上海市杨浦区2026届高三一模英语试题（含答案）

杨浦区2025学年度第一学期高三年级模拟质量调研英语学科 2025年12月考生注意：1.考试时间105分钟，试卷满分115分。2.本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。所有答题必须涂(选择题)或写(非选择题)在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。3.务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上。I.GrammarandvocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.DehornungRhinos(犀牛)HelpsSaveThemAccordingtonewresearch,cuttingoffrhinos'hornsreducesthepoaching(偷猎)oftheanimalsbynearly80%.Rhinosarehuntedfortheirhorns,andscientiststhinktherearenowfewerthan28,000rhinos(1)(leave)intheworld.AteamofresearchersstudieddifferentrhinoprotectionmethodsusedinGreaterKrugerNationalPark,SouthAfrica,between2017and2023.About25%ofAfrica'srhinopopulationlivesinGreaterKruger,andtheresearcherswantedtofindout(2)methodsworkedwell.Theprotectionmethods(3)studiedincludedusingdetectioncameras,trackingdogs,helicopters,andguardstokeepaneyeoutforpoachers.Morethan700poacherswerearrested,buttheresearchersfoundthat(4)(arrest)theillegalhuntersdidn'tsignificantlyreducethenumberofrhinosthatwerekilled.(5)(call)themethod"dehornung",theresearchersarenowcuttingofftherhinos'hornsinanattempttoprotectthem.Thisdoesn'thurttheanimalsbecausetheirhornsaremadeofkeratin,thesamesubstancethat(6)(make)uphumanhairandfingernails.Thehornscangrowbackovertime,sotheaveragerhinoneedstobedehornedevery18months(7)twoyears.Theresearchersfoundthatdehorningreducedpoachingby78%.Whiledehorningrhinoscansavetheanimals'lives,anotherstudydiscoveredthatthemethodchangestheirbehavior.Itfoundthatdehornedrhinosare(8)(likely)togetinvolvedinsocialinteractionswithotherrhinos,andtheareatheychoosetocoverastheywanderismuchsmaller.Scientiststhinkthat(9)rhinosusetheirhornsinbattlestoprotecttheirterritory,withoutahorntheymaybecomemorecarefulandavoidconflicts.Researchersmaintainthataddressingtherootcausesofillegalhunting(10)bethetoppriorityforalong-termsolution,insteadofdehorningrhinos.SectionBDirections:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A..challenged Bshapes G.raising D.projections E.separatedF.core G.autonomous‘PI.building I\imperfect perceived K.clarityDoINeedtoParentMyOnlyChildinaDifferentWay?Q:Ihaveanonlychild,andpeopleoftencommentaboutthembeingatriskofbecomingspoiled,selfish,orunabletosocialize.NowI'mworryingabouthowIcanmakesureIamraisingmychildintherightway.A:Firstly,IwanttosayIamdeeplysorrythatanyonewouldmakesuchcomments.Theseideasabout'who'yourchildmaybeare(11)ofthatperson'sanxietiesanddiscomfort,andaresadlyignorant.Britishconcernsaboutonlychildren'ssocialdevelopmentemergedin1850,linkingtheir(12)spoilingtoinsufficientpeerinteractionandextremelyhighadultcontactthroughoutthe19th-20thcenturies.Recentresearchhas(13)theseassumptionsandshowntherearenosignificantdifferencesbetweenchildrenwhohavesiblings(兄弟姐妹)andthosewhodon't.Infact,somestudiesreportthatonlychildrenmaybemoreconfident,emotionallystrong,andhaveabetterqualityoflife.Butthesefindingscannotbe(14)fromthecontextofmostofthisresearchtakingplacewithinmiddle-classfamilies.Whatwecansaywith(15)isthatonlychildrenaremuchmorelikeotherchildren(whohavesiblings)thantheyaredifferent.Thetruthis,it'snotthenumberofsiblingsachildhasthat(16)themintotheadulttheybecome.Theirrelationshipwiththeirparentsactuallyhasthegreatestinfluenceontheirdevelopment.So,ifyouwanttoraiseyourchildwell,keepfocusingontherelationshipyouare(17)withthem,andgetcuriousaboutwhotheyareandwhattheyaretryingtocommunicateandexpress.Learntoacceptyourmistakesasaparentandofferyourchildrepairwhenyougetthingswrong.Parentingismessy,and(18)yourchildrightisgoingtolookdifferentforeveryone,butatthe(19)ofeverythingyoudoisloveforyourchild.Love,however,is(20),soletgoofthepressuretogetit'right'ortoparentyourchilddifferentlybecausetheydon'thavesiblingsand,instead,enjoytheparentingjourneywiththem.II.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.TheSunkCostEffectIneconomics,thesunkcosteffectisinfamous.Itoccurswheneverwedoubledownon(21)financialdecisionsbasedonpastinvestmentsthatcan'tberecovered.MarketingprofessorChristopherOlivolapointstoafewwaysthatthesunkcosteffectistiedtoyourwallet.Youmightsitthroughtheentiretyofamoviethatyou(22)fromthebeginning,forinstance,ifonlytojustifythecostoftheticket.Similarly,youmight(23)hittingthegym,evenaftersustainingapainfulinjury,ifyourexpensivemembershipisnonrefundable.“Butwhatishappeninginallthesesituationsisthatyou'renotreallygettingbackthatmoney,orwhateveritisyouinvested,”saysOlivola.“That'spartofwhyit'snot(24).”Thesunkcosteffectcanplayout(25),too.Researchershavetiedthesamefaultyreasoningtoongoinginvestmentsinfossilfuels,despiteincreasinglyavailableenergy(26)andalarmingclimatepredictions.The(27)ofthesunkcosteffectisaphenomenonthat'sbeenstudiedtimeandtimeagain.Butresearchersstillhaven'tquite(28)thereasonhumanskeepfallingforit.Basedonhisownresearch,Olivolatendsto(29)ourdesiretoreducewaste.“Wedisliketoseeourselvesorothersaswasteful,”hesays.Anotherpossiblereason?Wetendtoopenupamental“bankaccount”wheneverweinvestmoney,time,oreffortintosomething,hesays.Subsequently,theonlywaywecanthen“close”thisaccountisbygettingour(30)money'sworth.Incertaincircumstances,thesunkcosteffectcouldactuallyhelpyouachievemajor(31)likebecomingmorefitorfinishingadegree.Butifyoufindyourself(32)topastdecisionsyoucan'tchange,thesunkcosteffectisnolongerbeneficial.How,then,doweovercomethismindset?Whenitcomesto(33)theeffort,time,ormoneyothershaveinvestedinus,it'simportanttorememberthatourfriendsandfamilymembersdon'tactuallywantustosufferattheirexpense.Don'tfeeltoobadifyoustillfindyourself(34).EvenforOlivola,whohasspentmorethantwodecadesstudyingthesesortsofthings,thesunkcostphenomenoncanstillbe(35).“So,youknow,ifyoucanovercomeit,you'rebetterthanme,”headds.21.A.poor B.emotional C.wise D.hesitant22.A.enjoyed B.hated C.reviewed D.followed23.A.postpone B.avoid C.continue D.imagine24.A.natural B.primitive C.formal D.logical25.A.onalargerscale B.fromamoreacademicangleC.onamoreregularbasis D.withgreaterintensity26.A.statistics B.alternatives C.consumptions D.reserves27.A.economics B.psychology C.physiology D.history28.A.respondedtoB.putforward C.reflectedon D.pinneddown29.A.control B.analyze C.exploit D.blame30.A.private B.foreign C.symbolic D.real31.A.discoveries B.goals C.reforms D.victories32.A.anchored B.opposed C.directed D.applied33.A.honoring B.defining C.ignoring D.regretting34.A.marching B.changing C.losing D.struggling35.A.impersonal B.inferior C.irresistible D.irreplaceableSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)KathyXuhadalwayswantedtoseeasharkinthewild.Theopportunityfinallycamein2011,whenshewentonasnorkellingtrip(浮潜之旅).Notonlywasshenotscaredofthewhaleshark,thethen29-year-oldwassoinspiredbyitsbeautyandgracethattearssprangtohereyesinsidehersnorkelmask.AfterreturninghometoSingapore,XulearnedaboutthesharktradetakingplaceatoneofIndonesia'slargestfishmarkets,wheresharkpartsincludingmeatandteetharecutupforexport,withthefinsbeingthemostprized.Curious,XupackedherbagsandheadedtoTanjungLuar,ontheislandofLombok.There,shespokewithseveralfishermen.Sharkfishingisriskyandinvolveshardphysicalwork,butitisoneofthefewwaysforthemtoprovidefortheirfamilies.Thefishermenwereknowledgeableandfeltagreatsenseofprideforthelocalsealife.OncetheyheardthatXulikedtosnorkel,theyurgedhertovisitthecoralreefs(珊瑚礁)nearthefishmarket.Thereefswerebreathtaking,overflowingwithlifeandcolour.Xuwasconfidentthatecotourismwasthesolution.“ItoldthemI'dpaythemtotaketouristsouttoseethesesnorkellinghotspots,”shesays.Inlate2012,Xuquitherfull-timeteachingjobtofocusonbuildingTheDorsalEffect.Inlate2013,TheDorsalEffectlauncheditsfirstboattrip.SnorkellerspaidUS$120foraone-dayexcursiontoexploreplacesthatthelocalfishermenknowaboutbutcouldnotbefoundonaGooglesearch.Itprovidesamuchmorereliableincomeforthefishermenthantheunstableandoftendangerousjobofsharkfishing.Fornow,Xu,41,isproudofthesmallchangessheseeshappeningonLombok,fromthefishermenwhonowhaveanewwaytoearnanincometotheschoolchildrenwholearnaboutsharksontourswithTheDorsalEffect.Inthepastdecade,globaldemandforsharkfinshasdeclined——apromisingresultofconservationcampaigns——butstrictergovernmentregulationisneeded.36.HowdidKathyXufeelthefirsttimeshesawasharkinthewild?A.Scared. B.Curious. C.Sad. D.Moved.37.WhatwasspecialaboutthesnorkelingsitesofferedbyXu'steam?A.Theywereonlyaccessibletoexperienceddivers.B.Theywerepopulardestinationslistedontravelwebsites.C.Theywereexclusivelocationsknownonlytolocalfishermen.D.Theywereprotectedareaswithrestrictedaccess.38.WhatcanbelearnedaboutTheDorsalEffect?A.Itisprimarilyfocusedonprovidingentertainmentfortourists.B.Itprovidesamorereliableincomeforlocalfishermen.C.Ithassuccessfullyeliminatedthedemandforsharkfins.D.Itwasfundedbyaformerschoolteachertofocusonconservation.39.Themainideaofthepassagecanbeconcludedas.A.aneco-friendlywayoflivingforfishermenworldwideB.aninnovativeecotourismventuretohelptacklesharkfishingC.apersonaljourneyfromawatersportenthusiasttoamarineresearcherD.asuccessfulbusinessmodeltocombineconservationwitheducation(B)ASKUSANYTHINGHowdoyougrowplantsinthedark?Plantsarecrucialtohumansurvival,evenwhenthero'snosunlight.ButdealingwithdarknessissecondnaturoforsomeonolikeHowardLovino,chiofsciontistforNASA'sISSRescarchOffice.Spacemightbeanextremeexample,butenclosed,darkhabitatsexistonthegroundtoo.Keepingyourhouseplantsaliveinwindowlessroomsorduringshortwinterdayscanbeachallonge.Luckily,therearestrategiestohelp,evenwhentheirsunnysourceofenergyislimited.MiniindoorgreenhousesDarknessusuallymeansadeclineinnaturalheat.InIccland,horticulturistJamesMcDaniclusesgeothermal(地热的)hentinhisgreenhousestoprotecthisplants.Eachofthestructureshasholesbeneaththatstretchdeeptoapocketofsteaming——hotwater,hoexplains.“Youcanchannelthatsteamintothepipesthroughthegreenhouseandusenaturalairflowtokeepthetomperatureasotrange.”Butyoudon'tneedvolcanicenergytorunaminiindoorgreenhouse,whichcanbeassimpleasputtingacabinetorshelftogether.Aheatorcanaddwarmth,althoughyoumightwanttopairitwithadampnessregulatortokeepfromdryingyourhouseplantsout.Forindividualplants,glasscoverscantrapheatfromlimitedsunlightandalsoencloscwatervapors,whichprotectplantsfromtheairconditionorinthesummerandtheheatorinthewinter.GrowlightsPlantgrowlightsprovideaneasyandaccessibleenergyboostindarkspaces.Thesespecializedlightrayshavedifferentfeatures,colors,andprices.LEDs,forinstance,arethecheapestandmostenergy-officientoption,usingaboutathirdoftheelectricityofoldlightbulbs.Whilemostdevicessticktoawarmwhiteband,plantsresponddifferentlytovariouscolorwavelongths.InLevine'sexperimentsonEarth,redlightworkedwellforthethinfloweringplantsArabidopsis.ButintheISS'sweightlessenvironment,theystretchedintofunnyshapesuntilhestartcdaddingbluelights.BrightsurfacesIfelectricityisalimitingfactor,youcantrytoreflectlightwithmirrors.Evenbrighteningupyourspacewithwhitedecor,likealight-coloredtablecloth,willcastalittleglowontoyourplants.Themakeupofyourindoorgardenwilldictatehowmuchbrightnessyouneedtoadd,Lovinooxplains.SomeplantsincludinglettuceandtomatoesneedmorelightthanthoselikeArabidopsis.Theroforc,researchtheplants'nativerangestolearnhowmuchsunshinethey'dnaturallyget.40.Ifagardenerisplanningtosetupaminiindoorgreenhouseinaroomwithlimitedsunlight,whichofthefollowingsetupswouldbemosteffectiveformaintainingasuitableenvironmentforplantgrowth?A.Acabinetwithaheaterandadampnessregulator.B.Ashelfwithglasscoversfornaturalairflow.C.Agreenhousewithholesconnectedtoageothermalheatsource.D.Agreenhousewithsteampipesforcontrollingvolcanicenergy.41.TheprimarypurposeofusinggrowlightsforplantsindarkenvironmentsisA.toprovideadditionalheatB.tocreateadecorativeeffectC.tosupplyenergythroughlightD.toabsorblightusingspecialdevices42.Accordingtothearticle,whichmethodmayworkwellforreflectinglighttohelpplantsgrow?A.Usingdark-coloredtablecloths.B.Paintingwallswhite.C.ReplacinglightbulbswithLEDlamps.D.Removingmirrorsfromthegarden.(C)Whenafireatasupplier'sfactoryforcedatemporaryshutdownattheplantofalargeEuropeanmanufacturerofconsumergoods,TimSchweisfurthandhiscolleaguesattheTechnicalUniversityofMunichfoundasurprisingupside:Theidleness(闲散)ledtoanoutpouringofideasforimprovements.Theconclusion:UnexpectedInterruptionsCanBoostCreativity.Wediscoveredthiswhenwelookedattheonlinesystemthecompanyusedtocollectplantworkers'ideasandsuggestions.Peoplecouldentersubmissionswhenevertheywereon-site.Someproposedsmallchanges,likereplacingworntools;others,majorones,suchasanewpaint-orderingsystemthatsavedthefirm€280,000ayear.The8,500employeesinthepartoftheplantthatshutdownweresenthomeforfourdays.Inthethreeweeksaftertheyreturnedtowork,theyproduced58%moreideasthanuninterruptedemployeesdid.Inaddition,theirideaswerehigherquality:Managersratedtheacceptedsubmissionsanddeterminedthatthosefrom侧linedemployeeswereroughlythreepercentagepointsbetterthanthosefromotherworkers.Wealsostudiedanunexpectedinterruptionattheplantthatdidn'tleadtoidletime:afloodthatrequiredemployeestocleanupthedamage.Thatincidentloweredcreativeperformancebecauseworkershadtoswitchtheirattentiontothenewtask.Asimilarthinghappenswhenyourfocusimmediatelyshiftsafterasocialmediaappbeepstosignalanewpost.Therearemanygoodreasonstotakeavacation,butourresearchdoesn'tsuggestitwillimproveyourcreativityatwork,becauseitwouldn'tbeanunexpectedinterruption.Whenwelookedatathirdkindofinterruptionattheplant——extendedweekends——wefoundnoincreaseinemployeesuggestionsafterpeoplereturnedtowork.Wethinkthereasonhastodowithso-calledattentionresidue——thesweetspotforcreativity.It'swhenourmindscontinuetothinkoversomethingthat'simportanttousevenafterwe'vemovedontoanotheractivity.Thinkofallthetimesyou'vehadabreakthroughmomentintheshowerorwhilepushingacartaroundthegrocerystore.Thoseinsightsallresultedfromyourbrain'sbehind-the-scenesperseverance.Whenwedosomethingthatallowsustototallydisengage,suchastakingalongweekendoravacation,wedon'texperiencethesameattentionresidue,sowedon'thavethesamekindsofbreakthroughs.43.Whatdidthestudyfindaboutemployeeswhoexperienceda4-dayshutdown?A.Theircreativitydecreasedsignificantly.B.Theysubmittedmostlyminortoolsuggestions.C.Mostoftheirideaswereapprovedbymanagers.D.Theyproducedmoreandbetterideasafterreturning.44.Whatconclusioncanbedrawnconcerningunexpectedinterruptionsbasedonthefloodincident?A.Idletimehasanegativeimpactonthegenerationofcreativeideas.B.Creativitydependsuponhowmuchattentionremainsontheoriginaltask.C.Creativityisdeterminedbyhowfocusedanindividualpersonis.D.Employeesaremotivatedtobemorecreativeinthefaceofachallenge.45.Theunderlinedwords"attentionresidue"inthelastparagraphmeans.A.persistentmentalengagementB.fundamentalspiritualbasisC.temporarypsychologicalrefreshmentD.habitualtask-switchingroutine46.Whichofthefollowingsituationsismostlikelytoboostcreativity?A.Anextendedweekendathome.B.Afive-dayplannedtriptoascenicspot.C.Ashort,unexpectedbreakfromwork.D.Anunexpectedwork-relatedassignment.SectionCDirections:Readthepassagecarefully.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.A.Soifyouplaceatrackerinyourownbag,forexample,itwillnotactivatetheapp.B.Bluetoothtrackersaresmall,sovictimsoftrackingseldomfindthemiftheydonotknowtosearchforthem.C.Thatway,iftheymisplacetheobjectthetrackerisattachedto,theycanlookuptheinformationtofinditagain.D.Smartphonescansearchfortrackers,andsomenowhavebuilt-insettingsthatwillsendyouanotificationifyouarebeingtracked.E.Thisisthecasewithtrackingtechnology,whichhasundergonemanyimprovementsinrecentyears.FThisismeanttoavoidfalsealarmsincasethetrackerbelongstosomeoneelsewhojusthappenstobenearby.AmIBeingTracked?Technologyenablespeopletodomanyextraordinarythings,butitcanalsobemisusedandcauseharm.Fortunately,additionaldevelopmentscancountersomeofthesenegativeusesoftechnology.(47)Bluetoothlocationtrackersweredesignedtohelppeoplerecoverlostitems,suchassuitcasesorwallets.Theycanalsobeplacedincarstohelpapersonfindtheircarifitgetsstolen.Buttheycanalsobeplantedinsomeoneelse'sbagorcarwithoutthatperson'spermissiontotrackthemwithouttheirknowledge.(48)Unfortunately,peoplewhochoosetotrackothersoftenhavebadmotivesthatplacethepeopletheytrackingreatdanger.(49)Butifyoursdoesn'torifyouwanttobeabletodetectmorebrandsoftrackers,youcandownloadappsthatwilldoamorethoroughjob.Trackerdetectionappsnotifythephone'sownerifthephonedetectsatrackerthachasbeennearitforanextendedtime.Thereisoftenadelaybetweenwhemthetrackanisdetectedandwhenthenotificationissent.(50)Forexample,ifsomeonehasatrackerontheirkeyandwalkspastyouinapublicplace,thatwillnottriggeranotification.Butifthetrackerremainsnearyouforawholeday,especiallyifyouaremoving,itisprobablyonsomethingyouown,andtheappwillnotifyyou.Ifyoususpectthatsomeoneistrackingyou,takeactionnowtoavoidapotentiallydangeroussituation.III.SummaryWritingDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.TheHappinessProjectWhatwouldyouranswerbeifIweretoaskyouwhatyouwantedfromlife?AuthorGretchenRubinaskedherselfthatquestiononedaywhilesittingintrafficonabus.Aftergivingitsomethought,sherealizedthat,overall,shewantedtobehappy.Ifhappinesswastobehergoal,Rubinrealized,“Timeispassing,andI'mnotfocusingenoughonthethingsthatreallymatter.”Thisconclusionbegana12-monthcommitmenttodiscoverwhatwouldaddmorehappinesstoherlife.ThejourneyresultedinRubin'sNewYorkTimesbest-sellingbookTheHappinessProject.Inanefforttoreachhergoal,shetestednumeroustheoriesonhappiness.Readingthroughphilosophy,science,popularcultureandmore,thewriterchosespecifichabitstoexamineandtrytointegrateintoherlifestyle.Rubin'sbookisdividedinto12chapters,eachhighlightingadifferentmonthandspecificareaoffocus.Inchaptersonethrough11,eachnewfocusorcategoryincludesthreeorfourthingstoworkon.Forinstance,thefirstchapterbeginswithJanuaryandtheimportanceofgettingmorephysicalandmentalenergy.Thecorrespondinggoalsconsistofgettingbettersleepandexercisingmore.Chapter12concentra