《工业分析 Industrial Analysis》课件-固体采样工具与采样方法（双语）

项目四：肥料分析任务一：固体样品采样方法固体样品采样工具与采样方法课程：工业分析中文Scenario4:FertilizerAnalysisTask1:SamplingmethodforsolidsamplesSamplingtoolsandmethodsforsolidsamplesCourse:IndustrialAnalysisEglish

一、固体样品采样工具固体存在形态粉末状颗粒状表面坚硬的固体固体一般均匀性较差，存在形态不同，使用的采样工具也有差异，同时注意取样有代表性中文

一、SamplingtoolsforsolidsamplesTheformofsolidexistencethestateofsomethingwhichlikepowdergraininessAsolidwithahardsurfaceSolidsgenerallyhavepooruniformity,andthesamplingtoolsusedduringsamplingmayvaryduetotheirdifferentshapes.Atthesametime,itisimportanttoensurethatthecollectedsamplesarerepresentativeEglish可采集粉末状、小颗粒状、块状固体样品，一般从物料堆表面采集样品取样铲中文Thesamplingshovelcancollectpowder,smallparticle,andblocksolidsamples,usuallycollectedfromthesurfaceofthematerialpileSamplingshovelEglish取样探子适用于粉末、小颗粒、小晶体等固体化工产品采样，可深入样品内部采集样品。采样探子分为末端开口的采样探子、末端封闭的采样探子、窗口关闭式采样探子和布袋式采样探子。末端封闭式布袋式可封闭式中文SamplingprobeThesamplingprobeissuitableforsamplingsolidchemicalproductssuchaspowders,smallparticles,andsmallcrystals,andcancollectsamplesdeepinsidethesample.Samplingprobesaredividedintoendopeningsamplingprobes,endclosedsamplingprobes,windowclosedsamplingprobes,andbagsamplingprobes.endclosedsamplingprobebagsamplingprobewindowclosedsamplingprobeEglish取样钻：由金属圆筒和旋转钻头组成，适用于较坚硬的固体采样中文Samplingdrill:composedofametalcylinderandarotatingdrillbit,suitableforsamplinghardersolidsEglish3、确定采取样品的方法一般采样程序为：1、确定采取的样品数2、确定采取的样品量

二、采样方法中文3.DeterminethemethodoftakingsamplesThegeneralsamplingprocedureis:1.Determinethenumberofsamplestobetaken2.Determinethesamplesizetobetaken

二、SamplingmethodEglish1、采样单元数的确定（1）单元物料

采样单元数n的确定(N为总件数）:

单元数＞500时，按n=3×单元数＜500时，按照规定件数取样中文1.Determinationofthenumberofsamplingunits（1）UnitmaterialDeterminationofthenumberofsamplingunitsn(Nisthetotalnumberofpieces):Whenthenumberofunits>500,

Whenthenumberofunitsislessthan500,takesamplesaccordingtothespecifiednumberofpiecesEglish总体物料单元选取的最少单元总体物料单元选取的最少单元1~10全部单元182~2161811~4911217~2541950~6412255~2962065~8113297~3432182~10114344~39422102~12515395~45023126~15116451~50024152~18117采样单元数的规定中文OverallmaterialunitOverallmaterialunitMinimumunitsselectedMinimumunitsselectedTotalunitsRegulationsonthenumberofsamplingunitsEglish当物料量少于2.5t，采样量为7个单元（或点）当物料量为2.5~80t时，采样量单元为当物料量大于80t，采样为40个单元（2）散装物料中文Whenthematerialquantityislessthan2.5t,thesamplingquantityis7units(orpoints)Whenthematerialquantityis2.5-80t,thesamplingunitisWhenthematerialquantityisgreaterthan80t,thenumberofsamplingunitsis40（2）bulkmaterialsEglish对采得的样品如需要制样处理时，必须满足加工处理的需要2、样品量的确定满足以下要求满足三次重复检测用量当需要留存备考样品时，满足备考样品量中文Ifsamplepreparationandprocessingarerequiredforthecollectedsamples,theymustmeettheprocessingrequirements2、DeterminationofsamplesizeMeetthefollowingrequirements:SatisfytheusageofthreerepeatedtestsWhenitisnecessarytoretainpreparationsamples,theamountofpreparationsamplesmustbemetEglishT-采样的质量间隔Q-样品批量，tn-采样的单元数3、采样方法的确定（1）从物料流中采样用合适采样器随机或按一定时间间隔采样，如按时间间隔采样，采样的质量间隔T为：中文T-qualityintervalforsamplingQ-thetotalamountofabatchofsamples,tn-numberofsampledunits3、Determinationofsamplingmethod（1）SamplingfrommaterialflowWhensamplinginthematerialflow,useasuitablesamplertorandomlyoratacertaintimeintervalforsampling.Ifsamplingisdoneatatimeinterval,thequalityintervalTforsamplingis:Eglish布点时首末两个点距车角至少1米，其他点平均布置取样点布置在运输工具的对角线上，可以用三点法、五点法布置采样点。三点法五点法（2）从运输工具中采样中文Whenarrangingpoints,thefirstandlasttwopointsshouldbeatleast1meterawayfromthecornerofthecar,andtheotherpointsshouldbeevenlyarrangedonthediagonalThesamplingpointsarearrangedonthediagonalofthetransportationvehicle,andcanbearrangedusingthethree-pointmethodorthefivepointmethod.three-pointmethodfivepointmethod（2）SamplingfromtransportationvehiclesEglish（3）从物料堆中采样根据物料堆的形状和子样的数目，将取样点分布在堆的顶部、腰部、底部（底部距地面0.5m）采样时先除去0.2m的表层再采样中文（3）SamplingfrommaterialpileAccordingtot