人教版高一英语上册第七单元培优测试卷

人教版高一英语上册第七单元培优测试卷班级：________姓名：________学号：________得分：________考试时间：120分钟满分：150分本单元以“EnvironmentalProtection”为核心主题，聚焦环保相关词汇、时态语态的综合运用、非谓语动词等语法点，以及基于环保话题的读写能力。本培优测试卷注重“基础夯实+能力拔高”，通过情境化、生活化的试题设计，考查你的语言运用、逻辑分析及跨文化理解能力，助力提升英语学科核心素养。请认真审题，规范书写，展现扎实的英语基础与灵活的应用能力！第一部分听力（共30分）一、听力理解（共30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatwillthewomandotoprotecttheenvironment?A.Stopusingplasticbags.B.Plantmoretrees.C.Savemorewater.2.Whydoesthemanrefusetobuytheproduct?A.It’stooexpensive.B.Itspackageisnoteco-friendly.C.It’sofpoorquality.3.Howdoesthegirlusuallygotoschool?A.Bycar.B.Bybus.C.Bybike.4.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthenewenvironmentalpolicy?A.It’suseless.B.It’seffective.C.It’stoostrict.5.Whenwilltheenvironmentallecturestart?A.At2:30pm.B.At3:00pm.C.At3:30pm.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatproblemarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Airpollution.B.Waterpollution.C.Noisepollution.7.Whatsuggestiondoesthemanputforward?A.Callingonthegovernmenttotakeaction.B.Startingavolunteergroup.C.Writingtothelocalnewspaper.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whatisthewoman’sjob?A.Ateacher.B.Anenvironmentalist.C.Areporter.9.Whatisthemaincauseoftheriverpollutionaccordingtothewoman?A.Factoriespouringwastewater.B.Peoplethrowingrubbish.C.Farmersusingtoomuchfertilizer.10.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Interviewthefactoryowners.B.Collectmoredata.C.Giveaspeechinschools.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inasupermarket.B.Inarestaurant.C.Inashop.12.Whatdoesthemanwanttobuy?A.Somefruits.B.Somesnacks.C.Somedrinks.13.Whydoesthewomanrecommendthegreenproduct?A.It’scheaper.B.It’shealthierandeco-friendly.C.It’smoredelicious.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.Whatactivitywilltheschoolholdnextweek?A.Anenvironmentalknowledgecompetition.B.Atree-plantingactivity.C.Awaste-recyclingactivity.15.Howmanystudentswilltakepartintheactivityeachclass?A.10.B.15.C.20.16.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Preparethetools.B.Informthestudents.C.Contacttheparkmanager.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.HowlonghastheEnvironmentalProtectionClubbeenfounded?A.For2years.B.For3years.C.For4years.18.Whatdidtheclubdolastmonth?A.Itheldacharitysaleforenvironmentalprotection.B.Itorganizedaclean-upactivityinthecommunity.C.Itinvitedexpertstogivelectures.19.Whatistheclub’splanfornextmonth?A.Tosetuprecyclingstationsinschools.B.Tovisitawastetreatmentplant.C.Tomakeenvironmentalposters.20.Howcanstudentsjointheclub?A.Byfillinginanonlineform.B.Byvisitingthecluboffice.C.Bycontactingtheclubleaderdirectly.第二部分阅读理解（共40分）二、阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AHaveyoueverthoughtabouthowmuchwasteyouproduceeveryday?Fromplasticbottlestofoodleftovers,theamountofwasteissurprising.Buttherearesimplewaystoreducewasteinourdailylives.First,bringyourownreusablebagswhenshopping.Plasticbagsareoneofthebiggestsourcesofpollution.Theycantakehundredsofyearstobreakdown.Byusingclothbagsorcanvasbags,youcancutdownonplasticwastegreatly.Second,avoidsingle-useproducts.Itemslikedisposablechopsticks,plasticstrawsandpapercupsareusedonceandthenthrownaway.Instead,youcanusemetalstraws,bamboochopsticksandreusablecups.Theseproductsarenotonlyeco-friendlybutalsodurable.Third,recycleasmuchaspossible.Manymaterialssuchaspaper,glass,plasticandmetalcanberecycled.Youcansortyourwasteintodifferentbinsandtakethemtotherecyclingstation.Thisway,valuableresourcescanbereused.Reducingwasteisnotdifficult.Itjustrequiresalittleeffortandawareness.Let’sstartwithsmallchangesandmaketheworldacleanerplace.21.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Theproblemofwastepollution.B.Waystoreducewasteindailylife.C.Theimportanceofrecycling.D.Theharmofsingle-useproducts.22.Howlongdoesittakeforplasticbagstobreakdown?A.Severalmonths.B.Afewyears.C.Hundredsofyears.D.Thousandsofyears.23.Whichofthefollowingisasingle-useproduct?A.Clothbags.B.Metalstraws.C.Disposablechopsticks.D.Reusablecups.24.Whatcanwedotorecycleeffectively?A.Throwallwasteintoonebin.B.Sortwasteintodifferentbins.C.Burnthewaste.D.Burythewaste.BInrecentyears,moreandmorepeoplehaverealizedtheimportanceofenvironmentalprotection.Manycountrieshavetakenmeasurestoprotecttheenvironment.OneofthesuccessfulexamplesisDenmark.DenmarkisasmallcountryinNorthernEurope,butithasmadegreatachievementsinenvironmentalprotection.Thecountryhassetagoaltobecomecarbon-neutralby2050.Toachievethisgoal,Denmarkhastakenmanysteps.First,Denmarkreliesheavilyonrenewableenergy.Windpoweristhemainsourceofenergyinthecountry.Itisestimatedthatwindpowerprovidesmorethan50%ofDenmark’selectricity.Thecountryalsousessolarenergyandbiomassenergy.Second,Denmarkpromotesgreentransportation.Thegovernmentencouragespeopletousebicyclesandpublictransportation.Copenhagen,thecapitalofDenmark,isknownasthe“BicycleCapitaloftheWorld”.Morethan50%ofthepeopleinCopenhagenridebicyclestoworkorschooleveryday.Third,Denmarkhasstrictenvironmentallaws.Factoriesarenotallowedtopourwastewaterintoriversorlakeswithouttreatment.Thosewhobreakthelawswillbefinedheavily.Denmark’sexperienceshowsthatwithdeterminationandpropermeasures,environmentalprotectioncanbeachieved.OthercountriescanlearnfromDenmark’sexampletomaketheirowncontributionstoprotectingtheearth.25.WhatisDenmark’sgoalforenvironmentalprotection?A.Toreducewasteby50%by2050.B.Tobecomecarbon-neutralby2050.C.Touseonlywindpowerby2050.D.TomakeCopenhagenagreencityby2050.26.WhatisthemainsourceofenergyinDenmark?A.Solarenergy.B.Biomassenergy.C.Windpower.D.Coal.27.WhyisCopenhagencalledthe“BicycleCapitaloftheWorld”?A.Becausetherearemanybicyclesinthecity.B.Becausemorethanhalfofthepeopleridebicyclestoworkorschool.C.Becausethecityhasthemostbicyclefactories.D.Becausethegovernmentprovidesfreebicyclesforpeople.28.WhatwillhappeniffactoriesinDenmarkpourwastewaterwithouttreatment?A.Theywillbecloseddown.B.Theywillbefinedheavily.C.Theirleaderswillbeputinprison.D.Theywillbeaskedtorebuildthefactories.CA16-year-oldstudentnamedLiMingfromBeijinghasinventedanewtypeoftrashbinthatcansortwasteautomatically.Thisinventionhaswonhimanationalenvironmentalinventionaward.Thetrashbinisequippedwithsensorsandasmallcomputer.Whenpeoplethrowtrashintothebin,thesensorscandetectthetypeofthetrash,suchaspaper,plastic,glassormetal.Thenthecomputerwillcontrolthebintoopenthecorrespondingcompartment.Thisway,thetrashissortedautomatically.LiMingcameupwiththeideawhenhesawthecleanersworkinghardtosortthetrash.Hethoughtitwouldbegreatiftherewasatrashbinthatcouldsortwastebyitself.Sohestartedtoresearchanddesignthebin.Ittookhimmorethansixmonthstofinishtheinvention.“Ifacedmanychallengesduringtheprocess,”LiMingsaid.“Forexample,thesensorssometimescouldn’tdetectthetrashcorrectly.Ihadtotestdifferentsensorsandadjusttheprogrammanytimes.”Theinventionhasbeenpraisedbymanyenvironmentalexperts.Theysaidthattheautomatictrashbincangreatlyimprovetheefficiencyofwastesortingandreducetheworkloadofcleaners.SomecommunitiesinBeijinghavealreadystartedtousethetrashbins.LiMinghopesthathisinventioncanbewidelyusedinmoreplaces.“Iwanttocontributemyparttoenvironmentalprotection,”hesaid.“Everyonecanmakeadifferenceiftheyarewillingtotry.”29.WhathasLiMinginvented?A.Anewtypeofsensor.B.Asmallcomputer.C.Anautomaticwaste-sortingtrashbin.D.Acleaningrobot.30.Howdoesthetrashbinwork?A.Itiscontrolledbycleaners.B.Itusessensorsandacomputertosortwaste.C.Itsortswastebyhand.D.Itburnsthewasteautomatically.31.WhatinspiredLiMingtoinventthetrashbin?A.Thenationalenvironmentalinventionaward.B.Theadvicefromenvironmentalexperts.C.Seeingcleanersworkinghardtosorttrash.D.Theproblemofwastepollutioninhiscommunity.32.HowlongdidittakeLiMingtofinishtheinvention?A.Lessthanthreemonths.B.Morethansixmonths.C.Aboutoneyear.D.Morethantwoyears.DEnvironmentalprotectionisaglobalissuethatrequiresthejointeffortsofallcountries.However,somepeoplethinkthatindividualactionsaretoosmalltomakeadifference.Butthisisnottrue.Everysmallactioncancontributetoprotectingtheenvironment.Takesavingwaterasanexample.Ifeverypersonsavesoneliterofwateraday,billionsoflitersofwatercanbesavedayear.Thisisveryimportantforareasthatareshortofwater.Similarly,turningoffthelightswhenleavingaroomcansavealotofelectricity.Electricityismainlyproducedbyburningcoal,whichcausesairpollution.Sosavingelectricitycanreduceairpollution.Anotherexampleisplantingtrees.Treescanabsorbcarbondioxideandreleaseoxygen.Theycanalsopreventsoilerosion.Ifeveryoneplantsonetreeayear,theearthwillbecoveredwithmoregreenplants,andtheairwillbefresher.Individualactionscanalsoinfluenceothers.Whenyoutakeenvironmentalprotectionactions,yourfamily,friendsandclassmatesmaybeinspiredtodothesame.Gradually,moreandmorepeoplewilljoininenvironmentalprotectionactivities,andtheinfluencewillbecomelargerandlarger.Inconclusion,individualactionsareveryimportantforenvironmentalprotection.Weshouldnotunderestimatethepowerofsmallactions.Let’sstartfromourselvesanddoourbesttoprotecttheenvironment.33.Whatdosomepeoplethinkaboutindividualenvironmentalactions?A.Theyareveryimportant.B.Theyaretoosmalltomakeadifference.C.Theycaninfluenceothers.D.Theyaredifficulttotake.34.Howcansavingelectricityhelpprotecttheenvironment?A.Itcansavewater.B.Itcanreduceairpollution.C.Itcanpreventsoilerosion.D.Itcanincreasethenumberoftrees.35.Whatisthefunctionoftrees?A.Theycanproducecoal.B.Theycanabsorboxygen.C.Theycanabsorbcarbondioxideandreleaseoxygen.D.Theycancausesoilerosion.36.Howcanindividualactionsinfluenceothers?A.Byforcingotherstotakeactions.B.Bysettinganexampleandinspiringothers.C.Bygivingmoneytoothers.D.Bymakingspeechestoothers.EHereisaposterfromtheEnvironmentalProtectionClubofNo.1HighSchool.WelcometoJoinOur“GreenCampus”Campaign!Time:October15th-October22ndPlace:No.1HighSchoolCampusActivities:1.GreenLectureTime:October15th,3:00pm-4:30pmPlace:SchoolHallSpeaker:ProfessorZhangfromBeijingEnvironmentalUniversityTopic:HowtoProtecttheEnvironmentinDailyLife2.WasteRecyclingCompetitionTime:October18th,2:00pm-4:00pmPlace:SchoolPlaygroundRules:Eachclassformsateamof5students.Theteamthatrecyclesthemostwasteintwohourswillwinprizes.3.GreenHandicraftShowTime:October20th-October22ndPlace:SchoolLibraryHallRequirements:Studentscanmakehandicraftswithwastematerials,suchasplasticbottles,paperboxesandoldcloth.Thebestworkswillbeonshow.Sign-upTime:October10th-October14thSign-upPlace:ClubOffice(Room203,TeachingBuildingNo.3)ContactPerson:LiHuaPhoneNumber:138****5678Comeandjoinus!Let’smakeourcampusgreener!37.WhenwilltheGreenLecturebeheld?A.OnOctober10th.B.OnOctober15th.C.OnOctober18th.D.OnOctober20th.38.WhowillgivetheGreenLecture?A.LiHua.B.AstudentfromNo.1HighSchool.C.ProfessorZhangfromBeijingEnvironmentalUniversity.D.TheheadmasterofNo.1HighSchool.39.HowmanystudentsarethereineachteamfortheWasteRecyclingCompetition?A.3.B.5.C.8.D.10.40.Whatmaterialscanbeusedtomakegreenhandicrafts?A.Newcloth.B.Plasticbottles.C.Newpaperboxes.D.Newtoys.第三部分语言知识运用（共45分）三、完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstlearnedaboutenvironmentalprotection.IwasinGrade7atthattime.Ourteachertookustoaparknearourschool.Theparkwasoncebeautiful,butnowitwasfullof41.Therewereplasticbagsandbottleseverywhere.Theriverintheparkwas42andsmelly.Fishcouldnolongerbeseenintheriver.Somebirdswerelookingforfoodintherubbish.Itwasa43sight.Ourteachertoldusthattheparkhadchangedalotinthepastfewyears.Manypeoplecametotheparkforpicnics,buttheyleftalotofrubbishbehind.Factoriesneartheparkalso44wastewaterintotheriver.Asaresult,theparkbecamedirtyandtheenvironmentwas45.Afterseeingthis,Ifeltvery46.Idecidedtodosomethingtoprotecttheenvironment.WhenIwentbackhome,ItoldmyparentsaboutwhatIhadseen.They47withmeandsaidtheywouldsupportme.Thenextweekend,Iorganizedagroupofmyclassmatestocleanthepark.Webroughtgloves,rubbishbagsandtools.Wepickeduptherubbish,cleanedtheriverbankandplantedsomesmalltrees.Itwashardwork,butwefeltvery48whenwesawtheparkbecomingcleaner.Sincethen,Ihavebeentakingpartinenvironmentalprotectionactivities.IhavejoinedtheschoolEnvironmentalProtectionClub.Weoftenorganizeactivitiesliketree-plantingandwaste-recycling.Ialso49myfriendsandfamilytosavewaterandelectricity,andavoidusingsingle-useproducts.Ibelievethatifeveryone50alittleeffort,ourenvironmentwillbecomebetterandbetter.Protectingtheenvironmentisnotonlyaresponsibilitybutalsoawaytomakeourworldmorebeautiful.41.A.flowersB.rubbishC.treesD.birds42.A.cleanB.clearC.dirtyD.fresh43.A.beautifulB.sadC.excitingD.wonderful44.A.pouredB.drankC.carriedD.saved45.A.improvedB.destroyedC.protectedD.developed46.A.happyB.excitedC.angryD.sad47.A.disagreedB.agreedC.foughtD.argued48.A.tiredB.boredC.happyD.sad49.A.encourageB.forceC.stopD.prevent50.A.takesB.makesC.doesD.puts四、语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Environmentalprotectionhasbecomeoneofthemostimportantissuesintheworld.Withthedevelopmentofindustry,manyenvironmentalproblems51(appear)inrecentyears,suchasairpollution,waterpollutionandsoilpollution.Airpollutionisharmfultopeople’shealth.Itcancausemanydiseases,suchasasthmaandlungcancer.Themainsourcesofairpollutionarefactories,carsandpowerplants.Factoriesproducealotofsmokeandharmfulgases.Carsemitexhaustgases52arebadfortheair.Powerplantsburncoal53(produce)electricity,whichalsocausesairpollution.Waterpollutionisanotherseriousproblem.Manyriversandlakes54(pollute)bywastewaterfromfactoriesanddomesticsewage.Thisnotonlykillsfishandotheraquaticanimalsbutalsomakesthewaterunfitfordrinking.Peoplewhodrinkpollutedwatermaygetsick.Soilpollutionisalsoagreatconcern.Farmersusetoomuchfertilizerandpesticide,whichpollutethesoil.Wastematerialssuchasplasticbagsandbatteriesarealso55(harm)tothesoil.Pollutedsoilcannotgrowhealthycrops.Tosolvetheseenvironmentalproblems,weneedtotakeaction.Governmentsshouldmakestrictenvironmentallawsandenforcethem56(strict).Factoriesshouldtreattheirwastebefore57(release)it.Peopleshouldchangetheirlifestyle.Wecanusepublictransportationinsteadofcars,recyclewastematerialsandsavewaterandelectricity.Everyonehasaresponsibilitytoprotecttheenvironment.58weworktogether,wecanmakeadifferenceandcreatea59(clean)andgreenerworldforourselvesandfuture60(generation).第四部分写作（共35分）五、短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。MynameisTom.IamastudentfromGrade10.Iamdeeplyconcernedaboutenvironmentalprotection.Inmyopinion,protecttheenvironmentiseveryone’sresponsibility.Therearemanywaystoprotecttheenvironment.First,weshouldsavewater.Wecantakeshortershowerandturnoffthetapwhenwearenotusingit.Second,weshouldsaveelectricitybyturnoffthelightswhenweleavearoom.Third,weshouldavoidusesingle-useproducts,suchasplasticbagsanddisposablechopsticks.Instead,wecanusereusableproducts.Lastmonth,IjointheschoolEnvironmentalProtectionClub.Weorganizedaclean-upactivityinourcommunity.Wepickeduptherubbishandplantedsometrees.Manypeoplepraisedusforourhardwork.Ifeltveryproudofus.Ibelievethatifeveryonedoeshisbest,ourworldwillbecomemoreandmorebeautiful.Let’stakeactionnowandmakeadifferenceforourenvironment.六、书面表达（共25分）假设你是李华，你所在的学校将举办一场以“GreenLife,HealthyYou”为主题的英语演讲比赛。请你根据以下提示，写一篇演讲稿，呼吁同学们践行绿色生活方式。提示：1.绿色生活的重要性；2.绿色生活的具体做法（如节约资源、减少污染、绿色出行等）；3.发出倡议。要求：1.词数80-100；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；3.语句通顺，语意连贯，语法正确。GreenLife,HealthyYouDearteachersandclassmates,Goodmorning!I’mLiHua.It’smygreathonortostandhereandgiveaspeechaboutgreenlife.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Thankyouforlistening!参考答案与评分标准第一部分听力（共30分）1.A2.B3.C4.B5.B6.A7.B8.B9.A10.B11.A12.C13.B14.B15.C16.B17.B18.B19.A20.A（听力材料略，评分标准：每小题1.5分，共30分）第二部分阅读理解（共40分）21.B解析：文章主要介绍了日常生活中减少垃圾的几种方法，故选B。22.C解析：由第二段“Theycantakehundredsofyearstobreakdown.”可知，塑料袋需要数百年才能分解，故选C。23.C解析：由第三段“Itemslikedisposablechopsticks,plasticstrawsandpapercupsareusedonceandthenthrownaway.”可知，一次性筷子是一次性用品，故选C。24.B解析：由第四段“Youcansortyourwasteintodifferentbinsandtakethemtotherecyclingstation.”可知，要有效回收需将垃圾分类，故选B。25.B解析：由第二段“Thecountryhassetagoaltobecomecarbon-neutralby2050.”可知，丹麦的目标是2050年实现碳中和，故选B。26.C解析：由第三段“Windpoweristhemainsourceofenergyinthecountry.”可知，风能是丹麦主要的能源来源，故选C。27.B解析：由第四段“Morethan50%ofthepeopleinCopenhagenridebicyclestoworkorschooleveryday.”可知，哥本哈根被称为“自行车之都”是因为超过一半的人骑自行车上下班或上学，故选B。28.B解析：由第五段“Thosewhobreakthelawswillbefinedheavily.”可知，违法的工厂会被重罚，故选B。29.C解析：由第一段“A16-year-oldstudentnamedLiMingfromBeijinghasinventedanewtypeoftrashbinthatcansortwasteautomatically.”可知，李明发明了自动垃圾分类垃圾桶，故选C。30.B解析：由第二段“Thetrashbinisequippedwithsensorsandasmallcomputer.Whenpeoplethrowtrashintothebin,thesensorscandetectthetypeofthetrash...Thenthecomputerwillcontrolthebintoopenthecorrespondingcompartment.”可知，垃圾桶通过传感器和电脑进行垃圾分类，故选B。31.C解析：由第三段“LiMingcameupwiththeideawhenhesawthecleanersworkinghardtosortthetrash.”可知，看到清洁工辛苦分类垃圾启发了李明，故选C。32.B解析：由第三段“Ittookhimmorethansixmonthstofinishtheinvention.”可知，李明花了六个多月完成发明，故选B。33.B解析：由第一段“somepeoplethinkthatindividualactionsaretoosmalltomakeadifference.”可知，一些人认为个人行动太小，起不了作用，故选B。34.B解析：由第二段“Electricityismainlyproducedbyburningcoal,whichcausesairpollution.Sosavingelectricitycanreduceairpollution.”可知，节约用电能减少空气污染，故选B。35.C解析：由第三段“Treescanabsorbcarbondioxideandreleaseoxygen.”可知，树木能吸收二氧化碳并释放氧气，故选C。36.B解析：由第四段“Whenyoutakeenvironmentalprotectionactions,yourfamily,friendsandclassmatesmaybeinspiredtodothesame.”可知，个人行动通过树立榜样启发他人，故选B。37.B解析：由“GreenLecture”部分“Time:October15th,3:00pm-4:30pm”可知，绿色讲座在10月15日举行，故选B。38.C解析：由“Speaker:ProfessorZhangfromBeijingEnvironmentalUniversity”可知，演讲者是张教授，故选C。39.B解析：由“WasteRecyclingCompetition”部分“Eachclassformsateamof5students.”可知，每个团队5人，故选B。40.B解析：由“GreenHandicraftShow”部分“Studentscanmakehandicraftswithwastematerials,suchasplasticbottles,paperboxesandoldcloth.”可知，塑料瓶可用于