2025年外语专业综合素质考试试题及答案

2025年外语专业综合素质考试试题及答案Ⅰ.听力理解（共20题，每题1分，满分20分）（说明：本部分包含三段听力材料，每段材料播放两遍。请根据录音内容，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。）材料一：学术讲座（节选）（录音内容：）"Goodmorning,everyone.Todaywe'lldiscussakeyconceptincognitivelinguistics:'metaphorasawayofthinking.'Traditionalviewsseemetaphorsasmererhetoricaldevices,butrecentstudiesshowtheyshapeourunderstandingofabstractconcepts.Forexample,themetaphor'timeismoney'influenceshowwemanageschedules—we'spend'time,'invest'inactivities,and'waste'it.Thisisn'tjustlanguage;it'sacognitiveframework.Anotherexample:'argumentiswar.'Phraseslike'attackapoint'or'defendaposition'revealhowwementallyframedebatesasconflicts.Suchmetaphorsaresoingrainedthatwerarelynoticethem,yettheyguideourreasoning.Let'sexplorehowthesemetaphorsaffectdailydecision-making..."1.Whatisthemaintopicofthelecture?A.RhetoricaldevicesindailycommunicationB.CognitivefunctionsofmetaphorsC.HistoricalevolutionoflanguagestudiesD.Strategiesfortimemanagement2.Accordingtothespeaker,whatisthekeydifferencebetweentraditionalandrecentviewsonmetaphors?A.Traditionalviewsfocusontheirdecorativerole,whilerecentviewsemphasizecognitiveimpact.B.Traditionalviewslinkmetaphorstoliterature,whilerecentviewsconnectthemtoscience.C.Traditionalviewsconsidermetaphorsasabstract,whilerecentviewsseethemasconcrete.D.Traditionalviewsignoremetaphors,whilerecentviewsovervaluethem.3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTanexampleofthemetaphor"timeismoney"mentionedinthelecture?A."Spendtime"B."Investinactivities"C."Wastetime"D."Attackapoint"材料二：日常对话（录音内容：）"Emma:Hi,Mark!Longtimenosee.How'syournewjobattheculturalcenter?Mark:It'sbeenquitearide.Lastweek,weorganizedacross-culturalworkshop.Theparticipantswerefrom10countries—China,Brazil,Germany...Itwasamazing,butalsochallenging.Emma:Whatwasthebiggestchallenge?Mark:Communicationgaps,surprisingly.Wehadasessionon'personalspace.'AGermanparticipantkeptsteppingbackduringaconversationwithaBrazilian,whokeptmovingforward.Theydidn'trealizeitwascultural—Germansprefermoredistance,Braziliansless.Emma:Oh,right!Irememberreadingthatinsomecultures,directeyecontactisasignofrespect,whileinothersit'srude.Mark:Exactly.Anotherissuewasgreetings.AJapaneseguestfeltuncomfortablewhenanAmericangavehimahug—he'susedtobowing.Wehadtoexplainthedifferencesafterward.Emma:Soundslikeyoulearnedalot.Maybeyoushouldwriteaguideforfutureworkshops?Mark:That'sagreatidea.I'llstartdraftingnextweek."4.WheredoesMarkwork?A.AlanguageschoolB.AculturalcenterC.AmultinationalcompanyD.Aresearchinstitute5.WhatcausedtheconflictbetweentheGermanandBrazilianparticipants?A.DifferencesinpersonalspacepreferencesB.DisagreementsonworkshoptopicsC.LanguagebarriersincommunicationD.Conflictingviewsontimemanagement6.WhywastheJapaneseguestuncomfortable?A.HedislikedgroupactivitiesB.HepreferredverbalgreetingsoverphysicalonesC.HewasnotusedtohuggingasagreetingD.Hefoundtheworkshoptoonoisy材料三：新闻报道（录音内容：）"TheUnitedNationsreleaseditsannualWorldHappinessReportyesterday.Forthethirdconsecutiveyear,Finlandhasbeenrankedthehappiestcountry.ThereportattributesFinland'ssuccesstostrongsocialsupport,lowcorruption,andarobustwelfaresystem.DenmarkandIcelandfollowclosely.Ontheotherend,war-torncountrieslikeAfghanistanandLebanonfacesignificantchallenges,withtheirhappinessscoresdroppingby15%comparedtolastyear.Thereportalsohighlightsagrowingtrend:countrieswithhighgenderequalityandenvironmentalsustainabilitytendtohavehigherhappinessindices.'Happinessisn'tjustaboutwealth,'saidtheleadresearcher.'It'saboutcommunity,trust,andtheabilitytothrivetogether.'"7.HowmanytimeshasFinlandbeenrankedthehappiestcountryinthereport?A.OnceB.TwiceC.ThreetimesD.Fourtimes8.WhatisNOTmentionedasafactorcontributingtoFinland'shappiness?A.StrongsocialsupportB.LowcorruptionC.HighGDPpercapitaD.Robustwelfaresystem9.Whichcountrieshaveseenasignificantdropinhappinessscores?A.DenmarkandIcelandB.AfghanistanandLebanonC.FinlandandNorwayD.JapanandSouthKorea（听力部分答案：1.B2.A3.D4.B5.A6.C7.C8.C9.B）Ⅱ.阅读理解（共20题，每题1.5分，满分30分）阅读以下三篇短文，完成10-29题。Passage1In1816,MaryShelley,just18yearsold,wroteFrankenstein,anovelthatwouldredefinethehorrorgenre.Thestorybeganasachallenge:duringarainysummerinSwitzerland,Shelleyandherfriends—includingLordByronandPercyShelley—competedtowritethescariestghoststory.Whileothersstruggled,Shelley'simaginationtookadarkerturn.Shelaterrecalledanightmare:"Isawthepalestudentofunhallowedartskneelingbesidethethinghehadputtogether.Isawthehideousphantasmofamanstretchedout,andthen,ontheworkingofsomepowerfulengine,showsignsoflife."ThisvisionbecamethecoreofFrankenstein.Whatmakesthenoveltimelessisitsexplorationofhumanity'srelationshipwithcreation.VictorFrankenstein,the"palestudent,"isdrivenbyadesiretoconquerdeath.Hesucceedsincreatinglifebutrecoilsfromhis"monster,"who,starvedoflove,turnsviolent.Thestoryasks:Isthemonsterevil,orisitsocietythatfailstoacceptit?Thismoralambiguityresonatestoday,aswegrapplewithethicalquestionsinbiotechnologyandAI.10.WhatinspiredMaryShelleytowriteFrankenstein?A.AcompetitionwithherfriendsB.AchildhoodmemoryofaghostC.ArequestfromLordByronD.Ascientificexperimentshewitnessed11.Accordingtothepassage,whatmakesFrankensteinatimelessnovel?A.ItsdetaileddescriptionsofhorrorscenesB.ItsexplorationofhumanityandcreationC.ItsfocusonthelifeofayoungscientistD.ItsdepictionofSwisslandscapes12.Whatisthe"moralambiguity"mentionedinthepassage?A.WhetherthemonsteriseviloravictimofsocietyB.WhetherVictorFrankensteinshouldhavepursuedscienceC.WhetherthestoryisbasedonrealeventsD.WhetherthenovelbelongstothehorrorgenrePassage2InmanyEastAsiancultures,theconceptof"face"(mianziinChinese)iscentraltosocialinteractions."Face"referstoone'ssocialreputation,dignity,andsenseofself-worth.Losingfacecanoccurwhensomeoneispubliclycriticized,embarrassed,orignored.Tomaintainharmony,peopleoftenavoiddirectconfrontation.Forexample,inabusinessmeeting,amanagermightsay,"Thisideaneedsmoreconsideration"insteadof"Thisisabadidea."Thisindirectnesspreservesthespeaker'sfaceandthelistener'sface.However,misunderstanding"face"canleadtoconflictsincross-culturalsettings.AWesternermightperceivethemanager'scommentasindecisive,whilethemanagerintendstoprotecttheemployee'sfeelings.Similarly,adirect"no"inEastAsiaisrare;peoplemaysay"maybe"or"I'llthinkaboutit"toavoidcausinglossofface.Learningtonavigatethesenuancesiskeytoeffectivecross-culturalcommunication.13.Whatdoes"face"primarilyrepresentinEastAsiancultures?A.PhysicalappearanceB.SocialreputationanddignityC.AcademicachievementD.Economicstatus14.WhydopeopleinEastAsianculturesoftenavoiddirectconfrontation?A.TheylackconfidenceintheiropinionsB.TheywanttomaintainsocialharmonyC.TheyprefertousewrittencommunicationD.Theybelieveindirectnessismoreefficient15.HowmightaWesternerinterpretthemanager'scomment"Thisideaneedsmoreconsideration"?A.AsapolitewaytorejecttheideaB.Asasignofthemanager'sindecisionC.AsaninvitationtoprovidemoredetailsD.Asacomplimentontheidea'spotentialPassage3Thehoneybee,oftenseenasasimpleinsect,playsacriticalroleinglobalagriculture.Approximately75%oftheworld'sfloweringplantsdependonpollinators,andhoneybeesarethemostefficientamongthem.Asinglehoneybeecolonycanpollinatemillionsofflowersinaday.Cropslikealmonds,apples,andblueberriesrelyalmostentirelyonhoneybeepollination.Yethoneybeepopulationsaredecliningworldwide.Pesticides,habitatloss,andclimatechangearethemainthreats.IntheU.S.,beekeepersreportedlosing48%oftheircoloniesin2023—a10%increasefromthepreviousyear.Thisdeclinehassevereconsequences:withouthoneybees,foodpricescouldrise,andsomecropsmightdisappear.Effortstoprotecthoneybeesincludeplantingpollinator-friendlyflowers,reducingpesticideuse,andsupportinglocalbeekeepers.Individualscanhelpbycreating"beegardens"withnativeplantsoravoidingchemicalfertilizers.AsAlbertEinsteinoncefamouslysaid,"Ifthebeedisappearsfromthesurfaceoftheearth,manwouldhavenomorethanfouryearstolive."Whilethisquoteisdebated,themessageremainsclear:honeybeesarevitaltooursurvival.16.Whatpercentageoffloweringplantsdependonpollinators?A.25%B.50%C.75%D.100%17.WhichcropisNOTmentionedasrelyingonhoneybeepollination?A.AlmondsB.WheatC.ApplesD.Blueberries18.WhatwasthehoneybeecolonylossrateintheU.S.in2023?A.38%B.48%C.58%D.68%19.Accordingtothepassage,howcanindividualshelpprotecthoneybees?A.ByusingmorepesticidesB.Byplantingnon-nativeflowersC.Bycreating"beegardens"withnativeplantsD.Byavoidingalltypesofflowers20.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.ToexplainhowhoneybeesmakehoneyB.TodescribethelifecycleofhoneybeesC.TohighlighttheimportanceofhoneybeesandtheirdeclineD.Tocomparehoneybeeswithotherpollinators（阅读理解答案：10.A11.B12.A13.B14.B15.B16.C17.B18.B19.C20.C）Ⅲ.翻译（共2题，每题10分，满分20分）21.中译英中国的茶文化源远流长，可追溯至唐代（618-907年）。茶不仅是一种饮品，更是社交和文化的载体。古人常以茶会友，在茶香中谈诗论道。如今，茶馆依然是人们放松身心、交流情感的场所。无论是传统的功夫茶，还是现代的奶茶，茶始终连接着过去与现在，传递着中国人对生活的热爱。参考译文China'steaculturehasalonghistory,datingbacktotheTangDynasty(618-907).Teaisnotjustabeveragebutalsoacarrierofsocialinteractionandculture.Inancienttimes,peopleoftengatheredwithfriendsovertea,discussingpoetryandphilosophyamidthearomaoftealeaves.Today,teahousesremainplaceswherepeoplerelaxandconnectemotionally.Whetherit'straditionalgongfuteaormodernmilktea,teahasalwaysbridgedthepastandthepresent,conveyingtheChinesepeople'sloveforlife.22.英译中Librariesaremorethanjustbuildingsfullofbooks.Theyarecommunityhubswherepeopleofallagescanlearn,create,andconnect.Inrecentyears,manylibrarieshaveevolvedtoofferdigitalresources,codingworkshops,andevenmusicstudios.Thesechangesreflectabroadershift:librariesarenolongerpassivestoragespacesbutactivecentersforlifelonglearning.Forachild,alibrarymightbethefirstplacetheydiscoveraloveforreading;forasenior,itmightbeaspacetolearnnewtechnologies.Inaworldincreasinglydivided,librariesremindusofoursharedhumanity.参考译文图书馆不只是装满书籍的建筑。它们是社区的核心场所，不同年龄的人都能在此学习、创造与交流。近年来，许多图书馆已发展为提供数字资源、编程工作坊甚至音乐工作室的空间。这些变化反映了一种更广泛的转变：图书馆不再是被动的存储场所，而是终身学习的活跃中心。对孩子来说，图书馆可能是他们首次萌发阅读热爱的地方；对长者而言，这里可能是学习新技术的空间。在一个日益分裂的世界里，图书馆让我们想起人类共通的情感。Ⅳ.写作（满分20分）题目：随着全球化的发展，越来越多的外语专业学生选择从事跨文化传播工作（如国际媒体、文化交流机构等）。请结合自身专业知识，谈谈外语学习者在跨文化传播中应具备的核心能力，并举例说明。要求：1.字数800-1000字；2.观点明确，逻辑清晰；3.语言流畅，用词准确；4.至少包含两个具体案例。参考范文在全球化深度发展的今天，跨文化传播已成为连接不同文明的重要桥梁。作为外语专业学生，若投身这一领域，需具备的核心能力远不止语言技能，更包括文化理解力、共情能力与媒介素养。首先，精准的语言能力是跨文化传播的基础，但需超越“翻译”层面，实现“文化转码”。例如，2023年北京冬奥会期间，志愿者团队在翻译“冰墩墩”这一吉祥物名称时，并未直接音译为“BingDundan”，而是结合其“敦厚、可爱”的文化内涵，保留拼音并加注“icepanda