云南省曲靖市某中学2025-2026学年高三上学期11月期中考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1云南省曲靖市某中学2025-2026学年高三上学期11月期中英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ASharedMobility:MakingTravelEasierforAllSharedmobilityservices,suchascarsharesandbikeshares,havepositiveeffectsontheenvironment.However,accesstotheseservicesisnotequalforeveryone.Researchshowsthatsharedmobilityservicesaremorecommonlyavailableinwealthierurbanareas.Mostuserstendtobeyounger,wealthier,andphysicallyable.Tobuildasustainabletransportationsystem,itisessentialtomaketheseservicesinclusiveforallpeople.Somecitieshaveintroducedprogramstosupportlow-incomeresidents.Theseprogramshelpincreasetheuseofsharedvehiclesandreducedependenceonpersonalcars.Recently,about70%ofmicromobilityprogramsintheUShavetakenmeasurestobetterservedisadvantagedgroups,suchasacceptingcashpaymentsandofferingnon-smartphonebookingoptions.Still,manybarriersremain.Surveysindicatethatpeopleinruralareasandthosewithlowerincomesencountermoreobstacleswhentryingtousebikeshares.Cost,lackoffamiliarity,andlimitedavailabilityarecommonproblems,asillustratedintheFigure.Non-profitorganizationsarealsoplayinganimportantrole.Forexample,SharedMobilityInc.,aBuffalo-basedNGO,providesfreee-bikestounderservedcommunitiesandorganizestrainingsessionstopromotecyclingcultureandsafety.MobitwininBelgiumsupportselderlypeopleandthosewithlimitedmobilitybyprovidingaffordableridesbookedviatelephone.Similarly,TimCarsharinginAustriaoffersvehiclessuitableforwheelchairsandprovideschildseatsuponrequest.Inconclusion,understandingdifferentneedsandmakingservicesmoreadaptablearekeystepstowardfairandsustainableurbantransportation.1.Whatisthepurposeofmakingsharedmobilityservicesinclusiveforall?A.Topromotecashpayments.B.Tolowertransportationcosts.C.Tomaketransportationsustainable.D.Toreducerelianceonprivatecars.2.Whichisthemajorobstaclepreventinglow-incomeurbanpeoplefromusingbikeshares?A.Safetyconcerns. B.Highcost.C.Lackoffamiliarity. D.Limitedavailability.3.WhichmeasureistakenbyTimCarsharinginAustria?A.Providingfreee-bikes. B.Bookingridesbysmartphone.C.Organizingtrainingsessions. D.Offeringwheelchair-friendlyvehicles.【答案】1.C2.B3.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍共享出行服务现状，分析使用障碍及为实现可持续交通采取的包容性措施。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Sharedmobilityservices,suchascarsharesandbikeshares,havepositiveeffectsontheenvironment.However,accesstotheseservicesisnotequalforeveryone.Researchshowsthatsharedmobilityservicesaremorecommonlyavailableinwealthierurbanareas.Mostuserstendtobeyounger,wealthier,andphysicallyable.Tobuildasustainabletransportationsystem,itisessentialtomaketheseservicesinclusiveforallpeople.(共享出行服务，如汽车共享和自行车共享，对环境有积极影响。然而，并非每个人都能平等地获得这些服务。研究表明，共享出行服务在较富裕的城市地区更为普遍。大多数用户往往更年轻、更富有、身体更强健。为了建设可持续的交通系统，必须使这些服务对所有人都具有包容性)”可知，让共享出行服务具有包容性的目的是实现交通可持续发展。故选C。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据文中“Surveysindicatethatpeopleinruralareasandthosewithlowerincomesencountermoreobstacleswhentryingtousebikeshares.Cost,lackoffamiliarity,andlimitedavailabilityarecommonproblems(调查显示，农村地区和低收入人群在使用共享单车时遇到更多障碍。成本、缺乏熟悉度和供应有限是常见问题)”及图表中对应Lowerincome(urban)的BARRIER2：Highcostofthebikesharesystem对应的是40%，占比最高，所以高成本是阻碍低收入城市人群使用共享单车的主要障碍。故选B。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Similarly,TimCarsharinginAustriaoffersvehiclessuitableforwheelchairsandprovideschildseatsuponrequest.(相似地，奥地利的TimCarsharing提供适合轮椅的车辆，并根据要求提供儿童座椅)”可知，奥地利的TimCarsharing采取的措施是提供适合轮椅的车辆。故选D。BIstartedwalkingbackwardfornoapparentreason.Iwassimplywavinggoodbyetomydaughterswhenithitmetotakeafewstepsbackward.SinceI’dalreadystarted,IthoughtIcouldwalkallthewayhomethatway.Afterall,thecontradictionofmovingforwardbygoingbackwardseemedengagingandworthexploring.Thefirstproblemwaspractical.Snowisapainevenforregularwalking,somypacesloweddownconsiderably.Atthisdifferentpace,lifeitselffeltrushedincomparison.Howsillyitisthatwe’realwaysinsuchahurrytogetsomewhere.Forexample,Ioftenarriveatplaceslongaftermybodygetsthere.SometimesIreachmydaughters’school,butmymindisstillathome,wonderingwhetherIunpluggedmywife’shairdryer.Walkingbackward,however,forcedmetoadjustthepaceofmybodytomymind.Thenextthinghadtodowithvision.Inregularwalking,thepathaheadisalwaysvisible.Here,youuseothersenses:youhearthecarapproaching,yousensetheunevennessoftheground,andyounoticethechangeinthefirmnessofthesnow.Youactivateanentiresetofskillsweusuallydon’tusebecauseofourdependenceonsight.Thisway,thefamiliarpathIwalkedeverydaysuddenlyfeltlikeagrandadventure,adiscoveryIhadn’tanticipated.Becauseofmyaddictiontofoolishideas,Idecidedtocontinuemybackwardwalkingfortherestoftheday.AndIquicklyrealizedsomethingobvious:thepathIenjoyedmostwastheoneIhadalreadytravelled.Anditstruckmethatthiswastherightwaytolookatlife:movingtowardadestinationwithouteverforgettingwhereyou’vebeen,orhowfaryou’vecome.Lookingbackisalwaysgoodforself-value.There’snowaytolookatyesterdayandnotfeelbetter:fortheillnessthatdidn’tkillyou,orthehappychildhooddaysthatstillmakeyousmile.4.Whatinterestedtheauthorinthefirstparagraph?A.Findinganewroutebackhome.B.Engaginghimselfindeepthinking.C.Movingforwardinadifferentmanner.D.Seeinghisdaughtersoffeverymorning.5.Whatdidtheauthorrealizeonthewaybackhome?A.Weneedtostayfocusedatwork.B.Wedon’tneedtolivearushedlife.C.Weshouldspendmoretimewithfamily.D.Weshouldn’tcompareourselvestoothers.6.Howdidtheauthorovercomethevisionproblem?A.Hestudiedasetofnewskills. B.Hedependedonhismemory.C.Hefollowedhissenseofdirection. D.Hemadefulluseofothersenses.7.Whatmessagedoestheauthorseemtodeliverinthelastparagraph?A.Childhoodisthebestpartinlife. B.It’sinspiringtoreflectonthepast.C.It’simportanttofindyourself-value. D.Oneoughttolearntoforgivehimself.【答案】4.C5.B6.D7.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇叙议结合的文章。文章通过作者倒着走路的经历，探讨了放慢生活节奏、依赖其他感官以及回顾过去的重要性。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段的句子“Istartedwalkingbackwardfornoapparentreason.Iwassimplywavinggoodbyetomydaughterswhenithitmetotakeafewstepsbackward.SinceI’dalreadystarted,IthoughtIcouldwalkallthewayhomethatway.Afterall,thecontradictionofmovingforwardbygoingbackwardseemedengagingandworthexploring.(我毫无缘由地开始倒着行走。当时正挥手向女儿们道别，突然心血来潮想后退几步。既然已经开了头，我索性决定就这么倒着走回家。毕竟，这种通过后退实现前进的矛盾感既引人入胜又值得玩味。)”可知，作者对以一种不同的方式前进感兴趣。故选C项。【5题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Atthisdifferentpace,lifeitselffeltrushedincomparison.Howsillyitisthatwe’realwaysinsuchahurrytogetsomewhere.(在这个不同的速度下，生活本身相比之下显得很匆忙。我们总是急于到达某个地方，这真是太傻了。)”可知，作者觉得人们总是急于到达某个地方太傻了，可得出作者意识到我们不需要过一种匆忙的生活。故选B项。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Thenextthinghadtodowithvision.Inregularwalking,thepathaheadisalwaysvisible.Here,youuseothersenses:youhearthecarapproaching,yousensetheunevennessoftheground,andyounoticethechangeinthefirmnessofthesnow.(下一件事与视觉有关。在正常的行走中，前方的道路总是可见的。在这里，你使用其他感官：你听到汽车靠近的声音，你感觉到地面的不平整，你注意到雪的硬度的变化。)”可知，作者通过充分利用其他感官来克服视觉问题。故选D项。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段的句子“AndIquicklyrealizedsomethingobvious:thepathIenjoyedmostwastheoneIhadalreadytravelled.Anditstruckmethatthiswastherightwaytolookatlife:movingtowardadestinationwithouteverforgettingwhereyou’vebeen,orhowfaryou’vecome.Lookingbackisalwaysgoodforself-value.There’snowaytolookatyesterdayandnotfeelbetter:fortheillnessthatdidn’tkillyou,orthehappychildhooddaysthatstillmakeyousmile.(我很快意识到一些显而易见的事情：我最喜欢的道路是我已经走过的那条。我突然意识到，这是看待生活的正确方式：朝着一个目的地前进，而不要忘记你去过哪里，也不要忘记你走了多远。回顾总是有利于自我价值。当你回顾昨天的时候，你会感觉好多了：因为那场没有夺去你生命的疾病，或者那些仍然让你微笑的快乐童年。)”可知，作者认为回顾过去是很有启发性的。故选B项。CNumerousindustriesproducelargerquantitiesofwastewaterscontaininghighconcentrationsoforganicsubstancesandinorganicsalts.Dischargingthesewastewaterstotheenvironmentisharmfultoecosystemandhumanhealth.However,thehighsaltcontentinthesewastewatersposeseriouschallengesforexistingtreatmentprocesses.ResearchersatRiceUniversity,inpartnershipwithGuangdongUniversityofTechnology,havedevelopedagroundbreakingmethodforit—adoptingdialysis(透析)technologycommonlyusedinmedicine.Theresearchersselectedcommercialultrafiltrationmembranes(超滤膜)whichweredesignedtoletsaltpassthroughwhiletrappingorganicsubstances.Theysetupasystemwheresaltywastewaterandfreshwaterflowedinoppositedirectionsoneithersideofaspecialmembrane,withoutneedingpumps.Duetothedifferenceofsaltconcentrationsbetweenwastewaterandfreshwater,saltnaturallymovesintothefreshwaterwhileorganicsubstancesarekeptback.Totestthis,theycomparedtheamountoforganicmaterialandsaltinthewastewaterbeforeandaftertreatment.Theresultsshowedthesystemcouldeffectivelyremovesaltwithoutusingextraamountsoffreshwater.Onesignificantadvantageofdialysisisitsresistancetofouling(积垢).Unlikepressure-drivensystems,dialysisexperiencednotablylessbuildupoforganicmaterialsonthemembranebecauseitdoesn’trelyonextrapressure.“Thiscouldtranslatetolowerenergyconsumption,lessmaintenance,andfewermembranereplacements,”saidElimelech,aresearcheronthestudy.Additionally,withsuitablemembranes,dialysiscanbetailoredtoseparatevariousorganics,enablingtheselectiverecoveryofvaluableresourcesfromthewastewater.Inthisway,dialysiscreatesopportunitiesfortransformingwastewatertreatmentplantsintoresourcerecoveryfactories,aligningtheprinciplesofarecyclingeconomy.Overall,whiledialysisalonedoesn’tfullypurifywastewater,itcantransformthehigh-salinityorganicwastewaterstreamintoalow-salinityorganicwastewaterstreamthatcanbereadilytreatedbyconventionalmethods,whichrevolutionizesthetreatmentofsomeofthemostchallengingindustrialwastewaters.8.Whatisthemajorchallengefacedbycurrentwastewatertreatment?A.Thelackofsufficienttreatmentdevices.B.Thehighsaltpercentageinwastewaters.C.Thesubstantialvolumesofwastewaters.D.Theconsiderablecostoftreatmentprocesses.9.Whatcanbelearnedabouttheprocessofdialysingwastewaters?A.Themembranetransformedsaltintoorganics.B.Theextrapressurecontributedtosalttransport.C.Theconcentrationdifferenceplayedthekeyrole.D.Liquidsonbothsidesflowedinthesamedirection.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“aligning”inparagraph4probablymean?A.Matching. B.Establishing. C.Adjusting. D.Challenging.11.Whichofthefollowingcanbeasuitabletitle?A.Dialysis:APioneeringBlessingforMedicineB.Membranes:AProtectiveScreenforFreshWaterC.Dialysis:ANewPathwayforWastewaterTreatmentD.High-SalinityWastewater:AThreattotheEnvironment.【答案】8.B9.C10.A11.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了莱斯大学和广东工业大学的研究人员合作开发了一种开创性的处理高盐有机废水的方法——采用医学上常用的透析技术，阐述了该方法的原理、优势以及对废水处理的重要意义。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“However,thehighsaltcontentinthesewastewatersposeseriouschallengesforexistingtreatmentprocesses.(然而，这些废水中的高盐含量给现有的处理工艺带来了严重的挑战。)”可知，当前废水处理面临的主要挑战是废水中的高盐含量。故选B。【9题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“Theysetupasystemwheresaltywastewaterandfreshwaterflowedinoppositedirectionsoneithersideofaspecialmembrane,withoutneedingpumps.Duetothedifferenceofsaltconcentrationsbetweenwastewaterandfreshwater,saltnaturallymovesintothefreshwaterwhileorganicsubstancesarekeptback.(他们建立了一个系统，在这个系统中，含盐废水和淡水在一个特殊的膜的两侧以相反的方向流动，不需要泵。由于废水和淡水之间盐浓度的差异，盐自然地移动到淡水中，而有机物则被保留下来。)”可知，在处理废水的透析过程中，浓度差起到了关键作用。故选C。【10题详析】词句猜测题。根据第四段“Additionally,withsuitablemembranes,dialysiscanbetailoredtoseparatevariousorganics,enablingtheselectiverecoveryofvaluableresourcesfromthewastewater.Inthisway,dialysiscreatesopportunitiesfortransformingwastewatertreatmentplantsintoresourcerecoveryfactories,aligningtheprinciplesofarecyclingeconomy.(此外，使用合适的膜，透析可以定制以分离各种有机物，能够从废水中选择性地回收有价值的资源。通过这种方式，透析为将废水处理厂转变为资源回收工厂创造了机会，与循环经济的原则aligning。)”可知，透析为将废水处理厂转变为资源回收工厂创造了机会，这与循环经济的原则是一致的，所以“aligning”意思最接近“Matching（匹配，相一致）”。故选A。【11题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“ResearchersatRiceUniversity,inpartnershipwithGuangdongUniversityofTechnology,havedevelopedagroundbreakingmethodforit—adoptingdialysis(透析)technologycommonlyusedinmedicine.(莱斯大学的研究人员与广东工业大学合作，开发了一种开创性的方法——采用医学上常用的透析。)”以及后文对该方法的介绍可知，本文主要讲的是透析技术为废水处理提供了一条新途径。所以最佳标题为“透析：污水处理的新途径”。故选C。DThegrowinginteractionbetweenhumansandartificialintelligence(AI)isshapinganewwayofthinking,knownasSystem0.Thisnewcognitive(认知的)frameworkexistsoutsidethehumanmindandworksasanexternal“thinkingassistant”.System0worksalongsidethetwoestablishedmodelsofhumanthought:Systeml,whichisfast,intuitive(直觉的),andautomatic,andSystem2,whichisslower,moreanalytical,andreflective.Justasanexternaldriveallowsustostoredatathatarenotpresentonthecomputer,andwecanworkbyconnectingourdrivetoaPCwhereverweare.AI,withitspowerfulprocessinganddata-handlingcapabilities,canrepresentanexternalcircuittothehumanbraincapableofenhancingit.HencetheideaofSystem0,whichisessentiallyaformof“external”thinkingthatreliesonthecapabilitiesofAI.Bymanagingenormousamountsofdata,AIcanprocessinformationandprovidesuggestionsbasedoncomplexalgorithms(算法).However,unlikeintuitiveoranalyticalthinking,System0canperformcalculations,makepredictions,andgenerateresponseswithouttruly“understanding”thecontentofthedataitworkswith.Theintegrationofsystem0intohumancognitionraisessomeconcerns.Oneofthemostpressingonesisthepotentialdamagetoourcriticalthinkingandreasoningabilities.Ifweblindlytrusttheoutputofsystem0withoutquestioningit,werisklosingourabilitytothinkindependently,leadingtoaweakercapacityforinnovationandcreativity.Atthesametime,itisimportanttoacknowledgethepotentialbenefitsofsystem0inincreasingourcognitivecapabilitiesandaddressingcomplexchallengesthatmaybebeyondthecapacityofhumanintelligencealone.DespitethepolarizedvisionsonthetopicoftheevolutionofAI,werecommendthatthisrevolutionarysystembetheobjectofadeep,sharedreflectiononhowweplantointegrateitintothefutureofhumanthought.ToensurethatAIremainsatooltoenhance—ratherthandecrease—ourcognitiveautonomy,clearboundariesmustbeestablished.12.Whatisthepurposeofparagraph1?A.TostateAI’sinfluenceondailylife. B.Tointroduceanewcognitivemodel.C.Tocomparethreethinkingsystems. D.TodiscussAI’sroleindecision-making.13.WhichcanbestdescribetheessenceofSystem0?A.Adeepmeaningseeker. B.Ananalyticalthinkingpioneer.C.Asmartdecision-maker. D.Anexternalcognitiveenhancer.14.Whatistheauthor’stonecarriedinparagraph4?A.Pushy. B.Indifferent. C.Objective. D.Dismissive.15.Whatwillthefollow-upparagraphmostprobablytalkabout?A.Moraldilemmasinhuman-AIintegration. B.PossiblypromisingprospectsofSystem0.C.TechnicalchallengesinsharpeningSystem0. D.SpecificguidelinesonusingSystem0critically.【答案】12.B13.D14.C15.D【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种新的认知模型——系统0，介绍了其本质以及工作原理等情况。【12题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Thegrowinginteractionbetweenhumansandartificialintelligence(AI)isshapinganewwayofthinking,knownasSystem0.Thisnewcognitive(认知的)frameworkexistsoutsidethehumanmindandworksasanexternal“thinkingassistant”.System0worksalongsidethetwoestablishedmodelsofhumanthought:Systeml,whichisfast,intuitive(直觉的),andautomatic,andSystem2,whichisslower,moreanalytical,andreflective.(人类与人工智能（AI）之间日益增长的互动正在形成一种新的思维方式，即系统0。这个新的认知框架存在于人类思维之外，作为一个外部的“思维助手”。系统0与两种已建立的人类思维模式一起工作：快速、直觉和自动的系统1，以及较慢、更善于分析和反思的系统2)”可知，第1段的目的是介绍一种新的认知模型——系统0。故选B。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“HencetheideaofSystem0,whichisessentiallyaformof“external”thinkingthatreliesonthecapabilitiesofAI.(因此就有了System0的概念，它本质上是一种依赖于AI能力的“外部”思维形式)”可知，系统0的本质是外部认知增强剂。故选D。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段“Theintegrationofsystem0intohumancognitionraisessomeconcerns.Oneofthemostpressingonesisthepotentialdamagetoourcriticalthinkingandreasoningabilities.Ifweblindlytrusttheoutputofsystem0withoutquestioningit,werisklosingourabilitytothinkindependently,leadingtoaweakercapacityforinnovationandcreativity.Atthesametime,itisimportanttoacknowledgethepotentialbenefitsofsystem0inincreasingourcognitivecapabilitiesandaddressingcomplexchallengesthatmaybebeyondthecapacityofhumanintelligencealone.(将系统0整合到人类认知中引起了一些关注。其中最紧迫的是对我们批判性思维和推理能力的潜在损害。如果我们盲目相信系统0的产出而不去质疑它，我们就有可能失去独立思考的能力，从而导致创新和创造能力的削弱。与此同时，重要的是要认识到系统0在提高我们的认知能力和解决可能超出人类智能能力的复杂挑战方面的潜在好处)”可知，作者在第4段提到了盲目相信系统0导致的问题，以及系统0的优点，即作者的语气是客观的。故选C。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“ToensurethatAIremainsatooltoenhance—ratherthandecrease—ourcognitiveautonomy,clearboundariesmustbeestablished.(为了确保人工智能仍然是增强而不是降低我们认知自主性的工具，必须建立明确的界限)”可知，接下来的段落最有可能讨论严格使用系统0的具体指导方针。故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Asaleadershipconsultantformanyyears,I’vefoundmanyoftheleadersIworkwithreportfeelingfrustrated(沮丧的)astheyfacethecontinuouschangeanduncertaintyinthegrowingchallengesoftheirroles.____16____Throughouttheircareers,leadersareconditionedtocomeupwiththefinal,correctanswer.Giventhathuman'sbrainsarehardwiredtoseeuncertaintyasariskorthreat,it’sphysiologicallynormaltofeelstresswhenfacedwithunfamiliarsituations.Sadly,intheworldofleadershiptraining,weoftencelebratequalitieslikedecisiveness,innovation,andresilience(抗逆力).____17____Withoutit,eventhemosttalentedleadersstruggletosustaintheirsuccess.Accordingtothepsychologicaldefinition,frustrationtoleranceinvolvesthecapacitytobeardiscomfort,regulateemotionalresponses,andmaintainaforwardmindsetinthefaceofchallenges.____18____Itnotonlyallowsleaderstostandthediscomfortofbuildingsomethingmeaningfulwithoutgivingupbutalsohelpsthemstaygroundedandpurposeful,evenwhenimmediateresultsaren’twhattheyhopedfor.____19____Leaderscantraintheirfrustrationtolerancebypursuinggoalsoutsideofleadershipthatdon’tofferinstantrewards.Trygoingtothegymteachingdiscipline,patience,andthevalueofgradualprogress.Theseexperiencesbuildresilienceandreinforcefrustrationtoleranceasatransferableskill.____20____Leadershipandentrepreneurshiparemarathons,notsprints(冲刺).Honoringyourenergyensuresyou’rebetterequippedtohandlefrustrationandmaintainthestaminaneededforlong-termsuccess.A.Theyquittheirjobsoutoftheblue.B.Understandably,it’seasyforthemtofeelthisway.C.Inleadership,itistheunsungherooflong-termsuccess.D.Onevitalskill—frustrationtolerance—isoftenoverlooked.E.Leadershipcan’tbedefinedbyaone-size-fits-allapproach.F.Developingfrustrationtoleranceisn’teasy,butit’spossible.G.Also,remembertoprioritizerestandcreatespacetorecharge.【答案】16.B17.D18.C19.F20.G【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章围绕领导者在面对角色挑战中的变化和不确定性时产生的沮丧情绪展开，提出挫折容忍力这一常被忽视的重要技能，并论述其对领导者长期成功的关键作用，还阐述了培养挫折容忍力的方法。【16题详析】由上文“Asaleadershipconsultantformanyyears,I’vefoundmanyoftheleadersIworkwithreportfeelingfrustrated(沮丧的)astheyfacethecontinuouschangeanduncertaintyinthegrowingchallengesoftheirroles.(作为一名多年的领导力顾问，我发现与我共事的许多领导者在面对角色不断增加的挑战中的持续变化和不确定性时，都感到沮丧)”可知，领导者们有沮丧的感受这一现象被提出来，空格处需要对这种感受进行合理的说明或承接。而B项“可以理解，他们很容易有这种感觉”符合语境，是对上文领导者感受的一种合理回应，有承接上文的作用。故选B项。【17题详析】由上文“Sadly,intheworldofleadershiptraining,weoftencelebratequalitieslikedecisiveness,innovation,andresilience(抗逆力).(遗憾的是，在领导力培训领域，我们往往推崇果断、创新和抗逆力等品质)”可知，这里提到了领导力培训中常被推崇的品质，空格处应该与这些品质相关且有转折或补充的意思。而D项“一项重要的技能——挫折容忍力——往往被忽视。”符合语境，与上文形成对比，指出了在推崇一些品质的同时，挫折容忍力这项重要技能被忽视了，有转折和补充说明的作用。故选D项。【18题详析】由上文“Accordingtothepsychologicaldefinition,frustrationtoleranceinvolvesthecapacitytobeardiscomfort,regulateemotionalresponses,andmaintainaforwardmindsetinthefaceofchallenges.(根据心理学定义，挫折容忍力包括在面对挑战时承受不适、调节情绪反应和保持积极心态的能力)”可知，这里对挫折容忍力的定义进行了阐述，空格处要进一步说明挫折容忍力在领导力中的作用等。而C项“在领导力方面，它是长期成功的无名英雄。”符合语境，选项中it指代挫折容忍力，对上文提到的挫折容忍力进行了进一步的肯定和强调，说明了其在领导力中对长期成功的重要性，有承接和升华上文的作用。故选C项。【19题详析】由下文“Leaderscantraintheirfrustrationtolerancebypursuinggoalsoutsideofleadershipthatdon’tofferinstantrewards.(领导者可以通过追求领导力之外不能立即带来回报的目标来培养自己的挫折容忍力)”可知，这里讲述了领导者培养挫折容忍力的方法，空格处应该是引出培养挫折容忍力相关内容的句子。而F项“培养挫折容忍力并不容易，但并非不可能。”符合语境，先表明培养挫折容忍力有难度但可行，引出了下文关于培养方法的内容，有启下的作用。故选F项。【20题详析】由上文“Theseexperiencesbuildresilienceandreinforcefrustrationtoleranceasatransferableskill.(这些经历能增强韧性，并将挫折容忍力强化为一种可迁移的技能)”可知，这里提到了经历对增强韧性和挫折容忍力的作用，空格处应该与如何进一步提升或保持这种能力等相关。而G项“此外，要记住优先安排休息，为恢复精力留出空间。”符合语境，选项中recharge与下文“Honoringyourenergyensuresyou’rebetterequippedtohandlefrustrationandmaintainthestaminaneededforlong-termsuccess.(尊重你的精力可以确保你更好地应对挫折，保持长期成功所需的耐力)”中Honoringyourenergy相呼应，提到要优先休息和充电，承上启下，说明了在通过经历培养能力的同时，也要注意休息恢复精力来更好地应对挫折等。故选G项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。IwasaNorthernnewcomertoaSouthernadultcommunity.Iknewnooneandwasfeelingveryoutofplaceandlonely.I___21___wantedtomakenewfriends.Onemorning,cyclists___22___by—darkshorts,brightshirts,laughterfloatinglikebells.Hesitantbut___23___,Iletmyfingerfollowtheheadlineonnewspaper:“NewRidersWelcome.”ItisnotlikemetojoinsomethingwhereIknownoone,butI___24___myselftoattendanorganizationalmeeting.Atthefirstmeetup,I___25___myshynessandstartedaconversationwithtwocyclists.Dayslater,twelvenewcomersbeganourfirsteight-mileride.We___26___throughquietneighborhoodpathslikeawobblingcentipede(摇晃的蜈蚣).Soon,wewerepedalingthreetimesaweek,___27___increasingourdistanceandspeed.Stoppingto___28___becameourroutineandwesoonadoptedourslogan,“Webikeforfood.”Aswesatchattingovercupsof___29___coffee,strongfriendshipbegantoform.Astimeworeon,manyothersharedinterestsemergedandwebegan____30____themtogether.Now,____31____withseveralmembersofthecyclingclub,Idecidedtoattendahandfuloftheirsocialevents.There,Imetmorefolks.Outofthesegatheringsgrewasmalldinnergroupandagainmycircle____32____.Moreopportunitiesforgathering____33____whenourclubmembersplannedafewovernightcyclings.Adventuringbeyondcomforttaughtmemorethancycling—itwascourageastheoilthatkeepslife’swheelsrollingtoward____34____andjoy.Belongingbeginswhere____35____ends.21.A.casually B.desperately C.regularly D.slightly22.A.walked B.inched C.slid D.streamed23.A.amused B.fascinated C.committed D.concerned24.A.trained B.reminded C.pushed D.warned25.A.shookoff B.heldonto C.sufferedfrom D.carriedon26.A.climbed B.dragged C.squeezed D.snaked27.A.merely B.cautiously C.gradually D.leisurely28.A.snack B.repair C.charge D.camp29.A.burning B.smoking C.flowing D.steaming30.A.ignoring B.exploring C.spreading D.protecting31.A.honest B.comfortable C.anxious D.patient32.A.expanded B.collapsed C.remained D.rolled33.A.slipped B.delayed C.changed D.surfaced34.A.freedom B.connection C.integrity D.kindness35.A.tiredness B.embarrassment C.loneliness D.disappointment【答案】21.B22.D23.B24.C25.A26.D27.C28.A29.D30.B31.B32.A33.D34.B35.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者作为北方新人在南方社区感到孤独，后加入骑行俱乐部，在骑行中结交朋友，拓展社交圈，收获归属感的故事。【21题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我极度渴望交新朋友。A.casually随意地；B.desperately极度地、渴望地；C.regularly有规律地；D.slightly轻微地。根据上文“Iknewnooneandwasfeelingveryoutofplaceandlonely.”可知，作者不认识任何人，感到孤独，所以极度渴望交新朋友，故选B。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天早上，一群骑自行车的人川流不息地经过——他们穿着深色短裤、亮色衬衫，笑声如铃铛般飘荡。A.walked步行；B.inched缓慢移动；C.slid滑动；D.streamed川流不息地行进。根据下文“darkshorts,brightshirts,laughterfloatinglikebells.”可知，此处在描述一群骑自行车的人经过的场景，用streamed表示他们接连不断地经过，故选D。【23题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我虽然犹豫，但被吸引了，手指顺着报纸上的标题“欢迎新骑手”移动。A.amused逗乐的；B.fascinated被吸引的；C.committed坚定的；D.concerned担忧的。根据下文“Iletmyfingerfollowtheheadlineonnewspaper:“NewRidersWelcome.””可知，作者被标题吸引，手指顺着标题移动，故选B。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我通常不会参加一个我谁都不认识的活动，但我逼自己参加了一个组织聚会。A.trained训练；B.reminded提醒；C.pushed逼迫；D.warned警告。根据上文“ItisnotlikemetojoinsomethingwhereIknownoone,”和转折词“but”可知，虽然作者不习惯参加不认识人的活动，但还是逼自己参加了聚会，故选C。【25题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在第一次聚会上，我摆脱了羞涩，开始和两个骑自行车的人交谈。A.shookoff摆脱；B.heldonto紧紧抓住；C.sufferedfrom遭受；D.carriedon继续。根据下文“myshynessandstartedaconversationwithtwocyclists.”可知，作者开始交谈，说明作者摆脱了羞涩，故选A。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们像一条摇摇晃晃的蜈蚣一样，蜿蜒穿过安静的社区小路。A.climbed爬；B.dragged拖；C.squeezed挤压；D.snaked蜿蜒前行。根据下文“likeawobblingcentipede(摇晃的蜈蚣).”可知，此处描述的是队伍像蜈蚣一样蜿蜒前行，故选D。【27题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：很快，我们每周骑行三次，逐渐增加距离和速度。A.merely仅仅；B.cautiously谨慎地；C.gradually逐渐地；D.leisurely悠闲地。根据下文“increasingourdistanceandspeed”以及常识可知，骑行的距离和速度是逐渐增加的，故选C。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：停下来吃点心成了我们的惯例，我们很快采用了我们的口号：“我们骑车为了吃。”A.snack吃点心；B.repair修理；C.charge充电；D.camp露营。根据下文“becameourroutineandwesoonadoptedourslogan,“Webikeforfood.””可知，口号表明他们骑车是为了吃，所以此处表示停下来吃点心成了惯例，故选A。【29题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我们坐在那里，边喝着热气腾腾的咖啡边聊天时，深厚的友谊开始形成。A.burning燃烧的；B.smoking冒烟的（通常指物体冒烟，不形容咖啡）；C.flowing流动的；D.steaming冒热气的。根据下文“coffee”以及常识可知，此处描述的是热气腾腾的咖啡，用steaming表示咖啡冒热气，故选D。【30题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，我们发现了许多其他共同的兴趣，并开始一起探索它们。A.ignoring忽视；B.exploring探索；C.spreading传播；D.protecting保护。根据上文“manyothersharedinterestsemerged”可知，发现了共同兴趣后，大家开始一起探索，故选B。【31题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在，和几个骑行俱乐部的成员相处得很舒服后，我决定参加他们的一些社交活动。A.honest诚实的；B.comfortable舒服的；C.anxious焦虑的；D.patient耐心的。根据下文“Idecidedtoattendahandfuloftheirsocialevents”可知，作者决定参加社交活动，说明作者和成员相处得很舒服，故选B。【32题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这些聚会中，形成了一个小型晚餐小组，我的社交圈再次扩大了。A.expanded扩大；B.collapsed倒塌；C.remained保持；D.rolled滚动。根据上文“Outofthesegatheringsgrewasmalldinnergroup”可知，形成了晚餐小组，说明作者的社交圈扩大了，故选A。【33题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们的俱乐部成员计划了几次过夜骑行时，更多的聚会机会出现了。A.slipped滑倒；B.delayed延迟；C.changed改变；D.surfaced出现，显露。根据下文“whenourclubmembersplannedafewovernightcyclings”可知，俱乐部成员计划几次过夜骑