高二英语（人教版）教案 选择性必修一 UNIT 4 BODY LANGUAGE

把握单元素养目标主题意识本单元围绕“肢体语言”这一主题展开，介绍了不同国家、不同文化、不同场合、不同语境中的肢体语言所表达的意义。本单元内容旨在引导学生思考肢体语言与文化背景的密切关系，了解中外肢体语言的共性和差异，了解肢体语言在日常交际中的重要意义，学会尊重和包容与自己所处地域不同的文化现象，形成恰当的跨文化交际意识与行为，正确使用非语言形式进行得体的交流。语法项目能够在语篇中正确理解动词-ing形式用作宾语和表语的情况，并正确使用这一形式进行表达。语言输入听听懂并理解讨论肢体语言的应用场景及其相关对话。读阅读和理解描述常见肢体语言的语篇，能够理解描述这些行为特征的语言特点，掌握描述肢体语言的基本方法，了解用以说明现象和阐释事理的语篇结构和语言特点。看观看有关肢体语言的视频和图片，能够探讨肢体语言在日常交际中的应用和作用。语言输出写能够以书面表达的形式生动地描述某人的肢体语言习惯。说在口头交流中能够运用澄清和要求澄清的口语策略完成有效的交谈；能够根据意群进行合理的停顿，使口头表达符合语言节奏、表意清晰。SectionⅠ“ReadingandThinking”的课文习读环节泛读课文，完成以下学习任务(一)理清文脉结构(二)把握主旨大意1．What'sthemainideaofthetext？A．Thegesturesfor“yes”and“no”differaroundtheworld.B．Somegesturesseemtohavethesamemeaningeverywhere.C．Thegesturefor“OK”hasdifferentmeaningsindifferentcultures.D．Thefunctionofbodylanguageanditsimplicationsindifferentcountries.答案：D2．Matchthemainideawitheachparagraph.Para.1A．Thegesturefor“OK”hasdifferentmeaningsindifferentcultures.Para.2B．Somegesturesseemtohavethesamemeaningeverywhere.Para.3C．Bodylanguagecanexpressourthoughtsandopinions.Para.4D．Thegesturesweusefor“yes”and“no”differaroundtheworld.Para.5E．Somebodylanguagehasmanydifferentuses.Para.6F．Bodylanguagevariesfromculturetoculture.答案：Paras.1～6CFADBE精读课文，完成以下学习任务(一)阅读理解1．Fromparagraph1,weknowthat.A．wordsspeaklouderthanbodylanguageB．bodylanguageismoreusefulthanwordsC．peopleprefertoexpresstheirfeelingsinwordsD．bodylanguageisimportantindailycommunication2．Whatisthepurposeofparagraph2？A．Totellushowimportantbodylanguageis.B．Tostopmenandwomenmakingeyecontactwhiletalking.C．Toremindustolookdownwhiletalkingtoanolderpersontoshowrespect.D．Toshowanidenticalgesturemayhavedifferentmeaningsindifferentcultures.3．Howdoestheauthordevelopthepassage？A．Bylistingfigures.B．Bypresentingtheideas.C．Bydrawingconclusions.D．Bygivingexamplesandmakingcomparisons.4．Whatwillyoudotoexpress“Iamfull”？A．Placeyourhandstogether.B．Placeyourhandonyourstomach.C．Moveyourhandincirclesoveryourstomach.D．Shakeyourhead.5．Whichstatementdoestheauthorpossiblyagreewith？A．Nevertoooldtolearn.B．Asmileisthebestbusinesscard.C．Everycountryhasitsowncustoms.D．Foureyesseemorethantwo.[Tip]运用谚语常识解题习语和谚语是英语语言中经过长期的反复使用沉积而成的，具有语言精练、形象生动、文化气息浓郁的特点。积累习语和谚语能够增强我们对英语国家的文化背景、思维方式及民族特色的理解，可以提高阅读能力，便于解题。如本题A项意为“活到老，学到老”；B项意为“微笑是最好的名片”；C项意为“各国有各国的风俗”；D项意为“集思广益”。通过文章最后一段我们可以得知答案。答案：1～5DDDCB(二)阅读表达1．Whatistheauthor'spurposeofwritingthispassage？Toenablereaderstolearnaboutbodylanguageindifferentculturesanduseitappropriately.2．Doyouoftenusebodylanguagewhilecommunicatingwithothers？Whatisyourfavoritebodylanguage？Yes,Ioftenusebodylanguagewhilecommunicatingwithothers.Itisapowerfultoolthatenhancesunderstandingandconnection.Myfavoritebodylanguageismaintaininggoodeyecontact.Itshowsattentiveness,sincerity,andrespect.Bylookingintosomeone'seyes,IcanconveythatIamfullypresentandengagedintheconversation.3．Whenastrangermisunderstandsthemeaningofyourbodylanguage,whatwillyoudo？Ifastrangermisunderstandsthemeaningofmybodylanguage,Iwouldtrytoclarifythesituationbyusingverbalcommunication.Iwouldpolitelyexplainmyintentionsandapologizeforanyconfusioncaused.Itisimportanttobeunderstandingandpatient,asdifferentculturesandindividualsmayinterpretbodylanguagedifferently.|阅|读|技|能|提|升|把握行文方式，厘清主要观点本文是一篇事理说明文。它在解读说明对象时常采用“总述＋举例”的行文方式，即作者先明确提出某个主题或观点，然后通过列举具体的例子，进一步解释和阐述这一主题或观点。如本文第二段首句先点明观点，即不同的文化有着不同的肢体语言，而后采用了Forexample,...insomecountries...Inothercountries,bycontrast等标志词，通过列举不同国家的肢体语言具体解释前面的观点。这种行文方式可以使抽象的概念或观点更加具体、生动，有助于加深读者的理解。阅读此类体裁的文章时，可以先分析其行文方式，进而厘清作者的观点。(一)赏用词之妙1．Thecrucialthingisusingbodylanguageinawaythatisappropriatetothecultureyouarein.Forexample,makingeyecontact—lookingintosomeone'seyes—insomecountriesisawaytodisplayinterest.赏析：本段使用“appropriate”强调了在不同的文化环境中，我们需要根据当地的习惯和习俗来调整我们的肢体语言，凸显了使用适合的肢体语言的重要性，为下文做好了铺垫。2．①Justlikespokenlanguage,bodylanguagevariesfromculturetoculture.②Thegesturefor“OK”hasdifferentmeaningsindifferentcultures.③Eventhegesturesweusefor“yes”and“no”differaroundtheworld.赏析：作者在行文中分别用vary,different,differ三个不同的词语来表达肢体语言在不同的文化中具有不同的含义；用fromculturetoculture，indifferentcultures,aroundtheworld三种表达方式来表达世界上的多种文化，以避免语言的重复。在写作中这种方式经常使用，注意借鉴。eq\a\vs4\al(提能训练/完成句子)①虽然这些国际生文化背景不同，个人爱好也彼此不同，但在夏令营中，他们相处得很融洽。(用不同的动词表示“不同”)Althoughtheyvaryinculturalbackgrounds,anddifferfromeachotherinpersonaltaste,theinternationalstudentsinthesummercamparegettingalongharmoniously.②我们经常很难找到合适的单词和短语来表达我们的想法。Itoftenhappensthatwehavetroubleinfindingappropriatewordsandphrasestogiveexpressiontoourminds.(二)赏句式之高1．InJapan,itmaydemonstraterespecttolookdownwhentalkingtoanolderperson.赏析：该句中it为形式主语，真正的主语为动词不定式短语tolookdown。when...person为when引导的时间状语从句的省略。该句表达了在日本，与年长者交谈时，目光下垂表示敬重的情形。2．Therearealsodifferencesinhowwetoucheachother,howclosewestandtosomeonewearetalkingto,andhowweactwhenwemeetorpart.赏析：本句为therebe句型，其中包含三个并列的由how引导的宾语从句，作介词in的宾语。在第二个宾语从句中，wearetalkingto为省略了关系词that的定语从句，修饰先行词someone；第三个宾语从句中包含一个由when引导的时间状语从句。该句介绍了不同文化里的肢体语言在这三个方面也存在差异。eq\a\vs4\al(提能训练/完成句子)①It'ssoconvenienttobeabletocomparethequalityandpricesfromdifferentonlineshopsbeforeIbuy.购物前，能够比较不同的网络商店的质量和价格，非常方便。②Attheendofthesmallvillage,therewasanancientstonebridgethatspannedacrossaclearcreek.Everyeveninginthesummer,whenthelastraysofthesettingsunfelluponthebridge,thewholescenebecamepicturesquelikeapoem.在这个小村庄的尽头，有一座古老的石桥，它横跨在一条清澈的小溪上。每到夏天的傍晚，当夕阳的余晖洒在桥上，整个景色都变得如诗如画。(三)赏文笔之美Asmilecanhelpusgetthroughdifficultsituationsandfindfriendsinaworldofstrangers.Asmilecanbreakdownbarriers.Wecanuseasmiletoapologise,togreetsomeone,toaskforhelp,ortostartaconversation.赏析：本段中Asmilecan...Asmilecan...以及toapologise,togreetsomeone,toaskforhelp,ortostartaconversation都使用了平行结构，强调了微笑在不同情境中的多种作用。这种平行结构可以使句子更加流畅，且有节奏感，并且能够更好地传达信息，让读者更加关注微笑在社交中的重要性。eq\a\vs4\al(提能训练/完成句子)参加工作面试时，要注意自己的穿戴方式、如何回答面试官的问题以及怎样表现以留下好的印象。(平行结构)Whentakingajobinterview,becarefulabouthowtodress,howtorespondtotheinterviewer'squestionsandhowtobehavetoleaveagoodimpression.肢体语言与言语表达在实际交流中是共存的，并在一定程度上承担着传情达意的功能。因为地域文化的不同，肢体语言可能有相应的变化，并不是一个文化的所有成员都有相同的行为方式。在当今文化多元化的世界里，了解肢体语言有助于我们充分关注文化差异，增强文化意识。Yesterday,anotherstudentandI,representingouruniversity'sstudentassociation,wenttotheCapitalInternationalAirporttomeetthisyear'sinternationalstudents.TheywerecomingtostudyatBeijingUniversity.Wewouldtakethemfirsttotheirdormitoriesandthentothestudentcanteen.eq\o(Afterhalfanhourofwaitingfortheirflighttoarrive，Isawseveralyoungpeopleenter,\s\do7(①))thewaitingarealookingaroundcuriously.Istoodforaminutewatchingthemandthenwenttogreetthem.ThefirstpersontoarrivewasTonyGarciafromColombia,closelyfollowedbyJuliaSmithfromBritain.AfterImetthemandthenintroducedthemtoeachother,Iwasverysurprised.TonyapproachedJulia,touchedhershoulderandkissedheronthecheek!Shesteppedbackappearingsurprisedandputupherhands,asifindefence.Iguessedthattherewasprobablyamajormisunderstanding.ThenAkiraNagatafromJapancameinsmiling,togetherwithGeorgeCookfromCanada.Astheywereintroduced,GeorgereachedhishandouttotheJapanesestudent.Justatthatmoment,however,AkirabowedsohisnosetouchedGeorge'smovinghand.Theybothapologized—anotherculturalmistake!AhmedAziz,anotherinternationalstudent,wasfromJordan.Whenwemetyesterday,hemovedveryclosetomeasIintroducedmyself.Imovedbackabit,buthecameclosertoaskaquestionandthenshookmyhand.eq\o(WhenDarleneCoulonfromFrancecamedashingthroughthedoor，sherecognizedTony,\s\do7(②))Garcia'ssmilingface.Theyshookhandsandthenkissedeachothertwiceoneachcheek,sincethatistheFrenchcustomwhenadultsmeetpeopletheyknow.AhmedAziz,onthecontrary,simplynoddedatthegirls.MenfromMiddleEasternandotherMuslimcountrieswilloftenstandquiteclosetoothermentotalkbutwillusuallynottouchwomen.AsIgettoknowmoreinternationalfriends,Ilearnmoreaboutthiscultural“bodylanguage”.eq\o(Notallculturesgreeteachotherthesameway，noraretheycomfortableinthesamewaywith,\s\do4(③))touchingordistancebetweenpeople.Inthesamewaythatpeoplecommunicatewithspokenlanguage,theyalsoexpresstheirfeelingsusingunspoken“language”throughphysicaldistance,actionsorposture.Englishpeople,forexample,donotusuallystandveryclosetoothersortouchstrangersassoonastheymeet.However,peoplefromplaceslikeSpain,ItalyorSouthAmericancountriesapproachotherscloselyandaremorelikelytotouchthem.Mostpeoplearoundtheworldnowgreeteachotherbyshakinghands,butsomeculturesuseothergreetingsaswell,suchastheJapanese,whoprefertobow.Theseactionsarenotgoodorbad,butaresimplywaysinwhichcultureshavedeveloped.Ihaveseen,however,thatculturalcustomsforbodylanguageareverygeneral—notallmembersofaculturebehaveinthesameway.Ingeneral,though,studyinginternationalcustomscancertainlyhelpavoiddifficultiesintoday'sworldofculturalcrossroads![阅读理解]1．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothetext？A．Peoplefromdifferentcultureshavethesamebodylanguagegreetings.B．Englishpeopleusuallyliketostandclosetoothersandtouchstrangers.C．AhmedAzizsimplynoddedatthegirlsbecausehedidn'tlikethem.D．TheJapanesepreferbowingwhilegreetingothers.2．Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph4？A．Bodylanguageismoreimportantthanspokenlanguage.B．Differentcultureshavedifferentpreferencesforbodylanguage.C．Peopleshouldavoidusingbodylanguageincross-culturalcommunication.D．Onlyafewculturesusebodylanguagetoexpressfeelings.3．Whatisthebesttitleforthistext？A．CulturalDifferencesinGreetingsB．TheImportanceofBodyLanguageC．AnExperienceofMeetingInternationalStudentsD．HowtoAvoidCulturalMisunderstandings答案：1～3DBA[素养积累]1．由文积词汇dormitoryn． 宿舍approachvt.&vi. 接近；靠近；走近defencen. 防御dashvi. 猛冲distancen. 距离posturen. 姿势；姿态crossroadsn. 十字路口2．据文悟句式句①：Afterhalfanhourofwaitingfortheirflighttoarrive是时间状语，lookingaroundcuriously是现在分词短语作伴随状语。句②：when引导时间状语从句，其中dashingthroughthedoor是现在分词短语作伴随状语。句③：Notall...是部分否定结构；nor...是倒装结构，表示前面的否定情况也适用于后者。[课时跟踪检测](标语篇配有教师讲评课件)Ⅰ.阅读理解APeoplewhodon'tfeelconfidentinsocialsituationsoftenhavetroubleinteractingwithothers.However,anyonecanboosttheirconfidencebyensuringtheirbodylanguageconveysapositivemessage.Practicethesegesturesandmovementstoprojectyourconfidence.LeanForwardWhenyouareinaconversation,leaningforwardindicatesinterestandattention,whilemaintainingdistanceindicatesthatyouaredisinterested.Researchsuggeststhatnonverbalsignalssuchasleaningforwardandfacingstraightaheadhelpconveyfeelingsofinterest.SlowYourMovementsFastmovementsmakeyouappearmoreanxious.Everythingfromhandgesturestoyourwalkingpacecanmakeadifference;slowdownandnoticehowyoufeelmoreconfidentwhenyoutakeyourtime.Thekey,however,istomaintainothersignalslikeeyecontactandposturewhilemovingmoreslowly.Slowmovementscombinedwithpooreyecontactandslouched(耷拉的)posturemaycausepeopletoseeyoulessconfident.KeepYourChinUpDoyoulookatthegroundwhenyouarewalkingortalking？Instead,keepingyourheadupandfacingyourconversationpartnerconveyinterestandconfidence.Itmightfeelunnaturalinitially,butyouwilleventuallybecomeusedtothismoreconfidentpose.GiveaFirmHandshakeAweakhandshakeisasignofalackofconfidence,soofferafirmhandwhenmeetingothers.Howlongyourhandshakelastscanalsoinfluencehowpeopleperceiveyou.Researchhasfoundthatthelengthofanormalhandshakeisaroundthreesecondsorless.Handshakeslastinglongerthanthreesecondsareassociatedwithlessenjoymentoftheinteractionandmoreanxiety.语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四种可以增强自信的手势和动作。1．Whichwayofwalkingconveysconfidence？A．Walkfastwithheadstraightup.B．Movefastwithaleaningposture.C．Walkslowlywithpropereyecontact.D．Moveslowlywithmaintaineddistance.解析：选C细节理解题。根据小标题SlowYourMovements下的“Thekey,however,istomaintainothersignalslikeeyecontactandposturewhilemovingmoreslowly.”可知，缓慢行走，眼神交流得当可以传达自信。2．Whichbodylanguagerequiresconsideringthelengthoftime？A．LeanForward.B．SlowYourMovements.C．KeepYourChinUp.D．GiveaFirmHandshake.解析：选D细节理解题。根据小标题GiveaFirmHandshake下的“Howlongyourhandshakelastscanalsoinfluencehowpeopleperceiveyou.”可知，握手需要考虑时间长短。3．Whoisthetextintendedfor？A．Thosewhohaveapassionforbodylanguage.B．Thosewhorunprojectsaboutbodylanguage.C．Thosewholackconfidenceincommunication.D．Thosewhodesiretoboosttheirlanguageskills.解析：选C推理判断题。根据第一段中“Peoplewhodon'tfeelconfidentinsocialsituationsoftenhavetroubleinteractingwithothers.”可知，文章是写给那些对沟通缺乏信心的人。BIfyouwanttosucceedinlife,youneedtoexpresstheproperbodylanguage,withorwithouthavingtosayanythingelse.Youwillcertainlynoticeawholenewreactionfrompeopleifyouusethepowerofbodylanguage.Relaxyourshoulders,keepyourhandsatyoursides(neverinsideyourpockets)andbreatheslowly.Haveawarm,welcomingfacialexpressionasifyoulookforwardtocommunicating.Dependingonthesituation,youmaysmilewhenappropriate.Facetheotherpersonoryouraudienceandkeepeyecontactasmuchaspossiblethroughoutthetalk.Noddingandtilting(倾斜)yourheadclosercanshowthatyouarelistening.Donotfoldyourarms,lookdownatthefloororputyourhandsinyourpockets.Thesecanshowthatyouareuninterested.Ifyouhaveanycomments,youcanshowtheminnegativebutrespectfulwayslikeraisingyoureyebrows.Alotofyourbodylanguagecanshowhowconfident,interested,bored,angryornervousyouare.Keepingyourheadupthroughouttheentireconversationcanshowthatyouareverymuchintotheconversationathand.Youmayfeelfreetouseafewhandgesturestoemphasize(强调)apoint.Ifyou'reenumeratingthings,it'sbettertouseeachofyourfingersasyoumentioneachitemtohelpyouraudiencekeeptrack.Pacingwillhelpyoucreatemoregroundifyouhavealargercrowdtocommunicatewith.Itwillalsoshowconfidenceonyourpartasyouthinkofmorethingstosay.Beverycarefulwhentouchingtheotherpersonsinceyouarecrossingtheboundariesofbodylanguagethroughactualcontact.Rememberthatinbodylanguage,itisyourbodythatdoesthetalkingforyou.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了肢体语言的力量。4．Accordingtothetext,ifyoufindalistenerraisinghiseyebrows,hemay.A．trytoshowhisangerB．wanttogivehisownopinionC．notunderstandwhatyousayD．wanttoprovehisconfidence解析：选B推理判断题。根据第四段中“Ifyouhaveanycomments,youcanshowtheminnegativebutrespectfulwayslikeraisingyoureyebrows.”可知，如果你发现一个听众扬起眉毛，他可能会想发表自己的意见。5．Theunderlinedword“enumerating”inparagraph6maymean“”．A．considering B．judgingC．numbering D．discussing解析：选C词义猜测题。根据画线词句后半部分“it'sbettertouseeachofyourfingersasyoumentioneachitemtohelpyouraudiencekeeptrack”可知，用一根手指代指提到的一个项目，这是在计数，从而推知画线词应为“计数”的意思。6．What'stheauthor'ssuggestionifyouhavealargercrowdtocommunicatewith？A．Towalkataslowpace.B．Toshakehandswitheveryperson.C．Tolookdownatthefloor.D．Tofoldyourarms.解析：选A细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Pacingwillhelpyoucreatemoregroundifyouhavealargercrowdtocommunicatewith.”可知，如果你有更多的人可以交流，作者建议控制节奏。7．Whatisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext？A．ThePowerofBodyLanguageB．TheAttractionofBodyLanguageC．TheOriginofBodyLanguageD．TheUnderstandingofBodyLanguage解析：选A标题归纳题。通读全文，根据第一段中“Youwillcertainlynoticeawholenewreactionfrompeopleifyouusethepowerofbodylanguage.”可知，本文主要介绍了肢体语言的力量。A项适合作文章标题。Ⅱ.阅读七选五Understandingbodylanguageisimportantinlife.Whetheryou'reabusinessmanorashopclerk,youhavetoknowhowtocommunicateeffectivelywiththem.8Herearefourtrickstobetterunderstandbodylanguage.·Laughtoreallymakeaconnection.Laughtersignalstheimportantformofconnectionbetweentwopeople.Laughwhenyouwanttoreallyconnectwithsomeoneinabusinesssenseorapersonalsense.9·Liftyourchinup.Whenyouliftyourchinup,youdisplayagreatamountofpride,confidence,anddominance.10Nexttimeyouwanttodisplayconfidence,suchasmakinganonstagespeech,tellingastorytoagroupoffriends,orinterviewingforadesiredposition,keepyourchinup!·11Whentryingtobuildrelationshipwithsomeonespeakingtoyou,nodyourheadonoccasionwhenthepersonsaysnewthings.Thisisahugesignshowingthatyouareinagreementwiththemandthatyouarelisteningandacceptingwhattheyaretellingyou.Itcreatesagreatbondinconversationwhenthelistenerisnoddingtheirheadsanddisplayingthattheyarereallylistening.·Gentlytouchthepersononthearm.12Thisisnottosayit'sokaytogoaroundtouchingpeopleallthetime.However,thisisreferringmoretoalighttouchonsomeone'sarmoraplayfulpatontheshoulder.Bydoingthis,youactuallycreateabondbetweenyouandtheperson.A．Nodyourhead.B．Uncrossyourlegs.C．Bykeepingitupyoushowyou'recontentwithyourselfandsecureinwhoyouare.D．Therefore,it'sessentialthatyouunderstandwhatyou'resayingbeyondjustthewords.E．Communicationiswhatlifeisallabout,andyourbodycommunicatesalmosteverything!F．Bygentlytouchingsomeoneyouarespeakingwithonthearm,youbuildthefeelingoftrust.G．Laughingandgettingsomeoneelsetolaughcanbeextremelybeneficialwhenitcomestocommunicatingeffectively!语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了帮助你更好地理解肢体语言的四个技巧。8．选D根据前文可知，无论你是什么身份，理解肢体语言都很重要。故D项“因此，重要的是你要明白你所说的话语的言外之意。”符合语境，对前文进行了总结。9．选G根据本段的标题“Laughtoreallymakeaconnection.”可知，本段主要是介绍笑在交流中的作用。故G项“笑和让别人笑，在有效沟通方面是非常有益的！”符合本段主题，且laugh是词汇复现。10．选C根据前句介绍抬起下巴的表现，可判断空格处与前句应形成顺承关系，介绍下巴上扬的意义。故C项“下巴上扬表示你对自己很满意，很自信。”符合语境，都介绍了下巴上扬的意义。11．选A本段内容主要介绍点头，故A项“点头”符合本段主题，且nodyourhead是词汇复现。12．选F根据本段的小标题“Gentlytouchthepersononthearm.”可知，本段是介绍触碰别人手臂的含义。F选项中gentlytouchingsomeoneyouarespeakingwithonthearm对应标题Gentlytouchthepersononthearm，故F项“通过轻轻地触碰和你谈话的人的手臂能建立信任。”符合本段主题。SectionⅡ“ReadingandThinking”的新知学习环节一、阅读单词——知其义1．ourinteractionswithotherpeople 我们与他人的交流2．makeagesture 做手势3．waistmeasurement 腰围4．fakefur 仿造的毛皮二、重点单词——写其形1.eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(①avitalwitness一名重要证人,②witnessanaccident目击一场事故))2．herrosycheeks 她红红的脸颊3.eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(①favourshakinghands更喜欢握手,②askafavourofyou请你帮个忙))4.eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(①bowfromthewaist鞠躬,②huntwithbowsandarrows以弓箭行猎))5．breakdownbarriers 打破隔阂三、活用单词——悉其变1.eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(①varyfromculturetoculture因文化而异,②avarietyofactivities各种活动,③variouswaysofdoingthis,做这件事情的各种方法))2.eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(①beappropriatetotheculture适合这种文化,②actappropriately,举止得体地))3.eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(①approveofmyidea同意我的想法,②nodinapproval点头表示同意,③disapproveofdrunkdriving,不赞成酒后驾车,④approvethecompany'srequest,批准这家公司的请求))4.eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(①demonstraterespect表达尊敬,②apracticaldemonstration实际操作示范))5.eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(①employthegesture使用这个手势,②akind­heartedemployer一位仁慈的雇主,③ahard­workingemployee一位努力工作的员工,④preventtheemploymentofchildren,禁止雇用童工))6.eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(①anidenticalgesture相同的手势,②identifytheirownsuitcases,确认他们自己的旅行箱))7.eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(①interpretitasmeaningzero将其解读为零,②asignlanguageinterpreter一名手语译员))8.eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(①differfromeachother彼此不同,②bedifferentfromothercountries,不同于其他国家,③thevastdifference巨大差别))9.eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(①befullofanger满腔怒火,②getangry生气,③reactangrilytothenews,对这一消息表示愤怒,④angerhermother激怒她的妈妈))10.eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(①areliablefriend一位可信赖的朋友,②relyonyourownjudgement,相信你自己的判断))四、拓展构词——明其规(依据规律串记单词)1．angry：“-y”结尾的形容词①windy多风的 ②hungry饥饿的③guilty内疚的 ④healthy健康的2．reliable：“-able”结尾的形容词①adjustable可调节的 ②valuable有价值的③reasonable有道理的 ④comfortable舒适的五、高级词块——通其用1．bycontrast 相比之下2．bycomparison (与……)相比较3．makeinferences 推理；推断4．breakdown 消除；分解；打破5．varyfrom...to... 从……到……不等6．lookdown 俯视；向下看7．getthrough 度过；熬过；完成；使理解；使明白8．figureout 理解；明白1．Justlikespokenlanguage,bodylanguagevariesfromculturetoculture.不同的文化有着不同的肢体语言，这与口头语言相似。★varyvi.(根据情况)变化；改变|用|法|感|知|•(经典过渡句)Viewsononlinelearningvaryfrompersontoperson.不同的人对网络学习有不同的看法。•Sharksintheseavaryinsizefromjust20centimetresto14metres.海里的鲨鱼大小从仅仅20厘米到14米不等。•(“景色描写”写作佳句)ThemomentIenteredthepark,avarietyofbeautifulflowersandgreentreescameintosight.我一进入公园，各种各样美丽的花朵和绿树就映入眼帘。[归纳点拨](1)varyfrom...to... 从……到……不等varyin... 在……(大小、形状等)上不同varywith 随……变化/改变(2)variousadj. 各种各样的；各种不同的(3)varietyn. 种类；变化avarietyof/varietiesof 各种各样的|应|用|融|会|(1)单句语法填空①Ilikereadingverymuch,especiallythestorybooks,varyingfromChinesestoriestoEnglishstories.②Inmyfreetime,I'llcontinuetotakeregularexercise,suchasswimming,runningandvarious(vary)ballgames.(2)一句多译如果你来北京旅游，我将安排各种各样的活动，从爬长城到参观颐和园不等。③IfyoutraveltoBeijing,Iwillarrangeavarietyof/varietiesof/variousactivities，whichvaryfromclimbingtheGreatWalltovisitingtheSummerPalace.(定语从句)④IfyoutraveltoBeijing,Iwillarrangeavarietyof/varietiesof/variousactivities，varyingfromclimbingtheGreatWalltovisitingtheSummerPalace.(现在分词短语作状语)[联想发散]表示“各种各样的”的短语还有：allsortsof,allkindsof等。2．Thecrucialthingisusingbodylanguageinawaythatisappropriatetothecultureyouarein.使用肢体语言时，最重要的是要符合你所处的文化。★appropriateadj.合适的；恰当的|用|法|感|知|•(“推荐”类写作佳句)IthinkheisveryappropriateforthejobduetohisexcellentEnglish.我认为他非常适合这一工作，因为他的英语很好。•Itisappropriatethatwe(should)helppeopleinneed.我们帮助有需要的人是应该的。[归纳点拨](1)beappropriateto/for 适用于；合乎beappropriate(forsb.)todosth. (某人)做某事是合适的itisappropriatethatsb.(should)dosth. 某人做某事是合适的(2)appropriatelyadv. 适当地；合适地|应|用|融|会|(1)单句语法填空①Hisformalstyleofspeakingwasappropriateto/fortheoccasion.②Itisnotappropriatetoask(ask)suchpersonalquestionsinaninterview.(2)一句多译依我之见，我认为父母为了给孩子提供更好的条件而放弃工作是不合适的。③Asforme,Idon'tthinkitisappropriateforparentstoquittheirjobsinordertoprovidebetterconditionsfortheirchildren.④Asforme,Idon'tthinkitisappropriatethatparents(should)quittheirjobsinordertoprovidebetterconditionsfortheirchildren.[名师点津]在itisappropriatethat句型中，从句常用(should)do的虚拟语气结构。3．Inothercountries,bycontrast,eyecontactisnotalwaysapprovedof.相反，在另一些国家，眼神交流并不总是被认可。★approvevi.赞成；同意vt.批准；通过|用|法|感|知|•(“申请”类写作佳句)Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldapprovemyapplicationandinformmeoftheinterview.如果你能批准我的申请并通知我面试，我将十分感激。•I'mafraidyourparentswon'tapproveofyourgoingthere.我担心你父母不会赞成你到那儿去。[归纳点拨](1)approvesth. 批准/通过某事approveof(sb./sb.'s)doingsth. 赞同/同意(某人)做某事(2)approvaln. 赞成；同意；批准；通过meetwithone'sapproval 得到某人的赞许/批准giveone'sapprovalto 同意；批准|应|用|融|会|(1)单句语法填空①Iapproveofyourearning(earn)somemoney,butpleasedon'tneglectyourstudies.②Iwouldappreciateitifmyapplicationcouldmeetwithyourapproval(approve)．(2)完成句子③Afteralongdebate,themeetingapprovedtheplan.经过长时间的辩论后，该会议通过了此项计划。④Thefatherapprovedofthetwins/twins'preparingaMother'sDaybreakfastandofferedtohelpthem.父亲同意这对双胞胎准备母亲节早餐，并且主动提出帮助他们。[名师点津]“赞成/同意某人做某事”不可说成approvesb.todosth.,因为approve用作“同意；赞成”时是不及物动词，所以应该用approveofsb./sb'sdoingsth.，其中介词of后是动词-ing的复合结构。4．InJapan,someonewhowitnessesanotherpersonemployingthegesturemightthinkitmeansmoney.在日本，一个人看到另外一个人使用这一手势，可能会认为这表示金钱。★witnessvt.当场看到；目击；见证n.目击者；证人|用|法|感|知|•(“拟人修辞”佳句)ThepastdecadehaswitnessedgreatchangesinthetourismindustryinChina.过去的十年目睹了中国旅游业的巨大变化。•Hewitnessedtohavingseentheaccident.他作证曾目击那件意外事故。•Heistheonlywitnesstotheaccident.他是那桩意外事故的唯一目击者。[归纳点拨](1)witnesssth. 目击(睹)某事witnessto(doing)sth. 为(做)某事作证(2)be(a)witnesstosth. 某事的目击者givewitnessonbehalfofsb. 为某人作证|应|用|融|会|(1)单句语法填空①Thewitnessestotheaircrashsaidtheysawanexplosionjustbeforethedisaster.②Ataxidriverwitnessedtohavingseen(see)theaccusedenterthebuilding.(2)完成句子③Shegavewitnessonbehalfoftheaccusedperson.她为被告作证。④Thenextthreedayswitnessedourefforttodesign,makeandprintthepapercupswithcolors.接下来的三天见证了我们设计、制作和着色纸杯的努力。[语境串记]Thewitnesswhowitnessedtheaccidentwitnessedtohisbehaviourandpromisedtobeawitness.目击了这场事故的目击者为他的行为作证，并且答应做证人。★employvt.使用；应用；雇用|用|法|感|知|•WeemployherasanEnglishinterpreter.我们雇用她做英语翻译。•Thebossemployedasecretarytohelphimwithhiswork.这个老板雇用了一位秘书来帮助他的工作。•(“人物介绍”类佳句)Mymotherisateacherwhosetimeisemployedinteachingandtakingcareofthefamily.我妈妈是一位老师，她的时间都用在教学和照顾家人上。[归纳点拨](1)employsb.as... 雇用某人作为……employsb.todosth. 雇用某人做某事employoneselfindoingsth.＝beemployedindoingsth. 从事于/忙于做某事(2)employern. 雇主employeen. 雇员(un)employmentn. 就业/失业|应|用|融|会|(1)单句语法填空①Thecompanywillemploytheyoungmanasanadvisor.②Theyemployedhertolook(look)afterthebaby.③Themanageremployedhimself(he)inmakingafutureplanforhiscompany.(2)升级黑体词汇④Hewasbusyincleaninghisshoes.employed(3)一句多译每天忙于在线学习，我不能抽出时间与老师和同学面对面地交流。⑤Employedinonlinelearningeveryday，Ican'tsparesometimetointeractwithmyteachersandclassmatesfacetoface.(过去分词短语作状语)⑥Employingmyselfinonlinelearningeveryday,Ican'tsparesometimetointeractwithmyteachersandclassmatesfacetoface.(现在分词短语作状语)5.Eventhegesturesweusefor“yes”and“no”differaroundtheworld.即便是用于表示肯定和否定的身势语，在世界各地也不尽相同。★differvi.相异；不同于|用|法|感|知|•Lifeinthecitydiffersfromthatinthecountrysideintermsoflivingenvironmentandpace.城市生活在居住环境和节奏方面与乡村生活不同。•Thetwinsdifferwidelyintheirtastes.Onelikesdoingsports,andtheotherlikesreadingbooks.这对双胞胎的爱好大不相同。一个喜欢做运动，另一个喜欢读书。•(深刻说理句)Smallactsofkindnesscanreallymakeagreatdifferencetoothers.小小善举真的能给他人带来很大影响。[归纳点