湖北省鄂东南省级示范高中教育教学改革联盟2025-2026学年高二上学期期中考试英语试题

2025年秋季高二年级期中考试英语试卷考试时间：2025年11月18日上午8:0010:00试卷满分：150分第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhatwillJoedo?A.Leavehispany. B.MovetoParis. C.Seekanewjob.【答案】B【解析】【原文】...Hey,forgottotellyou...JoeandAnnaaremovingtoParis!M:Really?Isn’tthatabitsudden?Howdidthathappen?W:Hispanyofferedhimajoboutthere.They’regoingforatleastacoupleofyears.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whyisthemanmakingthecall?A.Tohavehisceilingrepaired.B.Tomakeanewworktimetable.C.Toremindthewomanofarainstorm.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Hello,I’mcallingtoaskwhetheryoucansendsomeonetotakealookatourceiling.It’sbeenleakingsincelastnight’srainstorm.W:Hi,Mr.Stevenson.I’mafraidwe’realreadybookedupforthisweek.ButIthinkwecanmakeitnextMonday.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanthinkofthetraining?A.Disappointing. B.Satisfying. C.Worrying.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Howwasthetraining?M:Thetrainingwasagreatchallenge.Ilearnedalot.W:I’mgladyouseeitthatway.Notalotofpeopletakeapositiveattitudetowardstraining.M:Anyway,I’mgladIwent.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.Athome. B.Inameetingroom. C.Intheman’soffice.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Haveyouseenmybluesweater?ItwasonthebackofmychairbeforeIwenttothemeeting,butnowit’sdisappeared.W:Areyousureyouleftitthere?WhenIcameintheofficetoremindyouaboutthemeeting,Ididn’tseeit.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Anopenmindedminister. B.Publicopinion. C.Anoutstandingteacher.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Listentothis.TheEducationMinisterisnowsayingthatteachersdeserveapayrise.That’sapletechangeofopinion!W:I’mgladtohearit.He’sbeenlisteningtopublicopinion,obviously.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟，听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Visitamuseum.B.Admiresomehistoricbuildings.C.MeetsomeoneintheCityHall.7.Whatdoesthewomangivetotheman?A.Abrochure. B.Acitymap. C.Aschedule.【答案】6.B7.A【解析】【原文】M:Hi,mynameisTomSmith.Isawasignthatsaidallvisitorsneedtosigninhere.W:That’scorrect.MayIaskyourreasonforvisitingCityHalltoday?M:Actually,I’dliketotakeatour.I’minterestedinhistoricbuildings.W:Isthatso?We’vehadmorevisitorseversincetheregionalmuseumopened.M:Oh,Iwasjustthere.DoyouhaveanyideawhereIshouldstart?W:Here,takethisbrochure.Ithassomeinformationaboutthebuilding’shistoryandshowsyouwherethepointsofinterestare.Letmeknowifyouhaveanyquestions.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.WhendidthewomanfirstseeMr.Wang?A.OnMonday. B.OnTuesday. C.OnFriday.9.WhatdidMr.Wangimpressthewomanwith?A.Hispersonality. B.Hisapproach. C.Hisenthusiasm.10.WhatwillMr.WangdoonTuesday?A.Chairameeting. B.Proposeastrategy. C.Reporttheprofits.【答案】8.C9.B10.A【解析】【原文】M:Haveyoumetournewmarketingmanager?IheardhecamefromourChicagobranchandstartedworkherelastMonday.W:Yes,IsawMr.WanginthestaffmeetingonFridayforthefirsttime.Helookedveryenergeticandorganized.Inparticular,Ilikedthewayhedevelopedournewmarketingstrategies.Heencouragedparticipantstosharetheirideasinaninformalandinvitingway.M:Itsoundslikehehasaconstructiveapproach.Ihopehewillbringusmoreenthusiasmandhelpusincreaseourprofitsintheend.W:That’sexactlywhatIwantfromhim.Bytheway,thereisanothermeetingthatheissupposedtochaironTuesday.You’llbethere,won’tyou?听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11.Whendidthemanmakethereservation?A.Oneweekago. B.Twoweeksago. C.Threeweeksago.12.Wheredoesthewomanwork?A.Atadentalclinic. B.Atatravelagency. C.Atarestaurant.13.Whatwillthemantrytodoat3:00?A.Visithisclient. B.Rescheduleameeting. C.Keepanappointment.【答案】11B12.A13.C【解析】【原文】W:Goodmorning.YouhavereachedDr.Henry’soffice.ThisisLaura.HowmayIhelpyou?M:HithisisJoelPhillips.I’dliketoreschedulemyappointmenttodayatthreeo’clocktoanothertimetomorrow.Isthatpossible?W:I’mafraidtheappointmentsarealreadyfullybookedforthisweek.Mr.Phillips,you’vealreadywaitedtwoweekstomakethisreservationandyoureallyshouldhaveyourteethexamined.Isthereanywayyoucanetodayasarranged?M:Iknow,butIamatanurgentmeetingwithmyclientrightnowandImightnotmakeittothethreeo’clockappointment.Well,I’lltrytoconcludeeverythingquicklyinthemeetingsothatIcanarriveatyourclinicontime.Thankyou.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14.WhatdidAdrianacreate?A.Abicycle. B.Aputer. C.Agenerator.15.HowdidAdrianagettheideaofherproject?A.FromtheInternet. B.Fromherfather. C.Fromadesigner.16.WhatwastheonlyproblemAdrianafaced?A.Shelackedfund.B.Shewasinneedofsupport.C.Shecouldn’tfindsuitablematerials.【答案】14.C15.A16.A【解析】【原文】M:TodayI’mtalkingwith15yearoldAdrianaBrown.Shebuiltherownbicyclegenerator.Adriana,canyoutellusaboutyourproject?Howdidyougetstarted?W:Well,I’vehelpedmydadwithsomeofhisprojects.But,IdecidedIwantedtodomyownprojectthistime.SoIresearchedideasontheInternet.Idecidedonabicyclegeneratorbecauseit’sreallyuseful.Icanuseittopowermyputer.M:So,howdidyoubuildit?W:First,Ifoundplansforgenerators.Ichoseasimpledesignandmadeafirstdraftoftheproject.Then,mydadmadesomesuggestionsandImadeanotherdraft.Afterthat,Istartedtolookformaterials.TheonlyproblemwasthatIdidn’thavealotofmoney,soitwasdifficult!M:So,whatdidyoudo?W:Well,Iwenttoabicycleshopandacarrepairshop.Itoldthemaboutmyproject.Theygavemesomeextraparts.M:Oh,thatwasnice.was...h,itreallywas...WhenIgotallthematerials,Iwasreadytoputitalltogether.M:Well,Ithinkit’sgreat.Veryimpressive!听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.Whoisthespeakertalkingto?A.Librarians. B.Freshmen. C.Teachers.18.Whatisscheduledinthefirstweek?A.Sometours. B.Sometraining. C.Sometalks.19.Whatdoweknowaboutthelibraryputers?A.Theyareconnectedtoprinters.B.Thereareonlyalimitednumber.C.TheyhaveaccesstotheInternetallthetime.20.Whocanhelptolookforthingsinthelibrary?A.TheSectionManager.BTheCataloguingAssistant.C.TheTrainingSupervisor.【答案】17.B18.C19.C20.B【解析】【原文】M:OK,areyouallsettled?Well,firstofall,weletoCardiffUniversity.I’mheretoexplainwhatwecanofferyou.Now,asanewstudentattheuniversity,youwillprobablyneedsomesortofguidancetohelpyoutousethelibraryeffectivelytostudyandresearch.Someofyouhaveaskedaboutaguidedtourbutwefindthisratherconfusespeople.So,inthisfirstweek,werunaseriesoftalkswhichfocusondifferentaspectsofthelibraryanditsresources.OK,nowletmegiveyouanoutlineofwhat’savailabletoyou.You’llfindthattheputersareincreasinglyusedasaresearchtool.ManystudentsdomostoftheirresearchontheInternetandthelibraryputersarepermanentlyonline.Havingfoundwhatyouneed,you’llfindyoucanreadilysavetextsonyourpersonalputerspacetoprintoffwhenyouneed.Naturallywedostillhavethefullrangeofclassicreferencebooksforyoutouseandthereareseveralcopiesofeachone.Thisisbecausesomeofyoumayprefertoborrowabookratherthansitinthelibrary.Thereisarestrictedloantimeonthesesothattheyarenotmissingfromtheshelvesfortoolong.AlthoughthereisaSectionManagerforeachpartofthelibrary,theyareverybusyandso,ifyoudogetstucklookingforthings,youshouldasktherelevantCataloguingAssistant.AsyourTrainingSupervisor,Ijustoverseeyourworkforaweekandwillnotbearoundafterthisinitialweek.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AChina’sPristineParadises:NationalParksandNatureReservesChinaboastsamazingbiodiversityandbreathtakinglandscapes,withanetworkofprotectedareassafeguardingitsnaturalheritage.Amongthese,foursitesstandoutforecologicalsignificanceandscenery,servingaswildlifereservesandsymbolsofChina’sconservationmitment.●JiuzhaigouNationalPark,inSichuan’sMinshanMountains,isfamousforcrystalclearalpinelakesandvibrantautumnfoliage.Itsskybluedlakes,fedbyglaciersandsprings,reflectsnowcappedpeaks.A1992UNESCOWorldHeritageSite,ithabitatsgiantpandas,supportingover2,000plantand400animalspecies.In2017,amagnitude7.0earthquakedamageditslandscapes,butcarefulrestorationrevivedmostofitsoriginalcharm.●SanjiangyuanNationalNatureReserve,ontheQinghaiTibetPlateau,iscalledthe“WaterTowerofAsia”.AsthesourceoftheYangtze,YellowandLancang(Mekong)rivers,itsupplieswatertonearlyhalfofChina’spopulationandmillionsinSoutheastAsia.Spanning318,000squarekilometers,ithomesTibetanantelopes.Climatechangecausesglacialretreat,leadingtoadaptivemeasureslikegrasslandenclosures.●HainanTropicalRainforestNationalPark,onHainanIsland,isChina’sonlytropicalrainforestprotectedarea.Covering4,400squarekilometers,ithasover5,000plantspecies(15%native)and340birdspecies,includingthecriticallyendangeredHainangibbon(长臂猿)(around37left).Therainforestresiststyphoons,regulatingtheisland’sclimate.Recentyearshaveseenmunityinvolvedconservation,withlocalsshiftingfromloggingtoecotourismforineandlessecosystemimpact.●WuyiMountainNationalPark,acrossFujianandJiangxi,isaUNESCOWorldHeritageSiteforbothnaturalandculturalvalue.Itssteep(崎岖的)Danxialandforms(redsandstonepeaks)pairwiththickforestshousingChinesegiantsalamanders(火蜥蜴).ItalsohasancientteaplantationsandHanDynastyarchaeologicalsites.Avisitorquotasystemlimitsdailyentriestobalanceconservationandtourism.ThesefourareasshowChina’sholistic(整体的)conservationapproach—biningstrictprotection,sustainabledevelopmentandpubliceducation.AsChinaexpandsitsnationalparksystem,theyremainbeaconsofhumannatureharmony.21.WhichofthefollowingisachallengethatJiuzhaigouNationalParkhasovere?A.Adeclineinthenumberofgiantpandas.BOvercrowdingfromexcessivetourism.C.Severedamagecausedbyanearthquake.D.Pollutionofitscrystalclearalpinelakes.22.WhatmakesSanjiangyuanNationalNatureReservecrucialtomillionsofpeople?A.Itsuniquegrasslandsandwetlands.B.Itsfunctionasthesourceofthreemajorrivers.C.ItsroleasahabitatfortheTibetanantelope.D.Itsstrictmeasuresagainstclimatechange.23.Whatdothelasttwonationalparkshaveinmon?A.Botharehometotheworld’srarestprimates(灵长目动物).B.Bothhavecarriedoutvisitorquotasystems.C.BotharelocatedontheQinghaiTibetPlateau.D.Bothbinenaturalvaluewithculturalsignificance.【答案】21.C22.B23.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了中国四大国家公园和自然保护区：九寨沟、三江源、海南热带雨林、武夷山。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据JiuzhaigouNationalPark部分的“In2017,amagnitude7.0earthquakedamageditslandscapes,butcarefulrestorationrevivedmostofitsoriginalcharm.(2017年，一场7.0级地震破坏了它的景观，但通过精心修复，大部分原始风貌得以恢复。)”可知，九寨沟国家公园克服的挑战是地震造成的严重破坏。故选C项。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据SanjiangyuanNationalNatureReserve部分的“AsthesourceoftheYangtze,YellowandLancang(Mekong)rivers,itsupplieswatertonearlyhalfofChina’spopulationandmillionsinSoutheastAsia.(作为长江、黄河和澜沧江（湄公河）的源头，它为近半数中国人口及东南亚数百万人提供水源。)”可知，三江源国家级自然保护区的关键意义在于它是三大河流的源头。故选B项。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据HainanTropicalRainforestNationalPark部分的“Therainforestresiststyphoons,regulatingtheisland’sclimate.Recentyearshaveseenmunityinvolvedconservation,withlocalsshiftingfromloggingtoecotourismforineandlessecosystemimpact.(热带雨林抵御台风，调节着岛上的气候。近年来出现了社区参与的保护，当地人从伐木转向生态旅游，以获得收入，减少对生态系统的影响。)”可知，海南热带雨林国家公园的雨林调节气候，社区参与保护该公园，体现自然与人文结合；再根据WuyiMountainNationalPark部分的“aUNESCOWorldHeritageSiteforbothnaturalandculturalvalue(因其自然和文化价值被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产)”和“ItalsohasancientteaplantationsandHanDynastyarchaeologicalsites.(这里还有古老的茶园和汉代的考古遗址。)”可知，武夷山国家公园以自然与文化双重价值入选世界遗址，拥有古茶园和汉代遗址，两者的共同点是兼具自然价值与文化意义。故选D项。BBornintoafamilywithadeeppassionfornature,BindiIrwinhasbeeagloballyrecognizedwildlifeconservationist,followingintheremarkablefootstepsofherfather,thelegendary“CrocodileHunter”SteveIrwin.GrowingupatAustraliaZoo,foundedbyherparents,Bindiwasimmersedintheworldofwildlifeprotectionfromherearliestyears.Thisuniqueupbringinginstilledinheraprofoundmitmenttoconservationthathasshapedherlife’swork.Bindi’sconservationeffortsarechanneledthroughtwoprimaryplatformsthatworkinclosepartnership.AsakeyleaderatAustraliaZoo,sheoverseesprehensiveoperationsthatextendfarbeyondtypicalzoomanagement.Theinstitutionservesasacrucialconservationheadquarters,housingnumerousendangeredspeciesandcarryingoutvitalbreedingprogramswhilesimultaneously(同时)functioningasaneducationalcenterthatconnectsmillionsofannualvisitorswiththenaturalworld.Throughthenonprofitorganization,WildlifeWarriorsWorldwide,Bindi’sconservationimpactextendsacrossinternationalborders,fundingdiverseprojectsrangingfromantipoachingpatrols(反偷猎巡逻队)protectingcriticallyendangeredSumatrantigerstocheetah(猎豹)conservationinitiativesinAfrica.Beyondheradministrativeresponsibilitiesinzoomanagement,Bindimaintainsanactiveroleinhandsonscientificresearchthatdirectlyinformsconservationpractices.SheregularlyparticipatesintheongoingsaltwatercrocodilestudyconductedincooperationwiththeUniversityofQueensland.Furthermore,Bindihasemergedasaninfluentialvoiceinconservationeducation,recentlyauthoringachildren’sbookdesignedtoinspireyoungreaderstodiscovertheirownroleinprotectingtheplanet.Throughthesemultifacetedefforts—biningleadership,scientificresearch,andpubliceducation,BindiIrwinhonorablycontinuesandexpandsuponherfather’slegacy,demonstratingthatdedicatedindividualscanindeedmakeasignificantdifferenceinpreservingournaturalworldforfuturegenerations.24.WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraphOne?A.BindiIrwin’sfatherpersuadedhertocarryonwithhisjob.B.BindiIrwin’sfatherhadagreatpassionforkillingcrocodile.C.BindiIrwin’sfatherhashadagreatinfluenceonher.D.BindiIrwin’sparentstriedtomakeheraglobalconservationist.25.Whichofthefollowingstatementistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.BindiIrwinhasfoundedAustraliaZooandWildlifeWarriorsWorldwide.B.BindiIrwin’sconservationimpacthasextendedbeyondAustralia.C.BindiIrwinparticipatedinscientificresearchtogetrecognition.D.BindiIrwinhasrecentlywrittenanumberofchildren’sbooks.26.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeBindiIrwin?A.mittedandresponsible. B.Intelligentandcurious.C.Disciplinedandambitious. D.Thoughtfulandgenerous.27.Whatisthepassageintendedtodo?A.TodescribethedailyoperationsofAustraliaZoo.B.TointroduceBindiIrwin’sfamilylifeandpersonalhobbies.C.ToexplainthedifferentspeciesofanimalsatAustraliaZoo.D.TopresentBindiIrwin’sroleandeffortsinwildlifeconservation.【答案】24.C25.B26.A27.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了宾迪·欧文在野生动物保护方面的贡献与努力。【24题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Bornintoafamilywithadeeppassionfornature,BindiIrwinhasbeeagloballyrecognizedwildlifeconservationist,followingintheremarkablefootstepsofherfather,thelegendary‘CrocodileHunter’SteveIrwin.(宾迪·欧文出生在一个对自然充满热情的家庭，她追随传奇“鳄鱼猎人”史蒂夫·欧文的非凡足迹，成为了一位全球知名的野生动物保护主义者)”可推知，宾迪·欧文的父亲对她有很大的影响。故选C。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Throughthenonprofitorganization,WildlifeWarriorsWorldwide,Bindi’sconservationimpactextendsacrossinternationalborders,fundingdiverseprojectsrangingfromantipoachingpatrolsprotectingcriticallyendangeredSumatrantigerstocheetahconservationinitiativesinAfrica.(通过非营利组织“全球野生动物战士”，宾迪的保护影响跨越了国界，资助了各种项目，从保护极度濒危的苏门答腊虎的反偷猎巡逻队到非洲的猎豹保护倡议)”可知，宾迪·欧文的保护影响已经超出了澳大利亚。故选B。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“AsakeyleaderatAustraliaZoo,sheoverseesprehensiveoperationsthatextendfarbeyondtypicalzoomanagement.(作为澳大利亚动物园的主要领导，她负责的全面工作远远超出了典型的动物园管理范围)”以及第三段“Beyondheradministrativeresponsibilitiesinzoomanagement,Bindimaintainsanactiveroleinhandsonscientificresearchthatdirectlyinformsconservationpractices.(除了在动物园管理方面的行政职责外，宾迪还在直接指导保护实践的实践科学研究中发挥着积极作用)”可推断出，宾迪·欧文是一个尽心尽力且有责任感的人。故选A。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Bornintoafamilywithadeeppassionfornature,BindiIrwinhasbeeagloballyrecognizedwildlifeconservationist,followingintheremarkablefootstepsofherfather,thelegendary“CrocodileHunter”SteveIrwin.(宾迪·欧文出生在一个对自然充满热情的家庭，她追随传奇“鳄鱼猎人”史蒂夫·欧文的非凡足迹，成为了一位全球知名的野生动物保护主义者)”以及全文内容可知，文章目的是为了介绍了宾迪·欧文在野生动物保护方面的角色和努力。故选D。CAsmoderndaystressreacheswhatfeelslikeunbearablelevels,researchersaretryingtolearnmoreabouttheprecisemechanismsthroughwhichitaffectsourbodyandmind.Thehopeisthatbyunlockingmoreabouthowstressworksphysiologically,wecanfindwaystopreventitfrompermanentlyharmingpeople.ThefutureofunderstandingandfightingstressmaylieinourDNA.In2023,UrsulaBeattie,thenadoctoralstudentatTuftsUniversity,andhercolleaguesfoundpossibleevidencethatstresscanoverwhelmDNA’srepairmechanisms.Intheirstudy,researchersrepeatedlytappedonsparrow(麻雀)cageswithpens,playedtheradioloudly,andcarriedoutotheractionsdesignedtocausedistressbutnophysicalharm.BloodandtissuesamplesfromthesparrowsafterthreeweeksofthisunpleasanttreatmentrevealeddamagetotheDNA.“It’slikeifyouhadtwopiecesofstringcoiledup(卷曲),justlikeDNA,andyoutookapairofscissorsandcutthem,”Beattiesays.Whilethesekindsofdoublestrand(双股)breaksinDNAoccurallthetimeinsparrowsandotherspecies,includinghumans,thedamageistypicallyreversedthroughselfrepairmechanisms.Inachronicstress(长期压力)setting,“thoserepairmechanismsgetoverwhelmed,whichishowweseeabuildupofDNAdamage,”Beattieexplains.Thedamageinthebirdsappearstobethemostsevereincellsoftheliver,sheadds,suggestingthatforhumans,too,theextentandtypeofdamagecausedbystressmightbedifferentfordifferenttissuesofthebody.We’restilllearninghowdeepstressgoesintoourbodies.Butwe’regettingclosertosolvingthepuzzlethatisstress,whichpromisesafuturewherewecanbettermeettheongoingdemandforchange.28.Whatisthemainpurposeofresearchersstudyingthemechanismsofstress?A.Toexplainwhymodernpeoplesufferfromhighstress.B.Toparethestresslevelsofhumansandsparrows.C.ToprovethatDNAiscloselyrelatedtohumanhealth.D.Tofigureoutmethodstokeepstressfromdoinglastingharm.29.WhatdidUrsulaBeattieandherteamdiscoverintheir2023study?A.Sparrowsaremoresensitivetostressthanotheranimals.B.ChronicstresscandestroytheDNArepairsystem.C.Loudradiosoundscancausephysicalharmtosparrows.D.DNAdamageinsparrowsonlyappearsinlivercells.30.WhydoesBeattiementionthe“twopiecesofstring”inParagraphFour?A.ToshowhowDNAisstructuredinlivingorganisms.B.ToprovethatDNAselfrepairmechanismsareeffective.C.ToexplainwhatDNAdoublestrandbreakslooklike.D.ToparetheDNAofsparrowsandhumans.31.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheHarmofChronicStresstoHumanTissuesB.StudyingStress:FromDNAMechanismstoFutureHopeC.UrsulaBeattie’sGroundbreakingStudyonSparrowsD.HowtoPreventDNADamageCausedbyStress【答案】28.D29.B30.C31.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究人员对压力机制的研究，包括压力对DNA的影响，以及这些研究对未来理解和应对压力的希望。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Thehopeisthatbyunlockingmoreabouthowstressworksphysiologically,wecanfindwaystopreventitfrompermanentlyharmingpeople.(人们希望，通过进一步揭示压力在生理上的作用机制，我们能够找到防止压力对人体造成永久性伤害的方法)”可知，研究人员研究压力机制的主要目的是找出防止压力造成持久伤害的方法。故选D项。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“In2023,UrsulaBeattie,thenadoctoralstudentatTuftsUniversity,andhercolleaguesfoundpossibleevidencethatstresscanoverwhelmDNA’srepairmechanisms.(2023年，当时是塔夫茨大学博士生的厄休拉·比蒂和她的同事们发现了可能的证据，表明压力会压垮DNA的修复机制)”以及第四段中“Inachronicstress(长期压力)setting,“thoserepairmechanismsgetoverwhelmed,whichishowweseeabuildupofDNAdamage,”Beattieexplains.(在长期压力的环境下，“这些修复机制会不堪重负，这就是我们看到DNA损伤积累的原因，”比蒂解释道)”可知，厄休拉·比蒂和她的团队在2023年的研究中发现长期压力会破坏DNA修复系统。故选B项。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中““It’slikeifyouhadtwopiecesofstringcoiledup(卷曲),justlikeDNA,andyoutookapairofscissorsandcutthem,”Beattiesays.Whilethesekindsofdoublestrand(双股)breaksinDNAoccurallthetimeinsparrowsandotherspecies,includinghumans,thedamageistypicallyreversedthroughselfrepairmechanisms.(“这就像你有两条卷曲的绳子，就像DNA一样，然后你拿一把剪刀把它们剪断，”比蒂说。虽然这种DNA双链断裂在麻雀和其他物种，包括人类中经常发生，但这种损伤通常会通过自我修复机制逆转)”可知，比蒂用两条卷曲的绳子来比喻DNA，是为了更形象地解释DNA双链断裂的样子。故选C项。【31题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段中“ThefutureofunderstandingandfightingstressmaylieinourDNA.(理解和对抗压力的未来可能在于我们的DNA)”和最后一段“We’restilllearninghowdeepstressgoesintoourbodies.Butwe’regettingclosertosolvingthepuzzlethatisstress,whichpromisesafuturewherewecanbettermeettheongoingdemandforchange.(我们仍在了解压力对我们身体的影响有多深。但我们离解开压力之谜越来越近了，这预示着一个未来，我们能够更好地满足不断变化的需求)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了研究人员对压力机制的研究，包括压力对DNA的影响，以及这些研究对未来理解和应对压力的希望。所以“StudyingStress:FromDNAMechanismstoFutureHope(研究压力：从DNA机制到未来希望)”能概括文章内容，最合适作为文章标题。故选B项。DImaginegettinganMRI(核磁共振成像)ofyourkneesandbeingtoldyouhave“mildintrasubstancedegenerationoftheposteriorhornofthemedialmeniscus(内侧半月板).”Mostofuswhodidn’tgotomedicalschoolarenotgoingtobeabletodecipherthattermasanythingmeaningfulorunderstandwhatisactionablefromthatdiagnosis.That’swhyStanfordradiologistsdevelopedalargelanguagemodel(LLM)tohelpaddresspatients’medicalconcernsandquestions.Usingthismodel,apatientgettingakneeMRIcouldgetamoreusefulandsimpleexplanation:Yourknee’smeniscusisatissueinyourkneethatservesasacushion,and,likeapillow,themeniscushasgonealittleflatbutstillcanfunction.ThisLLM,called“RadGPT”canextractconceptsfromaradiologist’sreporttothenprovideanexplanationofthatconceptandsuggestpossiblefollowupquestions.Traditionally,medicalexpertiseisneededtounderstandthetechnicalreportsradiologistswriteaboutpatientscans,saidCurtisLanglotz,Stanfordprofessorofradiology,ofmedicine,andofbiomedicaldatascience.“Wehopethatourtechnologywon’tjusthelptoexplaintheresults,butwillalsohelptoimprovethemunicationbetweendoctorandpatient.”ToolslikeRadGPTcouldgetpatientsmoreengagedintheircare,Langlotzbelieves,becausetheycanbetterunderstandwhattheirtestresultsactuallymean.“Doctorsdon’talwayshavethetimetogothroughandexplainreports,linebyline,”Langlotzsaid.“Ithinkpatientswhoreallydounderstandwhat’sintheirmedicalrecordaregoingtogetbettercareandwillaskbetterquestions.”TodevelopRadGPT,theStanfordteamtook30sampleradiologyreportsandextractedfiveconceptsfromeachreport.Theydevelopedexplanationsforthemandthreequestionandanswerpairsthatpatientsmightmonlyask.Fiveradiologistswhoreviewedtheseexplanationsdeterminedthatthesystemisunlikelytoproducehallucinationsorotherharmfulexplanations.AIisstillalongwayfrombeingabletoaccuratelyinterpretrawscans.Instead,thecurrentRadGPTmodeldependsonahumanradiologistdictatingareport,andonlythenwillthesystemextractconceptsfromwhattheyhavewritten.“Aswithanyotherhealthcaretechnology,safetyisabsolutelyprimary,”saidSannaHerwald,thestudy’sleadauthorandaStanfordresidentingraduatemedicaleducation.“ThereasonthisstudyissoexcitingisbecausetheRadGPTgeneratedmaterialsweregenerallyconsideredsafewithoutfurtherchange.ThismeansthatRadGPTisapromisingtoolthatmay,afterfurthertestingandvalidation(确认有效),directlyeducatepatientsabouttheirurgentorincidentalimagingfindingsinrealtimeatthepatient’sconvenience.”32.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“decipher”inthesecondparagraphprobablymean?A.Interpret. B.Appeal. C.Encounter. D.Guarantee.33.WhatcanweinferfromCurtisLanglotz’swordsaboutdoctorpatientmunication?A.Doctorsusuallyexplainradiologyreportsingreatdetailtopatients.B.Patients’lackofunderstandingofreportsmayaffecttheirmedicalcare.C.The21stCenturyCuresActhassolvedtheproblemofpoormunication.D.Doctorspreferpatientsnottoaskquestionsabouttheirradiologyreports.34.WhatisSannaHerwald’sattitudetowardsRadGPT?A.Doubtful. B.Negative. C.Favourable. D.Critical.35.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.AnewAItoolhasbeendevelopedtoscanpatients.B.RadGPThelpspatientsunderstandtheirradiologyreport.C.RadGPTwillreplaceradiologiststooffermedicaladvice.D.AnewAItoolhelpsacceleratetheproductionofradiologyreports.【答案】32.A33.B34.C35.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了斯坦福大学研发的RadGPT模型，可将放射科医生的专业报告转化为通俗解释，提供后续问题建议，助力医患沟通与患者参与诊疗，经评估安全，未来或实时服务患者。【32题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Mostofuswhodidn’tgotomedicalschool(我们当中大多数没有接受过医学专业培训的人)”以及后文“thattermasanythingmeaningfulorunderstandwhatisactionablefromthatdiagnosis(这个术语的含义的，也无法从诊断结果中得出任何有意义的结论或了解如何采取相应的行动)”可知，大多数人因为没有接受过医学专业培训，所以无法理解专业术语。故划线词意思是“理解”。故选A。【33题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段“Ithinkpatientswhoreallydounderstandwhat’sintheirmedicalrecordaregoingtogetbettercareandwillaskbetterquestions.(我认为那些真正理解自己病历内容的患者将会得到更好的治疗，并且会提出更恰当的问题)”可知，从柯蒂斯·朗洛茨关于医患沟通的言论中，患者对报告内容的不理解可能会对他们的医疗护理产生影响。可知选B。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段““ThereasonthisstudyissoexcitingisbecausetheRadGPTgeneratedmaterialsweregenerallyconsideredsafewithoutfurtherchange.ThismeansthatRadGPTisapromisingtoolthatmay,afterfurthertestingandvalidation(确认有效),directlyeducatepatientsabouttheirurgentorincidentalimagingfindingsinrealtimeatthepatient’sconvenience.”(这项研究之所以如此令人兴奋，是因为由RadGPT生成的材料通常被认为无需进