浙江省联盟2025-2026学年高一上学期11月期中考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1浙江省联盟2025-2026学年高一上学期11月期中英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AIsittimetostartthinkingaboutchoosingyourGCSEsubjects?Notsurewheretogetstarted?HereisahelpfulguidetoanswersomeofyourmostfrequentlyaskedquestionsaboutGCSEsubjects.AretherecompulsoryGCSEsubjects?IntheUK,someGCSEsubjectsarecompulsoryandyoumusttakethem.Theseare:●Science(usuallybrokendownintothethreeindividualsciences:Biology,ChemistryandPhysics—butthisbreakdowncandifferbetweenschoolsandabilitygroups).●Mathematics●English—EnglishLiteratureandLanguageSomeschoolsmayalsorequirethatyoutakeaddedsubjectssuchasaModernLanguageorReligiousStudies—somakesureyoucheckwithyourteachersbeforeapplyingforyourGCSEs.HowmanyGCSEsdoyoutake?ThemajorityofstudentsintheUKtakearoundninesubjectsatGCSE,thoughofcoursehowmanyyoutakewilldependuponyourabilityandthechoicesopentoyou.It’snotuncommonforstudentstotaketenorelevenGCSEs,usuallyassubjectspecialisms(专业)suchasFurtherMaths.However,thisshouldonlybeconsideredifyouhaveatrackrecordofworkinghardandkeepingyourfocus.WhataretheGCSEchoicesopentostudents?TherearelotsofGCSEoptionsandmoststudentswillbeabletochoosefromsomeofthefollowing:●AModernForeignLanguage—French,GermanandSpanisharethemostcommonlytaughtlanguages,butsomeschoolsofferotherlanguagessuchasMandarinandRussian.●AHumanitiessubject—suchasHistory,Geography,orreligiousStudies.●Artssubjects—suchasMusic,TheatreStudies,ArtorMediaStudies.●Sports—ThoughitiscompulsorytodoPEinyear10and11,studentscanalsochoosetotakethesubjectasaGCSEsubject.21.Whatsubjectsdostudentshavetotakeinallschools?A.Threesciences. B.MathsandEnglish. C.ReligiousStudies. D.Amodernlanguage.22.WhatdoesthetextsuggestaboutthenumberofGCSEsubjects?A.Nostudentswilltakemorethan10subjects.B.Thereareonlyfivelanguagestochoosefrom.C.Taking10subjectsrequirescertainlearningability.D.Thenumberofchoicesisthesameineveryschool.23.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Acoursebrochure. B.Alibrarynotice. C.Aclubannouncement. D.Anewspaperreport.【答案】21.B22.C23.A【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。该文为英国GCSE选课指南，解答了常见问题：需修英语、数学、科学等必修课（部分学校加现代语言等）的问题。学生通常选9门，也可依能力选10-11门，可选现代外语、人文、艺术、体育等科目。【21题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“IntheUK,someGCSEsubjectsarecompulsoryandyoumusttakethem.(在英国，有些普通中等教育证书课程科目是必修的，你必须参加学习)”以及下文“Mathematics；English(数学；英语)”可知，在所有学校里，学生们都必须学习数学和英语。故选B。【22题详析】细节理解题。根据HowmanyGCSEsdoyoutake?部分“ThemajorityofstudentsintheUKtakearoundninesubjectsatGCSE,thoughofcoursehowmanyyoutakewilldependuponyourabilityandthechoicesopentoyou.(在英国，大多数学生在普通中等教育证书考试中会选修约九门课程，不过具体选修多少科目则取决于个人的能力以及可供选择的课程种类)”可知，要学习完这10个科目需要具备一定的学习能力。故选C。【23题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“IsittimetostartthinkingaboutchoosingyourGCSEsubjects?Notsurewheretogetstarted?HereisahelpfulguidetoanswersomeofyourmostfrequentlyaskedquestionsaboutGCSEsubjects.(是时候开始考虑选择你的GCSE课程科目了？还不知道从哪里开始吗？这里有一份有用的指南，能解答你关于GCSE课程科目的一些常见问题)”可知，该文为英国GCSE选课指南，解答了常见问题：需修英语、数学、科学等必修课（部分学校加现代语言等）的问题。学生通常选9门，也可依能力选10-11门，可选现代外语、人文、艺术、体育等科目。可知，文章选自一份课程手册。故选A。BTheEatonFirewasoneofthewildfirescausingdestructioninLosAngelesCounty,inCalifornia.AveryColvert,14,createdAltadenaGirls,arecoveryfundforteensaffectedbythefire.Averyneverthoughtthefundwouldspreadrapidlyonline.Butlessthan24hoursafteritscreation,itdidjustthat.Celebrities(名人)startedpostingaboutAltadenaGirlsonsocialmedia.Thedonationsstartedcominginbythetruckload.“Oh,myGod.”AverytoldTIMEinanemailonJanuary11.“It’scrazyhere.”Avery’sfamilyhomesurvivedtheEatonFire,butmostofherfriendslosteverything.“There’smaybeasmallhandfulofpeopleIknowwhosehousesarespared,”shesaid,duringaFaceTimecall.ManyofAvery’sfriendshadtoevacuate(撤离)inthemiddleofthenightwithonlytheclothesontheirbacks:pajamas.“Iimaginemyownbedroom,andIamthinkingabouthowmyclothes,makeup,andshoe—everythingismyidentityandit’smysenseofself,”shesaid.“It’sthesamethingforallofmyfriends.”Averyknewherfriendswouldbegivennecessities,suchasfoodandwater.Shedecidedtocollectandhandoutitemsthatwouldhelpgirls“gettheirconfidenceback.”OnJanuary10,AveryandherstepdaddesignedalogoandstartedanInstagramaccount.Thenextday,Averypostedabouttheproject.Thepagetookoff.TrucksloadedwithdonationsarrivedattheplacewhereAveryandherfamilywerestayinguntilairqualityimproved.Volunteersshowedup,readytowork.Bytheendoftheday,severalclothingbrandshadreachedouttohelp.“WhenIhadthisidea,Icouldn’teventhinkabouthowbigthiswouldbe,”Averysaid.“WhileI’mtakingdonations,organizingitems,myphoneisjustcompletelyblowingup.”Truly,thisyoungperson’skindheartsparkedapowerfulwaveofhelpforthoseinneed.24.Whathappenedwithin24hoursofAltadenaGirls’creation?A.Thefundgainedquickattention. B.Avery’shousewasquicklyexplored.C.MediarushedtointerviewAvery. D.Celebritiesdonatedonsocialmedia.25.WhydidAverystarttheproject?A.Herstepfatherencouragedhertodoso.B.Socialmediapushedhertodorecoverywork.C.Shewantedtohelprebuildfriends’senseofself.D.Shewantedtoprovidenecessitiesforherfriends.26.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeAvery?A.Caringandthoughtful. B.Honestandresponsible.C.Curiousandcautious. D.Independentandoutgoing.27.WhatcanwelearnfromAvery’sstory?A.Thebestmirrorisanoldfriend. B.Asmallkindactcangoreallyfar.C.Greattroubletestsone’spatience. D.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.【答案】24.A25.C26.A27.B【语篇解读】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了14岁的埃弗里・科尔弗特为受伊顿山火影响的青少年创立了“阿尔塔迪纳女孩”救助基金，通过社交媒体迅速获得广泛关注和大量捐赠，帮助朋友重建自信和身份认同。【24题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Averyneverthoughtthefundwouldspreadrapidlyonline.Butlessthan24hoursafteritscreation,itdidjustthat.CelebritiesstartedpostingaboutAltadenaGirlsonsocialmedia.Thedonationsstartedcominginbythetruckload.(埃弗里从未想过该基金会在网上迅速传播。但在创建后不到24小时，它就做到了。名人开始在社交媒体上发布关于‘阿尔塔迪纳女孩’的帖子。捐款也源源不断地涌来。)”可知，“阿尔塔迪纳女孩”基金会创建后不到24小时就迅速受到关注。故选A。【25题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“‘Iimaginemyownbedroom,andIamthinkingabouthowmyclothes,makeup,andshoe—everythingismyidentityandit’smysenseofself,’shesaid.‘It’sthesamethingforallofmyfriends.’(她说：‘我想象自己的卧室，我在想我的衣服、化妆品和鞋子——一切都是我的身份，是我的自我认同感。’她说道，‘对我所有的朋友来说都是一样的。’)”及第四段中“Averyknewherfriendswouldbegivennecessities,suchasfoodandwater.Shedecidedtocollectandhandoutitemsthatwouldhelpgirls‘gettheirconfidenceback.’(埃弗里知道她的朋友们会得到必需品，比如食物和水。她决定收集并分发一些物品，帮助女孩们‘重拾信心’。)”可知，埃弗里开始这个活动的原因是想要帮助朋友重建自我认同感。故选C。【26题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Averyknewherfriendswouldbegivennecessities,suchasfoodandwater.Shedecidedtocollectandhandoutitemsthatwouldhelpgirls‘gettheirconfidenceback.’(埃弗里知道她的朋友们会得到必需品，比如食物和水。她决定收集并分发一些物品，帮助女孩们‘重拾信心’。)”并结合全文可知，埃弗里看到朋友因火灾失去所有、失去自我认同，主动发起基金帮她们重建信心，不仅满足基本生存需求，更关注朋友的精神重建，体现出其关爱的、考虑周到的品质。故选A。【27题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Truly,thisyoungperson’skindheartsparkedapowerfulwaveofhelpforthoseinneed.(真的，这位年轻人善良的心激发了对有需要的人的强大帮助。)”结合全文可知，埃弗里最初只是想帮身边朋友，一个小小的善举却通过网络迅速传播，引发名人关注、大量捐款和志愿者参与，帮助了更多有需要的人。由此可推知，埃弗里的故事告诉我们“微小的善意可能产生深远影响。”故选B。CFormostofthetraditionalrestaurants,itischallengingtodealwiththeincreasingnumberofcustomers.ButforLiXianghui’srestaurants,thingsaredifferent.Owningfourrestaurants,Liboughtanumberofcookingmachines,whichcanoperatetirelesslydayandnight.Packedinboxes,alldishesaresemi-finished(半加工的)andcanbeservedwithinminutesaftertheyareputintothemachines.Automation(自动化)isthefutureofthefoodserviceindustry.Itcanreducelaborcostpressureintraditionalrestaurantsandimproveefficiency.Besides,automatedequipmentfollowscertainsetprocesses,whichcanmakesureofthesametasteforeachorder.Thecookingmachinecanmakeabout2,000recipes(食谱),accordingtoLi.Onceseated,customersscanaQRcode(二维码)anduseanapptomaketheirmealselectionandpay.Withtheonlywaiterputtingthesemi-finishedfoodkitintothemachine,themealwillbeservedinminutes.What’sworthmentioningisthattherobot“cook”hasattractedanincreasingnumberofcustomerssincetherestaurant’sopening,asmanycustomerssaythetasteisgoodandthepriceisnotexpensive.ResearchersfromtheUniversityofCambridgehavetrainedtheirrobot“cook”tomakeajudgementaboutthesaltinessofadishatdifferentstagesofthechewing(咀嚼)process,likeasimilarprocessinhumans,accordingtotheirresearchpublishedinthejournalFrontiersinRoboticsandAI.Theirresultscouldbeusefulinthedevelopmentofautomatedorsemi-automatedfoodpreparationbyhelpingrobotstolearnwhattastesgoodandwhatdoesn’t,makingthembetter“cooks”.“Ifrobotsaretobeusedforcertainaspectsoffoodpreparation,it’simportantthattheyareableto“taste”whatthey’recooking,”saidGrzegorzSozacki,thepaper’sfirstauthor.28.HowdoestheauthorintroduceLi’srestaurantinparagraph1?A.Bylistingnumbers. B.Bygivingexamples.C.Bymakingacontrast. D.Byquotingsomeone’swords.29.Whatfeatureofthecookingmachineshelpsensurethesamedishtaste?A.Theycanworklongwithoutrest. B.Theyfollowfixedoperatingsteps.C.Theycanmake2,000differentrecipes. D.Theyworkwithsemi-finishedfoodkits.30.Whatisthemainattractionfortherestaurant’scustomers?A.Itswidevarietyofdishchoices. B.Itsconvenienceinplacingorders.C.Itshighpopularityontheinternet. D.Itsdeliciousfoodatreasonableprices.31.WhatisthemainpurposeoftheresearchbyUniversityofCambridgeresearchers?A.Toenablerobotstochecktheflavor. B.Toreducerobots’operationcosts.C.Totrainrobotstocookmoredishes. D.Toimproverobots’cookingtime.【答案】28.C29.B30.D31.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了自动化烹饪设备在餐饮行业的应用优势及剑桥大学相关技术研究进展。【28题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Formostofthetraditionalrestaurants,itischallengingtodealwiththeincreasingnumberofcustomers.ButforLiXianghui’srestaurants,thingsaredifferent.(对于大多数传统餐厅来说，应对日益增多的顾客是一项挑战。但对于李向辉的餐厅来说，情况却不同)”可知，作者通过将传统餐厅的困境与李向辉餐厅的情况进行对比，引出下文对自动化烹饪设备的介绍。故选C项。【29题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Besides,automatedequipmentfollowscertainsetprocesses,whichcanmakesureofthesametasteforeachorder.(此外，自动化设备遵循特定的固定流程，这能确保每份订单的口味一致)”可知，烹饪设备遵循固定操作步骤的特点，有助于保证菜品口味统一。故选B项。【30题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“What’sworthmentioningisthattherobot‘cook’hasattractedanincreasingnumberofcustomerssincetherestaurant’sopening,asmanycustomerssaythetasteisgoodandthepriceisnotexpensive.(值得一提的是，自餐厅开业以来，机器人“厨师”吸引了越来越多的顾客，因为许多顾客表示味道不错，价格也不贵)”可知，餐厅对顾客的主要吸引力是美味的食物和合理的价格。故选D项。【31题详析】推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Theirresultscouldbeusefulinthedevelopmentofautomatedorsemi-automatedfoodpreparationbyhelpingrobotstolearnwhattastesgoodandwhatdoesn’t,makingthembetter‘cooks’.(他们的研究结果有助于自动化或半自动化食物制备的发展，帮助机器人了解什么好吃、什么不好吃，使它们成为更好的“厨师”)”可知，剑桥大学研究人员的主要目的是让机器人能够检测食物的风味。故选A项。DIntheUK,memorialchairsareauniqueandgreatwaytorememberpeople,oftenusedtorememberthedead,honorimportantpersons,ormarkspecialevents.Thisculturecombinesusefuleverydayobjectswithmemorialmeanings,savingmemoriesoftheonewhopassedawayinagentlewaythatavoidsthepossibleheavinessoftraditionalmonuments(纪念碑、堂).Memorialchairsareusedinawiderangeofplaces:inpublicspacessuchascommunityparks,libraries,schools,orchurches,itiscommontoseechairsengraved(刻上)withthenameofthedead,theirbirthanddeathyears,andashortmessage(e.g.“Abelovedsoul”or“Foreverremembered”).Forexample,someschoolsplacememorialchairsforteacherswhodidgreatthings,allowingstudentsandvisitorstoremembertheirworkwhileresting.Insomecities,seasidewalksorparksalsohavesuchchairs,givenbythefamiliesofthosewhodied.Thewordswrittenontheseatorbackrestallowrelativesandfriendstoshowtheirlove,andevenstrangerspassingbycansensethestoriesbehindthem.ThepopularityofthispracticemainlycomesfromwhattheBritishbelievein—“quietremembering”and“continuityoflife”.Memorialchairsarenotseparatefromdailylifebutpartofit.Peoplemaycomeacrossthesemessageswhileusingthechairs,lettingmemoriesliveonineverydaymoments,whilealsoaddingahumantouchtopublicspaces.Besides,thesechairsareusuallymadetolookniceandbepractical,oftenmadeofstrongwoodormetal,sotheycanlastlongandfitwellwiththeenvironment.Inrecentyears,thecultureofmemorialchairshasrichermeanings.Besidesrememberingindividuals,somechairsareusedtoremembergroupeventssuchassoldierswhodiedinwarsorpeoplelostinpublichealthincidents,becomingawaytobringpeopletogetherandpassonhistoricalmemories.Thisclevermixingofmemoryandusefulness,personalfeelingsandpublicspaces,makesBritain’smemorialchairculturebothuniqueandfullofwarmth.32.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“heaviness”inparagraph1?A.Weight. B.Awkwardness. C.Burden. D.Sadness.33.Whatisthefunctionofthewordsonmemorialchairs?A.Addingbeautytochairs. B.Passingdownhistoricevents.C.Linkingpeopletopaststories. D.Offeringabetterrestexperience.34.WhatisthemajorreasonforthememorialchairsbeingpopularintheUK?A.Theyfitpublicspaces. B.Theyaremadebeautiful.C.Theylastforalongtime. D.Theyshowpeople’sbeliefs.35.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Designsformemorialchairs. B.UK’smemorialchairculture.C.Popularityofmemorialchairs. D.Publicspaceswithmemorialchairs.【答案】32.D33.C34.D35.B【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了英国纪念椅文化的独特之处，包括其功能、摆放场所、设计理念以及近年来的发展，体现了英国人“静默纪念”和“生命延续”的价值观。【32题详析】词句猜测题。根据画线单词所在句“Thisculturecombinesusefuleverydayobjectswithmemorialmeanings,savingmemoriesoftheonewhopassedawayinagentlewaythatavoidsthepossibleheavinessoftraditionalmonuments.(这种文化将有用的日常物品与纪念意义相结合，以一种温和的方式保存了对已故者的记忆，避免了传统纪念碑可能带来的_____。)”可知，这是一种轻松温和的纪念方式，与传统的纪念碑的悲伤沉重感相对应，因此可推知，画线词heaviness意为“沉重感，悲伤感”，与选项D“sadness(悲伤，悲痛)”意思接近。故选D。【33题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Thewordswrittenontheseatorbackrestallowrelativesandfriendstoshowtheirlove,andevenstrangerspassingbycansensethestoriesbehindthem.(座位或靠背上的文字让亲戚和朋友表达爱意，即使是路过的陌生人也能感受到他们背后的故事。)”可知，纪念椅上的文字的作用是建立人们与逝者故事的关联。故选C。【34题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“ThepopularityofthispracticemainlycomesfromwhattheBritishbelievein—‘quietremembering’and‘continuityoflife’.(这一做法的流行主要源于英国人的信仰——‘静默纪念’和‘生命延续’)”可知，纪念椅在英国流行的主要原因是因为它们展示了人们的信仰。故选D。【35题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段中“IntheUK,memorialchairsareauniqueandgreatwaytorememberpeople,oftenusedtorememberthedead,honorimportantpersons,ormarkspecialevents.(在英国，纪念椅是一种独特而伟大的方式来纪念人们，通常用于纪念死者、纪念重要人物或纪念特殊事件。)”及最后一段中“Thisclevermixingofmemoryandusefulness,personalfeelingsandpublicspaces,makesBritain’smemorialchairculturebothuniqueandfullofwarmth.(这种记忆与实用、个人情感与公共空间的巧妙融合，使英国的纪念椅文化既独特又充满温情。)”结合全文可知，文章主要围绕“英国纪念长椅文化”展开。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。There’saChinesesayingthatgoes:“Ifyouwanthappinessforanhour,takeanap.Ifyouwanthappinessforaday,gofishing.Ifyouwanthappinessforayear,inherit(继承)afortune.____36____”Forthousandsofyears,thegreatestthinkershavesuggestedthesamething:Happinessisfoundinhelpingothers.Scientificresearchprovidesdatatosupporttheideathathelpingothersmaybethesecrettolivingahappierandhealthierlife.Givingcanfeelgreat.____37____Plus,themoreyougive,themoreyoustandtogainpurpose,meaning,andhappiness.Followthesetips:Findyourpassion.It’snothowmuchyougive.It’showmuchloveyouputintogiving.Youmightcareaboutonecausemorethanothers,andthat’sokay.Supportthecausethatfeelsrightforyou.Giveyourtime.Thegiftoftimeisoftenmorevaluabletothereceiver,andmoresatisfyingtothegiver,thanthegiftofmoney.____38____Wecangivesomeofthistimetohelpothers—whetherafewhourseachday,orafewdayseachyear.Givetogroupswithcleargoals.MichaelNorton,aprofessoratHarvardBusinessSchool,inMassachusetts,saysthat“givingtoacausethatspecifieswhatthey’regoingtodowithyourmoneyorserviceleadstomorehappiness.”____39____“Selflessgiving...easilybecomesoverwhelming,”psychologistAdamGrantsays.Headvisesgivingtoothers,butkeepingyourpersonalandemotionalneedsinmind.Youmattertoo!Beactiveinactivities.___40___.Thinkaboutyourdailyschedule—evenafewhourseachweekcanmakeadifference.Forexample,ifyouvalueacleanenvironment,givingafewhourseachmonthtolocalclean-upefforts(likecommunitytrash-pickupevents)canhelpalot.A.Don’tforgetaboutyourself.B.Lovethecauseyouchoose.C.Setasidetimetoserveyourcommunity.D.Thekeyistofindtheapproachthatworksforyou.E.Ifyouwanthappinessforalifetime,helpsomebody.F.Andaswelearnearly,it’sbettertogivethantoreceive.G.Wedon’tallhavethesameamountofmoney,butweallhavetime.【答案】36.E37.F38.G39.A40.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过引用中国谚语和科学研究，阐述了“助人为乐”是获得持久幸福的秘诀，并提供了如何通过帮助他人来获得幸福的具体建议。【36题详析】由上文“Ifyouwanthappinessforanhour,takeanap.Ifyouwanthappinessforaday,gofishing.Ifyouwanthappinessforayear,inheritafortune.(如果你想快乐一小时，打个盹。如果你想快乐一天，去钓鱼。如果你想快乐一年，继承一笔财富)”可知，这是一个排比结构，按照时间维度(一小时、一天、一年)递进。本空需要延续这个结构，给出能获得“一生”快乐的方式。E选项“Ifyouwanthappinessforalifetime,helpsomebody.(如果你想快乐一生，就去帮助别人)”能完美承接上文，完成从短暂快乐到终身幸福的逻辑递进，并直接点明文章“助人即幸福”的核心主旨。故选E。【37题详析】由上文“Givingcanfeelgreat.(给予能让人感觉很好)”以及下文“Plus,themoreyougive,themoreyoustandtogainpurpose,meaning,andhappiness.(而且，你给予的越多，你就有望获得更多的目标、意义和幸福)”可知，本空需要进一步阐述“给予”带来的积极感受，起到承上启下的作用。F选项“Andaswelearnearly,it’sbettertogivethantoreceive.(正如我们很早就学到的，给予比接受更好)”能承接上文“给予能让人感觉很好”的观点，并用一句广为人知的谚语“it’sbettertogivethantoreceive”加以强化，与下文的“给予越多收获越多”紧密衔接。故选F。【38题详析】由上文“Thegiftoftimeisoftenmorevaluabletothereceiver,andmoresatisfyingtothegiver,thanthegiftofmoney.(对于接受者来说，时间的礼物往往比金钱的礼物更有价值，给予者也更满意)”可知，本段核心是论述“付出时间”的价值。本空需要解释为什么时间是我们可以付出的宝贵资源。G选项“Wedon’tallhavethesameamountofmoney,butweallhavetime.(我们拥有的金钱数量不尽相同，但我们所有人都拥有时间)”通过对比金钱，强调了“时间”是每个人都拥有的、可以平等付出的资源，从而为下文“Wecangivesomeofthistimetohelpothers(我们可以拿出一些时间去帮助别人)”的倡议提供了逻辑基础。故选G。【39题详析】由下文“‘Selflessgiving...easilybecomesoverwhelming,’psychologistAdamGrantsays.Headvisesgivingtoothers,butkeepingyourpersonalandemotionalneedsinmind.Youmattertoo!(‘无私的给予……很容易变得让人难以承受，’心理学家AdamGrant说。他建议给予他人，但要记住你自己的个人和情感需求。你也很重要！)”可知，本段的核心建议是：在帮助他人时，要注意平衡，不能忽略自我。A选项“Don’tforgetaboutyourself.(不要忘记你自己)”能准确地概括本段主旨，作为段首主题句，与下文的专家引语和详细解释吻合。故选A。【40题详析】由上文“Beactiveinactivities.(积极参与活动)”以及下文“Thinkaboutyourdailyschedule—evenafewhourseachweekcanmakeadifference.(想想你的日常安排——即使每周几小时也会有所不同。)”可知，本空要说的是对“积极参与”这一宽泛概念的具体化阐述，C选项“Setasidetimetoserveyourcommunity.(留出时间为你的社区服务)”能承上启下，符合题意，该选项中的“serveyourcommunity”将“activities”的范围具体化为社区服务，且该选项中的“Setasidetime(留出时间)”与下文的“Thinkaboutyourdailyschedule(想想你的日常安排)”，“afewhourseachweek(每周几个小时)”以及“afewhourseachmonth(每月几个小时)”相呼应。此外，下文的例子“likecommunitytrash-pickupevents(比如社区垃圾收集活动)”是典型的社区服务，与“serveyourcommunity”相符。故选C。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。ThefireracedthroughLahainalastAugustsofastthatitkilled100peopleanddestroyedmorethan2,200buildings.Itleftmorethan7,000peoplewithouttheirbelongingsandin____41____ofhomes.Thatafternoon,KalynLepre,a36-year-oldadvisor,____42____everythinginherhouseincludingsevensurfboards.Lepresurfedalmosteveryday;surfingwasasourceofjoyandameansto____43____hermentalhealth.Seeinghersurfboards____44____toapileoftrash—especiallyhercustom(定制的)longboard—was___45___.“Iwassoinlovewiththatboard,”shesaid.JudLau,a53-year-oldMauinative,whohadbeen____46____thewavessincehewasateenager,understood.Heknewthe____47____ofagoodsurfboard.“Asurfboardispartofyourwholebeing—especiallyinHawaii,wheresurfingfirststarted,”hesaid.So,wantingtohelpthe____48____insomeway,hestartedthinkingaboutallthesurferswhohadlosttheirboards.JudLausaid,“Surfingisa____49____thingforsurfers—gettingintheocean,_____50_____MotherNatureandbringingjoytolife.”Laustartedbycontactingpeoplewhowantedto_____51_____extraboardstothosewhohadlosttheirs.Laualso_____52_____cashdonations—about$20,000—tocoverthecostofmaterialsformakingcustomboardsto____53____.Lepretoldhimwhatshe’dlost,andhemadeherahigh-performance_____54_____withasunsetonit.“Gettingbackinthewaterwasoneofthemostpowerful_____55_____ofmylife,”saidLepre,emotionwellingupinhervoice.41.A.memory B.support C.need D.place42.A.ended B.viewed C.recovered D.lost43.A.damage B.keep C.drop D.recognize44.A.reduced B.gathered C.developed D.applied45.A.exciting B.sad C.boring D.impressive46.A.watching B.fearing C.avoiding D.riding47.A.content B.focus C.value D.change48.A.sufferers B.tourists C.designers D.hosts49.A.tiring B.comforting C.confusing D.surprising50.A.separatingfrom B.fightingagainst C.connectingto D.lookingafter51.A.donate B.transport C.rent D.lend52.A.wasted B.spent C.saved D.raised53.A.pickup B.giveaway C.putaway D.makeup54.A.board B.photo C.model D.drawing55.A.plans B.habits C.moments D.exchanges【答案】41.C42.D43.B44.A45.B46.D47.C48.A49.B50.C51.A52.D53.B54.A55.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了夏威夷拉海纳大火后，冲浪爱好者KalynLepre失去心爱的冲浪板，另一位冲浪者JudLau理解这种心情，于是发起捐赠计划，为失去冲浪板的人筹集二手冲浪板，并筹得2万美元捐款定制冲浪板。【41题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：超过7000人失去了他们的财物，急需住所。A.memory记忆；B.support支持；C.need需要；D.place地方。根据上文“ThefireracedthroughLahainalastAugustsofastthatitkilled100peopleanddestroyedmorethan2,200buildings.”可知，大火摧毁了很多座建筑，因此是指急需住所。故选C。【42题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天下午，36岁的顾问KalynLepre失去了家里的一切，包括七块冲浪板。A.ended结束；B.viewed观看；C.recovered恢复；D.lost失去。根据上文“Itleftmorethan7,000peoplewithouttheirbelongings”可知，大火导致超过7000人失去了他们的财物，因此是指失去了家里的一切。故选D。【43题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Lepre几乎每天都冲浪；冲浪是她快乐的源泉，也是她保持精神健康的一种方式。A.damage损坏；B.keep保持；C.drop掉落；D.recognize认出。根据上文“surfingwasasourceofjoy”可知，冲浪是Lepre快乐的源泉，因此是指保持精神健康的一种方式。故选B。【44题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到她的冲浪板沦为一堆垃圾——尤其是她定制的长板——她很伤心。A.reduced使降至；B.gathered收集；C.developed发展；D.applied应用。根据下文“toapileoftrash”可知，Lepre的冲浪板因为大火沦为一堆垃圾，短语bereducedto意为“沦为”。故选A。【45题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：看到她的冲浪板沦为一堆垃圾——尤其是她定制的长板——她很伤心。A.exciting令人兴奋的；B.sad悲伤的；C.boring无聊的；D.impressive印象深刻的。根据上文“Seeinghersurfboards________toapileoftrash—especiallyhercustom(定制的)longboard”可知，看到自己的冲浪板因为大火成了一堆垃圾会让Lepre伤心。故选B。【46题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：53岁的毛伊岛本地人JudLau从十几岁起就一直在冲浪，他对此表示理解。A.watching观看；B.fearing害怕；C.avoiding避免；D.riding漂浮。根据上文“JudLau,a53-year-oldMauinative”和下文“understood”可知，JudLau能理解Lepre的心情，可推知他也喜爱冲浪，从十几岁起就一直在冲浪，短语ridethewaves意为“随浪漂浮（前行）”。故选D。【47题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他知道一块好的冲浪板的价值。A.content内容；B.focus焦点；C.value价值；D.change改变。根据下文“Asurfboardispartofyourwholebeing—especiallyinHawaii,wheresurfingfirststarted”可知，Lau指出冲浪板是有些人生命的一部分，说明他知道一块好的冲浪板的价值。故选C。【48题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以，他想以某种方式帮助受难者，开始考虑所有丢失冲浪板的冲浪者。A.sufferers受难者；B.tourists游客；C.designers设计师；D.hosts主人。根据下文“allthesurferswhohadlosttheirboards”可知，丢失冲浪板的冲浪者是受难者。故选A。【49题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：JudLau说：“冲浪对冲浪者来说是一件令人欣慰的事情——进入海洋，与大自然母亲连接，给生活带来欢乐。”A.tiring令人疲惫的；B.comforting令人欣慰的；C.confusing令人困惑的；D.surprising令人惊讶的。根据下文“gettingintheocean,________MotherNatureandbringingjoytolife”可知，冲浪可以给冲浪者的生活带来欢乐，因此是件令人欣慰的事情。故选B。【50题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：JudLau说：“冲浪对冲浪者来说是一件令人欣慰的事情——进入海洋，与大自然母亲连接，给生活带来欢乐。”A.separatingfrom与……分离；B.fightingagainst对抗；C.connectingto与……连接；D.lookingafter照顾。根据下文“MotherNatureandbringingjoytolife”可知，冲浪可以给冲浪者的生活带来欢乐，说明是让冲浪者与大自然母亲连接。故选C。【51题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Lau开始联系那些想要捐赠额外冲浪板给那些失去冲浪板的人的人。A.donate捐赠；B.transport运输；C.rent租借；D.lend借出。根据下文“extraboardstothosewhohadlosttheirs”可知，Lau联系的是想把额外冲浪板捐赠出去帮助失去冲浪板的人的人群。故选A。【52题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他还筹集了约2万美元的现金捐款，用于支付要赠送出去的定制冲浪板的材料费用。A.wasted浪费；B.spent花费；C.saved节省；D.raised筹集。根据下文“cashdonations—about$20,000—tocoverthecostofmaterialsformakingcustomboards”可知，想提供帮助的Lau筹集了现金捐款，以支付材料费用。故选D。【53题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他还筹集了约2万美元的现金捐款，用于支付要赠送出去的定制冲浪板的材料费用。A.pickup捡起；B.giveaway赠送；C.putaway收好；D.makeup编造。根据上文“So,wantingtohelpthe________insomeway,hestartedthinkingaboutallthesurferswhohadlosttheirboards.”可知，Lau想帮助丢失冲浪板的冲浪者，因此是要把定制冲浪板赠送出去。故选B。【54题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Lepre告诉他她失去了什么，他给她做了一个高性能的冲浪板，上面有日落的图案。A.board木板；B.photo照片；C.model模型；D.drawing图画。根据下文“Gettingbackinthewater”可知，Lepre再次回到水里，说明Lau给她做了一个高性能的冲浪板。故选A。【55题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“回到水里是我一生中最激动人心的时刻之一，”Lepre说，她的声音里充满了激动。A.plans计划；B.habits习惯；C.moments时刻；D.exchanges交流。根据上文“Gettingbackinthewater”可知，回到水里对于喜爱冲浪的Lepre而言是一生中最激动人心的时刻之一。故选C。第Ⅱ卷（非选择题部分）第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。ComeandseetheamazingTerracottaArmy:morethan8,000life-sizedstatuesweremadeinthethirdcenturyBCE____56____(guard)thetomboftheChineseEmperorQinshihuang,thefirstrulertounifyChina.Eachstatue____57____(have)atotallydifferentface—somewiththickbeards,somewithcalmexpressions,andotherswithsharpgazes,____58____(lead)researcherstobelievethateachoneisatruecopyofarealsoldier____59____onceservedtheemperor.Thestatues,whicharemadeofclay,fillonlyonesmallpartoftheemperor’shugeundergroundtomb.Itstillhasnotbeen____60____(complete)unearthedbecauseofstrictpreservationconcerns.It’srecordedthatmorethan700,000workers,includingskilledcraftsmenandordinaryfarmers,workedfornearly40yearstobuildthisgrandtomb____61____countlessgoldandjadetreasuresinside.___62___,nooneinmoderntimesknewaboutthetombortheterracottastatues____63____1974,whensomelocalfarmersaccidentallydiscoveredthetombwhiletheyweredigging____64____welltogetwaterfortheircrops.TheTerracottaArmyisnowoneoftheworld-famouscultural_____65_____(site)inChinaanddrawsm