2026年高考英语二轮信息必刷卷03

绝密★启用前2026年高考二轮信息必刷卷03英语考情速递高考・新动向题型严格契合上海高考英语框架，全面考查语言基础、阅读理解、语篇表达等核心能力。选材聚焦生态保护、文化传承、科学探索等主题，凸显“立德树人”与跨学科融合：语法填空围绕“环保驾驶”展开，衔接生态保护与生活实践；阅读A篇（公益旅游）探讨善意与实效的平衡，B篇（未探索之地）融合地理、生态与探险精神，C篇（蝙蝠保护）聚焦环保成效与挑战，D篇（左撇子运动优势）融入科学研究与运动常识。命题强调语篇真实性与实用性，侧重在真实情境中考查语言运用与逻辑思维能力。高考・新情境命题情境紧扣时代议题与科学探索，覆盖三大主题语境。语法填空以“环保驾驶与出行选择”为情境，提供绿色生活方案，贴合生态保护趋势；阅读A篇（公益旅游的反思）聚焦国际援助的伦理思考，引导理性行善；B篇（马里亚纳海沟、雅瓦里谷等未探索之地）融合地理知识与探险精神，激发认知兴趣；C篇（英国蝙蝠保护）探讨环保政策与发展的平衡，体现辩证思维；六选四（左撇子运动优势）融入科学研究过程，培养科学素养。情境设置兼具知识性与思想性，引导学生关联现实、深度思考。命题・大预测阅读语篇选材将持续聚焦生态保护、科学探索、文化伦理（如公益旅游、蝙蝠保护、未探索之地），说明文侧重科学知识与现实问题结合，记叙文注重实践反思与情感体验，应用文强调信息传递与实用价值。命题将强化深度思维与科学逻辑考查，推理判断题、词义猜测题需结合科学常识与语篇逻辑（如蝙蝠种群变化原因、左撇子运动优势的科学依据），信息整合题注重对多维度内容的归纳（如环保政策的成效与挑战），引导辩证思考现实问题。语用能力考查更灵活务实，六选四聚焦科学研究的逻辑衔接（如左撇子优势的研究过程），完形填空侧重语境化词义辨析（如共享文档协作中的行为与心理关联），翻译与书面表达聚焦真实情境（如摄影工作坊选择建议），强调表达的准确性与实用性。(时间105分钟，满分115分)考生注意：1.答题前，考生务必在答题纸上用钢笔或水笔清楚填写姓名、准考证号，并用铅笔正确涂写准考证号。2.答案必须全部涂写在答题纸上。如用铅笔答题，或写在试卷上也一律不给分。II.GrammarandVocabulary（每题1分；共20分）SectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.Walking,cyclingorhoppingontopublictransportarethebestwaystotravelwithacleanconscience.Yetcarsremainanimportantoptionformanyfamiliesbecauseofitsconvenience.Forpeopleinruralareas,orwithmobilityproblems,acarcanbeanessentiallifeline.Drivewithstyle1kindofcaryourun,onethingisforsure.Thoughyoumayfeelconfidentofyourdrivingskills,theleastreliablepartwillbeyou:yourdrivingstylehasamassiveimpact2thefuelneeded,withacceleration,gearchangingandbrakingallplayingasignificantrole.Inchingalongatthepaceofachild’stricycle3feeleconomicalbutwon’tmagicallyyieldpeakeconomy.Inmostmoderncars,4(accelerate)normally,changingupat2,000rpminadiesel,or2,500rpminapetrolpoweredcar.Onceatasensiblesteadyspeed,choosethehighestgear5willlettheenginerunwithoutlaboring.Anumberofecodrivingappsareavailableforsmartphonestohelpyouimproveyoursmoothness.TheAGlassofWateriPhoneappofferstipstohelpyouavoidspillingadrop.ThefreeRACTrafficappisalsoagreatwaytoavoidwastingfuelintrafficjams.It’salsoimportantto:Leavejunkathome.Carryextraweightinthebootwastesexcessfuel.Leaveingoodtimeanddon’tspeed.6extra10mphonthemotorwaywilladd10%toyourfuelbill.PowerPlaysItmaybedecades7alternativefuelssuchashydrogenbeemonplace,buthybrid(混合动力)carsthatusebatterypowertoboostapetrolordieselenginearealreadyavailableineverycategory.Itmeansmanyfamiliesmightfindanelectricvehicleideal8asecondcar.Sellyourwheels,stilltravelbycar9youneedacarforshortperiods,suchasshopping,andliveinacity,considerashorttermcarhireservicesuchasZipcar10_______owningacar.【答案】1．Whatever2．on3．may4．accelerate5．that6．An7．before8．as9．If10．insteadof【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了如何通过改变驾驶习惯、利用科技和选择合适的车辆来环保驾驶，以及替代出行方式。1．考查让步状语从句。句意：无论你开什么样的车，有一件事是肯定的。此处表示“无论什么”，应用whatever引导让步状语从句，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Whatever。2．考查介词。句意：虽然你可能对自己的驾驶技术很有信心，但最不可靠的部分将是你自己：你的驾驶风格对所需燃料有巨大影响，加速、换挡和刹车都起着重要作用。表示“对……有巨大影响”，应用固定搭配haveamassiveimpacton。故填on。3．考查情态动词。句意：以儿童三轮车的速度缓慢行驶可能会感觉经济，但不会神奇地产生最佳的经济性。此处表示“可能会”，表示“轻微的可能性”，应用情态动词might，后接动词原形feel。故填might。4．考查祈使句。句意：在大多数现代汽车中，正常加速即可，柴油车转速达到2000转/分时换挡，汽油车达到2500转/分时换挡。此处为祈使句，需用动词accelerate“加速”的原形开头，故填accelerate。5．考查定语从句。句意：一旦达到合理的稳定速度，选择最高档位，让发动机在不费力的情况下运行。此处引导定语从句，先行词为gear，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，且先行词被形容词最高级highest修饰，应用关系代词that引导。故填that。6．考查冠词。句意：在高速公路上每小时多开10英里，燃油费用就会增加10%。根据句意可知，表示泛指“一个额外的每小时10英里”，且extra发音以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。故填An。before...句意：氢气等替代燃料可能需要几十年才能普及，但使用电池动力来增强汽油或柴油发动机的混合动力汽车已经在各个类别中都有销售。“Itmaybe+一段时间+before...”为固定句型，意为“可能要过多久才……”，故填before。8．考查介词。句意：这意味着许多家庭可能会发现电动汽车作为第二辆车是理想的。此处表示“作为”，应用介词as。故填as。9．考查状语从句。句意：如果你需要短时间用车，比如购物，而且住在城市里，可以考虑使用Zipcar等短期租车服务，而不是自己买车。此处引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”用if引导，位于句首，首字母大写。故填If。10．考查固定短语。句意：如果你需要短时间用车，比如购物，而且住在城市里，可以考虑使用Zipcar等短期租车服务，而不是自己买车。此处表示“而不是”，应用固定短语insteadof。故填insteadof。SectionBDirections:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A．targeted

B．limit

C．subject

D．insightful

E.justify

F.projectedG.chiefly

H.accessible

I.admittedly

J.purchase

K.prizedWelivetodayindebtedtoMcCardell,Cashin,andotherwomenwhofreedAmericanfashionfromthe11ofParisiandesign.Thesedesignersestablishedthemoderndresscode,lettingplaysuitsandotheractiveoutfitssuitcasualclothing,allowingpantstoenterthewardrobe,andpromotingrationalismandutility(实用性)indress,incontrasttodressingforanoccasion.FashioninAmericawaslogicaland12onlytothewillofthewomenwhoworeit.Americanfashionaddressedademocracy,whereastraditionalParisbasedfashionwasconventionalandimposedonwomen,willingornot.Inanearliertime,13,AmericanfashionhadfollowedtheleadofParis,orevenpirated(窃用)specificFrenchdesigns.However,designersportswearwasnotmodeledonthatofEurope;itwasgenuinelyinventedanddevelopedinAmerica.Thedesignobjectiveandthebusinessmitmentwere14atsportswear,andthedistinctivetraitswereproblemsolvingingenuity(独创性)andrealisticlifestyleapplications.Easeofcarewasmostimportant:summerdressesandoutfits,inparticular,were15cotton,readilycapableofbeingwashedandpressedathome.Clothesweresimple,practical,and16,asthemodernwomandependedonnopersonalmaidtodressher.Americandesigners17thefreedomofwomenwhoworetheclothing.Manyhavearguedthatthewomendesignersofthattime18theirownclothingvaluesintoanewstyle.Ofcourse,muchofthisargumentinthe1930s40swasadvancedbecausetherewaslittleornoexperienceindesigningclothesonthebasisofutility.Butcouldutilityalone19thenewideasoftheAmericandesigners?Fashionisoftenregardedasapursuitofbeauty,andsomecherishedfashion’srelationshiptothefinearts.WhatthedesignersoftheAmericansportswearprovedwasthatfashionisadesignart,answeringtothedemandingneedsofservice.Ofcoursethesepractical,20designershavedeterminedthecourseoflatetwentiethcenturyfashion.Theywerethepioneersofgenderequity,intheiruseful,adaptableclothing,whichwasbothmadeforthemassesandcapableofselfexpression.【答案】11．B12．C13．I14．A15．G16．H17．K18．F19．E20．D【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章核心为美国女性设计师将时尚从巴黎束缚中解放，以实用为核心引领潮流。free...fromof...当感谢麦卡德尔、卡欣和其他女性，是她们将美国时尚从巴黎设计的限制中解放出来。此处表示美国时尚摆脱了巴黎设计的束缚，free...fromthelimitof...是固定搭配，意为“将……从……的限制中解放”，limit（限制）符合语义。故选B。12．考查形容词。句意：美国时尚是符合逻辑的，且只受穿着它的女性的意愿支配。此处表示美国时尚的主导权在女性自身，besubjectto是固定搭配，意为“受……支配”；subject可作形容词，意为“受……支配的”。故选C。13．考查副词。句意：诚然，在更早的时候，美国时尚曾追随巴黎的潮流，甚至盗用特定的法国设计。此处表让步语气，承认美国时尚过去模仿巴黎的事实。admittedly（诚然）为副词，作插入语修饰整个句子，符合语义。故选I。14．考查动词。句意：设计目标和商业承诺都针对运动装。此处表示设计和商业均聚焦运动装，targeted（针对）符合语义。betargetedat是固定搭配，意为“针对”。故选A。15．考查副词。句意：易于护理是最重要的：尤其是夏装和套装，主要是棉质的，很容易在家里清洗和熨烫。此处表示夏装和套装主要是棉质的，chiefly（主要地）为副词，作状语，符合语义。故选G。16．考查形容词。句意：服装简单、实用且容易穿着，因为现代女性没有私人女仆为其穿衣。此处表示无女仆帮忙时服装需容易穿着，accessible（易使用的）符合语义。此处形容词作表语与“simple,practical”并列。故选H。17．考查动词。句意：美国设计师推崇穿着这些服装的女性的自由。此处表示设计师支持女性穿衣自由，prized（推崇）符合语义。句子缺谓语动词且表过去行为，需用动词过去式，prized为动词过去式。故选K。o...当时的女性设计师将自己的服装价值观投射成一种新风格。此处表示将价值观转化为新风格，projected（投射）符合语义。o...为固定表达，表示“将……投射到……”，句子缺谓语动词且表过去行为，projected为动词过去式。故选F。19．考查动词。句意：但仅凭实用性就能证明美国设计师的新想法是合理的吗？此处表达了“实用性能否支撑新想法”的疑问，justify（证明……合理）符合语义。情态动词could后需接动词原形。故选E。20．考查形容词。句意：当然，这些务实、有洞察力的设计师决定了20世纪后期时尚的走向。此处表示设计师能引领时尚说明其有见地，insightful（有洞察力的）符合语义，作定语修饰designers，与practical并列。故选D。Readingprehension(41–55题，每题1分；56–70题，每题2分；共45分)SectionADirections:eachblankinthefollowingpassagemarkedB,CandD.ineachblankwiththeorphrasethatbestthecontext.Longlongago,colleagueswouldsuggestchangestodocumentsinturn.Theywouldmakementsandaddrevisionstoafileontheirownputer,andthensenditontothenextperson.Itwas21andinconvenient.Theeraoftheshareddochasmadethisprocessmuchmoreuserfriendly.Butlikeallsocialactivities,ithasthegreat22ofexposingyoutootherpeople.Startwiththefactthatyoucanseewhoelseisinthedocument.Asuccessionofinitialsatthetopofthescreenconfirmsthatyouractionsarenowbeingobservedby23people.Oneoftheseinitialsfadesandbrightenseveryfewminutes,asthepersoninquestion24exitsandreentersthedocument.Theyeitherhavenothingtodooraredeeplyanxiousaboutwhatmaybeabouttohappen.Iftheyaretheownerofthedocument,theyareabsolutelyrighttoworry,forpeoplewillbebusyrendering(提供)public25ontheirwork.Acursor(光标)jumpsrapidlyfromparagraphtoparagraph,andthensuddenlystops.Itremains26.Somethingmustbevery,verywrongwithwhattheyarereading.Itmovesmoreslowlyafterthat,itsconfidenceintheauthorvisibly27.Ifenoughpeopleareinvolved,chaosfollows.Someoneaddsaparagraph,causingsomeoneelsetomake28inthewrongplace.Twopeopleareengagedinafurious29battleoverasinglewordintheshareddoc,takingitbyturnstooverwriteeachother.Ifyouaretheownerofthedocument,youdonothavetowatchthisdisasterunfoldinrealtime.Butitwillstillseekyouout.Countlessemailsarrivetotellyouthattherehasbeen“30”inthedocument.Whenyoufinallygobackintothedocument,yousurveythescene.Suggestions31thetext.Awallofmentsrunsdownonesideofthescreen.Somanyofthemhavebeenleftthatsomeareimpossibletoseeatfirst.Youwillstartaccepting,replying,32andresolving.Inashareddoc,ataponakeyboardawakensyourcolleagues.Asyougothroughthedoc,thoseemailsaresilentlyflyingofftotellpeopleyouhavebeenbusy.Initialsstartto33atthetopofthescreen.Silently,theyclusterandwait.Youknowthattheyaregearingupto34again.Therewillbemorechanges,morements,moreactivity.Ashareddocallowsyoutogathermoreopinions,andtobatthingsbackandforth;ideasarelesslikelytobedismissedfornogoodreason.Thereis35inthecrowd.Butthereisanawfullotofnoise,too.21．A．impractical B．inefficient C．inaccessible D．unstable22．A．method B．chance C．drawback D．pressure23．A．multiple B．strange C．idle D．talented24．A．unconsciously B．nervously C．occasionally D．repeatedly25．A．judgement B．appreciation C．praise D．demand26．A．irregular B．insensitive C．immobile D．impersonal27．A．restored B．boosted C．eased D．shaken28．A．connections B．alterations C．claims D．drafts29．A．legal B．virtual C．psychological D．daily30．A．activity B．trouble C．damage D．silence31．A．decorate B．replace C．litter D．spread32．A．rejecting B．plaining C．boasting D．accusing33．A．fade B．stick C．lie D．reappear34．A．sacrifice B．strike C．emerge D．retreat35．A．limitation B．chaos C．wisdom D．disagreement【答案】21．B22．C23．A24．D25．A26．C27．D28．B29．B30．A31．C32．A33．D34．B35．C【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章指出传统的文档修改方式低效且不透明，通过描述共享文档编辑时的具体过程，说明共享文档虽便于协作，但会暴露编辑过程、引发焦虑，并可能导致混乱，这能集思广益，但也伴随干扰。21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这既低效又不方便。A.impractical不切实际的；B.inefficient低效的；C.inaccessible难以到达的；D.unstable不稳定的。根据上文“Theywouldmakementsandaddrevisionstoafileontheirownputer,andthensenditontothenextperson.”可知，传统的文档修改方式是同事们在自己的电脑上对文件进行评论和修改，然后将其发送给下一个人，这种方式效率低下。故选B。22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但就像所有的社交活动一样，它有一个很大的缺点，就是让你暴露在其他人面前。A.method方法；B.chance机会；C.drawback缺点；D.pressure压力。根据下文“exposingyoutootherpeople”可知，让一个人暴露在其他人面前是共享文档很大的缺点。故选C。23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：屏幕上方连续出现的首字母确认你的动作现在被多人观察到。A.multiple多个的；B.strange奇怪的；C.idle无事可做的；D.talented有才华的。根据上文“Asuccessionofinitialsatthetopofthescreen”可知，屏幕上方连续出现的首字母代表多人进入了共享文档，个人的动作现在可以被多人观察到。故选A。24．考查副词词义辨析。句意：这些首字母中的一个每隔几分钟就会变暗变亮，因为这个人反复地退出和重新进入文档。A.unconsciously无意识地；B.nervously紧张地；C.occasionally偶尔；D.repeatedly重复地。根据上文“Oneoftheseinitialsfadesandbrightenseveryfewminutes”可知，这些首字母中的一个每隔几分钟就会变暗变亮，说明这个用户反复地退出和重新进入文档。故选D。25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果他们是文档的所有者，他们的担心是完全正确的，因为人们将忙于对他们的工作进行公众评判。A.judgement判断；B.appreciation欣赏；C.praise赞扬；D.demand要求。根据上文“Theywouldmakementsandaddrevisionstoafileontheirownputer”可知，同事之间编辑文档主要是进行评论和修改，他人编辑共享文档意味着对文档所有者的工作进行公众评判。故选A。26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它保持不动。A.irregular不规则的；B.insensitive不敏感的；C.immobile不动的；D.impersonal非个人的。根据上文“thensuddenlystops”可知，光标突然停止后，就保持不动了。故选C。27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那之后，它的移动更慢了，对作者的信心明显动摇了。A.restored恢复；B.boosted提升；C.eased缓解；D.shaken动摇。根据上文“Somethingmustbevery,verywrongwithwhattheyarereading.Itmovesmoreslowlyafterthat”可知，其他用户的光标不动通常会被视作文档中有非常错误的地方，光标移动更慢则意味着还有更多的错误，因此会动摇对文档作者的信心。故选D。28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：有人加了一段，导致别人在错误的地方做了改动。A.connections联系；B.alterations变动；C.claims声称；D.drafts草稿。根据上文“Theywouldmakementsandaddrevisionstoafileontheirownputer”可知，同事之间编辑文档主要是进行评论和修改，因此一人加了一段有可能导致别人在错误的地方做改动。故选B。29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：两个人正在为共享文档中的一个单词进行激烈的虚拟战斗，轮流改写对方（的内容）。A.legal法律的；B.virtual虚拟的；C.psychological心理的；D.daily日常的。根据下文“intheshareddoc”可知，共享文档是线上活动，两人是进行激烈的虚拟战斗。故选B。30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：无数的电子邮件告诉你文档中有“活动”。A.activity活动；B.trouble麻烦；C.damage损害；D.silence沉默。根据上文“Ifyouaretheownerofthedocument,youdonothavetowatchthisdisasterunfoldinrealtime.”可知，电子邮件会被发送给共享文档作者，告知文档中有各种被编辑修改的“活动”。故选A。31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：文章中到处都是建议。A.decorate装饰；B.replace替换；C.litter使饱含；D.spread传播。根据下文“Awallofmentsrunsdownonesideofthescreen.Somanyofthemhavebeenleftthatsomeareimpossibletoseeatfirst.”可知，文章中有堵评论墙，建议多到有些甚至看不见的地步，因此是指文章中饱含着建议，即到处都是建议。故选C。32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：你会开始接受、回答、拒绝和解决问题。A.rejecting拒绝；B.plaining抱怨；C.boasting吹嘘；D.accusing指责。根据上文“Youwillstartaccepting,replying”和下文“andresolving”可知，文档作者在忙着处理同事们给出的修改和评论，可能会拒绝其中一些问题。故选A。33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：首字母开始重新出现在屏幕的顶部。A.fade褪色；B.stick黏贴；C.lie躺；D.reappear再出现。根据下文“Silently,theyclusterandwait.”可知，随着文档的作者开始工作，首字母重新出现在屏幕的顶部，好似聚集在一起等待。故选D。34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：你知道它们正准备再次发动袭击。A.sacrifice牺牲；B.strike袭击；C.emerge出现；D.retreat撤退。根据下文“Therewillbemorechanges,morements,moreactivity.”可知，接下来文档中会有更多的变化，更多的评论，更多的活动，这意味着这些首字母背后的同事正准备再次发动袭击，这里用幽默的手法表现共享文档作者的焦虑不安。故选B。35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在人群中有智慧。A.limitation限制；B.chaos混乱；C.wisdom智慧；D.disagreement分歧。根据下文“Butthereisanawfullotofnoise,too.”可知，后面有转折，指出多人在共享文档中操作会出现很多噪音，即很多干扰的想法，前面是肯定这也有其优点，指人群中有智慧，能贡献真正有益的想法。故选C。SectionB Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)Theterm“voluntourism”oftenevokesimagesofearnestWesternyouthsbuildingschoolsinsundrenched,impoverishedvillages.Iwasonceoneofthem,mymotivationanambiguousblendofaltruismandathirstforan“authentic”experiencethattranscendedthetypicaltouristitinerary.MydestinationwasasmallcoastalmunityinSoutheastAsia,whereIhadpaidasubstantialfeetoassistinaseaturtleconservationprojectforfourweeks.Uponarrival,acreepingdisillusionmentbegantosetin.Theprojectwaslessabouthandsonconservationandmoreawellorchestratedsimulationforvolunteers.Ourdaysconsistedofbeinghandedrakesatdawntometiculouslylevelthebeach,ataskweweretoldwascrucialforidentifyingnewturtletracks.Yet,weoftensawthesametrackswehadcarefullysmoothedoverthedaybefore,untouched.Ourtasksweremonotonousandofquestionableutility:rakingthesamepatchofsandrepeatedlytomakeitappearperfectlytidyforthenestingturtles—apracticethelocalstaffadmittedwaslargelyperformative.Once,theexcitementwaspalpablewhenanestwasidentified;wegatheredaround,hopingtocarefullyrelocatetheeggstothesafer,shadedhatchery.Butwewereonlypermittedtowatchfromadistance.Thedelicateworkofmonitoringnestsandhandlinghatchlingswasreservedsolelyforthefulltime,localbiologists.Weweremerebystanders,ourpresencejustifiedmorebyourfinancialcontributionthananytangiblelabor.Themostprofoundunease,however,stemmedfromaconversationwithasoftspokenlocalbiologist,Mr.Tan.Oversweetenedtea,heconfessed,withatoneofdiplomaticresignation,thattheconstantrotationofunskilledvolunteerswasoftenmoredisruptivethanbeneficial.“Thefundsarevital,”heacknowledged,“Ioncespentawholemorningsupervisingagroupwhowere‘buildingaprotectivefence.’Itcollapsedinthefirsthightide.MyteamandIhadtorebuilditproperlythatnight.Theexpectationisthatwemustalwayshave‘work’foryoutodo,evenifwehavetoinventit.Itsometimesdistractsfromourrealresearch.”Hiswordslaidbaretheunfortableeconomicsofourendeavor:wewerenotsaviorsbutpayingcustomers,purchasingtheillusionofpurposeandaportfolioofphotographsthatscreamedbenevolentworldliness.Thistransactionalnatureoftherelationshipmademequestiontheveryfoundationofmypresencethere,reducingaplexecologicalandsocialcontexttoabackdropformyownmoralandexistentialtheater.Ileftwithnoillusionsofhaving“savedtheturtles.”Instead,Icarriedtheweightofaplicatedlesson:thatthedesiretodogoodisnotsynonymouswithactuallydoinggood,andthatthemostethicalformofaidmightsometimesbethesimplest—financialsupport,channeleddirectlytothosewhoknowbesthowtouseit,unburdenedbytheneedtohostandentertainarotatingcastofwellmeaningamateurs.TheromanticizednarrativeoftheWesternsavior,Irealized,isadifficultonetodismantle,asitissodeeplyembeddedinourcollectiveconsciousnessandsoflatteringtoourownselfperception.36．Theauthor’soriginalintentioninjoiningtheprogramwasrootedin________.A．anurgetoescaperoutineandpursueadventureB．amixofselflessimpulseandaquestfornoveltyC．externalfinancialincentivesandsocialobligationD．ablendofprofessionalambitionandacademiccuriosity37．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“awellorchestratedsimulation”（para.2）implyaboutthevolunteerproject?A．Itwasartificiallyconstructedforthebenefitofthevolunteers.B．Itwasstructuredtobebothhighlyeducationalandrichinskills.C．Itwasamercialenterpriseexploitingvolunteersfinancially.D．Itwascarefullyplannedtoprovideasafeandrewardingexperience.38．AccordingtoMr.Tan,whatwasthemaindownsideoftheconstantflowofvolunteers?A．Itgraduallydrainedtheproject’slimitedfinancialreserves.B．Itgeneratedculturalmisunderstandingswiththelocalmunity.C．Itconsumedtimeandmanpowertocreateandsuperviseunnecessarytasks.D．Itintroducedpersistentmunicationchallengesthathinderedrealresearch.39．Theauthor’sultimaterealizationcanbesummarizedasanunderstandingthat________.A．personalgrowthisanunintendedyetvaluablebyproductoffailedendeavorsB．critiquingtheflawsofinternationalaidisanecessarysteptowardsitsreformC．effectivehelpmustprioritizelocalexpertiseandminimizedisruptiveinterferenceD．wellintentionedhumaninterventionmayaccidentallyaccelerateecologicaldecline【答案】36．B37．A38．C39．C【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者参与“公益旅游”的经历，揭露其形式化本质，并领悟到有效的援助必须优先考量本地专业能力，并最大限度减少具有破坏性的干扰。36．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Iwasonceoneofthem,mymotivationanambiguousblendofaltruismandathirstforan“authentic”experiencethattranscendedthetypicaltouristitinerary.(我曾也是其中一员，动机模糊地交织着利他之心与对“真实”体验的渴求——这种体验，早已超越了常规旅游行程的范畴。)”可知，作者参与该项目的初衷是无私的冲动（利他主义）与对新奇体验（超越常规的真实经历）的追求。故选B项。37．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Ourtasksweremonotonousandofquestionableutility:rakingthesamepatchofsandrepeatedlytomakeitappearperfectlytidyforthenestingturtles—apracticethelocalstaffadmittedwaslargelyperformative.(我们的任务单调且效用存疑：反复耙同一片沙滩，使其看起来对筑巢的海龟完美整洁——当地工作人员承认，这种做法在很大程度上是象征性的。)”及“Weweremerebystanders,ourpresencejustifiedmorebyourfinancialcontributionthananytangiblelabor.(我们只是旁观者，我们的存在更多是因为经济贡献而非实际劳动。)”可知，“awellorchestratedsimulation”（一场精心策划的“模拟体验”）表明该项目的任务多为形式化、无实际保育作用的安排，本质是为满足志愿者“参与公益”的心理而人为设计的。故选A项。38．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“theconstantrotationofunskilledvolunteerswasoftenmoredisruptivethanbeneficial.“Thefundsarevital,”heacknowledged,“Ioncespentawholemorningsupervisingagroupwhowere‘buildingaprotectivefence.’Itcollapsedinthefirsthightide.MyteamandIhadtorebuilditproperlythatnight.Theexpectationisthatwemustalwayshave‘work’foryoutodo,evenifwehavetoinventit.Itsometimesdistractsfromourrealresearch.”(没有专业技能的志愿者频繁轮换，往往弊大于利。“资金固然至关重要，”他坦言，“但有一次，我花了整整一个上午监督一群‘建造防护栏’的志愿者。结果那护栏在第一次涨潮时就塌了，我和团队当晚不得不重新进行妥善修建。大家默认我们必须一直为你们安排“工作”，哪怕这些工作是凭空编造的。这有时会分散我们真正的研究精力。”)”可知，Mr.Tan认为志愿者的主要弊端是：需要花费时间和人力设计并监督不必要的任务，且干扰了真正的研究工作。故选C项。39．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Instead,Icarriedtheweightofaplicatedlesson:thatthedesiretodogoodisnotsynonymouswithactuallydoinggood,andthatthemostethicalformofaidmightsometimesbethesimplest—financialsupport,channeleddirectlytothosewhoknowbesthowtouseit,unburdenedbytheneedtohostandentertainarotatingcastofwellmeaningamateurs.(相反，我背负着一个深刻而复杂的教训：心怀善念并不等同于真正行善，而最符合伦理的援助形式有时或许最为简单——那便是直接将资金支持提供给最懂如何运用它的人，无需承担招待一批又一批善意业余爱好者的负担)”可知，作者最终意识到：有效的援助必须优先考量本地专业能力，并最大限度减少具有破坏性的干扰。故选C项。(B)Humansarebornexplorersandadventurers.Wehavethis“desire”toexplorenewplacesandtogobeyond.Wehavealreadyclimbedthehighestmountain,exploredthevastnessoftheAntarcticaandtheemptinessofSahara.Wehavealsoreachedouterspace,steppedonthesurfaceofourneighbour,themoon,andonedaymightevenexplorethevastnessofouruniverse.Thereseemstobenoendtohumanity’sappetiteforexploringoursurroundingsandtheunknown.However,therearestillsomeplacesonEarththathavenotyetbeenreachedorfullyexplored.Andtheseplacesaresomeofthemostisolatedandmysteriousplacesonthisplanet.MarianaTrench,PacificOceanLocatedinthewesternpartofthePacificOcean,theMarianaTrenchisthedeepestpartoftheworld’soceans.Thetrenchmeasuresaround2,550kmlongand70kmwideonaverage,andreachesadepthofover10,994metresatonesmallpartknownastheChallengerDeep.TheMarianaTrenchisconsideredoneoftheleastexploredpartsoftheworldduetoitsextremedepth.Atthisdepth,thewaterpressurecanbeverydangerous.Still,lifecanbefoundinthispartoftheocean.Previousexpeditionstothetrenchhaverevealedanumberoforganismsandseacreatures,livinginthedeepsea.ValedoJavari,BrazilWithanareaofabout85,444.82km²,ValedoJavariisoneofthelargestindigenousterritoriesinBrazil.TherainforestwasnamedafterthevastJavariRiver,whichisthemostimportantriversystemintheregion.ItisoneofthemostisolatedplacesonEarthandalsooneofthehardestplacestoreach.Theisolationofthisremoteplaceislargelyduetothethickforestandextremegeographiclocation.Inspiteofitsisolation,thetropicalrainforestishometoagreatnumberofindigenouspeopleorIndiantribes.Thosetribes,believedtobeasmanyas200to3,300people,werefirstdiscoveredthroughsatelliteimagesofthevastrainforest.EnteringtheregionisprohibitedbyBrazilianlawandtheValedoJavariisespeciallywellprotectedfromoutsidersandexplorersbyalocalorganisationdedicatedtomaintainingitsrichbiodiversityandprotectingtheforestfromexploitation.TsingydeBemarahaLocatednearthewesterncoastofMadagascar,theTsingydeBemarahahasbeenonthelistofUNESCOWorldHeritageSitesince1990toprotectitsuniquegeographyandpreservethemangroveforests.Theplaceisalsohometohugenumbersofanimalsandevennewspecies.Someofthebiggestattractionsinthisprotectedreservearetheincrediblyneedleshapedlimestoneformations.However,thoseformationsposegreatdangerstoexplorers.Infact,theword“Tsingy”isderivedfromalocalword,whichmeans“theplacewhereonecannotwalkbarefoot.”Thelimestoneformationsareterriblysharpandcaneasilycutthroughfleshwithdeadlyeffect,whichmakesexploringthemextremelydifficultanddangerous.Accesstothisnaturereserveislimited,althoughtouristscanreachtheareaeitherbyroadorplane.40．WhyistheMarianaTrenchconsideredoneoftheleastexploredplacesonEarth?A．Itislocatedtoofarfromanycontinent.B．Itswidthmakesitimpossibletomapaccurately.C．Itlacksanysignsoflifeorscientificvalue.D．Itsextremedepthleadstodangerouswaterpressure.41．BasedonthedescriptionofValedoJavari,whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredaboutitsindigenoustribes?A．Theyactivelyengagewithmodernsocietythroughtrade.B．Theirexistencewasconfirmedthroughtechnologicalmeans.C．TheyrelyontheJavariRiverfortransportationtocities.D．TheirpopulationispreciselydocumentedbyBrazilianauthorities.42．WhatcanbeconcludedabouttheTsingydeBemarahafromthelocalmeaningof“Tsingy”?A．Itisapopulartouristdestinationforhikingenthusiasts.B．Theareaisprimarilycoveredbymangroveforests.C．Itslimestoneformationsareexceptionallysharpandhazardous.D．Visitorsmustremovetheirshoestoenterthereserve.【答案】40．D41．B42．C【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了马里亚纳海沟、雅瓦里谷和贝马拉哈地质公园三个地球上未被完全探索的偏远神秘之地。40．细节理解题。根据MarianaTrench,PacificOcean部分中的“TheMarianaTrenchisconsideredoneoftheleastexploredpartsoftheworldduetoitsextremedepth.Atthisdepth,thewaterpressurecanbeverydangerous.(由于其极深的深度，马里亚纳海沟被认为是世界上探索最少的地区之一。在这个深度，水压可能非常危险)”可知，马里亚纳海沟被认为是地球上探索最少的地方之一，是因为它极深的深度导致了危险的水压。故选D项。41．推理判断题。根据ValedoJavari,Brazil部分中的“Thosetribes,believedtobeasmanyas200to3,300people,werefirstdiscoveredthroughsatelliteimagesofthevastrainforest.(这些部落的人口估计在200到3300人之间，最初是通过这片广阔雨林的卫星图像被发现的)”可知，雅瓦里谷的土著部落的存在是通过卫星图像这一技术手段被证实的。故选B项。42．推理判断题。根据TsingydeBemaraha部分中的“Infact,theword“Tsingy”isderivedfromalocalword,whichmeans“theplacewhereonecannotwalkbarefoot.”Thelimestoneformationsareterriblysharpandcaneasilycutthroughfleshwithdeadlyeffect.(事实上，“青吉”一词来源于当地的一个词汇，意思是“不能光脚行走的地方”。这些石灰岩构造极其锋利，很容易割破皮肤，造成致命伤害)”可知，从Tsingy的当地含义可推断出，贝马拉哈地质公园的石灰岩构造异常锋利且具有危险性。故选C项。(C)Soonaftersunset,astrangeclickingfillstheairatHanningfieldReservoirinEssex.Somenoisesefrombatdetecto