七年级英语期末复习知识点总结

七年级英语期末复习知识点总结一、核心词汇梳理（一）话题分类词汇1.学校生活（SchoolLife）学科类：Chinese,math,English,science,P.E.,art,music,history设施与人员：classroom,library,playground,teacher,classmate,monitor*例句*：WehaveamusiclessononFriday.（周五我们有一节音乐课。）2.家庭与日常（Family&DailyLife）家庭成员：father,mother,sister,brother,grandparent,cousin日常活动：getup,havebreakfast,gotoschool,dohomework,watchTV,gotobed*例句*：Mycousinoftenhelpsmewithmyhomework.（我的表哥经常帮我做作业。）3.天气与季节（Weather&Seasons）天气：sunny,rainy,cloudy,windy,snowy,hot,cold,warm,cool季节：spring,summer,autumn,winter活动：flykites,swim,makeasnowman,pickapples*例句*：It’swindytoday.Let’sflykitesinthepark.（今天有风，我们去公园放风筝吧。）（二）易混淆词汇辨析too/also/either：too用于肯定句末尾：*IlikeEnglishtoo.*also用于句中（be动词后，实义动词前）：*Sheisalsoastudent.*either用于否定句末尾：*Idon’tlikematheither.*some/any：some用于肯定句和希望得到肯定回答的疑问句：*Wouldyoulikesomewater?*any用于否定句和一般疑问句：*Doyouhaveanyquestions?*二、语法知识精讲（一）一般现在时1.结构与用法be动词（am/is/are）：主语为I时用am：*Iamhappytoday.*主语为单数（he/she/it/单数名词）用is：*Heisateacher.Thecatiscute.*主语为复数（we/you/they/复数名词）用are：*Wearefriends.Thebooksareonthedesk.*实义动词：主语为第三人称单数（he/she/it/单数名词）时，动词加-s/-es：一般加s：*play→plays,like→likes*以s/x/sh/ch结尾加es：*watch→watches,fix→fixes*以辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i加es：*study→studies*其他人称用动词原形：*Weplaybasketballafterschool.*2.否定与疑问be动词的否定：在be后加not：*I’mnotlate.Heisn’tbusy.*be动词的疑问：将be提前：*AreyoufromChina?Issheyoursister?*实义动词的否定：加don’t/doesn’t（第三人称单数用doesn’t，动词还原）：*Idon’tlikecoffee.Hedoesn’tplayfootball.*实义动词的疑问：加Do/Does（第三人称单数用Does，动词还原）：*Doyougotoschoolbybike?Doesshehaveapet?*（二）名词单复数1.规则变化一般加s：*book→books,pen→pens*以s/x/sh/ch结尾加es：*box→boxes,brush→brushes*以辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i加es：*city→cities,baby→babies*以f/fe结尾，变f/fe为v加es：*leaf→leaves,knife→knives*（特殊：*roof→roofs*）2.不规则变化单复数同形：*sheep→sheep,fish→fish*（指“鱼的条数”时）特殊变化：*man→men,child→children,foot→feet*（三）代词1.人称代词（主格/宾格/物主代词）类型主格宾格形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词--------------------------------------------------------------第一人称单数Imemymine第一人称复数weusourours第二人称单/复数youyouyouryours第三人称单数（男）hehimhishis第三人称单数（女）sheherherhers第三人称单数（物）itititsits第三人称复数theythemtheirtheirs*例句*：*Thisismybook.Yoursisoverthere.*（这是我的书，你的在那边。）2.指示代词this（近指，单数）/these（近指，复数）：*Thisisadog.Thesearedogs.*that（远指，单数）/those（远指，复数）：*Thatisatree.Thosearetrees.*（四）形容词与副词的比较级1.规则变化单音节词：一般加er：*tall→taller,fast→faster*以e结尾加r：*nice→nicer,late→later*重读闭音节（辅元辅）双写末尾字母加er：*big→bigger,hot→hotter*以辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i加er：*happy→happier,easy→easier*多音节词：加more：*beautiful→morebeautiful,interesting→moreinteresting*2.不规则变化good/well→better；bad/badly→worse；many/much→more三、重点句型归纳（一）Therebe句型1.结构肯定句：*Thereis/are+某物/人+地点/时间*单数/不可数用is：*Thereisabookonthedesk.Thereissomewaterintheglass.*复数用are：*Therearethreeapplesinthebag.*否定句：在is/are后加not：*Thereisn’tacathere.Therearen’tanyflowersinthegarden.*一般疑问句：将is/are提前：*Isthereaparknearhere?Arethereanystudentsintheclassroom?*2.就近原则Therebe句型中，be动词的单复数由靠近be的名词决定：*Thereisapenandtwobooksonthedesk.*（pen是单数，用is）*Therearetwobooksandapenonthedesk.*（books是复数，用are）（二）问路与指路问路：*Excuseme,whereisthe...?/HowcanIgetto...?*指路：*Gostraightandturnleft/rightatthe...crossing.**It’snextto/acrossfrom/between...and...**例句*：—*Excuseme,whereisthelibrary?*—*Gostraightandturnrightatthesecondcrossing.It’snexttothehospital.*（三）请求与建议请求帮助：*Canyouhelpme?/Couldyouplease...?*建议：*Let’s.../Whynot...?/Howabout...?**例句*：*Let’sgotothemoviesthisweekend.*（这个周末我们去看电影吧。）*Whynotasktheteacherforhelp?*（为什么不向老师求助呢？）四、阅读与写作备考技巧（一）阅读理解1.题型应对细节理解题：找关键词（如时间、地点），回原文定位，对比选项。主旨大意题：看首尾段/每段首句，总结核心内容。推理判断题：结合上下文，理解隐含意思，排除绝对化选项。2.技巧训练限时阅读：每天练习1-2篇，控制时间（如10分钟/篇）。标注关键：用铅笔圈出人名、地名、转折词（*but,however*）等。（二）书面表达1.写作结构开头：点明主题（如介绍自己、描述事件）。中间：分2-3点展开，用连接词（*first,then,finally*）。结尾：总结或表达感受/愿望。2.高分技巧多用学过的句型（如*Therebe*、*Ithink...*、*It’s+adj.+todo...*）。检查语法错误（单复数、时态、拼写）。*范文示例*：《MySchool》Myschoolisbigandbeautiful.Therearethreebuildingsandalargeplayground.WehaveclassesfromMondaytoFriday.MyfavoritesubjectisEnglishbecausemyteacherisverykind.Afterschool,Ioftenplaybasketballwithmyfriends.Ilovemyschool!五、期末备考策略（一）分阶段复习基础巩固期（1-2周）：整理课本单词、短语，背诵重点句型，复习语法笔记。专项突破期（1周）：针对薄弱环节（如语法、阅读）做专项练习，整理错题。模拟冲刺期（1周）：做2-3套真题/模拟卷，限时完成，适应考试节奏