专题09 名词性从句（知识梳理+高频考点精讲+进阶分级练）（讲义江苏专用）（原卷版）

专题09名词性从句目目录学考要求速览必备知识梳理高频考点精讲进阶分级练考点一名词性从句引导词1.名词性从句的引导词及其功能引导词功能从属连词that在从句中不作任何成分，也没有词汇意义whether,if在从句中不作任何成分，意为“是否”because,asif/though在从句中不作任何成分，分别意为“因为”“好像”连接代词who(ever),whom(ever),what(ever),whose,which(ever)who(ever)和what(ever)在从句中作主语、宾语或表语；whom(ever)在从句中作宾语；which(ever)在从句中作主语、宾语；whose在从句中作定语连接副词when(ever)，where，wherever，why，how(ever)在从句中作状语2.名词性从句的语序是陈述语序Doyouknowwherethepartywillbeheld？3.名词性从句的时态(1)当主句是现在时态(一般现在时，现在进行时，现在完成时)时，从句可根据实际情况使用各种时态。Itannoysmethathebrokemyfavouritevase.他打碎了我最喜欢的花瓶，这令我很生气。Doyouknowwhenandwhereheboughtthebook?你知道他什么时候在哪里买的这本书吗？Ihaveheardthatourteacherwillcomebacktomorrow.我听说我们的老师明天就回来了。(2)当主句的谓语动词是过去时的时候，宾语从句若不是一个客观事实或真理，其谓语动词也用某种过去时态。Iaskedherifshewouldallowmetointerviewher，andshereadilyagreed.我问她是否允许我采访她，她欣然同意了。Myteachersaidthatthesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.老师说太阳从东方升起西方落下。(客观真理)4.what与that的用法that是从属连词，在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，也没有任何意义。而what是连接代词，在名词性从句中充当成分，通常充当主语、宾语或表语。IbelievethatIwillsucceedifIstudyhard.我相信如果我努力学习我会成功的。Ibelievewhathesaidbecauseheisanhonestman.我相信他说的话，因为他是个诚实的人。5.whether与if的用法(1)用whether或if均可的情况①引导大部分动词后的宾语从句时，两者均可使用。②it作形式主语，且主语从句在句末时，两者均可引导主语从句。(2)用whether而不用if的情况①引导主语从句置于句首时；②引导表语从句和同位语从句时；③引导介词的宾语从句时；④引导词与ornot连用时；⑤引导词后接todo时；⑥有些动词如discuss，decide等后的宾语从句。6.what,who,which与whatever,whoever,whichever引导名词性从句的区别(1)what引导名词性从句意为“什么”，带有疑问意味；意为“……的事情”，表示肯定的意思。who意思是“谁”，带有疑问意味；which意思是“哪一个”，带有疑问意味。Doyouknowwhobrokethewindow?你知道是谁打坏的窗子吗？(2)whatever，whoever，whichever意思分别为“所……的一切事或东西”，“任何……的人”“……的任何一种东西”等，并且充当成分，相当于anythingthat，anyonewho等。Sheisverydeartome.Wehavebeenpreparedtodowhateverittakestosaveherlife.＝Sheisverydeartome.Wehavebeenpreparedtodoanythingthatittakestosaveherlife.她是我的至亲，我们已经准备好了不惜一切代价救她的命。7.that不可省略的情况(1)that引导主语从句且从句置于句首时；that引导表语从句时；that引导同位语从句时；当it作形式宾语，that引导的从句作真正的宾语时。(2)当主句谓语后接两个或两个以上的宾语从句时，第一个that可省略，其他的that不可省略。Shesaid(that)herambitionwastoenterakeyuniversity,thatshewouldstudyhardtomakeherdreamcometrue,andthatshewouldliveuptoherparents’expectations.她说她的志向是考上一所重点大学，她会努力学习，实现自己的梦想，不辜负父母的期望。考点二主语从句1.that引导主语从句that引导主语从句时只起连接作用,在句子中不作任何成分,也无任何意义。有时为了平衡句子结构,用it充当形式主语,而将that从句置于后面。that引导主语从句时通常不能省略,尤其是位于句首时。主语从句中常用it作形式主语的句型有:(1)It+be+形容词(clear,obvious,true,possible,certain,important,necessary,strange,natural,likely,surprising,vital等)+that从句(2)It+be+名词(词组)(apity,ashame,anhonour,afact,nowonder,nosurprise等)+that从句(3)It+be+过去分词(said,reported,announced,proved,thought,expected,hoped,decided,suggested,advised,ordered,required,demanded等)+that从句。在上述it充当形式主语的句型中,若形容词是important,necessary,strange,natural,vital,essential等,过去分词中的动词是表“建议、命令、要求、请求”的动词,如suggest,advise,recommend,propose,order,command,require,request,urge,demand等,那么that从句中的谓语动词要用“should+动词原形”表示虚拟语气,其中should可以省略。(4)It+不及物动词(短语)(happened,occurred,seemed,appeared,turnedout等)+that从句考点三宾语从句宾语从句是英语中用来充当宾语的句子。其语序是陈述句语序。引导宾语从句的词有who,whom,whose,what,which,that,how,when,where,why,whether,if等1.it作形式宾语(1)动词find/feel/think/consider/make+it+宾补(形容词或名词)+不定式/从句(2)动词hate/like/dislike/appreciate/enjoy+it+从句(3)短语动词seeto/dependon/relyon+it+从句(4)固定搭配takeitforgrantedthat/oweittosb.that+从句Nomatterwhereheis，hemakesitaruletogoforawalkbeforebreakfast.无论他在哪里，他都定了一个规矩——早餐前散步。Ishallseetoitthatheistakengoodcareofwhenyouareabsent.你不在的时候，我负责把他照顾好。Ithinkitnecessarythatwetakeplentyofboiledwatereveryday.我认为我们每天多喝白开水是有必要的。考点四表语从句1.why与because引导表语从句的区别why与because引导表语从句时，前者强调结果，后者强调原因。Ihadacold.ThatwaswhyIdidn’tattendschool.我感冒了，因此我没去上学。Ididn’tattendschool.ThatwasbecauseIhadacold.我没去上学，那是因为我感冒了。注意：(1)句子的主语为thereason时，表语从句用that引导，表示原因，此时不用because。Thereasonwhyshewasillwasthatshehadeatenbadmeat.她生病的原因是她吃了变质的肉。(2)由why引导的从句作主语时，表语从句用that引导。Whywedecidedtoputoffthematchwasthattheweatherwastooterrible.我们决定推迟比赛的原因是天气太糟糕了。2.asif/though引导的表语从句asif/though引导的表语从句通常置于系动词look，seem，sound，be等后面，从句中既可以用虚拟语气，也可用陈述语气。Itsoundsasifsomebodyisknockingat/onthedoor.听起来好像有人在敲门。Shetreatshimasifhewereastranger.她待他如陌生人。考点五同位语从句同位语从句在句中作某一名词的同位语，位于该名词之后，用以说明该名词的具体内容。常见同位语从句的名词：advice,conclusion,doubt,fact,hope,idea,news,promise,question,suggestion,thought,truth,wish,word,evidence,belief,order等。引导同位语从句的引导词：that,whether,how,where,when,why等。同位语从句是完整的句子，引导词不作成分且去掉同位语从句原句仍然完整。Themanagerputforwardasuggestionthatweshouldhaveanassistant.Thereistoomuchworktodo.经理提出一个建议，我们应该有个助手。有太多的工作要做。【易混辨析】与定语从句的区别：(1)定语从句中名词充当成分；同位语从句中不充当成分(2)定语从句中连接代词作宾语时可以省略；同位语从句中连接代词不可以省略(3)同位语从句中遇到order,requirement,suggestion,advice等词，要用虚拟语气Youhavetotakemyadvicethatyou(should)readnewspaperonehouraday.(4)同位语从句离所修饰的名词可能较远Wordcamethattheteambeattheopponent.Agoodideaoccurredtomethatwecanholdafare-wellpartyforher.(5)同位语从句的先行词应是表示抽象概念的名词，如：idea,belief,conclusion,impression，fact，news，idea，thought，hope，order,suggestion，belief等，而定语从句的先行词是各种抽象概念的词或具体概念的词，还可以是代词。考点一：主语从句1.Ithink________impressesmeabouthispaintingisthecolorsheuses.A.whether B.that C.which D.what2.________isstrangeisthatshealwayswearssunglassesindoors,evenatnight.3.________breaksthelawshouldbepunished.A.Who B.Those C.Anyone D.Whoever1.________madehimfeelsatisfiedwasthathisstudentswereabletoread,speakandwriteinEnglish.2.________Tomwillgotomybirthdaypartymatteredalottome.A.What B.Whether C.That D.Which3.________EriclikesmostaboutShanghaiisprobablyitswidevarietyoffood.A.That B.Where C.Which D.What4.--________makesyoursonfeelbluetoday?--________towatchhisfavouritecartoonPawPatrol.A.Whatitisthat;Tobeforbidden B.Whatisthat;ForbiddenC.Whatisitthat;Beingforbidden D.Thatiswhat;Havingforbidden5.Withyourhelp,thereisnodoubt________ourplanismeantforwillworkoutsuccessfully.A.whatthat B.whetherthat C.thatwhat D.thatwhether考点二：宾语从句1.(2024-2025学年安徽师范大学附属中学高中自主招生考试)—Couldyoupleasetellme________?—Well,heiskindandhelpful.Everyoneinourclublikeshimverymuch.A.whatdoesyourbuddylike B.whatisyourbuddylikeC.whatyourbuddylikes D.whatyourbuddyislike2.VanGoghpainted________hesawfromhiswindow.3.VanGoghpainted________hesawfromhiswindow---thenightskywithclouds,starsandamoon.1.Iwanttoknow________itisworthdoing.A.until B.unless C.whether D.before2.Ibelieve________agoodmovieshouldbeagoodstoryfirstandapieceofartsecond.A.what B.which C.that D.who3.—Thereissomuchtogetdonetoday.—Iwillhelpyouwith________youneed.Justnameit!A.whatever B.however C.whenever D.whoever4.Iwonderifyoucantellme________TomisIcan'tfindhimanywhere.A.where B.who C.when D.what5.ButthisisthefirsttimethatI________anapplicationandthepersonalresume,soIdon’tknow________thereissomethingtopayattentionto.A.hadwritten;whether B.wrote;whatC.havebeenwritten;why D.havewritten;if考点三：表语从句1.Iwillattendanimportantmeeting,andthisis________Ican’tgotothebookstorewithyou.2.Whatwecansayisthatthisis________thebrainslooklikeofkidswhospendalotoftimeonscreens.Andit’snotjustonepattern.3.Whatstruckmedeeplywas________Englishsurroundedmeoncemore,apersistentreflectionofthefamiliarityIdidn’trealizeI’dgrowntiredof.1.ThereasonwhyIdidn’tgotoshanghaiwas________anewjob.A.becauseIgot B.becauseofgettingC.Igot D.thatIgot2.Whatpuzzlesthemmostis________theycanremembermorewordsinsuchashorttime.A.what B.that C.where D.how3.Themostunforgettablemomentformewas________Igraduatedfromhighschool.A.when B.where C.how D.why4.—DoyouthinkitwiseforChinesemotherstotrytodoeverythingfortheirchildren?—No,that’s________theyaremistaken.A.where B.what C.when D.how5.Perseveranceisakindofquality,andthat’s________ittakestodoanythingwell.A.what B.that C.which D.why考点四：同位语从句1.Thereisstillsomedoubt________theautumnsportsmeetwillbeheldinourschool.2.Ihavenoidea________wewillspendourholiday.3.Ihavenoidea________onearthmadeSimonsoupset.1.Thenews________abridgeovertheroadrightinfrontofourschoolwillbebuiltnextyearexcitesusgreatly.A.which B.that C.what D.whether2.TheNationalRailwayAdministrationrecentlyreleasedadraftguideline________trainticketsmaybepricedbasedonageinsteadofheight.A.which B.that C.what D.whether3.－Isthereany________thatpeopleusedtoliveatthesite?－Yes.Scientistsfoundsomehousesitesandtoolsthere.A.evidence B.achievement C.review D.belief4.Thereissomeevidence,scientistsreport,________eatinggarlicmayguardagainstcancer.A.which B.that C.as D.who5.Scientistsarestudyinganimalstolookforproof________theyhavefeelingssimilartoours.A.that B.what C.whether D.which一、单项选择1.Itisrainingheavily.________dependsontheweather.A.WhentheSportsMeetingwillbeheldB.WhentheSportsMeetingwillholdC.WhenwilltheSportsMeetingbeheldD.WhenwilltheSportsMeetinghold2.TheMillenniumCitywasbuiltwithQingmingRiversideLandscapeastheblueprint,whichwaspaintedbyZhangZeduan,________intheNorthernSongDynasty.A.afamouspainter B.wasafamouspainterC.isafamouspainter D.thatwasafamouspainter3.—Isthatoldfactory________youoftenreferto?—Right,justtheone________Iworkedforyears.A.theone;that B.one;whichC.what;where D.which;that4.Theproblemis________totaketheplaceofTed.A.whocanweget B.whatwecangetC.whowecanget D.thatwecanget5.Hedidn’tknowwhichroom________.A.theylived B.theylivedin C.didthelive D.didthelivein6.MotheraskedTom________lastnight.A.whendidhegotobed B.whenhewenttobedC.whenhegoestobed D.whendoeshegotobed7.________hehasfinishedwritingthenovelisunknown.A.If B.WhetherC.When D.While8.________shewaschosenmadeusveryhappy.A.What B.That C.Why D.How9.________wasmostimportanttoher,shetoldme,washerfamily.A.It B.This C.What D.As10.________wecanpassthecomingexaminationwillmainlydependon________welearnand________welearnit.A.Whether;what;how B.That;whether;why C.If;how;that D.Why;that;how二、单句语法填空1.________thistrendsuggestsisthatpeople’sshifttoremoteworkcontributestotheslowreboundoftheseniorhousingmarket.2.Thereisstillsomedoubt________theautumnsportsmeetwillbeheldinourschool.3.Ihaveseen________vigorouslytheygrowwithoutme.4.Peopletravelthousandsofkilometerstoseetheaurora,andtheycanneverbesure________itwillhappen.Butdoseeitsaythattheywillneverforgetit.5.________matterstoamuseumisnothowmanyvisitorsithas,but________closeitistopeople’sdailylives.6.Thequestionis________machinescaneverreallythinkinalltheseaspects.7.TheexactplacesSnowmarkedonthemapwere________allthosewhohadlived.8.Peopleusedtoholdthebelief________theearthwasthecenteroftheuniverse.9.Thereisnodoubtinmymind________heisthebestcandidate.10.Icouldn’tbearthethought________theseforestswouldbelostforever.一、阅读理解ATheFourBestWildlifeExperiencesinBaliReadytostartgreatadventures?CheckoutthefourmostexcitingwaystoexperiencewildlifeinBali!UbudMonkeyForestOpeningtime:9:00am—5:00pm(Mon—Sun)Gotsomemonkeybusinessgoingon?HeaddowntoUbudMonkeyForest,ashelterforover700long-tailedmonkeys.Thesemammalsareknowntobecleverandplayful,sochancesarethatyou’llgetrobbedofyoursnackswhenyou’renotwatching!However,don’tbemadbecausetheymeannoharm.Theywon’thurtyouaslongasyoudon’tgrabortouchthemsuddenly.BaliReptileParkOpeningtime:9:00am—5:00pm(Mon—Sun)Forawildlifeexperiencethat’salittlebolder(冒险的),headtoBaliReptilePark.Insidethisman-madejungleisthemostextensivecollectionofreptilesinSoutheastAsia!Bepreparedtodropyourjawuponseeingthealligatorsandcrocodiles(鳄鱼)walkingaroundnearthepond.Withaguidedanimalencounter,youcangetupclosewiththem!BaliBirdParkOpeningtime:9:00am—5:00pm(Mon—Sun)BaliBirdParkhousesover1,000birdsof250rarespecies.You’llspotallthecolorsoftherainbowasbirdsofallshapesandsizesflytoyou.CatchthemagnificentScarletMacawandthestylishBalineseMynah.Apartfromthese,therearealsotonsofuniqueexperiencesintheparklikemeetingtheendangeredKomododragons.LombokWildlifeParkOpeningtime:9:00am—5:00pm(Mon—Sun)Thisparkmakesthemostoutofyourzooexperiencewithlotsoffun-filledactivities,startingwithanelephantmeetingandgreetingandcappingoffthedaywithafternoonteawithsomefriendlyanimals.Walkingaroundthepark,you’llalsogettoseeKakaandKiki,thepark’sadorablebabyorangutans(红毛猩猩).LombokWildlifeParkoffersplentyofcloseencounterswithanimalstomakeyourBalitripshine!1.Whichofthefollowingoffersamoreadventurousexperience?A.BaliReptilePark. B.UbudMonkeyForest.C.BaliBirdPark. D.LombokWildlifePark.2.WhatcanvisitorsdoinLombokWildlifePark?A.Rideelephants. B.Feedsomealligators.C.Playwithcrocodiles. D.Interactwithorangutans.3.Whatdothefourhaveincommon?A.Theyforbidtakingfoodin.B.Theyareopenatthesametime.C.Theyinvolveendangeredanimals.D.Theyfocusonwildlifeprotection.4.WhatcanwelearnaboutUbudMonkeyForest?A.Itishometoover1,000monkeys.B.Visitorscanfreelytouchthemonkeys.C.Monkeystheremaytakeawayvisitors’snacks.D.Itclosesearlieronweekendsthanonweekdays.BWhenTinaFarrvisitstheyear2classroomatherOxfordprimaryschool,shecanfeelthechangedatmospheresinceplaywasputfirmlybackonthecurriculum(课程).“Thechildrencomerunningupwiththingstheyhavemade.Thereisalwaysashoponthegosotheywillbepricingupsomethingorfindingchange.”theheadteachersays.Play-basedlearning—lettingchildrenmovearound,makeupgamesandexplorewithinlooselyguidedactivities—usuallystopswhentheyattendprimaryschool.Lessonsthenbecomedesk-based,focusedonreadingandwriting.Farrhadlongchampionedthevalueofplay,workinghardtobringitintobreaktimes.“Teacherswouldrecognisewhatwedoanditdoesn’ttakeanymoreplanningthanthestandardapproach.”Withplay-basedlearninginplaceforheryear1and2children,Farrthenlookedatwhereelseshecouldchangeanypracticesthatweren’tworking.“Ifapracticeisn’tinlinewithhealthychilddevelopment,whyarewedoingit?”Theschool’syear5children—agednineand10—werestrugglingtositstillinatightspacesosheremovedallthefurniture.“Theimpactwasimmediateandimpressive.Childrennowchoosewhereandhowtolearn.Aclassoncestrugglingwithattentionisnowcalmandengaged.”Ateachernote:“Theirself-regulationhasimprovedgreatly.Theysettledowntoworkmuchmorereadily.”Farrbelievestheoutdatedsystemneedsurgentchange.“Wehaveneuroscience(神经科学)toknowchildrenlearnthroughplay.”InJunetheschoolsailedthroughitsOfstedinspection.“Theinspectorreallyunderstoodourplay-basedlearning.”Farr’smessageisthatherapproachcanberolledout.“It’sblownmymindhowengagedthechildrenare.It’sphenomenal,”shesays.5.WhatchangedoesFarrbringtoherschool?A.Additionalincome. B.Flexibleenvironments.C.Upgradedequipment D.Diverseoutdoorgames.6.WhatisthemainreasonforFarrtointroduceplay-basedlearning?A.Toreduceteacher’workload.B.Toenhancetheschool’sreputation.C.Toimprovestudents’academicresults.D.Topromotekids’well-beingandgrowth.7.Whichbestdescribesthestudentswiththenewseatingarrangement?A.Morefocused. B.Moreenergetic.C.Moreself-centred. D.Morecourageous.8.WhatisthelastparagraphmainlyaboutconcerningFarr’sapproach?A.Itstheory. B.Itschallenge.C.Itspurpose. D.Itseffectiveness.CSomemightsuggestthatadoorstopperabout“theinfluenceofthehorseonhumanhistory”couldn’tpossiblybeinteresting.No.Isayno.Infact,TimothyC.Winegard’sTheHorseisfantastic,offeringafreshviewonhowcrucialhorseswereinhumandevelopment.Anditalmostdidn’thappen.SuddenclimatechangesattheendoftheIceAgedrovehorsestotheedgeofextinction.TherestoftheanimalsoncefoundthroughmuchoftheworldwerethenlargelylimitedtoanareathatrunsroughlyfromEasternEuropetoCentralAsia—wheretheywerehuntedforfood.Thehorsemighthavegonethewayofotheranimalshaditnotbeentamed(驯化)likecattle.Whensomeonedecidedtojumponthebackofoneofthehorses,itstarted“arevolution”thatchangedtheworld.Ridinghorseshelpedfarmersraisemoresheepandgoats,andhunterscovermoreground.Whenhorsesreplacedoxen,theirquickerspeedallowedmorelandtobehandled,increasedyieldsandchangedfarmerstoexporters.Naturally,horsesbecameinstrumentsofwar.Theearliestknowntruecavalry(骑兵)formationbelongedtotheAssyriankingTukulti-NinurtaII.Inrelativelyshortorder,cavalryunitsmadethedifferenceinbattle.Thosenationsthathadhorseswonwars;thosethatdidn’ttriedtogetthem.Inmanyways,theseconflictscreatedtheworldwehavetoday.Alexanderextendedtheboundariesofhiskingdom—andGreekculture—throughPersia,Indiaandbeyondbecauseofthesuccessofhiscavalry.Besides,horseswerethedecidingfactorintheBattleofHastings,whereWilliam,theDukeofNormandy—whohadcavalryunits—soundlydefeatedtheAnglo-SaxonKingHaroldGodwinson,creatingthemodernBritishstate.TheHorseisextensivelyresearched.Itisinteresting,charmingandentertaining.ButIknow:Icanleadyoutoabookstore,butIcan’tmakeyouread.9.Whendidhorsesstarttomaketheworlddifferent?A.Afterpeopledomesticatedthemforriding. B.AfterAsiansraisedthemasafoodsource.C.Aftertheywereexportedallovertheworld. D.AftertheclimatechangedduringtheIceAge.10.Whatistheadvantageofhorses?A.Power. B.Bravery. C.Efficiency. D.Intelligence.11.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.Thetrainingofcavalryforbattles. B.Thecontributionsofhorsesinwars.C.Thefantasticachievementsofkings. D.Theexpansionofpowerfulkingdoms.12.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Toastonishthecuriousreaders. B.Tosummarizetherecenthistory.C.Tocriticizeanimproperviewpoint. D.Torecommendanawesomebook.DQuick:what’syourbestfriend’sphonenumber?Don’tfeelbadifyoucouldn’tansweroffthetopofyourhead.Youhavenoreasontocommitphonenumberstomemory:it’sjustthereinyourphone.Orperhapsyouoncehadaphonebooktostorethem.Ineithercase,anobjectdoestherememberingforyou.“Prostheticmemory”(人工记忆)isnothingnew.Writingitselfhasbeenameansofstoringinformation.Yettheinformationrevolutionhasgeneratedmoredatathaneverbefore.Wearefloodedwithinformation.We’recreatingmoreofit,andkeepingmoreofit,Thestoragecapacityofthehumanbrainhassincebeeneclipsed.Nowonder,then,thatwe’reincreasinglydependentonmemoryprostheses,fromlibrariestosmartphones.Noteveryonethinksthistrendinexternalmemoryisgood.Historically,memoryprostheseswereexpensive.Astechnologiessuchasprintingandphotographybecomemoreaffordable,sharingexperienceswithothersiseasierthanever.Soeverybreakfast,everysunset,everyencounterwithacatfindsitswayontosocialmedia.Andherecomestheworry.Whenwedevoteourselvestocapturingandsharingtheworldinthisway,somethingimmenselyvaluableislost;whenrecordingsomuchofourlives,we’reforgettingtoactuallylivethem.Weputsomethingbetweenourselvesandtheworld-acamera-insteadofjustbeinginthemoment,andsodisconnectourselvesfromexperience.Butisoursocialmedia-driventransformationwhollybad?Ifwe’restillcreatingandsharingmemorieslikethis,perhapsthisisbecausewe’venothadsufficienttimetolearnhowtodothesethingswithoutthinkingaboutwhatwe’redoing.Itiseasytoignorethatthemasssocialmediaeraislessthanadecadeold.That’sjustashortblink(眨眼)inhumanhistory,yetithastotallychangedhowwelive.Isuspectwe’renotfarofffrombeingdirectlyfacedwithexperienceyetwiththeabilitytoshareexperienceinwayslessboundedbygeographyandtime.Afterall,technologycandowhatourfragilemeat-computerscan’t:protectallthemomentsofalifethatwouldotherwisebelost.13.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph1?A.Werelymoreontoolstomemorize. B.Weareburdenedwithphonenumbers.C.Technologyweakensourbrains. D.Technologydistancesusfromourfriends.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“eclipsed”inparagraph2mean?A.Improved. B.Outperformed. C.Restricted. D.Undervalued.15.Whatnegativeeffectdoesonlinesharingbringabout?A.Anoverflowofposts. B.Highcostofdigitaldevices.C.Addictiontothevirtualworld. D.Disregardforauthenticexperience.16.Whatdoestheauthoradviseustodointhelastparagraph?A.Havefaithinhumanbrains. B.Taketimetoadapttodigitalage.C.Quickenthepaceofdevelopment. D.Makeeffortstoenhancememory.二、完形填空Itwas2017whenarchitectOscarIssacreceivedacallfromMarcusKampo,anIvorianofficial.Overtheline,Kampo’svoice____1____ashedescribedhisnation’stwinplagues(困境):amassofplasticwasteblockingsewers(下水道)anda____2____ofschools,withafewexistingonesneeding____3____rebuilding.Tohaveaclearer____4____,Issacdecidedtoseeforhimself.InCoted’Ivoire’sbusiestcity,Issacwas____5____bythesightofwomencarryingchildrenontheirbackswhile____6____plasticfromgarbagepilesforverylittlemoney.Thoseimages____7____intohismind.“Ineedtofindawaytohelp,”Issacthought.“Whatifyoucouldusetheplasticwastetohelpsolveconstructionproblems?”ForIssac,the____8____ledtoaninventionthatshowshisvalue.Backathiscompany,heandhisteam____9____plasticintoasetofbuildingparts—bricksandcolumns,95%madefromplastic.ThesepartsfittogetherlikeLego.Buildersjustneedto____10____aroofandwindowstomakeaclassroom.Now,4,000tonsofwastehavebecome550____11____classrooms,almostfor60percentofwhat____12____constructionmethodscost.To____13____thebrick-makingtechnologyfurther,Issac____14____hissystemtobeeasilytransportedina40-footcontainer.Thetechnologyfeedsontrash,butasKampoputsit,“theconcept____15____turnstrashintoasolution.”1.A.trembled B.shouted C.whispered D.laughed2.A.majority B.puzzle C.number D.shortage3.A.slight B.frequent C.normal D.convenient4.A.identity B.picture C.guideline D.tip5.A.shocked B.excited C.amused D.re