浙江省浙里特色联盟2025-2026学年高二上学期11月期中英语试题

2025学年第一学期浙里特色联盟期中联考高二年级英语学科试题考生须知：1．本卷共9页满分150分，考试时间120分钟。2．答题前，在答题卷指定区域填写班级、姓名、考场号、座位号及准考证号并填涂相应数字。3．所有答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试卷上无效。4．考试结束后，只需上交答题纸。选择题部分第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhatwillArielprobablydonext?A.Makeasandwich.B.Drivethemantoasportscenter.C.Leaveforherfootballpractice.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Youhavefootballpracticelater.Itwillbetiring,sofinishthesandwich,Ariel.W:I’mnotveryhungrynow.I’lltakethesandwichwithmeandhaveitafterthepractice.M:OK.Let’sgettothecar.I’lldriveyoutothesportscenter.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whowillhelpthemanfeedthecatsnextweek?A.Thewoman. B.Amachine. C.Hissister.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Needmetotakecareofyourcatswhileyou’reawaynextweek?M:No,it’sOK.Thanks.Ifinallyfollowedmysister’sadviceandboughtthemasmartfeedingmachine.Weuseditwhenwewereatourbeachhouselastweekend,anditworkedreallywell.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhatisMaryworriedabout?A.Thewritingpart. B.Thespeakingpart. C.Thereadingpart.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Mary,youmustbeconfidentaboutourEnglishtest,aren’tyou?Afterall,youstayedinAmericaforfiveyears.W:Onlyinspeakingandreading.I’msonervousaboutmywritingpart,becauseI’msobadatspelling.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatisthewomandoing?A.Lookingforajob. B.Readingabook. C.WatchingTV.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:What’sitthatyou’rereading?CareerSmart?DoesithaveanythingtodowiththeTVshow?W:Yeah,itwaswrittenbythehostoftheshow.Iattendedatalkshegavelastyearandboughtasignedcopy.It’sgivenmesomereallyusefulcareertips.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Theirfavoritesubjects.B.Animportantmathexam.C.Theirgoalsforthenewterm.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Whatisyourgoalforthissemester?W:Iwouldreallyliketoimprovemymathskills.Whataboutyou?M:Metoo.Youknow,Ididn’tevenpassthefinalmathexamlastsemester.So,mygoalistoimprovemyscorethisyear.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.WhathasEllabeendoingrecently?A.Takingavacation. B.Preparingforgraduation. C.Trainingforapetition.7.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Findanewjob.B.Learnmoreaboutnewthings.C.Playvideogamesprofessionally.【答案】6.C7.B【解析】【原文】W:Ihaven’tseenyourfriendEllainawhile,dear.Issheonholiday?M:No.She’sintrainingfortheGamingOlympics.W:What?Ididn’tevenknowshewasanathlete!M:No,theGamingOlympicsisaninternationalesportsevent.W:Whatonearthare“esports”?anizedorts!They’reanizedvideogamepetitions.W:Oh,Isee.M:Ellaisamazing.Shewantstodoitprofessionallywhenshegraduates.W:Canyouplayvideogamesasajob?M:Ifyou’regoodenough,youcan.Youreallyneedtokeepupwiththetimes,Mom!听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Attheman’shome. B.Atacollege. C.Inanofficebuilding.9.Whatdidthewomandorightaftergraduatingfromhighschool?A.Shetraveledtosomeplaces.B.Shestartedherownbusiness.C.Sheenteredauniversity.10.Whichfieldisthewomaninterestedin?A.puterscience. B.Electricalengineering. C.Businessmanagement.【答案】8.C9.A10.A【解析】【原文】M:Dositdown.W:Thanks.Whatalovelyoffice!M:Icertainlylikeit.So,let’sstartwithyoureducationalbackground.YoustudiedatStanfordUniversity,isthatright?W:Correct.M:Andwasitathreeyearprogram?W:Four.ButItookacoupleofyearsouttogotravelingafterhighschool,soIdidn’tstartuniversityuntilIwas20．M:OK.Andyoudidtwoyearsofgeneralstudy,followedbytwoyearsofelectricalengineering,right?W:Itwasputerengineering,actually.Buttheprogramwaspartoftheelectricalengineeringschool.M:Right,Isee.W:Foratime,IthoughtIwantedtostudybusinessmanagement,butthenIdiscoveredarealloveforprogramming.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Motherandson. B.Teacherandstudent. C.Friends.12.Whyisthewomanangrywiththeman?A.Hemadeamessinhercar.B.Hedroppedlitterintothetrees.C.Heperformedterriblyintoday’sclass.13.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheman’sexplanation?A.Irresponsible. B.Surprising. C.Reasonable.【答案】11.A12.B13.C【解析】【原文】M:Thanksforpickingmeup,Mom.Iwouldn’thavetowaitforthebusinthisrainW:It’sOK.Butwhatdidyoujustthrowaway?M:Whatdoyoumean?W:Asyouandyourfriendswerewalkingtowardsthecar,Isawyouthrowingsomethingintothetrees.M:Oh,yes.ItwasjustanappleIhadfinishedeating.W:Well,whydidn’tyouputitinarubbishbin?Youknownottodroplitter.I’mnothappywiththat.M:Idon’t,usually,butwelearnedthatit’sOKtodothatwithfruitintoday’sclass.W:Really?M:Honestly.Ofcourse,youshouldn’tdropitonthestreet.That’smessyandirresponsible.Butinthewoods,itcanactuallybehelpfultonature.W:Howexactly?M:Itprovidesfoodforsmallanimals.Andasthefruitbreaksdown,itcanalsobenefittheplants.W:Hmm…Thatmakessense,actually.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14.Howmuchshouldthemanpayforacourse?A.$30. B.$60. C.$90.15.Howdidthemanhearaboutthewoman’sservice?A.Hissisterremendedit.B.HefounditontheInternet.C.It’shiswife’sprogram.16.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodofirst?A.Sharehismedicalhistory.B.Stopdrinkingalcohol.C.Quitsmoking.17.Whathealthissuesdoesthemanhave?A.Heartissues. B.Sleepproblems. C.Stomachaches.【答案】14.C15.B16.A17.B【解析】【原文】W:Please,eintomyoffice.Haveyoulookedattheinformationandpricing?M:Thanks.Yes.ShallIpaymyfirstvisitnow?W:Yes.It’s$30foreachvisit.Butmycustomersusuallypaythreevisitsforacourse.M:OK,I’lldothattoo.W:Now,I’llintroducemyhealthprogram.Didyoufindmyserviceonline?M:Yes,Idid.W:Great.So,Ibelieveeveryone’shealthisdifferent.Somethingslikelimitingsugar,alcohol,andsmokingwouldhelpeveryone,butmyadviceiscustommade(订制的)foreverypatient.M:Forexample,ifIhadspecifichealthissues?W:Sure.Somepatientsneedtoimprovetheirstomach,brain,orhearthealth.Thus,everyoneneedsadifferentplan.Butweallcouldbenefitfrommedicaladvice.M:Mywifeandmysisterhavestomachissues—theseareverydifficult.W:Howaboutyou,James?Yourfirststepissharingyourmedicalhistory.M:Well,I’vehadissueswithmysleepandenergy.Idon’tsmokeordrink.Butstill,Ifaceproblems.W:Thisismon,James.I’llhelpyoufindabalance.Manypeoplehavetroublesleepingormaintainingagoodmood.听下面的短文，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】18.Howlongisthelibraryopenonweekends?A.Foreighthours. B.Forsixhours. C.Fortwohours.19.Whatcanstudentslearnfromthebrochure?A.Wherethemeetingsareheld.B.Whenthelibraryisopen.C.Howtoborrowbooks.20.Whatistherequirementofthejob?A.Workingforatleastoneterm.B.Havingworkexperience.C.Beinggoodatputers.【答案】18.B19.C20.A【解析】【原文】a.m.p.m.a.m.p.m.,weleback!Thestaffattheschoollibraryispleasedtoweleyoubackforthenewschoolterm.Asalways,weareopenMondaythroughFridayfrom8:00a.m.to9:00p.m.,andonweekendsfrom8:00a.m.to2:00p.m.Ifyouareanewstudent,youmaywanttoattendsomemeetingsthatwillhelpyougettoknowmoreaboutthelibrary.ThesemeetingsareheldeverySaturdaymornings.Also,youcanpickupabrochureatthefrontdesk,andyouwillknowhowtocheckoutbooksbylookingthroughit.Manyofyouhaveusedourreservationsystemtoborrowbooksforyourclasses.Butinthisterm,youwillalsobeabletocheckoutelectroniccopiesofthesebooks.Nomorewaitinginlineforprintedbooks.Doyoulovespendingtimeinthelibrary,evenwhenyoudon’thaveanythingdueforyourclasses?Well,we’rehiring.Ifyoulovethisrelaxedworkenvironment,pleasedownloadandfilltheapplicationformonourofficialwebsite.Noworkexperienceisneeded,butonceyouareaccepted,youshouldworkatleastuntiltheendoftheterm.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AForits2024GlobalAIStudentSurvey,theDigitalEducationGroupgathered3,839responsesfromundergraduate,graduate,PhDstudentsacross16countries.Thestudentsrepresentedmanyfieldsofstudy.Onaveragesurveyedstudentsuse2.1AItoolsfortheircourses.ChatGPTremainsthemostmontoolused,mentionedby66%ofrespondents,followedbyGrammarlyandMicrosoftCopilot(each25%).Herearemostmonusecases:DespitetheirwideuseofAItools,studentswerenotconfidentabouttheirAIknowledge,thesurveyfound.FiftyeightpercentofstudentsreportedfeelingthattheydonothaveenoughAIknowledgeandskills,and48%feltpoorlypreparedforAIrelatedwork.Notably,80%ofsurveyedstudentssaidtheiruniversity’sadoptionofAItoolsdoesnotfullymeettheirneeds.Students’topAIneedsincluded:●UniversitiesshouldprovidetrainingforbothteachersandstudentsontheeffectiveuseofAItools(saidby73%ofteachersand72%ofstudents);●UniversitiesshouldoffermorecoursesonAIknowledge(72%);●UniversitiesshouldincludestudentsinchoosingwhichAItoolstouse(71%);●UniversitiesshouldincreasetheuseofAIinteachingandlearning(59%).“WithAIbeingusedmorewidely,universitiesmustnowtreatitasabasicpartofeducation,notjustatool,”saidAlessandroDiLullo,headoftheDigitalEducationGroupandanAIexpertatTheUniversityofHongKong.Atthesametime,hesaid,“universitiesneedtoconsiderhowtoeffectivelyimproveAIskillstoequipbothstudentsandacademicswiththeskillstosucceedinanAIdrivenworld.”21.WhatisthemostmonuseofAIamongstudents?A.Searchforinformation. B.Checkgrammar.C.Summarizedocuments. D.Createafirstdraft.22.WhatworriesmoststudentswhenusingAItools?A.TheydonotuseAItoolsenough. B.TheyarenotreadyforjobsthatneedAIskills.C.TheydonotknowenoughaboutAI. D.UniversitiesdonotuseAIeffectivelyinteaching.23.WhatdoesAlessandroDiLulloemphasizeregardingAIineducation?A.ReducingAIadoptioninacademicsettings.B.ImprovingAIskillsforstudentsandteachers.C.FocusingonAIasanadditionaltoolforteaching.D.BalancingAIusewithtraditionaleducationaltools.【答案】21.A22.D23.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍2024年全球AI学生调查结果，显示学生平均使用2.1款AI工具（ChatGPT最常用），但普遍缺乏AI知识与技能，呼吁大学提供相关培训、课程等以满足需求。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据表格中“Searchforinformation(搜索信息)”最高为69%，可知，学生中使用人工智能最常见的用途是查找信息。故选A。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“FiftyeightpercentofstudentsreportedfeelingthattheydonothaveenoughAIknowledgeandskills,and48%feltpoorlypreparedforAIrelatedwork.(58%的学生表示他们觉得自己在人工智能方面的知识和技能不足，而48%的学生则认为自己在与人工智能相关的工作方面准备不足)”可知，学生们在使用人工智能工具时最担心的是大学在教学中并未有效地运用人工智能。故选D。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Atthesametime,hesaid,“universitiesneedtoconsiderhowtoeffectivelyimproveAIskillstoequipbothstudentsandacademicswiththeskillstosucceedinanAIdrivenworld.”(同时，他说道：“大学需要思考如何有效地提升学生的AI技能，以便让师生们具备在人工智能驱动的世界中取得成功的必备技能。”)”可知，亚历山德罗·迪卢洛在谈到教育中的人工智能时强调了提升学生和教师的AI技能。故选B。BWhilemany22yearoldsaregraduatingfromcollegeanddecidingwhat’snextforthem,RobertLennoxHvenekildehasmadewhathecalls“thebiggestdecisionofmylifesofar”withanunusualbuy—7.5acresoflandinaColombianjungle.TheCopenhagen,Denmark,nativemadethebigdecisiontoinvestabout$40,000inthreehectaresofjungleland,withadreamtobuildaselfsufficientandenvironmentallyfriendlyhome.“IwasactuallytravelingherewhenIwas19,”LennoxHvenekildetoldNewsweek.“Ihadjustturned19andwastravelingwithafriend.Werealizedthattherewerealotofpeoplelivingintheseareasoftheworldwhoweremaybenotrichinaneconomicsense,buttheyjustseemedextremelyfreeandtohaveanextremelyhighqualityoflife.”Inspiredbythiswayofliving,LennoxHvenekildespentyearsworkingfulltimejobsinDenmark,determinedtosaveenoughmoneytoturnhisdreamintoreality.Aftermonthsofsearching,hefoundtheperfectpieceoflandandboughtitwithhelpfromlocalconnections.Thelandhasanaturalstream,providingfreshdrinkingwateryearround.Italsofeedshiscropsduringdryseasons,anecessityforhisfruitfarm.Heiscurrentlylivinginanearbyvillagewhileheworksonconstructingasmallhouseonhisland.Beyondfarmingandcreatingaselfsufficienthome,LennoxHvenekildealsohopestobeabletogivebacktopartsofthelandandattemptrebuildinghabitatsforthenativemonkeyspecies.AshebuildshisnewlifeintheColombianjungle,LennoxHvenekilderemainsoptimisticaboutthefuture.“Ihavesomanyplansanddreamsandideas—it’skindofhardtojustputitintowordsrightnow,especiallysinceit’sallsonewforme.But,rightnow,theplanissimple:plantabunchoffruittrees,buildthehouse,andtakeitonestepatatime.”24.WhydidRobertdecidetoliveinaColombianjungle?A.Becauseheispoorinaneconomicsense.B.Becausehisfriendstartedabusinessthere.C.Becauseheadmiresafreeandhighqualitylife.D.Becausehewantedtobeerichbysellingfruit.25.HowdidRobertmakehisdreametrue?A.Hesearchedforalandforyears. B.HeworkedforyearsinDenmark.C.Hislocalconnectionsboughttheland. D.Hisparentssavedenoughmoneyforhim.26.WhatisRobert’splanaccordingtoparagraph4?A.Toopenanaturefriendlyplaceforvisitors.B.Toinvitescientiststostudythenativemonkeys.C.Tobuildashelterandhelplocalwildlife.D.Tosellfreshwaterfromthestreamtotowns.27.WhatisRobert’sattitudetowardhisnewlifeinthejungle?A.Excited. B.Worried. C.Stubborn. D.Uncaring.【答案】24.C25.B26.C27.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述22岁的丹麦人RobertLennoxHvenekilde受哥伦比亚丛林自由高质生活启发，在丹麦工作多年攒钱后，花费4万美元买下当地7.5英亩土地，计划建造环保自给住宅、经营果园并助力野生动物保护，对未来充满期待。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Werealizedthattherewerealotofpeoplelivingintheseareasoftheworldwhoweremaybenotrichinaneconomicsense,buttheyjustseemedextremelyfreeandtohaveanextremelyhighqualityoflife.(我们意识到，在世界上的这些地区，有很多人虽然在经济上并不富裕，但他们却似乎非常自由，而且生活质量极高)”可知，RobertLennoxHvenekilde决定在哥伦比亚的丛林中生活是因为他向往自由且高品质的生活。故选C。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Inspiredbythiswayofliving,LennoxHvenekildespentyearsworkingfulltimejobsinDenmark,determinedtosaveenoughmoneytoturnhisdreamintoreality.(受到这种生活方式的启发，RobertLennoxHvenekilde决定在丹麦从事全职工作，以攒够资金来实现自己的梦想)”可知，RobertLennoxHvenekilde在丹麦工作多年积累资金，以实现自己的梦想。故选B。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Beyondfarmingandcreatingaselfsufficienthome,LennoxHvenekildealsohopestobeabletogivebacktopartsofthelandandattemptrebuildinghabitatsforthenativemonkeyspecies.(除了务农和建造一个自给自足的家之外，RobertLennoxHvenekilde还希望能够回馈这片土地，并尝试为当地的猴类物种重建栖息地)”可知，RobertLennoxHvenekilde的计划是建造一个庇护所并帮助当地的野生动物。故选C。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Ihavesomanyplansanddreamsandideas—it’skindofhardtojustputitintowordsrightnow,especiallysinceit’sallsonewforme.But,rightnow,theplanissimple:plantabunchoffruittrees,buildthehouse,andtakeitonestepatatime.(我有着众多的计划、梦想和想法——此刻实在难以用言语将其一一表述出来，尤其是因为这一切对我来说都是全新的经历。但此刻，我的计划很简单：种下一批果树，建造房屋，然后一步一步地向前推进)”可知，RobertLennoxHvenekilde对他在丛林中的新生活持兴奋态度。故选A。CAfewweeksago,apopulartweetperfectlydescribedaphenomenonfamiliartomanyofus.Thepost—aresponsetosomeone’squestion“Whatdoyouhatemostaboutyourself?”—readsimply:“IcanbereallymeanwhenI’moverstimulated.”Judgingbytheretweets,itseems55,000peoplecouldrelate.Ifyou’veeveryelledatyourparentafterabadday,youmayunderstandthemeaningbehindthetweet.We’renotexactlyatourbestinmomentslikethese,butthey’repartofthehumanresponsetobeingoverstimulated.“Ourbrainreceivesinformationfromoursenses—sight,touch,smell,soundandtaste—sothishelpsusunderstandourenvironment,”saidManahilRiaz,amentalhealthexpertinTexas.“Tobeoverstimulatedmeansthatoursenseshavereceivedalotofinformation,andnowwearefeelingstressedaswe’rereceivingthisinformation.”“Whenyou’reoverstimulated,yourprefrontalcortex(前额叶皮质)goesoffline,”saidEmmaShandyAnway,anexpertinCalifornia.“Thispartofyourbrainhelpsyouthinkclearlywhenmakingdecisions,”shenoted.“Whenwe’restressedout,theprefrontalcortexgoesfromcarefulandclearthinkingtoquickacting,”Anwaysaid.“Intheseconditions,yourbrain’snotthinkingaboutmaintainingrelationshipsoreffectivelysolvingproblems,”Riaznoted.“Instead,it’sfrightened.”It’snormaltofeelstressedattimes.We’reallhuman,andbeingahumanishard.“Anytimeournervoussystemisoutofbalance,wehavetofindthatwaytoteachourbodythatwe’renotindanger,”Anwaysaid.Sheremendsdeepbreathingthroughthenose,“Whenmybreathslowsdown,mynervoussystemstartstoslowdown,andthatwill,inturn,slowmythoughtsdown.”It’salsoimportanttonoticewhatyougiveyourattentiontowhenyou’refeelingoverstimulated.Practicingmindfulnessskillsinthemoment—like,say,namingthreethingsaroundyouthataregreen—isawaytocalmdownwhenstressed.Besides,tinyroutineslikeaphonefreemorningcanstoptoomuchpressurebeforeitstarts.28.Whatdoesthepopulartweetmainlyreveal?A.Peoplehatebeingmean.B.Pressurecausesbadreactions.C.Socialmediaspreadsanger.D.Everyonedislikesthemselves.29.Accordingtoexperts,“overstimulated”meansthebrain______.A.receivestoomuchinformationB.processesdatatooslowlyC.stopsreceivinganymessagesD.makesreasonabledecisions30.WhatisAnway’ssuggestionwhenwefeeloverstimulated?A.Slowingourbodydown.B.Usingthephone.C.Takingadeepbreath.D.Ignoringthefeeling.31.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Overstimulation:ProcessandSolutionsB.Overstimulation:JustignoreitandMoveOnC.Overstimulation:TinyRoutinesCanHelpD.Overstimulation:NameThingstodealwithit【答案】28.B29.A30.C31.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍“过度刺激”这一普遍现象，解释其含义、对大脑的影响，以及专家提出的深呼吸、正念练习等缓解方法。【28题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Thepost—aresponsetosomeone’squestion“Whatdoyouhatemostaboutyourself?”—readsimply:“IcanbereallymeanwhenI’moverstimulated.”Judgingbytheretweets,itseems55,000peoplecouldrelate.Ifyou’veeveryelledatyourparentafterabadday,youmayunderstandthemeaningbehindthetweet.(这条推文是对某人“你最讨厌自己什么？”这一问题的回应，内容很简单：“当我过度刺激时，我可能会变得非常刻薄。”从转发量来看，似乎有5.5万人对此有共鸣。如果你曾在糟糕的一天后对父母大喊大叫，你可能会理解这条推文背后的含义。)”可知，这条热门推文揭示了过度刺激（压力的一种表现）会让人产生刻薄、大喊大叫等不良反应。故选B项。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Tobeoverstimulatedmeansthatoursenseshavereceivedalotofinformation,andnowwearefeelingstressedaswe’rereceivingthisinformation.(过度刺激意味着我们的感官接收了大量信息，而现在我们在接收这些信息时感到压力。)”可知，专家认为“过度刺激”指大脑接收了过多信息。故选A项。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Sheremendsdeepbreathingthroughthenose,“Whenmybreathslowsdown,mynervoussystemstartstoslowdown,andthatwill,inturn,slowmythoughtsdown.”(她建议用鼻子深呼吸：“当我的呼吸慢下来时，我的神经系统开始慢下来，这反过来也会让我的思绪慢下来。”)”可知，Anway建议在感到过度刺激时进行深呼吸。故选C项。【31题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，第二段解释了“过度刺激”的定义，第三段说明其对大脑的影响，第四、五段给出缓解过度刺激的方法，由此可知，文章围绕“过度刺激”的相关原理及解决办法展开，因此“过度刺激：过程与解决方案”最适合作为标题。故选A项。DArebigcitiesovervalued?Neweconomicresearchsuggestsso.Judgedbytheirpreferences,peoplelovecities.HugecitiessuchasLondonandNewYorkarefull,withhighhouseprices.China,meanwhile,canclaimatleastsixcitiesbiggerthaneitherofthem.Acrosstheworld,25%ofpeopleliveincitiesofoveramillion,upfromjust15%sixdecadesago.Economiststendtothinkthisisagreatdevelopment.Cities,theyargue,benefitfrom‘agglomeration’,theconsequenceofsomanypeoplelivingcloseby.Foronething,governmentandbusinessescanrunmoreefficiently:sizehelpseverythingfrompublictransporttothehiringofstaff.Foranother,findingthenextbigideaiseasierwhenlikemindedpeoplegathertogether.Buthaveeconomistsoverstatedthebenefitsofbigcities?ThatiswhatanewstudybyMatthewTurnerandDavidWeil,bothofBrownUniversity,suggests.TheiranalysisappliesexistingfiguresoftheimpactofagglomerationoneconomicefficiencyandtherateofinventiontoamodeloftheAmericaneconomy.Thisallowstheresearcherstoansweraquestion:howdifferentwouldAmericalookif,from1900to2010,nocityareahadgrowntoapopulationofmorethan1millionpeople?Accordingtotheirwork,theansweris‘notallthatmuch’.Growthwouldhavebeenslower,butonlyabit:theresearchersthinkthatAmerica’stotalproductionwouldhavebeen8%lowerin2010thanitwasinreality.Citiesdomakeresidentsmoreefficient,butthesizeofthecitydoesnotmattertoomuch.Citysupportersmaynotfullyagreewiththeresearchers’findings,whichdependonsomeguesses.EdwardGlaeserofHarvardnotesthatTurnerandWeilbelievecreatingnewideasgetsharderovertime,asthesimplestsolutionsareusedup.Thismeansbigcitiesbenefitlessthanexpectedfromgatheringtalentedpeople.It’sunclearifthistrendwillkeephappeninginthefuture.AIsupporterswouldsurelyarguethatcreatingnewideaswillprobablyspeedupinthenextfewyears.32.Whatdothedatainparagraph1show?A.Citysizehashardlychanged.B.Rurallifehasbeepopular.C.Hugecitiesaredisappearingfast.D.Morepeoplemovetobigcities.33.Whatarethebenefitsof“agglomeration”accordingtoeconomists?A.Lesstrafficandlowercosts.B.Betterservicesandnewideas.C.Cheaperhousingandcleanerair.D.Bettereducationandmorefriends.34.WhatdoTurnerandWeil’sfindingssuggest?A.Bigcitiescutnationalinegreatly.B.Bigcitiesdoublenationaltotalproduction.C.Bigcitieshardlyimprovegeneralgrowth.D.Bigcitieswidentheinegaphugely.35.WhydoestheauthormentionGlaeser’sopinion?A.Toadvocateforfurthercitydevelopment.B.TorestateTurnerandWeil’skeyarguments.C.Topraisethestrengthoftheresearchers’dataanalysis.D.Toexplaincitysupporters’doubtontheresearchfindings.【答案】32.D33.B34.C35.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章探讨了大城市是否被高估的问题。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Neweconomicresearchsuggestsso.Judgedbytheirpreferences,peoplelovecities.HugecitiessuchasLondonandNewYorkarefull,withhighhouseprices.China,meanwhile,canclaimatleastsixcitiesbiggerthaneitherofthem.Acrosstheworld,25%ofpeopleliveincitiesofoveramillion,upfromjust15%sixdecadesago.(新的经济研究也表明了这一点。从人们的偏好来看，人们喜欢城市。像伦敦和纽约这样的大城市人口密集，房价高昂。而中国至少有六个城市的人口规模超过了这两个城市。在全球范围内，有25%的人口居住在人口超过一百万的城市里，而六十年前这一比例仅为15%。)”可推断，第一段的数据说明越来越多的人迁入大城市。故选D。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Foronething,governmentandbusinessescanrunmoreefficiently:sizehelpseverythingfrompublictransporttothehiringofstaff.Foranother,findingthenextbigideaiseasierwhenlikemindedpeoplegathertogether.(一方面，政府和企业能够更加高效地运作：规模优势能体现在从公共交通到员工招聘等方方面面。另一方面，志同道合的人聚集在一起时，更容易产生具有重大意义的创新想法。)”可知，聚集效应的好处包括更好的服务（高效运行）和新想法的产生。故选B。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Accordingtotheirwork,theansweris‘notallthatmuch’.Growthwouldhavebeenslower,butonlyabit:theresearchersthinkthatAmerica’stotalproductionwouldhavebeen8%lowerin2010thanitwasinreality.Citiesdomakeresidentsmoreefficient,butthesizeofthecitydoesnotmattertoomuch.(根据他们研究结果，答案是“并没有那么大”。经济增长速度会有所放缓，但幅度不会太大：研究人员认为，2010年美国的总产量会比实际情况低8%。城市确实能让居民变得更高效，但城市规模本身的影响并不太大。)”可知，若没有大城市，经济增长仅会略低，因此大城市对整体增长的提升作用有限。故选C。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Citysupportersmaynotfullyagreewiththeresearchers’findings,whichdependonsomeguesses.EdwardGlaeserofHarvardnotesthatTurnerandWeilbelievecreatingnewideasgetsharderovertime,asthesimplestsolutionsareusedup.Thismeansbigcitiesbenefitlessthanexpectedfromgatheringtalentedpeople.It’sunclearifthistrendwillkeephappeninginthefuture.AIsupporterswouldsurelyarguethatcreatingnewideaswillprobablyspeedupinthenextfewyears.(城市支持者们或许不会完全认同研究人员的这些结论，因为这些结论是基于一些推测得出的。哈佛大学的爱德华·格莱泽指出，特纳和韦尔认为随着时间的推移，创造新想法的难度会越来越大，因为最简单的解决方案已经被用完了。这意味着大城市从汇聚优秀人才中获得的益处会低于预期。目前尚不清楚这种趋势未来是否会持续下去。而人工智能的支持者们肯定会认为，在接下来的几年里，创造新想法的速度可能会加快。)”可知，城市支持者可能不完全认同研究结论，爱德华·格莱泽指出研究假设的局限性，因此推断作者引用格莱泽的观点是为了说明支持者对研究结果的质疑。故选D。第二节(共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。WhenIwasakid,mysiblings(兄弟姐妹)andIwerenotallowedtosay“I’mbored.”___36___Ialwaysassumedmyparentsmadethisruletosparethemselvesfromhearingusplain,butnowIwonderifithaddeeperhistoricalroots.___37___Foralongtime,ithasbeenviewedasanunpleasant,evenwrongfeeling.Inancienttimes,ifsomeoneshowedthesignsofboredom,theywerewrongof“acedia,”afeelingofbeingapartthatwasseenasrudetotheworldanditscreator.Thegrowthoffactoriesandtimesavingdevicesonlystrengthenedourwishtousetimewell.___38___Manyparentstrytokeeptheirchildrenfromgettingbored,eithertostopplaintsorbecausetheythinkboredomwastesachancetogetahead.Noneoftheseattitudestowardboredomstrikemeashealthyorbeneficial.Weneedtomovepastourfearofboredomandstarttoseeitasanunavoidable,necessary,andevenadvantageousexperience.___39___Itisaveryunpleasant(andshort)statethatoftenpushesustotrynewideas.Whenwetakeawaychildren’sboredombygivingtheminstantandshallowactivities,wegreatlylowertheirchancesoflearningnewandchallengingthingswell.___40___Instead,weshouldtrustthatchildrenwillfindwaystoamusethemselves—andmaybeevenlearntoacceptboredomasagift,achancetothink,tocreate,todiscover.Aswelearntositwithboredom,wemayfindthatitisnotourenemybutourhelper,somethingweneedforalifeofmeaningandinvention.A.Boredom,atitsbest,bringscreativity.B.Asaculture,wehaveabadrelationshipwithboredom.C.Today,wecontinuetoviewboredomwithstrongdislike.D.Schoolsshouldaddmorecreativeclassestopreventboredom.E.Weshouldnotfilleveryminuteofourkids’dayswithactivities.F.Ifwewere,wewereinstantlygivenatask,sowelearnedtoavoidit.G.Moderntechnologyhasmadeboredomarareexperienceforchildren.【答案】36.F37.B38.C39.A40.E【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要探讨了人们对无聊的传统负面看法及历史根源，提出应正视无聊，将其视为有价值的体验，反对用活动填满孩子的时间。【36题详解】根据前文“WhenIwasakid,mysiblings(兄弟姐妹)andIwerenotallowedtosay“I’mbor