(英语)英语阅读理解专项

（英语）英语阅读理解专项一、高中英语阅读理解1．阅读理解

AtopalmosteveryTokyovisitor'smust-seelist,Harajukuisoneofthecity'smostnamed-checkedneighborhoods.Here'saquicklookatsomeofthehighlightseveryHarajukuvisitorshouldexperience.

TakeshitaStreet

Thefirstthingyou'regoingtowanttodoisgetsuckedintothevortexofTakeshitaStreet,thebestplacetotrypurikuruphotoboothsandobservethelatestcosplaytrends-fromCothicLolitatocyberpunk.

WEGOisapopularfashionchainofferingthelatesttrendsandasectionforvintageclothes.Tutuannaiswhereyoucanfindinterestingsocksthatwilladdanampledoseofkawaiitoyouroutfit.

CatStreet

CatStreetismorerelaxingplacetostrollandshop,withstoresfocusingonhigher-endbrands.

RAGTAGisthebestplacetofindsecond-handitems.HarajukuChicagoboastsawidevarietyofvintageclothes,includingbaseballteamhappicoatsandtraditionalkimonos.

OmotesandoAvenue

AnotherfamousshoppingstreetOmotesandoAvenueisalarge,tree-linedthoroughfarethatcutsthroughHarajukuandisfilledwithhundredsofshopsandrestaurants.

SukajyanDept,atinysouvenirjacketstore,ispackedwiththeworksofKenKakinuma.TOKYUPlazaOmotesandoHarajukuiswhereyou'llfindthatfamousmirroredentrancewaythatsomanytravelersshareontheinternet.（1）Ifyouwanttobuyvintageclothing,whereshouldyougo?A.WEGO&Tutuanna.B.SukajyanDept&RAGTAG.C.WEGO&HarajukuChicago.D.RAGTAG&HarajukuChicago.（2）WhenvisitingOmotesandoAvenue,youmay

.A.buyinterestingsocks.B.takearelaxingwalk.C.trypurikuraphotobooths.D.postthemirroredentrancewayonline.（3）Whichsectionofthewebsitemaythetextbechosenfrom?A.Travel.B.Business.C.Entertainment.D.Fashion.【答案】（1）C（2）D（3）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了东京原宿三条著名的商业街及其特色。（1）考查细节理解。根据TakeshitaStreet部分中的”WEGOisapopularfashionchainoffering...vintageclothes”可知，WEGO销售老式衣服；根据CatStreet部分中的“HarajukuChicagoboastsawidevarietyofvintageclothes”可知，HarajukuChicago也卖老式衣服。故选C。（2）考查推理判断。根据OmotesandoAvenue部分中的”TokyuPlazaOmotesandoHarajukuis...thatsomanytravelersshareontheInternet”可知，原宿表参道东急购物中心是许多游客在网上分享的著名的有镜子的入口的地方。可推知，在参观表参道大街的时候，你可能做的事情是找到在网上发布有镜子的入口。故选D。（3）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的”AtopalmosteveryTokyovisitor'smust-seelist”和”everyHarajukuvisitorshouldexperience”和下文的内容可知，本文主要为旅游者介绍东京原宿的旅游商业街。可知，本文可能选自网站的旅游版块。故选A。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。2．阅读理解

A3-year-oldboywhowaslostinthewoodsfortwodaysisnowsafeathomewithhisfamily.ButCaseyHathawaytoldhisrescuersthathewasnotaloneintherainy,freezingcoldwoods.Hesaidhewaswithafriend—abear.

ThechildwentmissingonJanuary22.Hewasplayingwithfriendsathisgrandmother'shouseinthesouthernstateofNorthCarolina.WhentheotherchildrenreturnedhomebutCaseydidnot,thefamilysearchedtheareaforalmostanhourbeforecallingthepolice.Policeformedasearchandrescueteamtolookfortheyoungboyinthenearbywoods.Buttwodayswentbyandstill—noCasey.

ThenonJanuary24,someonecalledthepolicesayingheheardachildcryinginthewoods.PolicefollowedupontheinformationandfoundCaseyatabout9:30thatnight.Theypulledhimoutofsomebriar.Hewasingoodhealth.Caseytoldtherescuersthathehadhungoutwithablackbearfortwodays,abearhecalledhis"friend".

SheriffChipHughesspokewithreportersfromseveralnewsagencies.HesaidCaseydidnotsayhowhewasabletosurviveinthewoodsforthreedaysinthecold,rainyweather.However,thesheriffsaid,"Hedidsayhehadafriendinthewoodsthatwasabearthatwaswithhim."

Hundredsofpeoplehelpedinthesearchandrescueefforts,includingsome600volunteers,federalpoliceandmembersofthemilitary.OfficerHughestoldreportersthatatnopointdidhethinkCaseyhadbeenkidnapped.

HismotherBrittanyHathawaytalkedwithreportersfromalocalnewsagencyandthankedeveryonewhojoinedthesearchforherson."Wejustwanttotelleverybodythatwe'reverythankfulthatyoutookthetimeouttosearchforCaseyandprayedforhim,andhe'sgood,"saidhismother."Heisgood,heisupandtalking.He'salreadyaskedtowatchNetflix.So,he'sgood…"（1）WhendidCaseygetlost?A.

OnJanuary24.

B.

Aftera911call.C.

Beforehisplaymatescame.

D.

Afterhelefthisgrandmother'shouse.（2）Whatcanweknowabouttheboy?A.

Hesurvivedwiththehelpofabear.B.

Therescuersrescuedhimfromabear.C.

Someoneofferedkeyinformationtofindhim.D.

HewaseventuallyfoundbyofficerHughes.（3）Whydidthemothersaythatinthelastparagraph?A.

Toreportthedetailedsituation.

B.

Toshowhergratitudeandrelief.C.

Toinviteeveryonetowatchherchild.

D.

Toappreciatesearchersandthebear.（4）Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?A.

Anewsreport.

B.

Aguidebook.

C.

Adiary.

D.

Anadvertisement.【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）B（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，男孩凯西在离开祖母家后就失踪了。两天之后,警察根据得到的线索在树林里找到了凯西。凯西告诉他的救援人员在森林里的这两天他一直和一只熊在一起。（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“ThechildwentmissingonJanuary22.Hewasplayingwithfriendsathisgrandmother'shouseinthesouthernstateofNorthCarolina.WhentheotherchildrenreturnedhomebutCaseydidnot”,可知这个孩子在1月22日失踪了。他正在他的祖母在北卡罗来纳州南部州的房子里玩耍。当其他孩子回家时,凯西却没有。也就是在离开祖母的房子后,凯西没有回家,失踪了。故选D。（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“ThenonJanuary24,someonecalledthepolicesayingheheardachildcryinginthewoods.PolicefollowedupontheinformationandfoundCaseyatabout9:30thatnight.”可知然后在1月24日,有人打电话给警察,说他听到一个孩子在树林里哭泣。警方跟进了该消息,并于当晚9点30分发现了凯西。所以是有人提供了关键的信息来帮助找到这个男孩。故选C。（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"‘Wejustwanttotelleverybodythatwe'reverythankfulthatyoutookthetimeouttosearchforCaseyandprayedforhim,andhe'sgood,‘saidhismother.’Heisgood,heisupandtalking.He'salreadyaskedtowatchNetflix.So,he'sgood…’"可知男孩凯西的妈妈说:"我们只想告诉大家,我们非常感谢您抽出宝贵的时间去搜寻凯西并为他祈祷,他的状况很好。""他很好,他在说话。他已经被要求观看Netflix。所以,他很好……",从妈妈的话中可知她很感激大家的帮助,她说这些话的目的就是为了向救援人员表达自己的感激。同时她强调凯西一切都好,感到很欣慰。故选B。（4）考查推理判断。本文讲述了一个小男孩失踪后被找到的事情,文中有具体的时间地点和各方人物,描述详细客观,结合最后一段中的talkedwithreportersfromalocalnewsagency可以推断这最有可能是一篇新闻报道。故选A。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。3．阅读理解

Throughouthistory,artist,inventors,writersandscientistshavesolvedproblemsintheirdreams.Now,let'shavealooktogetheratsomeofthem.

⒈PaulMcCartneyFoundYesterdayinadream

PaulMcCartneyisoneofthemostfamoussingers/songwritersofalltime.AccordingtotheGuinnessBookofRecords,hisBeatlessongYesterday(1965)hasthemostcover（翻唱）versionsofanysongeverwrittenand,accordingtorecordlabelBMI，wasperformedoversevenmilliontimesinthe20thcentury.

ThetuneforYesterdaycametoPaulMcCartneyinadream.

“Iwokeupwithalovelytuneinmyhead.Ithought,'That'sgreat,Iwonderwhatthatis?'Therewasanuprightpianonexttome,totherightofmybedbythewindow.Igotoutofbed,satatthepiano,foundG,foundFsharpminor----andthatleadsyouthroughthentoBtoEminor,andfinallybacktoE.Itallleadsforwardlogically.Ilikedthemelodyalot,butbecauseI'ddreamedit,Icouldn'tbelieveI'dwrittenit.Ithought,'No,I'veneverwrittenanythinglikethisbefore.'ButIhadthetune,whichwasthemostmagicthing!”

⒉MaryShelley'sFrankenteinInspiredbyaDream

Inthesummerof1816,nineteen-year-oldMaryWollstonecraftGodwinandherlover,thepoetPercyShelley(whomshemarriedlaterthatyear),visitedthepoetLordByronathisvillabesideLakeGenevainSwitzerland.Stormyweatherfrequentlyforcedthemindoors,wheretheyandByron'sotherguestssometimesreadfromavolumeofghoststories.Oneevening,Byronchallengedhisgueststoeachwriteonethemselves.

Mary'sstory,inspiredbyadream,becameFrankentein（科学怪人）.

“WhenIplacedmyheaduponmypillow,Ididnotsleep,norcouldIbesaidtothink----Myeyesshut,Isaw------withmyacutementalvision----thepalestudentofunholyartskneelingbesidethethinghehadputtogether.Isawtheuglyfigureofamanstretchout,andthen,ontheworkingofsomepowerfulengine,showsignsoflife,andtremblewithanuneasymotion,extremelyfrightful.ThenextmorningIannouncedthatIhadthoughtofastory.Ibeganthatdaywiththewords,'ItwasonadullnightofNovember',makingonlyatranscript(文字稿)ofthecruelterrorofmywakingdream.”（1）Wecanlearnfromthewholepassagethat_________.A.

Somegreatstories,poemsandsongswerecreatedwhiletheirwritersslept

B.

PaulMcCartneylikeswritingsongsindreamsC.

FrankenteinwaswrittenbyByron'sguests

D.

ByronwasanuglyfrightfulFrankentein（2）Theunderlinedword“melody”hasthesimilarmeaningof_______.A.

dream

B.

song

C.

tune

D.

instrument（3）Whichisthebesttitleofthewholepassage?A.

TheGreatestwriters

B.

ThemostfamoussongandstoryC.

Greatdreamsthatcometrue

D.

Howtodream【答案】（1）A（2）C（3）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，纵观历史，很多艺术家、发明家、作家和科学家都曾经在梦中解决问题。本文举例讲述了两个梦境成真的故事。（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Throughouthistory,artist,inventors,writersandscientistshavesolvedproblemsintheirdreams.Now,let'shavealooktogetheratsomeofthem.”可知，很多艺术家、发明家、作家和科学家都曾经在梦中解决问题。因此可知，一些伟大的故事，诗歌和歌曲是在作家睡觉的时候创作的。故选A。（2）考查词义猜测。根据

⒈PaulMcCartneyFoundYesterdayinadream部分中的“Iwokeupwithalovelytuneinmyhead.”可知，“我”醒来脑海中还有那可爱的旋律，结合下文的叙述，我身边正好有钢琴，我下了床，坐在钢琴边，谱出了曲子合乎逻辑，因此可知，此处表示我非常喜欢这个曲调。melody指的是曲调。故选C。（3）考查主旨大意。根据开篇所说，结合下面的举例可推知，文章主要是在讲梦想照进现实，梦在现实中成真了。因此推断C项“好梦成真”为最佳标题。故选C。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。4．阅读理解

UnitedStateshealthofficialsareurgingpeopletostopusingelectroniccigarettes,knownase-cigarettes.Thecalltoactioncameaftersuchproductswerelinkedtohealthproblems.Fivedeathshavealsobeenreported.E-cigarettesareapopularsubstituteforsmokingproducts.Theelectronicdevicesheatliquidthatincludesflavoring,nicotineandotherchemicalsintovapor—verysmallparticlesthatusersbreathein.Nicotineisfoundinmanyplants,includingtobacco.E-cigarettesorsimilardevicesalsocanprovideTHCorothersubstancestousers.THCisthenaturalchemicalpresentinmarijuana(大麻)plantsthatgivesusersthementalstateknownasa"high".

E-cigarettesaresaidtobesaferthannormalcigarettesbecausetheydonotcreatethecancer-causingbyproductsofburningtobacco.Yethealthofficialssaye-cigaretteusershavereportedshortnessofbreathandotherbreathingproblems,suchascoughingandchestpain.Somehavebeensicktothestomach,feltverytired,sufferedweightlossordevelopedhighbodytemperatures.Onereportnotedthatmostofthe53illnessesreportedinIllinoisandWisconsinwererelatedtoTHCvaping(气化)products.Butnearly20percentofthepatientsinhaled(吸入)substanceslikenicotinefrome-cigarettes.Mostofthereportedcaseswereofyoungmen.

Thereportfoundthat,"Sincenosingleproductorsubstancehasbeenassociatedwiththeillness,personsshouldconsidernotusinge-cigaretteswhilethisinvestigationisongoing."LastNovember,TheCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention,orCDC,reportedthat"e-cigaretteuseincreasedconsiderablyamongU.S.middleandhighschoolstudentsduring2017—2018."Amonghighschoolstudents,itfounde-cigaretteuserosefrom220,000studentsin2011to3.05millionin2018.

OnMonday,theFoodandDrugAdministration,orFDAgaveawarningtoJUULLabs,makerofthebest-sellinge-cigarettes.TheFDAaccusedthecompanyofillegallymarketingitsproductsasbeing"saferthancigarettes"withouttheagency'sapproval.Inastatement,theFDA'sactingcommissionersaidthat,"JUULhasignoredthelaw,andhasmadesomeofthesestatementsinschooltoournation'syouth."AJUULspokesmansaidthecompanyisstudyingtheFDA'scommentsand"willfullycooperate".（1）Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribee-cigarettes?A.Deadly.B.Harmless.C.Infectious.D.Effective.（2）Whatchangewillbecausedwhensmokersinhalee-cigarettescontainingTHC?A.Theywillbehealthier.B.Theywillloseweight.C.Theywillfeelexcited.D.Theywillbepeaceful.（3）WhatinformationaboutJUULLabscanwegetfromthelastparagraph?A.Studentsbecameitsmainmarketingtargets.B.FDAdidn'tagreeonitswayofpromotingitsproducts.C.Itcompletelydeniedwhatitwasaccusedof.D.E-cigaretteswereinventedbyit.（4）Whatcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.Say"No"tocigarettesB.Asharpriseofe-cigarettesuseamongyoungpeople.C.Safere-cigarettesareneededforhealth.D.E-cigarettes—apotentialkiller.【答案】（1）A（2）C（3）B（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，美国卫生官员敦促人们停止使用电子烟，电子烟同人们的健康问题有关。并介绍电子烟是怎样危害人们健康的。（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“UnitedStateshealthofficialsareurgingpeopletostopusingelectroniccigarettes,knownase-cigarettes.Thecalltoactioncameaftersuchproductswerelinkedtohealthproblems.Fivedeathshavealsobeenreported.”美国卫生官员敦促人们停止使用电子烟。在这些产品被发现与健康问题有关后，呼吁采取行动。另外报道有五人死亡。由此可推断，电子烟不但影响人们健康，而且有可能是致命的，故选A。（2）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“E-cigarettesorsimilardevicesalsocanprovideTHCorothersubstancestousers.THCisthenaturalchemicalpresentinmarijuana(大麻)plantsthatgivesusersthementalstateknownasa‘high’.”电子烟或类似的设备也可以向使用者提供THC或其他物质。THC是存在于大麻植物中的自然化学物质，给予使用者一种“high”的心理状态。这里的“high”指的是喝醉或者吸毒后的那种兴奋的状态，因此使用者吸入了含有THC的电子烟会感到兴奋，故选C。（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“OnMonday,theFoodandDrugAdministration,orFDAgaveawarningtoJUULLabs,makerofthebest-sellinge-cigarettes.TheFDAaccusedthecompanyofillegallymarketingitsproductsasbeing‘saferthancigarettes’withouttheagency'sapproval.”周一，美国食品和药物管理局(FDA)向畅销电子烟的制造商JUULLabs发出了警告。FDA指控该公司未经FDA批准，非法销售其产品，称其“比香烟更安全”。由此可知FDA不同意其销售此产品，故选B。（4）考查主旨大意。本文主要讲述美国卫生官员敦促人们停止使用电子烟，电子烟同人们的健康问题有关并介绍电子烟是怎样危害人们健康的。中心思想强调的就是电子烟危害人们的健康。D选项E-cigarettes—apotentialkiller“电子烟—一个潜在的杀手”，符合本文中心思想，故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。5．阅读理解

Sometimes,youjustcan'thelpit.Maybeyou'rewatchingasadmovie,orthinkingaboutthefriendwhomovedaway.Nextthingyouknow,youfeelpressureinyourthroat,youreyesarewatering,andyouhavetearsrunningdownyourcheeks.

AccordingtoAdVingerhoets,aprofessorofpsychologyatTilburgUniversity,intheNetherlands,whoisoneofthefewscientistsintheworldwhohavestudiedcrying,therearethreetypesoftears.Basaltearsarethefirsttype.TheyactasaprotectivebarrierbetweentheeyeandtherestoftheWorld.Nextarereflextears.Theywashyoureyescleanwhensomethinggetsinthem.Finally,thereareemotionaltears."Thesearereleasedinresponsetoemotionalstates,"explainsVingerhoets.

Scientistsbelievecryinghassomethingtodowithhowhumansdevelopedandlearnedtodependoneachother."Humansareverycomplexsocialcreatures,"saysLaurenBylsma,aprofessorattheUniversityofPittsburgh,inPennsylvania."Itseemsthattearsservetoarousehelpandsupportfromothers,"Shesays.

Vingerhoetsagrees,"Ithinkthatthereasonwhyhumansshedtears（流眼泪）hassomethingtodowithourchildhood,"hesays."that'sthetimewhenwearestilldependentonadultsforloveandprotectionandcare.Themajoradvantageofemotionaltearsisthatyoucantargetthemataspecificperson."Vingerhoetssaysthisabilitycouldhavecomeinhandyinprehistorictimes,whenhumanswerelivingamongdangerousanimals.Tearswereasaferwaytogetattention."Inthiscase,itisbettertouseasilentsignaltoaskforhelp,"hesays.

VingerhoetsandByhmadofrequentstudiestobetterunderstandwhyhumanscry.AccordingtoByhma,thereisstillmuchmoretodiscover."It'ssurprising,"shesays,"howmuchwestilldon'tknow."（1）Inthescientists'opinion,cryingis________.A.asignofhumanevolutionB.aresultofhumankindnessC.acauseofpersonalgrowthD.ameansofrelyingoneachother（2）Theunderlinedphrase"thisability"inthelastparagraphreferstotheabilityto________.A.seekhelpwiselyB.aimtearsatsomeoneC.cryemotionallyD.appealtootherpeople（3）Fromthetext,welearnthatAdVingerhoetsandLaurenBylsma________.A.holddifferentopinionsaboutthecausesoftearsB.thinkpositivelyoftheeffectsoftearsC.areworkingtogethertostudytearsD.havelearnedenoughabouttears（4）Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ThetypesoftearsB.ThecomponentsoftearsC.ThescienceoftearsD.Theopinionsabouttears【答案】（1）D（2）B（3）B（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，从科学的角度分析了哭的类型和哭的原因等内容。（1）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Scientistsbelievecryinghassomethingtodowithhowhumansdevelopedandlearnedtodependoneachother”可知，科学家们认为哭与人类如何发展和学习彼此依靠有关系。故可知哭是人们互相依靠的一种方法，选D。（2）考查词义猜测。根据第四段中的“‘Themajoradvantageofemotionaltearsisthatyoucantargetthemataspecificperson.’Vingerhoetssaysthisabilitycouldhavecomeinhandyinprehistorictimes,whenhumanswerelivingamongdangerousanimals.Tearswereasaferwaytogetattention."Vingerhoets认为泪水的主要优势就是你可以将泪水指向一个特定的目标。这种能力在史前发挥了作用，当时人们生活在危险的动物中。泪水是获得注意的一种更安全的方式。由此可知，thisability指将泪水指向一个特定的目标的能力，故选B。（3）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“LaurenBylsma,aprofessorattheUniversityofPittsburgh,inPennsylvania.‘Itseemsthattearsservetoarousehelpandsupportfromothers,’Shesays.Vingerhoetsagrees”可知，LaurenBylsma和Vingerhoets都认为泪水可以唤起别人的帮助和支持。结合选项可知，他们都认可泪水的积极作用。故选B。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。6．阅读理解

Anewstudyhasshownhowcomputersandrobotspoweredbyartificialintelligencecanreadhumaneyemovementsto"read"humanpersonalities.

Theeyes,theysay,arethewindowstothesoul.Andifthatistrue,computersandrobotspoweredbysophisticated(复杂的)artificialintelligencealgorithms(算法)maysoonhavetheabilitytopeerintoyoursoul.Thatistheresultofanewstudyontheconnectionbetweeneyemovementsandpersonality,conductedbyneuroscienceresearchersbasedattheUniversityofSouthAustraliaandPublishedinthescientificJournalFrontiersinNeuroscience.

"Eyemovementsduringaneverydaytaskpredictaspectsofourpersonality,"wrotetheresearchers,ledbyUniversityofSouthAustralianeuroscientistTobiasLoetscher,whoseteamfollows42studysubjectsaroundtheuniversitycampusrecordingtheireyemovements,thendeterminestheirpersonalitytraits(特点)with"well-establishedquestionnaires"fordeterminingpersonalitytype,accordingtoasummaryofthestudypublishedbythesiteScienceDaily.

TheresearchersfedthedataintotheirAlalgorithmsandfoundthatcomputersrunningthealgorithmswereabletorecordhumaneyemovementsandimmediatelydetermineaperson'smajorpersonalitytraits,suchas"neuroticism,extraversion(外向)，agreeableness,conscientiousness,aswellasperceptual(感知的)curiosity",thescientistswrote.

"Thenewfindingscouldimprovethewayhumanbeingsinteractwiththeircomputersandotherhigh-techdevices,evenrobots,allowingformorenaturalandrealisticsocialinteractionswithmachines,"Loetschersaid.

"Peoplearealwayslookingforimproved,personalizedservices.Today'srobotsandcomputersarenotsociallyawaresotheycannotadapttonon-verbalinformation,"LoetschersaidinastatementquotedbyIndianExpress.Thisresearchprovidesopportunitiestodeveloprobotsandcomputerssothattheycanbecomemorenatural,andbetteratinterpretinghumansocialsignals."

Thestudyrevealedpreviouslyundiscoveredrelationsbetweenspecificpersonalitycharacteristicsandspecificeyemovementtendencies,accordingtoasummaryinBritain'sDailyMailnewspaper.（1）Whatdotheunderlinedwords"peerinto"inParagraph2probablymean?A.understandB.stareatC.searchforD.concernabout（2）Howdidtheresearchersconducttheresearch?A.Itwascarriedoutinalab.B.42subjects'eyemovementswererecorded.C.Thestudents'dailymovementsweretracked.D.Itssubjects'personalitiesweredeterminedbycomputer.（3）AccordingtoTobiasLoetscher,whatcanweknow?A.Robotsandcomputersaresociallyconscious.B.Peoplecarelessaboutimproved,personalizedservices.C.Today'srobotsandcomputerscanaccustomtonon-verbalinformation.D.Thediscoverywillimprovetheinteractionbetweenhumanbeingsandmachines.（4）Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.HumanPersonalityTraitsB.WhatHumanEyeMovementsAreC.TellPersonalitiesbyEyeMovements.D.HowHumansandMachinesInteract【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）D（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，一项新的研究表明，由人工智能驱动的计算机和机器人可以通过阅读人类的眼球运动来“解读”人类的性格。（1）考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的“Theeyes,theysay,arethewindowstothesoul.”人们说眼睛是心灵的窗户。可知，划线词组所在句的句意为“如果这是真的，由复杂的人工智能算法驱动的计算机和机器人可能很快就能探究你的灵魂。”故选A。（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“whoseteamfollows42studysubjectsaroundtheuniversitycampusrecordingtheireyemovements,thendeterminestheirpersonalitytraits（特点）with"well-establishedquestionnaires"fordeterminingpersonalitytype,”该研究小组在大学校园内对42名研究对象进行了观察，记录他们的眼球运动，然后用“成熟的问题”来确定他们的性格特征）可知，研究人员通过记录42名研究对象的眼球运动来进行这项研究的。故选B。（3）考查细节理解。根据第六段中的“Thenewfindingscouldimprovethewayhumanbeingsinteractwiththeircomputersandotherhigh-techdevices,evenrobots,allowingformorenaturalandrealisticsocialinteractionswithmachines”这项新发现可能会改善人类与电脑和其他高科技设备，甚至是机器人的互动方式，从而使人类与机器进行更自然、更现实的社会互动成为可能）可知，这一发现将改善人类和机器之间的互动。故选D。（4）考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，本文介绍了一项新的研究发现——由人工智能驱动的计算机和机器人可以通过阅读人类的眼球运动来“解读”人类的性格。故选C。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。7．阅读理解

Askids,myfriendsandIspentalotoftimeoutinthewoods."Thewoods"wasourpart-timeaddress,destination,purpose,andexcuse.IfIwenttoafriend'shouseandfoundhimnotathome,hismothermightsay,"Oh,he'soutinthewoods,"withatone(语气)ofairyacceptance.It'ssimilartothetonepeoplesometimesusenowadaystotellmethatsomeoneI'mlookingforisonthegolfcourseoratthegym,oreven"awayfromhisdesk".Forusten-year-olds,"beingoutinthewoods"wasjustanexcusetodowhateverwefeellikeforawhile.

Wesometimestoldourselvesthatwhatweweredoinginthewoodswasexploring(探索).Exploringwasamorepopularideabackthenthanitistoday.Historyseemedtobemostlyaboutexplorers.Ourexplorations,thoughseemedtohavelesssystemthanthehistorickindsomethingusuallycameupalongtheway.Saywestayedinthewoods,throwingrocks,shootingfrogs,pickingblackberries,digginginwhatwewerebrieflypersuadedwasanIndianburialmound.

Oftenwegot"lost"andhadtoclimbatreetofindoutwherewewere.Ifyoureadastoryinwhichsomeonedoesthatsuccessfully,beskeptical;thetopmostbranchesareusuallytooskinnytoholdweight,andwecouldneverclimbhighenoughtoseeanythingexceptothertrees.Therewerefourorfivetreesthatwevisitedregularly-tallbeecheseasytoclimbandcomfortabletositin.

Itwasinatree,too,thatourdaysoffoolingaroundinthewoodscametoanend.Bythensomeofushasreachedseventhgradeandhadbeguntheroughrideofadolescence(青春期).InMarch,themonthwhenweusuallytooktothewoodsagainafterwinter,twofriendsandIsetouttogoexploring.Weclimbedatree,andallofasuddenitoccurredtoallthreeofusatthesametimethatwereallywereratherbigtobeupinatree.SoontherewouldbethespringdancesonFridayeveningsinthehighschoolcafeteria.（1）Theauthorandhisfriendswereoftenoutinthewoodsto

.A.

spendtheirfreetime

B.

playgolfandothersportsC.

avoiddoingtheirschoolwork

D.

keepawayfromtheirparents（2）WhatcanweinferfromParagraph2?A.

Theactivitiesinthewoodswerewellplanned.

B.

Humanhistoryisnottheresultofexploration.C.

Explorationshouldbeasystematicactivity.

D.

Theauthorexploredinthewoodsaimlessly（3）Theunderlinedword"skeptical"inParagraph3isclosestinmeaningto

.A.

calm

B.

doubtful

C.

serious

D.

optimistic（4）Thereasonwhywevisitedthefourorfivetreesregularlyisthefollowingexceptthat

.A.

theyweretallbeeches

B.

theywereeasytoclimbC.

theywerenothitoclimb

D.

theywerecomfortabletositin（5）Howdoestheauthorfeelabouthischildhood?A.

Happybutshort.

B.

Lonelybutmemorable.C.

Boringandmeaningless.

D.

Longandunforgettable.【答案】（1）A（2）D（3）B（4）C（5）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，小时侯玩耍的“树林”对与作者和朋友们的意义。讲述了我们在“树林”中所从事的活动——探索，以及随着年龄的增长，不再去那里的经历。（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Forusten-year-olds,“beingoutinthewoods”wasjustanexcusetodowhateverwefeellikeforawhile.”可知，作者和朋友们经常“去树林中”是为了度过他们的休闲时光。故选A。（2）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Ourexplorations,thoughseemedtohavelesssystemthanthehistorickindsomethingusuallycameupalongtheway.”可知，但是我们的探索与历史上的相比不够系统，有些东西通常都是在沿途中偶然出现的，因此推断作者探索是无目的的。故选D。（3）考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的“thetopmostbranchesareusuallytooskinnytoholdweight,andwecouldneverclimbhighenoughtoseeanythingexceptothertrees.”可知，最高的树枝通常太细以至于不能承重，所以我们从来不能爬到可以看到除了树以外的其它事物。因此推断爬到树上找出路是“不可信；怀疑的”的，与B项意义相近。故选B。（4）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Therewerefourorfivetreesthatwevisitedregularly-tallbeecheseasytoclimbandcomfortabletositin.”可知，有四五棵树是我们经常去参观的——它们由高大的树枝，容易爬上去，坐在上面也很舒服。故选C。（5）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Forusten-year-olds,‘beingoutinthewoods”wasjustanexcusetodowhateverwefeellikeforawhile.’”可知，作者和小伙伴们在“树林”里很快乐；以及最后一段中的“Weclimbedatree,andallofasuddenitoccurredtoallthreeofusatthesametimethatwereallywereratherbigtobeupinatree.SoontherewouldbethespringdancesonFridayeveningsinthehighschoolcafeteria.”可推断在不知不觉间作者和小伙伴们都已经长大了，时光过的很快。所以作者对童年的感觉应该是快乐的，短暂的，但又是难忘的。故选A。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。8．阅读理解

Themorehoursthatyoungchildrenspendinchildcare,themorelikelythey