完型填空解题技巧点拨与演练 - 高考一轮复习课件

Completethepuzzleofmy

Self-introduction!from常山swimmingChongqing25?drovehereclozetest(完形填空)Whatdoyouknow?fromChongqing基于语篇的完形填空解题策略常

山LearningObjectivesBytheendoftheclass,Iwillbeableto：1.

conclude2strategiesforthebigpictureandinferencetosolveclozetest.2.

tellwhythestrategiesareusefulandnecessary.3.

employthestrategiestosolveclozetest.

Understandwhatistested.【完形填空的考查目标】完形填空本质上是填补性阅读，“要求考生从每题所给的4个选项中选出最佳选项，使补足后的短文

语言（1

）

通顺

、前后（2

）

连贯

、结构（3

）

完整。本节主要考查考生在具体语境中（4

）理解词汇以及（5

）在理解文章主旨大意基础上根据句内、句间及段间（6

）

逻辑关系

作出（7

）推断的能力，准确判断和选择符合特定上下文语义和用法的动词、名词、形容词和副词等。”———《高考试题分析》2025年版

教育部教育考试院理解词汇、通顺、连贯、在理解文章主旨大意、完整、逻辑、推断年份篇幅长难句体裁动词名词形

容词副词介词20242382记叙752120232294记叙58220222402记叙5531120212182记叙942基于记叙文语篇知识的完形填空解题策略StageI.Explorethe1ststrategyforgettingthebigpicture.2023全国Ⅰ卷完形填空Activity1.Tellwhatthestoryismainlyabout.（23年I卷）OnOct.11,hundredsofrunnerscompetedinacross-countryrace（越野赛）inMinnesota.MelanieBaileyshouldhave41thecourseearlierthanshedid.Her42camebecauseshewascarryinga43acrossthefinishline....Althoughthetwoyoungwomenwerestrangersbeforethe54,they’vesincebecomefriends.Neitherwontherace,butthe55ofhumankindnesswontheday.故事梗概：运动员MelanieBailey在比赛中将另一名受伤的运动员背至终点线，影响了自己的比赛成绩。主题意义：发扬“友谊第一，比赛第二”和kindnessStageI.Explorethe1ststrategyforgettingthebigpicture.Activity2.Readandunderlinetheanswer.Whydothebeginningandtheendinghelptotellthebigpictureofastory？美国语言学家拉波夫关于叙事结构的分析模式指出，完整的叙事包括“点题、指向、进展、结局、回应、评论”六个部分。点题是叙事者故事开头用一两句话对故事大意进行简要的概括，提前告诉读者“Whatisthestoryabout?”。回应是

主人公从发生的事情里学会的道理或发出的感叹，亦即故事的写作目的，是连接故事和现实的纽带,

一般在故事之后

.mainidea+morallesson=thebigpictureFromabove,weshouldFirst,read______________and___________togetthebigpictureofthestory.

theendingthebeginning

StageI.Explorethe1ststrategyforgettingthebigpicture.Activity3.ChoosethecorrectwordforNo.52.(第一段)IwashalfwayacrossIndianaheadedhometoKentuckywhenmycarbrokedown.Myphonewas41,too.

（最后一段）52

cameatthehandsofastranger.53hisclothes,workingonahotSeptemberafter

no

on,thisman54acollegestudentfromdisaster,justbecauseshecouldhavebeenhis55.52.A.Tiredness

B.KindnessC.LonelinessD.CarefulnessTip1Weshouldfirstread_

___________________and_________________togetthebigpictureofthestory.theending（回应）thebeginning（点题）StageII.MakeReasonableInferencewithcohesivedevices.Activity4.Readandanswer.Howcanweinferthemissingwordsintheclozetest？〖目标〗完形填空本质上是填补性阅读......补足后的短文语言通顺、前后连贯、

结构完整。本节主要考查考生在具体语境中理解词汇以及在理解文章

主旨大意基础上根据句内、句间及段间逻辑关系作出推断的能力，......上下文语义和用法

的动词、名词、形容

词和副词等。cohesivedevices衔接手段Tip2Find

logicclues（逻辑线索）

and

wordclues（词汇线索）tohelpusmakereasonableinference.StageII.MakeReasonableInferencewithcohesivedevices.Activity5.Figureoutthelogicclues(逻辑线索).OnOct.11,hundredsofrunnerscompetedinacross-countryraceinMinnesota.Me

lanieBaileyshouldhave41thecourseearlierthanshedid.Her42camebecause

shewascarryinga43competitoracrossthefinishline.42.A.delayB.chanceC.troubleD.excuseIwashalfwayacrossIndianaheadedhometoKentuckywhenmycarbrokedown.Myphonewas41,too.41.A.busyB.loudC.dead

D.secure可靠的Note：逻辑关系可能在句内，句间和段间。II.HowtoMakeReasonableInference.Activity6.Choosethecorrectanswerthroughwordclues(词汇线索).(2)词汇衔接词汇衔接以复述和搭配两种形式出现。其中复述关系包括：原词复现、同/近义词复现、反义词复现、上下义词复现

4种关系。选择并请判断下列各题线索的类型：II.HowtoMakeReasonableInference.Activity6.Choosethecorrectanswerthroughwordcluesandtellitstype.1)原词复现【2022•全国甲】When

IfirstdatedSteve,Ilearnedhehadadog,Molly,andacat,Flora.WhileIwasthrilledthathewasananimallover,Iworrie

dthatthreedogswereperhapstoomany,andmydogsmightattack46thecat.46.A.FloraB.ChanceC.MollyD.TillyFlora—Flora原词复现2)同义词/近义词复现【2018·全国卷】Whenmostofus

getatextmessage

onourcellphonefromanunknownperson,weusuallysay“sorry,41(w

rong)number！”andmoveon.ButwhenDennisWilliams

42

atextthatclearlywasn'tintendedforhim,hedidsomething43(special).42.A.receivedB.translatedC.copiedD.printed【2017·全国I卷】Whilehighschooldoesnotgenerallyencouragestudentstoexplorenewaspectsoflife,collegesetsthestageforthatexploration.Imyselfwentthroughthis

41

processandfoundsomethin

gthathaschangedmy42(experien

ce

)a

tcollegeforth

ebetter:IdiscoveredASL—AmericanSignLanguage(美

式手语).41.A.searchingB.planningC.naturalD.formal3).反义词复现【2022·新高考Ⅱ卷】Sheandherhusbandhavespentthelasttwoyearstravelingtheworld，stoppingeverywherefromParistoSingapore.Itmightsoundlikeone

long,expensive42(vacation),butthecouplehasanunusualwaytoma

ketheirtravel4

3.43.A.safe

B.busyC.helpfulD.affordable上下义词复现

是总称词，

是被包含的个体或种类。如：animal是dog,cat,bird的___________词.write,call,text,videochat是communicate的________词。Ihadthechanceofseeingthisfirsthandona_____.ThisledtosomepainfulexperiencesonSaturday…A.tripB.holidayC.weekendD.squareInthestore,Iaskedeachofmykidsto5.picksomethingtheythoughtour“friend”therewould6.appreciate.Theygotapples,asandwichandabottleofjuice....Whenwehandedhimthebagof__1

2___,helitupandthankedus......A.toysB.medicine

C.foodD.clothes5)搭配关系也称共现关系•

语篇中语义相关联的词汇有共同出现的倾向性。•

catch+cold感冒fever,runnynose...•

ill+doctor看医生hospital,examine,symptoms,•

big+small尺寸•

corn+planter种玉米语义框架II.HowtoMakeReasonableInferences.Activity7.Matchthewords.•

Atarestaurant•

Examine,headache,pill,trouble•

Husbandandwife•

Inahouse•

Family,housework,darling•

Attheclinic•

Doctorandpatient•

Menu,order,drink,eat•

WaiteranddinerII.HowtoMakeReasonableInferences.Activity8.Choosethecorrectanswerto49,usingtheframe2).语义框架【2020·全国Ⅰ】Since

ourtwinsbeganlearningtowalk,mywifeandIhavekepttellingthemthatourslidingglassdoorisjustawindow...Onedaythey’ll47(wakeup)anddiscoverthateverything

they’vealwaysknownaboutwindowsisa48(lie).Iwonderif

49

shouldalwaystellthetruthnomatterthe50(con

sequences).Ihaveaverystrong51(fear)

thattheliewe’re

tellingisdoing52(spiritual)damageto

our

children.49.A.parentsB.twinsC.colleaguesD.teachersActivity9Summarizethestrategieslogiccluesthrough1streadonlythethenreadtoinferwordcluesbeginningandthethemissingendingtogetthewordsbigpicture原词复现、同/近义词复现、反义词复现、上下义词复现和语义框架Reflection1.

Icaninferthemainideaofastorybyreadingthebeginning.(Yes

No

)2.

Icantellthemessageconveyedinthestorybyreadingtheending.(Yes

No

)3.

Icaninferthemissingwordsbyspottingthecohesivedevices,suchaslogicandwords.(Yes

No

)Overall,Ithinkthesetipsareuseful

,interesting

ordifficult

andIdowant

ornot

wanttousethesestragetiestosolvethepuzzlesintheclozetest.Withoutadoubt,truthandfactare(44)_______thesame.Butitisimportantto(45)recognizethattheyareoftendifferent.A.alwaysB.seldomC.onceD.sometimes46Forexample,it'sspringtimewhereIlivenearVancouver,andIhavetwofriends

47me.OneisfromInuvik,neartheArcticCircle（北极圈）,andthe48fromEcuador,whichcrossestheequator.Whilesittingto