高考英语二轮复习（新高考版）阅读理解与七选五之体裁微解-新闻报道

第9讲体裁微解——新闻报道

题型分析

I—一__________________________________

新闻报道的第一句往往为全文的中心句（topicsentence）,因此在这个句子中主要讲清

what（事件），when（时间），where（地点）和who（人物），而在下文则要补充事件的过程和细节，

往往也括why（目的或原区）和how（具体过程）等。新闻报道的一些常用语包括Itisrcporicd

that...,Asisreported...,Accordingtothereport...,ItiseslimaledIhat…等。新闻报道亦为记叙

文，时态一般要用过去时；主句、从句结构清晰，语言客观平实，往往没有过分花哨的词汇

和过于复杂的句型。主要具有以下特点：

选材新闻报道要突出新闻性，作者应避免对该新闻事件进行主观判断和评价。

内容新闻报道的内容真实、新鲜、及时、重要、趣味可读，时效性极强。

结构标题+导语+正文+结束语

语言短小精悍（常用代词）；客观真实（被动语态和间接引语的使用）。

题型主要为观点推断题；考查语篇衔接，推断某一特定词或者短语的指代内容；

命题

考查主旨归纳题。

解题策略

rI一.'"一■__________________________________

新闻报道主要是提供事实信息，一般是简单叙述事件发生的五要素，事件经过和各方反

应，很少去探究事件背后深层次的原因。新闻报道的体裁主要有消息、通讯，通常采用记叙

的方式来讲清事实（即时间、地点、人物、事件、原因），强调用事实说话，注重准确客观。

因此，做题时要关注新闻报道的结构和细节。具体答题黄略如卜.：

扇桎豆7a首段通常是导语，说明文堂的中

新闻i研.导川口心人物或事件,即文章的主题

报道

解题直接读题）-i判断题目类型，找出定位词

策略

件杰..J根据定位词，在原文中找出关

督缶也厂）链句，对照选项确定答案

r感悟真题•体验技法」

（2019•浙江B）

Moneywithnostringsattached.It'snotsomethingyouseeeveryday.ButatUnionStationin

LosAngeleslastmonth,aboardwentupwithdollarbillsattachedtoitwithpinsandasignthat

read,“GiveWhatYouCan,TakeWhatYouNeed.”

Peoplequicklycaughton.Andwhilemanytookdollars,manyotherspinnedtheirowncashto

theboard.*4Peopleofallages,races,andsocio-economic（社会经济的）backgroundsgaveand

took,"saidTylerBridgesofTheToolbox,whichcreatedtheproject."Weevenhadabrideinher

weddingdresscomeuptotheboardandtakeafewdollars.'*Mostof（hebillsontheboardwere

singles,butafewpeopleleftfives,tensandeventwenties.Thevideoclip（片段）showsoneman

whohadfoundaS20billpinningittotheboard.

“WhatIcansayforthefolksthatgavethemost,isthattheywerefullofsmiles,“Bridges

said."There'sacertainfeelingthatgivingcandoforyouandthatwasapparentinthosethatgave

themost."Mostpeoplewhotookdollarstookonlyafew,butBridgessaidaverysmallnumber

tookasmuchastheycould.

Whiletheclipmightlooklikepartofanewadcampaign,Bridgessaidtheonlygoalwasto

showgenerosityandsympathy.Headdedthathehopespeopleinothercitiesmighttrysimilar

projectsandposttheirownvideosontheInternet.

uAfterall,everyonehasbaddaysandgooddays,"hesaid."Somedaysyouneedahelping

handandsomedaysyoucarbetheonegivingthehelpinghand.”

语篇解读这是一篇新闻报道。本文向读者介绍了TylerBridges创办的一项“尽你所能，取

你所需”的活动。这一活动吸引了许多不同的人，其唯一目的就是证明人们的慷慨和同情心。

结果显示，人们付出的多，拿取的少，达到了预期的效果。

24.Whatdoestheexpression“Moneywithnostringsattached.vinparagraph1mean?

A.Moneyspentwithouthesitation.

B.Moneynotlegallymade.

C.Moneyofferedwithoutconditions.

D.Moneynottiedtogether.

答案C

解析句意理解题。根据下文的内容并结合木板上写的“GiveWhalYouCan,TakeWhatYou

Need."可知，附在木板上的钱是可以随意取的，并不附带任何条件，故选C。

25.WhatdidBridgeswanttoshowbymentioningthebride?

A.Womentendedtobemoresociable.

B.Theactivityattractedvariouspeople.

C.Economicproblemsweregettingworse.

D.Youngcouplesneededfinancialassistance.

答案B

解析推理判断题。根据第二段的内容,尤其是^Peopleofallages,races...evenhadabrideM

可推知，Bridges提到新娘参与该活动是为了说明参与人员的多样性，故选B。

26.WhydidBridgescarryout（heproject?

A.Todoatestonpeople'smorals.

B.rIbraisemoneyforhiscompany.

C.Toearnhimselfagoodreputation.

D.Topromotekindnessandsympathy.

答案D

解析细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第一句并结合全文内容可知，Bridges开展这个活动的目

的是提倡仁慈和同情，故选D。

I随堂演练

[-__________________________________

A

(2022・山东济宁一模)

LaunchedinSingaporelastNovember,HongKong-basedcompanyOmnifoodshasintroduced

arangeofsixplanl-basedseafoodstostandinfortuna,crabandwhilefish.Similartotheirpork

substitutes,thenewproductsaresaidtoofferasafeandalternativesourceofproteinwhiletackling

environmentalconcernslikeoverfishingandworseningoftheseas.

Oninifbodsfexpansioncomesatatimewhenthemarketforplant-basedproductsis

growing.AccordingtoEnterpriseSingapore,localinterestinsensibleconsumptiondoubledin

2021，andflexitarians-peoplewhoprimarilyeataplant-baseddietbutoccasionallyconsumemeat

orseafood—representthefastestgrowth.Theoceanisanotherreasoncitedastheneedfor

plant-basedseafood.Theaveragepersonhereconsumed22kgofseafoodlastyear,surpassingthe

globalaverageof20kg.TheWorldWideFundforNature(WWF)alsoobsenedthatthreequarters

oftheseafoodservedinSingaporeisunsustainable.Besides,fishfarminginvolvestheuseof

chemicalstopreventdiseaseandparasitesandthesechemicalsthenaccumulateinfishtissues,

whichbecomesaseriousthreattopeople'shealth.

Omnifoodssaystheirproductsaddressalltheseconcerns.Madeprimarilyfrom

non-gene(icallymodifiedsoybeans>theplant-basedaltemauvesarefreeofharmfulsubstances,

absolutelysafe.Thecompanypointedoutthattheproductsshareasimilarlook,feelandtasteofthe

realthing."Wc'vedonepilottastetestswithfriends,family,andonesushirestaurant.Many

admiretheappearanceandmouthfeelthatourtunaproducthasaswellasitsnutritional

benefits.Nowwearestrugglingtoimproveourproductuntilit，sanexactmatchortastesbetter

thananimal-basedtuna,“addedDavidYeung.

BesidesOninifbods,Singaporecompaniesarealsoexploringthealternativeseafood

market.GrowthwellGrouprecentlyraisedUS$22milliontofunditsattemptintoshrimp,squidand

crabmadeusingchickpeaprotein.uGlobaldemandforplant-basedmeatsisalsoshootingup：with

thevaluesettoreachUS$23.2billionby2024,“saidmarketresearchcompanyEuromonitor.

Do

B

Watchinghisfatherdiewithoutoxygensupportwhilesufferingfromaheartattackin2020,

TaherMahmudTarif,aBangladeahiboy,madeuphismindtobuildadevicetopreventanymore

suchtragicdeaths.Afterwards,manyCOVID-19patientsexperiencedlowoxygenlevelsintheir

blood,withdemandfbroxygenconcentrators（浓缩器）amongothermedicalequipmentshootingup

duringtherecentsharpriseincases.Tarifsaidthesituationgavehimmoredrivingforcetobuildthe

device.

WiththefinancialandoverallsupportofIshwardiUNOofficeandhiseducationalinstitution,

Tarif'sdeterminationandtirelesseffortswererewardedwithsuccessastheninthgraderof

IshwardiSaraMarwariHighSchoolmanagedtomaketheconcentratoraftertryingfivetimesfor

aboutsevenmonths,mainlyusingdomesticcomponents.Hesaidthatalocallymadeoxygen

concentratorlikehiscostsapproximately$760whereasanimportedonedoesover$2,600.

InJune,TarifgaveadetailedaccountofhisinventionandmanufactureattheUNOofficein

Ishwardiat11*00amonTuesday.Hesaiditwascreatedfromhisownthinkingandwiththe

additionoflocaltechnologygeneratorsandelectriccomponents.Anoxygenconcentratortakesin

airandremovesnitrogen（氮气）fromit,leavingoxygen-enrichedgasforusebypeopleneeding

medicaloxygen.uAbout90percentoxygenconcentrationcanbegeneratedfrommyoxygen

concentratormachine.Thismachinecanprovidehigh-flowoxygensupplytoo.Itcanbeveryhandy

inlocalareaswithnoscopeofgettingoxygensupport,"Tarifadded.

“Thisisobviouslyagoodinventionforoxygengeneration.ltiscapableofproducing

high-Howoxygensoitcanbeusedforpatientsorrefillingoxygenbottles,“saidanassistant

professorofPabnaMedicalCollegeHospital.uDespitemorelabandotherexaminationsbefore

usingthemachineasmedicalequipment,“theUNOsaid,“Tarif'sinventionwillprobablybe

agreatachievementduringthisalarmingCOVID-19situation.

语篇解读本文是一篇新闻报道。孟加拉国的一位少年在经历了父亲因缺氧去世，又目睹了

新冠疫情下众多病人因缺用生命危在旦夕之后，在自己的不懈努力和当地联合国组织的资助

下，成功利用国内配件自制出氧气压缩机。

5.WhydidTarifbuildanoxygenconcentrator?

A.Becausehisfatherneededone.

B.BecausehisfatherdiedofCOVID-19.

C.BecauseCOVID-19patientsneedoxygen.

D.Becausehewantstohelpsaveotherpatients.

答案D

解析细节理解题。根据第一段第一句和最后一句可知，Tarif的父亲因缺氧去世以及新冠病

人需要氧气的现状是他发明氧气压缩机的动机，即为了拯救更多因缺氧而危在旦夕的病人。

故选Do

6.WhatcanweknowaboutTarif?sinventioninparagraph2?

A.Itmostlyconsistsoflocalparts.

B.Itsucceededatthefirstattempt.

C.Itwasmadewithoutothers?help.

D.Itcostsmorethan2,600dollars.

答案A

解析细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中的"mainlyusingdomesticcomponents”可知，Tarif

的发明主要使用国内配件,故选A。

7.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?

A.Tarif*sinventionhasnotbeentestedyet.

B.Tarif,sinventionhasapromisingfuture.

C.Tarif'sinventionproducesoxygenbottles.

D.Tarif*sinventionhasprovedusefulforCOVID-19.

答案B

解析推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，虽然这项发明在正式作为医疗器械之前还

需要更多的试验和测试，但它很可能将在应对疫情中发挥重要的作用。故选B。

8.Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?

A.Adiary.B.Abrochure.

C.Anewspaper.D.Anovel.

答案C

解析文章出处题。本文围绕孟加拉国少年Tarif发明氧气压缩机而展开，第一段介绍了氧气

压缩机的发明背景，第二段叙述了Tarif发明氧气压缩机的过程，第三段说明了氧气压缩机的

工作原理，最后一段展望了氯气压缩机的应用前景。所以本文很有可能是一篇选自报纸的新

闻报道。故选C。

强化练（十五）新闻报道

A

（2022•广东一模）

Desperatetohelphis96-year-oldmothertospeakhermothertongueagain,KeithMcDermott

madeanappealonsocialmediaandwasmetwithafloodofkindresponses.Theoldlady,Ray,was

movedtotearsaftertalkingonthephonewithoneoftheenthusiasticrespondentsinWelsh.

RaymovedtoAmericaaftermeetingherhusbandwhenshewasonly18,hencewaving

goodbyetoherlifeinWalcs.ShccontinuedtospeakWelshwithhermum—keepingalittlebitof

home.Butshelostherbelovedmumfourdecadesagoandhadn'tspokenWelsheversince.

Despitesufferingfromshort-termmemorylossandsometimesnotrememberingwhatshehas

donerecently,Ray'schildhoodmemoriesinWalesremainclear.uShewantstoreturnbutIknow,

givenherage,suchlong-distancetravelisoutofthequestion."saidKeilh."Onceshementioned

'IwishIcouldspeakWelshagainbutIsupposeIneverwill.5IIwasthenthatIthoughtIshould

makeherwishhappen.M

SoKeith,70,postedonsocialmediaintheNewYorkWelshareaaskingforanyWelsh

speakersIhatcouldspeakWelshwithhismum.Andhewastouched,aswellasalittleshocked,to

receiveover30responseswithinhalfanhour.KeiththankedeveryoneandeventuallyaskedMelisa

togivehisinumaphonecall“SpeakingwithMelisa,her(Ray's)Welshwasalittlerusty.Afew

moreWelshconversationsandIthinkshe'dbefluentagain।"addedKeilh.

“Whenyouhaveaparentintheirnineties,youwillfindyoutwohavesomethingin

common：you'rcbothold,so1amverysympathetictomymother*sfeelingsoflonelinessand

isolation(孤立).I'mfeelingitmyself/'Keithhopestoset卬moreWelshphoneconversationsfor

hismumandMelisahaspromisedtosendRaysomeshortstoriesinWelshtoremindherofherlite

inWales.

语篇解读这是一则新闻报道。这篇文章主要讲了KeilhMcDermott急切地想帮助96岁的母

亲再次说母语，于是他在社交媒体上发出了呼吁，并得到了大量善意的回应。

1.WhydidKeithpostamessageonsocialmedia?

A.TogatherAmericanWelshspeakers.

B.TohelphismumspeakWelshagain.

C.Toslowdownhismum'smemoryloss.

D.Totrackdownhisfamily'sWelshorigin.

答案B

解析细节理解题。根据第一段第一句可知，Keith在社交媒体上发信息是想帮他妈妈乔次说

威尔士语。故选B。

2.HowdidKeithfeelafterseeingtheresponses?

A.Surprisedandmoved.

B.Concernedand(hankful.

C.Sympatheticandexcited.

D.Astonishedandisolated.

答案A

解析细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第二句可知，Keith差到这些回应后，感到既吃惊又感动。

故选Ao

3.Whatisconveyedinthestory?

A.Socialmediacontributetocloserfamilyties.

B.Mothertonguemeansmorethanalanguage.

C.Childhoodexperiencesshapeone*slaterlife.

D.Onewillbemoresensitivewhengettingolder.

答案B

解析推理判断题。根据最后一段并结合整篇文章内容可知，这篇文章传达了这样一个理念：

母语不仅仅意味着一种语言，它是内心深处的一种细腻温暖的情感的体现。故选B。

4.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?

A.Acommunitynoticeboard.

B.Ahealthmagazine.

C.Alanguage-learningwebsite.

D.Alocalnewspaper.

答案D

解析文章出处题。根据第一段第一句并结合整篇文章内容可知，这篇文章主要讲了Keith

McDemiott急切地想帮助96岁的母亲再次说母语，于是他在社交媒体上发出了呼吁，并得到

了大量善意的回应。由此可见这是一则新闻报道，最可能出现在当地的一家报纸上。故选D。

B

（2022•福建漳州质检）

GuyBryantneverintendedtobeafatherfigure.Butoverthepast12years,he'shousedmore

than50fosterkidsinhisBrooklynapartment.

Fordecades,Bryant.6hworkedwithteensagingoutofNewYork'schildwelfaresystem.His

jobwastofindsen-icesthatwouldmakethetransition（过渡）tolivingontheirowneasier.Buthe

feltthatwhathecouldaccomplishattheNewYorkCityAdministrationforChildren'sServices

officewasn'tenough.Soin2（X）7»hedecidedtobecomeafosterparent.

Inaninterviewlastmonth,BryanttoldRomarioVassell,21,oneofhisfosterchildren,that

agreeing（ocareforhimwasdefinitelyoneofthebestdecisionshemadeinfostercare.Bryantcold

Vassellthathewasnervouswhenhelookinhisfirstfbslerchild.Hesaid,“Ilivedaloneatthat

point,andhewasakidthatnobodywantedtotakebecauseofhisbehaviors.Hegotinafightand

heappearedatmyhouse.MBryantsaidhisfamilythoughthewasoutofhismindformakingsucha

biglifestylechangeandwonderedhowBiyantwouldadjust.

BryanthadbeenVassell'sassignedcaseworkerwhentheymet.BryantsuggestedthatVasselL

thenanuntidy18-ycar-old,considerfostercareasanoptiontogetoutofthehomelessshelter

wherehewasstaying.

Atfirst,Vassellwashesitant.u\didn，tknowhowfostercarewas,vhesaid.

SincelivingwithBryant,Vassellnowfeelslikehehasasupportnetwork.<4IfIfeeldownand

likermcornered,IhavesomeoneIcanreachouttoandUlkto,vhesaid.uAndthat'swhatI

reallylove.v

BryanttoldVassell,**Whateveryou'vclearnedfromme,Iwantyoutoteachittosomeone

else.Becausethat'swhat'simportanttome.”

语篇解读本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是GuyBryant妆养了50多个孩子的善举。

5.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?

A.Theshiftofteens,life.

B.AnintroductionofBryant'stask.

C.Biyant'schallengeasafosterparent.

D.ThereasonforBryant'sbeingafosterparent.

答案D

解析段落大意题。根据第二段第三、四句可知，第二段的主要内容是Bryant成为养父母的

原因。故选Do

6.HowdidBryant'sfamilyfeelabouthisdecision?

A.Disappointed.B.Ashamed.

C.Puzzled.D.Embarrassed.

答案C

解析推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句可知，Bryant的家人对他的决定感到不解和困惑,

故选C。

7.WhatcanweknowaboutVassellfromthetext?

A.Heisnowlivingalone.

B.HewasBi-yant'sfirstfosterkid.

C.HerefusedBryant*sofferatfirst.

D.Hewasinstructedtopaykindnessforward.

答案D

解析细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，瓦塞尔被教导要继续行善。故选D。

8.Whatistheauthor,spurposeinwritingthetext?

A.Tocallforsocialcare.

B.TopraiseBiyant'sdeeds.

C.TotellthestoryofVassell.

D.lbcommentonBryant*slife.

答案B

解析写作意图题。通读全文，尤其是第一段可知，本文主要讲的是GuyBryant收养了50

多个孩子的善举，因此本文的目的是赞美Bryant的事迹。故选B。

C

Halfofallworktaskswillbehandledbymachinesby2025inashiftlikelytoworsen

inequality,aWorldEconomicForumreporthasforecast.

Thethinktanksaidarobotrevolution“wouldcreate97millionjobsworldwidebutdestroy

almostasmany,leavingmunitiesatrisk.Routineormanualjobsinadministrationand

dataprocessingweremostatthreatofautomation,WEFsaid.Butitsaidtherewouldbeaneedfor

newjobsincare>bigdataandthegreeneconomy.

TheWEFsurveyed300oftheworld'sbiggestccmpanies,withmorethan8million

employeesglobally.Morethan50%ofemployerssurveyedsaidtheyexpectedtospeedupthe

automationofsomerolesintheircompanies,while43%同ttheywerelikelytocutjobsdueto

technology.

WEFsaidthepandemic（疫情）hadspedup（headoptionofnewtechnologiesasfirmslooked

tocutcostsandadoptnewwaysofworking.Butitwarnedworkersnowfacedadoublethreatfrom

uacceleratingautomationandtheeconomicimpactfromtheCOVID-19”.

“Thesethingshavedeepenedexistinginequalitiesacrosslabormarketsandremovedgainsin

employmentmadesincetheglobalfinancialcrisisin2007—2008."saidSaadiaZahidi,maraging

directoratWEF."Thewindowofopportuiiityforactivemanagementofthischangeisclosingfast.”

WEFsaidcurrentlyarcundathirdofallworktaskswerehandledbymachines,withhumans

doingtherest,butby2025thebalancewouldshift.Rolesthatreliedonhumanskillssuchas

advising,decision-making,reasoning,comnmnicatingandinteractingwouldriseindemand.There

wouldalsobeasuddenlargeincreaseindemandforworkerstofillgreeneconomyjobs,andnew

rolesinareaslikeengineeringandcloudcomputing.

Butitsaidmillionsofroutineormanualjobswouldbedisplacedbytechnology,affectingthe

lowestpaid»lowest