河南省天一小高考（二）高三上学期11月月考英语试题

绝密★启用前2025—2026学年（上）高三年级天一小高考（二）英语考生注意：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将考生号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有2分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whereisthewoman?A.Inacar.B.Inadrugstore.C.Inanoffice.2.Howdoesthemanfeel?A.Happy.B.Curious.C.Upset.3.Whatisthemanmostlikely?A.Atourguide.B.Adesigner.C.Anarchitect.4.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Formercoworkers.B.Familymembers.C.Teacherandstudent.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Abook.B.Aclassmate.C.Asaying.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.WhatisEmmareadingnow?A.TheCatcherintheRye.B.PrideandPrejudice.C.TheLittlePrince.7.WhatwillEmmadonext?A.Buyabook.B.Getsomejuice.C.Joinaclub.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whatdidthemanforgettodo?A.Submitphotos.B.Cleanthelab.C.Gotothelibrary.9.Whattimewilltheofficeclose?A.At4:50pm.B.At5:10pm.C.At5:30pm.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.HowmanyadventureshasMikepleted?A.12.B.14.C.20.11.WheredidMikeskydive?A.IntheSwissAlps.B.InHawaii.C.InBarcelona.12.Whatisthewoman’ssuggestion?A.Learnskiing.B.Takeadeserttour.C.Gomountainhiking.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.WhoplayedakeyroleinstartingMatt’sdancingcareer?A.Hiscousin.B.Afamousdancer.C.Adanceschoolteacher.14.WhatdidMatt’steachersprovide?A.Dancevideos.B.Performanceopportunities.C.Freegroupclasses.15.WhatwillMattdothisautumn?A.Presenthisnewshow.B.TraveltoSouthKorea.C.Spendtimewithfamily.16.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Hostingaprogram.B.Planningadanceevent.C.Meetingoneofherfans.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.WhatisAIRECmainlydesignedtodofortheelderly?A.Cleantheirlivingspaces.B.Assistwiththeirdailycaretasks.C.Monitortheiremotionalstates.18.WhywasAIRECdevelopedinJapan?A.Totestnewdevices.B.Tolowermedicalcosts.C.Tosolvecaregivershortages.19.WhichconcerndocriticsraiseaboutAIREC?A.Theenergyuse.B.Thehighprice.C.Theprivacyrisks.20.WhatdoesthespeakerthinkofAIREC?A.Itwillreplacehumansentirely.B.Itwillgainbroaderadoption.C.Itwillfacelegalrestrictions.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ATheFirstTeeusesgolftoteachyouthlifelessonsandleadershipskills.Sessionsincludeafun,groupsettingforyouthages5to18regardlessofbackgroundorpreviousexperience.Teamingupwithexpertsinpositiveyouthdevelopment,TheFirstTeehelpstheyouthwiththesportandevenbeebetterpeople.AYouthProgramUnlikeAnyOtherTheFirstTeeemphasizesNineCoreValues:honesty,integrity,sportsmanship,respect,confidence,responsibility,perseverance,courtesyandjudgment.Throughgolf,yourkidsandteenswilllearnlifeskillslike:·Makingproperintroductions·Managingemotions·Resolvingconflicts·Settingupstepbystepgoals·Planningforthefuture·AppreciatingdiversitySafetyistheprogram’sfocusandwe’lluselimitedflightballsandstandardgolfequipmentundertheguidanceoftrainedcoaches.TheFirstTeeinstructorswillteachtheplayerlevelcurriculum(课程)intheschoolsfromTuesdaytoFriday.TheP.E.teacherswillhaveasetcurriculumtofollowonMondaystopreparethestudentsforwhattheywilllearnthatweek.Ifyoudonotfeelfortablewithyourchildparticipatingintheprogram,pleaseemailtheP.E.teacherdirectlytooptout.Otherwise,wewillassumeyourchildhaspermissiontoparticipateinTheFirstTee—TampaBayprogram.FurtherInformation:·You,theparent/legalguardian,approveparticipationinTheFirstTee—TampaBaysponsoredactivitiesduringthecalendaryear20252026.·Youunderstandandassumetheriskanddangerincidentaltothegameofgolf,including,butnotlimitedto,theriskofyourchildbeinghitbyamisdirectedgolfshotorgolfclub,andtheriskofyourchildcausinginjurytoanotherpersonordamagetothepropertyofanother.1.Whatistheprogram’sprimarygoal?A.Totrainstudentsasadvancedgolfers. B.Toinstructstudentsinlifeskills.C.Tohighlightthesafetyofplayinggolf. D.Topromoteapopularsportlocally.2.Whoisinchargeoftheprocessifstudentsaretowithdrawfromtheprogram?A.TheP.E.teacher. B.TheFirstTeeinstructor.C.Theprogram’ssponsor. D.Thestudents’coach.3.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Ateachingcalendar. B.Areportongolf.C.AP.E.textbook. D.Anoticetoparents.【答案】1.B2.A3.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。TheFirstTee面向518岁青少年开展高尔夫项目，以高尔夫为载体传授九项核心价值观与多种生活技能，强调安全，家长可联系体育老师申请退出，还需知晓相关风险。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“TheFirstTeeusesgolftoteachyouthlifelessonsandleadershipskills.(“第一高尔夫”利用高尔夫运动来向青少年传授生活经验和领导能力)”可知，该计划的主要目标是为学生传授生活技能。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Ifyoudonotfeelfortablewithyourchildparticipatingintheprogram,pleaseemailtheP.E.teacherdirectlytooptout.(如果您觉得您的孩子不宜参加这个项目，请直接给体育老师发邮件，以便取消其参与资格)”可知，如果学生要退出该项目，体育老师负责相关流程。故选A。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“You,theparent/legalguardian,approveparticipationinTheFirstTee—TampaBaysponsoredactivitiesduringthecalendaryear20252026.(·您（即家长/法定监护人）同意在2025至2026年这一年度内参与由“第一高尔夫”——坦帕湾公司赞助的活动)”可知，文章选自一份给家长的通知。故选D。BInthebusycityofIronbridge,Willem,amaninhisseventies,hadbeearegularsight.Oftenwearingawornwoolenhat,hewouldnodgentlytothosewhodroppedacoinhisway.Fordecades,hestayedundertheoldrailwayarch,playingasmallhandturnedorgan—onehehadkeptingoodshapeforyears.Thecheerful,lighttuneswerefamiliartodailymuters(通勤者).Thorawasayoungvisualdesigner.Everyday,shepassedWillemandnoticedfewerandfewerpeopletrulypaidhimanyattention.ShelaunchedherprojectcalledTheIronbridgeOrganGrinder.Shestartedablog,focusingnotjustonWillemhimself,butalsotheorgan’slittleknownhistoryandthedyingartofstreetmusic.Shesharedshortvideosofhimplayingonherblog,mixedwithhisgentlememoriesofhowthecity’ssightsandsoundshadshiftedovertheyears.Herprojectslowlygainedmoreonlinefollowers.Theturningpointcamewhenthecitycouncilplannedtocleanupthearcharea,possiblymakingWillemleavehisusualspot.Thora’sonlinemunityquicklyunitedtohelp.Alocalbusinessmanwhofollowedherblog,inspiredbyWillem’sstory,offeredhisemptydowntownspaceforaspecialmarketonweekends—Willemandhisliveorganmusicwerethecenterpiece,drawingfolkseagertohearhistunesinperson.Theeventwasasurprisesuccess;crowdscamenotjustforlocalgoods,buttoreconnectwithapieceofthecity’slivinghistory.ForThora,theprojectbecamemorethanjusttheactofpreservingoldhistory.“Itstartedasdocumentation,”shesaid,“butbecameabridge—connectingthosewhorememberthismusicwiththosewhoarecurioustolearnaboutit.”Willemnowgotfairlypaidforhisperformancesandfoundrenewedpurpose.Thiseffortshowedthattheonlinemethodsheusedcanhelpprotectpartsofourculture,allowingtheorgan’ssimpletunetoremainpartofthecity’smodernidentity.4.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeWillem?A.Responsible. B.Considerate. C.Consistent. D.Demanding.5.WhatcanbeinferredaboutThorafromparagraph2?A.SheknewWillemverywell. B.SheignoredWillempreviously.C.SheoftenmutedwithWillem. D.SheofferedWillemfinancialhelpfrequently.6.Whydidthelocalbusinessmanoffertheemptyspace?A.Toattractonlinefollowers. B.Toincreasehisbusinessprofit.C.Tofollowcouncilplans. D.Tosupportculturalpreservation.7.Whichstatementwilltheauthorprobablyagreewith?A.Musicisthecoreofcultureprotection.B.Pasthistorycancoexistwithpresentdaylife.C.Digitaltoolscontributetodevelopingmodernity.D.Streetmusicnowneedsmodernappealbadly.【答案】4.C5.A6.D7.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。七十多岁的Willem数十年在铁桥市演奏街头风琴，设计师Thora发起项目记录其故事与濒危艺术，借线上力量帮他获得固定演出场地，让传统音乐融入现代城市生活。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Fordecades,hestayedundertheoldrailwayarch,playingasmallhandturnedorgan—onehehadkeptingoodshapeforyears.(几十年来，他一直待在那座古老的铁路拱门下，用一台手工转动的风琴演奏乐曲——这台风琴他多年来一直保养得十分完好)”可知，威廉最贴合的描述是“始终如一的”。故选C。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Shestartedablog,focusingnotjustonWillemhimself,butalsotheorgan’slittleknownhistoryandthedyingartofstreetmusic.Shesharedshortvideosofhimplayingonherblog,mixedwithhisgentlememoriesofhowthecity’ssightsandsoundshadshiftedovertheyears.(她开通了一个博客，内容不仅聚焦威廉本人，还涵盖这种乐器鲜为人知的历史，以及日渐式微的街头音乐艺术。她在博客上分享了他演奏的短视频，穿插着他温情的回忆——讲述这些年来城市的景致与声响如何变迁。)”可知，她和威廉非常熟悉。故选A。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Alocalbusinessmanwhofollowedherblog,inspiredbyWillem’sstory,offeredhisemptydowntownspaceforaspecialmarketonweekends—Willemandhisliveorganmusicwerethecenterpiece,drawingfolkseagertohearhistunesinperson.(一位关注她博客的当地商人受到威廉的故事启发，主动将市中心的一处空地提供出来，用于周末的特别集市活动——威廉及其现场演奏的风琴音乐成为了活动的核心亮点，吸引了众多渴望亲耳聆听他音乐的人们前来)”可知，当地商人出让这块空地是为了支持文化保护。故选D。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段““Itstartedasdocumentation,”shesaid,“butbecameabridge—connectingthosewhorememberthismusicwiththosewhoarecurioustolearnaboutit.”Willemnowgotfairlypaidforhisperformancesandfoundrenewedpurpose.Thiseffortshowedthattheonlinemethodsheusedcanhelpprotectpartsofourculture,allowingtheorgan’ssimpletunetoremainpartofthecity’smodernidentity.(“起初只是作为记录用途，”她说道，“但后来却成了沟通的桥梁——将那些还记得这些音乐的人与那些渴望了解这些音乐的人联系起来。”如今，威廉的表演有了相应的报酬，并找到了新的意义。这一努力表明，她所采用的线上方式能够帮助保护我们的一部分文化，使这架风琴简单的旋律能够成为这座城市现代身份的一部分)”以及威廉的传统街头音乐通过线上项目被重新关注，最终以周末市集的形式融入现代城市生活，成为城市现代身份的一部分。可知，作者认为过去的历史可以与当下的生活共存。故选B。CScientiststracked105peopleforaweekanddiscoveredsomethingremarkableabouthumanbehavior:almostnineoutofeverytendailyactionshappenautomatically,withoutconscious(有意识的)thought.Theresearch,conductedbybehavioralscientistsfromuniversitiesintheUnitedStates,Australia,andtheUnitedKingdom,usedrealtimetrackingtorecordexactlyhowmuchofeverydaylifeoperatesautomatically.Participantsreceivedtextreminderssixtimeseverydayforsevendays,askingthemtogiveanaccountofwhattheyweredoingandhowautomatictheiractionsfeltparedtodeliberate(故意的)ones.Theresultsshowthat88%ofdailybehaviorswere“habituallyexecuted”,meaningpeopleperformedthemsmoothlywithverylittleconsciousattention.Meanwhile,65%ofbehaviorswere“habituallytriggered”,meaningpeople’sbehaviorswerecausedautomaticallybyenvironmentalsignalsratherthandeliberatedecisionmaking.“Peopleliketothinkofthemselvesasreasonabledecisionmakers,whothinkcarefullyaboutwhattodobeforetheydoit,”explainsleadresearcherAmandaRebar.“However,muchofourrepetitivebehaviorisperformedwithverylittlecarefulthoughtandisinsteadgeneratedautomatically,byhabit.”Unlikethepopularbeliefthathabitsconflictwithourintentions,thestudyfoundmostautomaticbehaviorsactuallyagreewithwhatpeoplewanttodo.Nearlyhalf(46%)ofallbehaviorswerebothhabitualandintentional.Thefindingscanbehelpfulforanyonetryingtochangetheirbehavior,frombreakingbadhabitstobuildinggoodones.Sincemostbehaviorsalreadyoperateautomatically,thekeymayberedirectingexistinghabitpatternsratherthanfightingthementirely,accordingtothestudy.“Almostallbehaviorscanbesupportedbyhabit,whichinturnsuggestsinterventionscanrealisticallyseektopromotehabitformationforanyaction,”theresearchersconclude.Insteadofseeinghabitsasbarrierstoovere,thestudysuggestsweshouldmakeuseofthebrain’snaturaltendencytoworkautomatically.Forpositivechangeslikeexerciseorhealthyeating,thegoalbeescreatingtherightenvironmentalsignalsandsituationstostartdesiredbehaviorsautomatically.8.Whatweretheparticipantsrequiredtododuringrealtimetracking?A.Formbeneficialhabits.B.Analyzethecollecteddata.C.Ignoretheiningtextmessages.D.Reporttheiractionsandfeelings.9.Whichis“habituallyexecuted”behavioraccordingtothetext?A.Receivingaschedulereminder. B.Listeningtoascientificlecture.C.Washingfaceaftergettingup. D.Settingthealarmforanappointment.10.Whatdoesthestudysuggestpeopledoregardingchangingtheirbehavior?A.Fightagainstexistinghabitstotally.B.Buildupcertainhabitsforactions.C.Overlookenvironmentalsignalsaround.D.Dependonreasonabledecisionmaking.11.What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A.TheConflictBetweenHabitsandIntentionsB.ANewMethodforTrackingHumanBehaviorC.TheSurprisingPowerofOurDailyHabitsD.AGuidetoBeingaBetterDecisionMaker【答案】8.D9.C10.B11.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了科学家通过实时追踪研究发现，人类大部分日常行为是自动执行的，且多数自动行为与个人意愿相符，研究建议利用这一特性来改变行为。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Theresearch,conductedbybehavioralscientistsfromuniversitiesintheUnitedStates,Australia,andtheUnitedKingdom,usedrealtimetrackingtorecordexactlyhowmuchofeverydaylifeoperatesautomatically.Participantsreceivedtextreminderssixtimeseverydayforsevendays,askingthemtogiveanaccountofwhattheyweredoingandhowautomatictheiractionsfeltparedtodeliberate(故意的)ones.(这项研究由来自美国、澳大利亚和英国大学的行为科学家开展，他们采用实时追踪的方式，精确记录日常生活中有多少行为是自动进行的。参与者连续七天每天会收到六次短信提醒，要求他们说明自己正在做什么，以及与刻意为之的行为相比，他们的这些行为在多大程度上是自动发生的。)”可知，参与者被要求报告他们的行为和感受。故选D。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Theresultsshowthat88%ofdailybehaviorswere“habituallyexecuted”,meaningpeopleperformedthemsmoothlywithverylittleconsciousattention.(结果显示，88%的日常行为是“习惯性执行”，这意味着人们很少有意识地关注这些行为，而是很顺利地执行它们。)”可知，习惯性执行的行为是那些人们很少有意识地关注，而是很顺利地执行的行为。C选项“Washingfaceaftergettingup.(起床后洗脸。)”符合这一描述，因为洗脸通常是人们起床后自动进行的行为，很少需要深思熟虑。故选C。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Thefindingscanbehelpfulforanyonetryingtochangetheirbehavior,frombreakingbadhabitstobuildinggoodones.Sincemostbehaviorsalreadyoperateautomatically,thekeymayberedirectingexistinghabitpatternsratherthanfightingthementirely,accordingtothestudy.“Almostallbehaviorscanbesupportedbyhabit,whichinturnsuggestsinterventionscanrealisticallyseektopromotehabitformationforanyaction,”theresearchersconclude.Insteadofseeinghabitsasbarrierstoovere,thestudysuggestsweshouldmakeuseofthebrain’snaturaltendencytoworkautomatically.(研究表明，由于大多数行为已经是自动发生的，关键可能在于调整现有的习惯模式，而不是完全与之对抗。“几乎所有行为都可以通过习惯来促成，这反过来又表明，干预措施可以切实地寻求促进任何行为的习惯养成，”研究人员总结道。这项研究建议，我们不应将习惯视为需要克服的障碍，而应利用大脑自动工作的自然倾向。)”可知，研究建议人们为行动建立一定的习惯。故选B。【11题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段中“Scientiststracked105peopleforaweekanddiscoveredsomethingremarkableabouthumanbehavior:almostnineoutofeverytendailyactionshappenautomatically,withoutconscious(有意识的)thought.(科学家们对105人进行了一周的追踪，发现了一些关于人类行为的非凡之处：几乎每十个日常行为中就有九个是自动发生的，没有有意识的思考。)”可知，文章主要介绍了科学家通过实时追踪研究发现，人类大部分日常行为是自动执行的，且多数自动行为与个人意愿相符，研究建议利用这一特性来改变行为。因此，C选项“TheSurprisingPowerofOurDailyHabits(我们日常习惯的惊人力量)”最符合文章主旨。故选C。DInrecentyears,Alchemist,atoprestaurantinCopenhagen,Denmark,usedantsinsomedishes.Once,Alchemist’steammembersleftmilkwithanantinthefridgeunintentionally,andnoticeditsoonthickened.Fromthere,Alchemist,whichaimsto“transformandgobeyondthenatureoffoodanddining”,recreatedanearlyforgottenancientTurkishandBulgarianrecipeformakingyogurtfromthesixleggedcreatures.Theirexperiments’successcaughttheattentionofexpertslikeanthropologistsandmicrobiologists,whosoughttounderstandwhatitisaboutantsthatcouldferment(发酵)yogurt.TheirresearchwaspublishediniScience.Thefermentationofmilkintoproductssuchasyogurtandcheesedatesbackaround9,000yearstoAnatolia,inmoderndayTürkiye.Forthousandsofyears,yogurtrecipesvariedgreatlybyculturesandregions,withdifferentgroupsintroducingdifferenttinylivingthingsintomilktostartfermentation,byaddingmaterialssuchaspinecones,chamomileandnettleroots.Thatstartedtochangeinthe1900s,whenyogurtwasindustrializedandmakersfocusedonjustafewbacterialspecies(菌株).Tolearnmore,theteamvisitedaBulgarianexpertwhosharedatradition:puttingredwoodantsintomilktomakeyogurt.Theteamembarkedonthemethod—theyputfourantsinwarmmilkandleftitinanantnestovernight.Thenextday,themilkwasthickandsour.Backinthelab,theteamfoundantsreleasecertainsubstancesthatturnmilkintoyogurt.Alchemistthencreatedthreeantbasedfoods:anicecreamsandwich,acreamycheese,andacocktail.Butenthusiastsshouldn’ttrytheAlchemistrecipeathome.Theresearcherssaythatantbasedfermentationisbestlefttotheprofessionals,becauseitcanintroduceanumberoffoodsafetyconcerns.Forexample,liveantsmaycontainsmallharmfulcreaturesthatlivealongtime.WeshouldalsoknowthefactthatEuropeanredwoodantsareconsideredtobeanearthreatenedspeciesduetorecentpopulationdeclines.Still,thisstudyonoldyogurtmakingwaysmighthelpcreatemoreunique,tastyfoodsinthefuture.12.WhatmadeAlchemistbeginitsexperimentsontheantbasedyogurt?AItsaccidentaldiscovery. B.AnancientTurkishrecipe.C.Itsmanagementphilosophy. D.Theadvicefromfoodexperts.13.Whatdoweknowaboutthetraditionalyogurtbeforethe1900s?A.Itreliedonindustrialprocesses. B.Itcouldbemassproduced.C.Itwaspopularinmostcountries. D.Itfeatureddiversetypesofadditives.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“embarkedon”inparagraph4mean?A.Evaluated. B.Adopted. C.Changed. D.Advertised.15.Whatdoestheauthorprobablythinkofusingredwoodantstomakeyogurt?A.It’stimeconsuming. B.It’scosteffective.C.It’sunsustainable. D.It’sunprofitable.【答案】12.A13.D14.B15.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了哥本哈根的顶级餐厅Alchemist意外发现蚂蚁能使牛奶变稠后，开始实验用蚂蚁制作酸奶及相关食品，虽取得成果但专家提醒存在食品安全隐患且红木蚁数量减少。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Once,Alchemist’steammembersleftmilkwithanantinthefridgeunintentionally,andnoticeditsoonthickened.Fromthere,Alchemist,whichaimsto“transformandgobeyondthenatureoffoodanddining”,recreatedanearlyforgottenancientTurkishandBulgarianrecipeformakingyogurtfromthesixleggedcreatures.(有一次，Alchemist的团队成员无意中把一杯有蚂蚁的牛奶留在了冰箱里，他们注意到牛奶很快就变稠了。从那时起，Alchemist的目标是“转变并超越食物和餐饮的本质”，它重新创造了一种几乎被遗忘的古老的土耳其和保加利亚的食谱，用这种六条腿的生物制作酸奶。)”可知，是Alchemist的团队成员无意中把一杯有蚂蚁的牛奶留在了冰箱里，他们注意到牛奶很快就变稠了，这一偶然的发现让Alchemist开始了蚂蚁酸奶的实验。故选A。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Forthousandsofyears,yogurtrecipesvariedgreatlybyculturesandregions,withdifferentgroupsintroducingdifferenttinylivingthingsintomilktostartfermentation,byaddingmaterialssuchaspinecones,chamomileandnettleroots.Thatstartedtochangeinthe1900s,whenyogurtwasindustrializedandmakersfocusedonjustafewbacterialspecies(菌株).(数千年来，不同文化和地区的酸奶制作方法千差万别，不同群体通过向牛奶中添加松果、洋甘菊和荨麻根等材料，引入不同的微小生物来启动发酵过程。到了20世纪，酸奶开始工业化生产，生产商只专注于使用几种细菌菌株。)”可知，20世纪之前的传统酸奶以多种添加剂为特色。故选D。【14题详解】词句猜测题。根据第四段中“Tolearnmore,theteamvisitedaBulgarianexpertwhosharedatradition:puttingredwoodantsintomilktomakeyogurt.Theteamembarkedonthemethod—theyputfourantsinwarmmilkandleftitinanantnestovernight.(为了进一步了解情况，该团队拜访了一位保加利亚专家，这位专家分享了一种传统做法：将红林蚁放入牛奶中制作酸奶。团队embarkedon这种方法——他们将四只蚂蚁放入温牛奶中，然后将牛奶放在蚁巢中过夜。)”可知，为了了解更多，团队拜访了一位保加利亚专家，专家分享了一个传统：将红木蚁放入牛奶中制作酸奶，于是团队采用了这个方法。由此可知，embarkedon意思是“采用”。A.Evaluated评估；B.Adopted采用；C.Changed改变；D.Advertised做广告。故选B。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“WeshouldalsoknowthefactthatEuropeanredwoodantsareconsideredtobeanearthreatenedspeciesduetorecentpopulationdeclines.(我们还应该知道，由于最近种群数量下降，欧洲红木蚁被认为是一种近危物种。)”可推知，作者认为用红木蚁制作酸奶是不可持续的。故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Elias,aquiethighschoolstudentfromOregon,oncespenthisentiresummerhikingacrosstheCascadeMountains.Hewasn’tjustwalking—hewastraininghimselftolisten,nottomusicorvideos,buttothesoundofwindthroughdifferenttrees,birdcalls,andthesteadypatternofhisownfootsteps.____16____U.S.practiceispartofamovementcalledDeepNatureConnection,whichisgainingpopularityamongteenagersincountriesliketheU.S.andCanada.____17____Duringitsactivities,theyspenddaysoutdoorswithoutdigitaldevices.Eliasoncetookpartinoneoftheactivities:sittingalonesilentlynexttoastreamforafullhour,justobserving.Afterward,inthesharingcircle,hetalkedabouthowhenoticeddifferentshadesofgreenintheleaves.____18____Accordingtoscientists,themovementcanbenefitstressreductionforthemandincreasetheirfocus.Itisn’taboutlearningfrombooks—it’sabouttouchingtreebark,smellingrain,andwatchingcloudsmove.Forinstance,someschoolsinVermonthaveadoptedamethodcalled“forestbreaks”wherestudentsspendshortperiodsoutsideinsteadofstayinginclassrooms.____19____Teacherstherereportthatstudentsreturntoclasscalmerandmoreabletoconcentrate.Withoutthisconnection,lifecanfeelrushedandshallow,likeconstantlyrefreshingsocialmediabutneverfeelingsatisfied.____20____Afterthat,heoftenfeltmoretiredthanbefore.Butsittingunderanoldtree,hebegantoaskhimselfwhatreallymadehimhappy.ForElias,thiswayoflearningthroughdirectexperience—notjustwords—hashelpedhimreflectonhimselfandquietlyshapethewayheshouldlearntolive.A.Adultslovenaturewalksespecially.B.Insteadofstayingindoors,manyjoininthismovement.C.Thestudentshavechangedpositivelythankstothismethod.D.Eliasstilllikesdrawingandworkingquietlyintheclassroom.E.ThatexperiencechangedhowEliassaweverydaylifeandlearning.F.Theoutdooractivitieshelpteensslowdownandbeemoremindful.G.Eliasremembersweekendswhenhejustspentsomuchtimeonhisphone.【答案】16.E17.B18.F19.C20.G【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Elias通过参与“深度自然连接”运动，在自然中学会倾听与观察，从而反思自我并影响学习生活方式的经历。【16题详解】由上文“Elias,aquiethighschoolstudentfromOregon,oncespenthisentiresummerhikingacrosstheCascadeMountains.Hewasn’tjustwalking—hewastraininghimselftolisten,nottomusicorvideos,buttothesoundofwindthroughdifferenttrees,birdcalls,andthesteadypatternofhisownfootsteps.(来自俄勒冈州的安静的高中生Elias曾经花了一整个夏天徒步穿越喀斯喀特山脉。他不只是在走路——他是在训练自己倾听，不是听音乐或视频，而是听风吹过不同树木的声音、鸟鸣声，以及他自己脚步的稳定节奏。)”和下文“U.S.practiceispartofamovementcalledDeepNatureConnection,whichisgainingpopularityamongteenagersincountriesliketheU.S.andCanada.(这种做法是一项名为“深度自然连接”的运动的一部分，该运动在美国和加拿大等国的青少年中越来越受欢迎。)”可知，本空需承接前文经历并引出后续运动介绍，强调这次运动对Elias的影响。E选项“ThatexperiencechangedhowEliassaweverydaylifeandlearning.(那次经历改变了Elias对日常生活和学习的看法。)”既总结了前文徒步经历的影响，又能自然过渡到下文对该经历所属运动的说明，能承上启下，符合题意。故选E。【17题详解】由上文“ThispracticeispartofamovementcalledDeepNatureConnection,whichisgainingpopularityamongteenagersincountriesliketheU.S.andCanada.(这种做法是一项名为“深度自然连接”的运动的一部分，该运动在美国和加拿大等国的青少年中越来越受欢迎。)”及下文“Duringitsactivities,theyspenddaysoutdoorswithoutdigitaldevices.(在活动期间，他们会在户外待上几天，不使用数字设备。)”可知，本空应强调青少年对这种运动的参与，B选项“Insteadofstayingindoors,manyjoininthismovement.(许多人没有待在室内，而是参加了这项运动。)”强调了青少年对“深度自然连接”运动的参与，能承上启下，符合题意。故选B。【18题详解】由下文“Accordingtoscientists,themovementcanbenefitstressreductionforthemandincreasetheirfocus.Itisn’taboutlearningfrombooks—it’sabouttouchingtreebark,smellingrain,andwatchingcloudsmove.Forinstance,someschoolsinVermonthaveadoptedamethodcalled“forestbreaks”wherestudentsspendshortperiodsoutsideinsteadofstayinginclassrooms.(科学家表示，这种运动有助于减轻他们的压力，提高他们的注意力。这不是从书本上学习——而是触摸树皮、闻雨的味道、看云移动。例如，佛蒙特州的一些学校采用了一种名为“森林休息”的方法，即学生们在户外度过短暂的时间，而不是待在教室里。)”可知，本段主要介绍了“深度自然连接”运动的好处，本空需概括该运动对青少年的作用。F选项“Theoutdooractivitieshelpteensslowdownandbeemoremindful.(户外活动有助于青少年放慢脚步，变得更加专注。)”是对下文内容的概括，符合题意。故选F。【19题详解】由上文“Forinstance,someschoolsinVermonthaveadoptedamethodcalled“forestbreaks”wherestudentsspendshortperiodsoutsideinsteadofstayinginclassrooms.(例如，佛蒙特州的一些学校采用了一种名为“森林休息”的方法，让学生花短时间在户外而不是待在教室里。)”及下文“Teacherstherereportthatstudentsreturntoclasscalmerandmoreabletoconcentrate.(那里的老师报告说，学生回到教室后更加平静，更能集中注意力。)”可知，本空给应说明这种方法对学生产生积极影响。C选项“Thestudentshavechangedpositivelythankstothismethod.(由于这种方法，学生们发生了积极的变化。)”能承上启下，说明“森林休息”这一方法对学生的积极影响，符合题意。故选C。【20题详解】由上文“Withoutthisconnection,lifecanfeelrushedandshallow,likeconstantlyrefreshingsocialmediabutneverfeelingsatisfied.(没有这种联系，生活可能会显得匆忙而浅薄，就像不断刷新社交媒体却从未感到满足。)”及下文“Afterthat,heoftenfeltmoretiredthanbefore.(在那之后，他经常比以前更累。)”可知，本空应举例说明“缺乏自然连接”的具体生活场景。G选项“Eliasremembersweekendswhenhejustspentsomuchtimeonhisphone.(Elias记得那些周末，他花了很多时间在手机上。)”以玩手机的经历为例，贴合“匆忙浅薄”的描述，且与后文“更累”的感受衔接紧密，符合题意。故选G。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Alistairmadealivingbyrunninganantiqueshop.Oneafternoon,whilepolishingasetofsilverware(银器),he____21____ahiddenspaceintheoldwoodenboxhehadboughtatastreetmarket.____22____,heopenedit.Insidewasasingle,beautifullycutdiamond.Alistairimmediatelyvisitedatrustedappraiser(估价师).Theassessmentwas____23____—enoughtoguaranteeafortablelifeforhimforyears.Hisheart____24____.Thiswasnoordinarysmallitem;itsvaluecouldsolveallhis____25____problems.Histightbudgetwhisperedtohim,urginghimtosellthediamondandforgetit.Yet,his____26____madehimhesitate.Heresolvedtofindthebox’sprevious____27____instead.Daysturnedintoaweekofhardresearch.____28____,hefoundElara,anelderlywomaninanearbytown.WhensheheardAlistair’s____29____,hervoicetrembledwithemotion.She____30____thediamondwaspartofherfamilytreasure,whichshethoughtwaslostdecadesagoduringahardtimewhenmanyofherpossessionswere____31____tomakeendsmeet.Withoutasecondthought,Alistairarrangedto____32____it.Moveddeeply,Elara,alocalhistorian,later____33____hisshopforanimportantpreservationproject,anditgainedsomefunds.Thissingleactofreturningalosttreasure____34____thefutureofAlistair’sbelovedshop—a____35____farbeyondthediamond’smaterialworth.21.A.brushedagainst B.paintedover C.emptiedout D.brokeinto22.