2026届高考英语冲刺复习-定语从句

2026届高考英语冲刺复习定语从句011.限制性定语从句

从句在句中是不可缺少的部分，去掉后主句意思往往不明确，与主句之间不用逗号隔开。2.非限制性定语从句

从句是对主句或先行词的补充说明，去掉后不影响主句的意思，与主句之间往往用逗号隔开。Thisisthehousewhichweboughtlastmonth.Thehouse,whichweboughtlastmonth,isverynice.定语从句的种类当先行词是专有名词或被物主代词或指示代词所修饰时，其后的定语从句通常是非限制性的。非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句的内容作为先行词，对其进行修饰，这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。02关系代词和关系副词关系代词先行词在从句中所作成分that人或物主语、宾语、表语which物主语、宾语who人主语、宾语whom人宾语whose人或物定语as人或物或主句主语、宾语、表语关系副词先行词在从句中所作成分when时间名词时间状语where地点名词地点状语whyreason原因状语031.先行词是all,everything,anything,nothing,little,much,few等不定代词。2.先行词是序数词或形容词最高级或被它们修饰。3.先行词被theonly,thevery（正好）,thelast,all,any,every,no,little,much等限定词修饰。4.先行词中既有人也有物。5.which或who作主句主语的特殊疑问句。IwilltellyoueverythingthatIknow.Whatisthefirstforeigncitythatyouhaveeverbeento?只能用关系代词thatChattingistheonlythingthatinterestsher.Whoistheboythatislyingunderthetree?Thethingsandpersonsthattheymentionedarestrangetome.04（1）引导非限制性定语从句。Hisbestmovie,whichwonseveralawards,wasaboutthelifeofGandhi.Shelostthegame,whichdepressedhergreatly.（2）“介词+关系代词”结构中。Iboughtagreatmanybooks,onwhichIspentallthemoneythatIsaved.（3）先行词是that。Whatisthatwhichyouputintoyourschoolbagjustnow?只用关系代词which051.关系代词的选用

若介词放在关系代词之前，关系代词指人时常用whom，指物时常用which。另外，whose也可以放在介词后，即“介词+whose+名词”结构。2.介词的选用（1）根据从句中动词、形容词等与介词的习惯搭配来确定。（2）根据语意表达的需要来确定。（3）根据表达的需要也可用介词短语，如bymeansof,asaresultof等。（4）表示整体和部分关系时，介词常用of。（5）“名词+of+关系代词”引导定语从句时，可与“whose+名词”替换。“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句Withthefastdevelopmentofagriculture,thepeople,inwhosevillageshetaught10yearsago,havelivedahappylife.Shelivesinahouse,thewindowsofwhich（=whosewindows）facetotheeast.“介词+where”引导的定语从句这一结构是为了让句意表达更清楚，要从意思上与“介词+which”引导的定语从句加以区别。Hisheadsoonappearedoutofthewindow,fromwherehesawnothingbuttrees.（fromwhere相当于fromoutofthewindow，而不是fromthewindow）05“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句061.as引导非限制性定语从句时，代替整个主句，对其进行说明，往往表示“正如……；正像……的那样”，常用于aswe（all）know,asisknown（toall）,asismentionedabove,asisreported（inthenewspaper）,asisoftenthecase等句式中，位置灵活，可位于句首、句中，也可置于句末；通常用逗号将其与主句隔开。2.当先行词由thesame修饰时，可用that或as引导定语从句。that引导的定语从句表示“同一个”，as引导的定语从句表示“同一类”。3.so/such...that...引导结果状语从句时，that在从句中不充当成分；而在so/such...as...中，as在定语从句中充当成分。as引导定语从句Lighttravelsmuchfasterthansound,asweallknow.ThisisthesamebagasIlostyesterday.（同类型的另一个）Heissocleveraboyaswealllike.（as在从句中作宾语）关系代词as和which的区别1.位置不同。as引导的定语从句可位于句首、句中、句末；which引导的定语从句不能位于句首。2.意义不同。as意为“正如；就像”，引导的从句表达人的观点、事物的习惯性等意义，主要起承上启下的作用；which意为“这一点”，引导的从句在意义上相当于一个并列句，补充说明主句的状态或结果。3.当先行词被such,so,as等词修饰时，一般用as引导定语从句。06as引导定语从句07关系副词引导的定语从句先行词关系副词句法功能与“介词+关系代词”的关系表示时间的名词：time,day,year等when时间状语=at/in/on/

during

which表示场所的名词：park,place,country,house等where地点状语=at/in/on/to

which表示理由的名词：the

reasonwhy原因

状语=for

which注意：当先行词为point，

situation，

case，

stage等表示抽象地点的名词时，如果引导词在从句中作状语，常用关系副词where引导定语从句。081.关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的数须与先行词的数保持一致。（1）先行词为“oneof+复数名词”时，从句谓语动词用复数形式。

Heisoneofthestudentsthathaveeverwontheprize.（2）先行词为“theonlyoneof+复数名词”时，从句谓语动词用单数形式。Heistheonlyoneofthestudentsthathaseverwontheprize.（3）在非限制性定语从句中，当关系代词as或which替代整个主句时，从句谓语动词要用单数形式。

Johnwonthefirstprize,asisoftenthecase.2.关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时可以省略，但介词后面的关系代词不能省略。Theman（whom）Iwastalkingtoismybrother.定语从句中的主谓一致及关系代词的省略1.【2025年全国一卷】AnexhibitionattheJiushiArtMuseuminShanghaiisfeaturingartworkinspiredbyGo,orweiqiinChinese,56______________originatedinChinamorethan4,000yearsago.2.【2025年全国二卷】IwasbornandraisedinCleveland,OhiointheUnitedStates.Yetnow,IliveinthecountrysideofZhejiang,ChinawithmyChinesehusbandandhisfamily,36___________bambooandteabushes(灌木)growwildinthemountains,chickensarealwaysfree-range,andcentralheatingdoesn’texist.09高考真题whichwhere3.【2025年北京卷】However,accordingtoareportbytheWorldWildlifeFund,touristsleftover1.3billiontonsoffoodwastelastyear,19____________accountedforabout8%ofthetotalglobalgasreleasein2024.4.【2025年1月浙江卷】Tanyaisalsolookingbeyondspecial-occasiondressestolessformalclothing,63__________sheplanstopackageascapsulewardrobesandoffertotravellers,suchasthoseheadedtoweddingsabroad,withalonger-termrentalperiod.09高考真题whichwhich5.【2024新课标Ⅰ卷】Glasshousestandsasagreatachievementincontemporarydesign,tohousetheplantsofthesouthwesternpartofChinaattheendofapathretracing(追溯)thestepsalongtheSilkRoute_________________broughttheplantsfromtheirnativehabitatinAsiatocometodefinemuchoftherichnessofgardeninginEngland.6.【2024全国甲卷】YellowstonewasthelargestUnitedStatesnationalpark—2.2millionacres—untilWrangell-SaintEliasinsouthernAlaska,______________becameanationalmonumentin1978,tookthehonorsasanationalparkin1980with12.3millionacres.09高考真题which/thatwhich7.【2024新课标Ⅱ卷】Chineseculturalelementscommemorating(纪念)TangXianzu,__________isknownas“theShakespeareofAsia,”addaninternationalcharactertoStratford-upon-Avon,WilliamShakespeare’shometown.8.【2024北京卷】Tinniswood,___________doesn’tsmokeandrarelydrinks,creditedmoderationforhelpinghimstayhealthyduringhislonglife.“Ifyoueattoomuchordotoomuchofanything,you’regoingtosuffereventually,”hesaid.09高考真题whowho9.【2024浙江1月卷】Ofcourse,shopsarenotcharities—theypricegoodsintheway________________willmakethemthemostmoney.10.【2023年全国乙卷】Butforallitsancientbuildings,Beijingisalsoaplace43__________welcomesthefast-paceddevelopmentofmodernlife,with21st-centuryarchitectural44(wonder)standingsidebysidewithhistoricalbuildingsofthepast.09高考真题that/whichthat/which1.【2025•吉林省普通高中高三一模】AncientAfricanswerepioneersofearlycivilization,39______canbeprovedwiththeevidencethatearlyAfricansocietiesexcelledinfieldssuchasengineering,mathematics,writingevennavigation.2.【2025•云南省保山市高三摸底】Now,itismucheasierforpassengerstopurchasetickets.AnonlineandmobileapplicationticketsystemwaslaunchedinMarchlastyear,38______enablesInternet-basedticketsalesandsupportspaymentmethodssuchasWeChat,Alipay,UnionPayandVISA.10最新试题whichwhich3.【2025•浙江Z20名校联盟高三第一次联考】Thus,theIndianmovieindustry'sfurtherdevelopmentsolelydependsondomesticcompanies'capabilitytocooperat