalextractionandfermentationtechnology.**解析思路：*题目问的是“是什么发展使得青霉素在1940年代变得广泛可用？”。文章第三段明确指出：“...withtheadvancementsinchemicalextractionandfermentationtechnology,thatpenicillinbecamewidelyavailable...”（...随着化学提取和发酵技术的进步，青霉素才变得广泛可用）。选项D直接对应文中的技术进步。6.Profoundandfar-reaching.**解析思路：*题目问的是“短语'fundamentallyaltering'（从根本上改变）表明青霉素对传染病治疗的影响是怎样的？”。文章最后一句指出，青霉素改变的是“thetreatmentlandscape”（治疗格局）。这个词组暗示了影响的深度和广度，不仅仅是轻微的调整，而是根本性的变化。选项F“深刻且影响深远”符合这种程度。7.Thesignificantchallengeofclimatechangeanditscausesandeffects.**解析思路：*题目问的是“文章的主要话题是什么？”。文章首段明确提出了“climatechangepresentsoneofthemostsignificantchallengesfacinghumanitytoday.”（气候变化是人类今天面临的最重大挑战之一）。随后段落详细阐述了气候变化的原因（温室气体增加）和后果（全球变暖、海平面上升、极端天气、生态系统破坏等）。因此，文章主要讨论的是气候变化本身、原因及其影响。8.AnincreaseingreenhousegasconcentrationsintheEarth'satmosphere,largelyresultingfromhumanactivities.**解析思路：*题目问的是“根据文章，气候变化的PRIMARY驱动因素是什么？”。文章第二段开头明确指出：“ItsprimarydriveristheincreaseingreenhousegasconcentrationsintheEarth'satmosphere,largelyresultingfromhumanactivitiessuchasburningfossilfuels,deforestation,andindustrialprocesses.”（其主要驱动因素是地球大气中温室气体浓度的增加，主要源于人类活动，如燃烧化石燃料、砍伐森林和工业过程）。选项B准确概括了这一点。9.Multiplyingorspreadingrapidlyandhavingawide-rangingeffect.**解析思路：*题目问的是“单词'cascading'（级联的）在第六行是如何使用的？”。文章第六句描述温室气体导致全球变暖，进而引发一系列后果：“Itcontributestothemeltingofpolaricecapsandglaciers,resultinginrisingsealevels...Morefrequentandsevereweatherevents...arealsoattributedtotheseclimateshifts.”（它导致极地冰盖和冰川融化，引起海平面上升...更多频繁和严重的天气事件...也归因于这些气候变化）。这些后果一个接一个地发生，影响广泛，如同级联反应。选项D“逐级快速扩散并产生广泛影响”符合语境。10.Risingsealevelsandmorefrequentandsevereweatherevents(suchashurricanes,droughts,andheatwaves).**解析思路：*题目问的是“文章中提到了哪些温室气体浓度增加的具体后果？”。文章第七句明确提到了“meltingofpolaricecapsandglaciers,resultinginrisingsealevels”（极地冰盖和冰川融化，导致海平面上升）。第八句提到了“Morefrequentandsevereweatherevents,suchashurricanes,droughts,andheatwaves”（更多频繁和严重的天气事件，如飓风、干旱和热浪）。选项B准确列出了这两点。11.Significantandwidespread.**解析思路：*题目问的是“文章暗示气候变化的效应是什么？”。文章描述了气候变化的各种后果，如海平面上升威胁沿海社区、极端天气事件、生态系统破坏和农业健康影响。这些后果都是重大且影响广泛的。选项F“重大且普遍存在”符合文章暗示的语气和后果的严重性。Part2:SentenceCorrectionQuestions12.E.Thecompanydecidedtorelocateitsheadquartersfromthecitycentertothesuburbs,wantingtoreducecostsandhavingemployeeswithlesscommutingtime.**解析思路：*原句错误在于“because”连接的从句中，动词形式不一致。“wanted”是过去时，而“wouldhavelesscommutingtime”是虚拟语气条件句。在公司做出决定的那一刻，员工通勤时间少是预期结果，应用一般现在时表达与主句动作同时或伴随存在的意愿或状态。“havingemployeeswithlesscommutingtime”是一个动名词短语，可以更简洁地表达这个意思。选项E将“because”改为“wanting...andhaving...”结构，使时态一致且表达更简洁。13.A.Neitherthestudentsnortheteacherwasawareofthechangeintheexamscheduleuntilthedaybeforethetest.**解析思路：*原句错误在于主谓不一致。“Neither...nor...”连接的并列主语，谓语动词应与靠近它的主语保持一致。靠近“nor”的成分是“theteacher”，是单数，因此谓语动词应为“was”。选项A修正了主谓一致问题。14.D.IfIhadknownthatyouwerecoming,Iwouldhavebakedacake.**解析思路：*原句“wouldhavebaked”是正确的虚拟语气过去完成时，表示与过去事实相反的假设。但“because”引导的从句“youwerecoming”中的时态（过去进行时）略显多余，可以直接陈述事实。“IfIhadknownthatyouwerecoming,Iwouldhavebakedacake.”表达更直接清晰。选项D是正确的虚拟语气结构。15.B.Thedeerwasspottedbythehunterwhilewalkingquicklythroughtheforest.**解析思路：*原句错误在于语序和逻辑主语。“Walkingquicklythroughtheforest”是一个现在分词短语，如果作伴随状语，其逻辑主语应与主句主语“thedeer”一致。此处逻辑主语是“thehunter”，但分词短语使用的是“thedeer”作为主语，造成错误。应将分词短语改为一个从句，或使用其他方式表达。选项B使用“while”引导的从句，明确了是猎人边走边看，语序和逻辑正确。16.A.Thecommittee,includingmemberswithdiversebackgroundsandexpertise,ismeetingtodiscusstheproposedproject.**解析思路：*原句错误在于主谓不一致。“Thecommittee”是单数名词，其后的谓语动词应为单数形式“is”。选项A修正了主谓一致问题。17.D.Althoughtheprojectfacednumerousdifficulties,itwasultimatelycompletedontime.**解析思路：*原句错误在于“wasfaced”。动词“face”通常不用于被动语态，尤其是在描述项目本身具有“面临”困难这种主动特征时。应使用主动语态“faced”。选项D修正了动词使用问题。18.C.SheisthemostintelligentandhardworkingpersonIhaveevermet.**解析思路：*原句错误在于“whom”。在“themostintelligentandhardworkingperson”这个名词性从句中，充当介词“whom”的逻辑主语是“person”，而不是被“met”。此处需要一个宾格代词，指代“person”。正确形式应为“who”或“whom”。选项C使用了“who”作为介词“met”的宾语，是正确的。19.B.Neithertheplayersnorthecoachhasacceptedthereferee'sdecision.**解析思路：*原句错误在于主谓不一致。“Neither...nor...”连接的并列主语，谓语动词应与靠近它的主语保持一致。靠近“nor”的成分是“thecoach”，是单数，因此谓语动词应为“has”。选项B修正了主谓一致问题。20.F.Whiledrivinghomelatelastnight,mycarbrokedown,andIhadtospendthenightatanearbymotel.**解析思路：*原句是一个长句，将多个动作或状态放在一个长句中可能导致结构不清。“Whiledrivinghomelatelastnight”是状语从句，描述时间。主句是“Mycarbrokedown”。这个主句本身是完整的。但将“andIhadtospendthenightatanearbymotel”紧随其后，虽然语法上可能允许，但读起来略显冗长。选项F将其分开，形成两个独立的句子，结构更清晰，表达更流畅。Part3:AdditionalPracticeQuestions21.E.Themanager,alongwithhisteam,isplanningtoimplementseveralnewstrategiestoimprovesales.**解析思路：*原句错误在于主谓不一致。“Themanager,alongwithhisteam”是一个带有介词短语“alongwith”的名词短语，谓语动词应与主语“manager”保持一致。此处主语是单数“manager”，因此谓语应为单数形式“is”。选项E修正了主谓一致问题。