面向对象程序设计

面向对象程序设计一、分析程序题(每题30分,共1道小题,总分值30分)1.下面的代码有什么问题？并请给出正确的写法。voidDoSomeThing(char*p){charstr[16];intn;assert(NULL!=p);sscanf(p,"%s%d",str,n);if(0==strcmp(str,"something")){...}}(30分)sscanf(p,"%s%d",str,n);这句该写成:sscanf(p,"%s%d",str,&n);二、编写程序实现算法(每题30分,共1道小题,总分值30分)1.写一个算法，根据输入的年月日得到该日期是该年份的第几天。(30分)#include<stdio.h>

intmain()

{

intyear,month,day;//年月日

intjudge,i;

intsum=0;//标记天数

intdate[2][12]={

{31,28,31,30,31,30,31,31,30,31,30,31},

{31,29,31,30,31,30,31,31,30,31,30,31}};//储存闰年和非闰年每一月的天数

printf("输入年月日:");

scanf("%d%d%d",&year,&month,&day);

judge=(year%4==0)||(year%400==0&&year%100!=0);

//判断年份是不是闰年是闰年judge就是1;否则就是0

for(i=0;i<month-1;i++)//加month之前的所有天数

sum+=date[judge][i];

sum+=day;//加当天月份的天数day

printf("它是%d年中的第%d天\n",year,sum);

return0;

}三、程序设计(每题40分,共1道小题,总分值40分)1.设计实现一个复数类，1）实现拷贝构造函数；2）实现复数的乘法和除法，输出计算结果。(40分)#include<iostream>

usingnamespacestd;structplural{

doublereal,imaginary;plural()

{

real=imaginary=0.0;

}

plural(constplural&c);//复制构造函数（一定要用引用）

pluraloperator*(plural&s)

{

pluralt;

t.real=s.real*real-s.imaginary*imaginary;

t.imaginary=real*s.imaginary+imaginary*s.real;

returnt;

}

pluraloperator/(plural&s)

{

pluralt;

t.real=(s.real/real+s.imaginary/imaginary)/(real*real+imaginary*imaginary);

t.imaginary=(s.imaginary/real-s.real/imaginary)/(real*real+imaginary*imaginary);

returnt;

}

~plural(){}

};istream&operator>>(istream&in,plural&s)

{

printf("请输入实部:\n");

scanf("%lf",&s.real);

printf("请输入虚部:\n");

scanf("%lf",&s.imaginary);

returnin;

}

ostream&operator<<(ostream&ou,plural&s)

{

printf("%.4lf+%.4lfi",s.real,s.imaginary);returnou;

}

intmain(){

plurala,b,c;

cin>>a>>b;

c=a*b;

cout<<c<<endl;

c=a/b;

cout<<c<<endl;

system("pause");

}1.数据描述:编号、书名、价格、作者、出版社、出版日期、存量编写程序完成功能：将书籍记录按照价格排序（由高到低）并输出。publicclassBook{//设置属性的私有访问权限privateStringnumber;//编号privateStringname;//书名privatedoubleprice;//价格privateStringauthor;//作者privateStringpublisher;//出版社privateStringdate;//出版日期privateintstock;//存量//通过公有的get,set方法实现对属性的访问publicStringgetNumber(){returnnumber;}publicvoidsetNumber(Stringnumber){this.number=number;}publicStringgetName(){returnname;}publicvoidsetName(Stringname){=name;}publicvoidsetPrice(doubleprice){this.price=price;}publicdoublegetPrice(){returnprice;}publicStringgetAuthor(){returnauthor;}publicvoidsetAuthor(Stringauthor){this.author=author;}publicStringgetPublisher(){returnpublisher;}publicvoidsetPublisher(Stringpublisher){this.publisher=publisher;}publicStringgetDate(){returndate;}publicvoidsetDate(Stringdate){this.date=date;}publicvoidsetStock(doublestock){this.stock=stock;}publicdoublegetStock(){returnstock;}//无参构造方法publicBook(){}//有参构造方法实现属性赋值publicBook(Stringnumber,Stringname,doubleprice,Stringauthor,Stringpublisher,Stringdate,intstock){//有四个参构造方法this.number=number;=name;this.setPrice(price);this.author=author;this.publisher=publisher;this.date=date;this.setStock(stock);}publicvoidinformation(){//展示书本信息的方法//编号、书名、价格、作者、出版社、出版日期、存量System.out.println("编号:"+this.getNumber());System.out.println("书名:"+this.getName());System.out.println("价格:"+price+"元");System.out.println("作者:"+this.getAuthor());System.out.println("出版社:"+this.getPublisher());System.out.println("出版日期:"+this.getDate());System.out.println("存量:"+stock+"本");}}//降序排序方法Collections.sort(list,newComparator<Book>(){publicintcompare(Bookb1,Bookb2){//按照价格大小进行降序排列if(b1.getPrice()<b2.getPrice()){return1;}if(b1.getPrice()==b2.getPrice()){return0;}return-1;}});publicclassTestBook{publicstaticvoidmain(String[]args){//编号、书名、价格、作者、出版社、出版日期、存量List<Book>list=newArrayList<Book>();Bookb1=newBook("0001","平凡的世界",60.0,"路遥","人民文学出版社","2006年5月4日",100);//创建对象的同时给属性赋值Bookb2=newBook("0002","西游记",50.0,"吴承恩","东方文学出版社","2007年9月10日",120);//创建对象的同时给属性赋值Bookb3=newBook("0003","倚天屠龙记",55.0,"金庸","西安文学出版社","199年7月13日",600);//创建对象的同时给属性赋值Bookb4=newBook("0004","文化苦旅",49.0,"余秋雨","青年出版社","2017年8月29日",203);//创建对象的同时给属性赋值list.add(b1);list.add(b2);list.add(b3);list.add(b4);Arrays.sort(list,Collections.sort());//按照价格大小进行降序排列for(Bookbook:list){rmation();//降序排列之后输出}}}一、程序分析题voidmain(){charstr1[]="abc";charstr2[]="abc";constcharstr3[]="abc";constcharstr4[]="abc";constchar*str5="abc";constchar*str6="abc";cout＜＜boolalpha＜＜(str1==str2)＜＜endl;cout＜＜boolalpha＜＜(str3==str4)＜＜endl;cout＜＜boolalpha＜＜(str5==str6)＜＜endl;}str1,str2分别为字符数组，str1,str2分别表示指向字符串”abc”的首地址，因为str1和str2各自都有存储区，他们的值是各自存储区的首地址不同。二者不等,输出false。而str3与str4类似，只是为const，即指向的数据区不能改变。二者不等，输出false。Str5与str6为字符指针，而非字符数组，他们分别指向常量字符串”abc”，“abc”存储在静态存储区。即str5和str6为串“abc”的地址，所以str5==str6。二者相等，输出true。所以输出结果为falsefalsetrue二、编写程序实现算法(每题30分,共1道小题,总分值30分)1.不调用标准库函数，自己实现strcpy。函数原型char*MyStrCpy(char*szDest,constchar*szSrc);char*MyStrCpy(char*szDest,constchar*szSrc){if((szDest==NULL)||(szSrc==NULL))//[1]throw"Invalidargument(s)";//[2]char*szDestCopy=szDest;//[3]while((*szDest++=*szSrc++)!='/0');//[4]returnszDestCopy;}三、程序设计(每题40分,共1道小题,总分值40分)1.设计实现一个复数类，并1）实现复数的加法和减法，输出计算结果；2）实现复数的“==”符号重载相等判断。//设计实现一个复数类，并//1）实现复数的加法和减法，输出计算结果；//2）实现复数的“==”符号重载相等判断。#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;classComplex{public:Complex(){real=0;imag=0;}Complex(doubler,doublei){real=r;imag=i;}Complexoperator+(Complex&);//操作符重载，两复数相加Complexoperator-(Complex&);//操作符重载，两复数相减booloperator==(Complex&);//操作符重载，判断是否相等doublegetReal(void)const;//返回实部doublegetImag(void)const;//返回虚部doublesetReal(doublereal);//设置实部doublesetImag(doubleimag);//设置虚部doublereal;doubleimag;};ComplexComplex::operator+(Complex&c2){returnComplex(real+c2.real,imag+c2.imag);}ComplexComplex::operator-(Complex&c2){returnComplex(real-c2.real,imag-c2.imag);}boolComplex::operator==(Complex&b){returngetReal()==b.getReal()&&getImag()==b.getImag();}doubleComplex::getImag(void)const{