专题05 动词时态和语态 （现在完成时和现在进行时的被动语态过去将来时）（期末复习讲义）（原卷版）

7/8专题05动词时态和语态(现在完成时和现在进行时的被动语态,过去将来时)（期末复习讲义）考情分析【考向透视】分析近年高考真题可知，高考对动词的时态和语态题目考查比较全面。在听力中对句子功用考查居多，推理判断。在阅读理解、七选五和完形填空中，熟练掌握动词的时态和语态是迅速读懂文章的基本保证。写作中读懂原文，熟练写出符合逻辑且结构正确的句子也是得得分的必备保障。考查最多的是与语法填空题中，大致分为三种题型，一是题干中提供时间状语，但是时间状语有干扰性和迷惑性。三是题干中不提供中任何时间状语，而是给出一个上下文情景或者一个结构较为复杂的句子中。我们需要掌握独特的时间状语标志和固定句型的时态。【复习目标】1.复习动词的基本时态.2.复习动词的主动,被动语态.3.重点掌握动词时态和语态的形式.4.注意动词五种时态的核心考点.动词的时态和语态动词的时态和语态知识点01现在进行时的被动语态结构肯定式主语＋am/is/are＋beingdone否定式主语＋am/is/are＋notbeingdone一般疑问式Am/Is/Are(not)＋主语＋beingdone？特殊疑问式特殊疑问词＋am/is/are(not)＋主语＋beingdone？用法1．表示说话时正在进行的被动动作。句中常用now，atthemoment等时间状语。Whatdoyouknowisbeingdoneinyourneighbourhoodtoprotectanimalsandplants?你知道你的社区里正在做什么来保护动植物吗？2．表示现阶段正在进行的被动动作(说话时不一定在进行)。Hissonisbeingtrainedtotakecontrolofthefamilybusiness.他的儿子正在被培养接管家族企业。3．表示一种习惯的被动行为，常与always，constantly，often等词连用，表示赞赏、羡慕、讨厌等感情色彩。Ifeelverysurprisedthatthewindowofourclassroomisoftenbeingbroken.我感到非常吃惊的是我们教室的那扇窗户经常被打破。易｜错｜点｜拨1．与某些情态动词连用，表示对正在发生的动作的推测。Jimmaybebeinginterviewedbythereportersattheverymoment.吉姆此刻可能正在接受记者的采访。2．有些“介词＋名词”结构可以表示现在进行时的被动意义。请记住这些短语：onshow，inuse，underprotection，underrepair，underdiscussion，underconsideration等。Thetelephoneisinusenow.＝Thetelephoneisbeingusednow.现在电话正在使用中。Theproblemisunderdiscussionatthemeetingnow.＝Theproblemisbeingdiscussedatthemeetingnow.正在会议上讨论这个问题。【即时检测】一、单项选择1．Mostofthetraditionsarestillbeingpracticedbypeoplearoundthecountry.A．动词；经常做 B．名词；练习 C．动词；练习 D．名词；常规二、语法填空2．I’msorry,butyoucan’taccessyourofficerightnowasthecarpets(clean)intheentirecorridor.3．Largeamountsofmeat(sell)inthatstoreatthepresenttime.4．Thesoftware(update)now,sowecan’taccesstheonlinelearningplatform.三、翻译5．烟花正在被燃放，突然间点亮了整个夜空。（被动语态；分词作伴随状语）（汉译英）知识点02现在完成时的被动语态结构肯定式主语＋have/hasbeendone否定式主语＋have/hasnotbeendone一般疑问式Have/Has＋主语＋beendone？特殊疑问式疑问词＋have/has＋主语＋beendone？用法1．现在完成时的被动语态同它的主动语态一样，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，通常与already，yet，just，never，recently等副词连用。Hehasbeengiventheappointmentasdirectoroftheproject.他已被任命为该项目的主管。2．表示一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去，持续到现在，并可能持续下去，常与for或since引导的时间状语连用，或用于“Howlong...？”句式中。Financialproblemsofthecompanyhavebeendiscussedfornearlytwohours.公司的财务问题已被讨论了近两个小时了。Howlonghasthisfilmbeenshown?这部电影已经放映多长时间了？3．用在时间或条件状语从句中，表示将来某时已完成的被动动作，即用现在完成时的被动语态代替将来完成时的被动语态。Youshouldn’tleaveschoolbeforeyourhomeworkhasbeenfinished.在你的作业完成之前你不应该离开学校。易｜错｜点｜拨常与现在完成时连用的时间状语：already已经；yet已经；尚，还；recently/lately最近；sincethen从那时起；eversince自那以来；ever曾经；sofar迄今为止；foralongtime很长一段时间；bynow到现在为止；inrecentyears在最近几年里；in/during/overthepast/lastyears在过去的几年里【即时检测】一、语法填空1．Agreatmanyfootballfans(attract)bytheJiangsuFootballCityLeagueoverthepastfewmonths.2．Allthepossiblemeans(prove)effectiveuptonow.3．Greatadvances(achieve)inAItechnologyinrecentyears.4．Alargenumberofdoctorsandnurses(send)toTibetbythegovernmenttohelpthepeoplethereinthelastthreeyears.二、完成句子5．Thecomputerhasreplacedthemachine.(转化为被动语态)6．Anunknownvirushasjustattackedmycomputer.(转化为被动语态)知识点03过去将来时1．would＋动词原形(1)表示从过去某时来看将要发生的动作或存在的状态。常用于宾语从句中。ItneveroccurredtomethatpromotingproductsontheInternetwouldcutdownthecost.我从来没想到在网络上推广产品可以削减成本。Theysaidtheletterinsidewouldexplaineverything.他们说里面的信会解释这一切。(2)表示过去的某种习惯性行为，只用would。LearningChinesewouldenablemetoexpandmyknowledgeofChineseculture.学习中文能够让我拓展对中国文化的了解。(3)用于虚拟语气中表示对现在或将来情况的虚拟。IfIwereyou，Iwouldnotdothat.要是我是你的话，我就不会那样做。Ifitrainedtomorrow，wewouldstayathome.如果明天下雨，我们就待在家里。Iwishhewouldgowithmetothecinematonight.我希望他今晚能和我一起去看电影。2．“was/weregoingto＋动词原形”表示准备、计划做某事，或将要发生某事。Shewasnotgoingtodoanythingthatevening.那天晚上她不准备做任何事。Whentheyarrivedtheplanewasjustgoingtotakeoff.飞机正要起飞时他们到了。3．“was/wereaboutto＋动词原形”意为“正要、即将”，表示说话的瞬间就会发生的动作。常用于句型“beabouttodo...when...”，表示“正要做……这时……”。IwasabouttotakeabathwhenIheardpeoplescreaminganddogsbarking.我正准备洗澡时，听到人们尖叫狗狂吠。4．“was/wereto＋动词原形”表示曾计划做某事，但不表明计划是否被执行；或表示命中注定要发生的事。IfeltnervousbecauseIwassoontoleavehomeforthefirsttime.我感到紧张，因为我很快就要第一次离开家了。易｜错｜点｜拨1．go，come，leave，arrive，takeoff等少数趋向性短暂动词可用过去进行时表示过去将要发生的情况。Iaskedherwhethershewascomingtotheparty.我问她是否要来参加晚会。HetoldmeMrGreenwasleavingforHawaiiafewhourslater.他告诉我格林先生几个小时后就要去夏威夷。2．条件状语从句和时间状语从句中需用一般过去时表示过去将来时。Ididn’tknowwhenshewouldcome，butwhenshecameIwouldletyouknow.我不知道她什么时候来，但她来了我会告诉你。3．第一个when引导宾语从句，可使用过去将来时；第二个when引导时间状语从句，只能用一般过去时代替过去将来时。【即时检测】一、语法填空1．Mygrannysaidshe(make)herspecialdumplingsforourSpringFestivalreuniondinner.2．Theythoughtthemeeting(start)at9a.m.,sotheyarrivedtenminutesearly.3．Yesterday,ourteachertoldusthatwe(have)aspringoutingnextweek.4．Hesaidhe(give)thebooktotheteacher,buttheteacherwasnotinhisoffice.二、完成句子5．Thereporterasked,“Willpolarbearsdieoutbecauseofclimatechange?”(直接引语改为间接引语)6．Momsaidtome,“Willyoufirsthavesupperorfinishyourhomework?”(变间接引语)基础通关（测试时间：10分钟）一、单项选择1．LuHong,whohasanintellectualdisability,saidhe________morejobstohelpdisabledpeopleinthefuture.A．willprovide B．hasprovided C．wouldprovide D．provided2．Shetoldmeshe________somefriendsfromherjuniorhighduringthecomingsummervacation.A．meets B．met C．wouldmeet D．hasmet3．He__________areplytotheemailwhenhiscomputercrashedsuddenly.A．wastosend B．wouldsend C．sent D．wasabouttosend4．I______offmylaptopwhenIreceivedanemailfrommybosswhoshowedappreciationforalltheeffortsIhadmade.A．wasbeingturnedB．hadturned C．wasabouttoturn D．havebeenturning5．Currently,about35,000works________inover300roomsintheLouvre,anditwouldtakealifetimetoseeeverything.A．weredisplaying B．arebeingdisplayed C．aredisplaying D．werebeingdisplayed6．Throughouthistory,thespiritofSpringFestival—thespiritoffamily—________.AndmostoftheimportantSpringFestivaltraditions________bypeopleacrossthecountrynowadays.A．haslargelybeenkept;arestillbeingpractisedB．waslargelykept;havestillbeenpracticedC．waslargelykept;arestillbeingpracticedD．haslargelybeenkept;havestillbeenpracticed7．Currently,anewhospital____________inthesuburbanareatoimprovelocalmedicalservices.A．builds B．isbuilding C．isbeingbuilt D．built8．––Haveyoumovedintothenewhouse?—Notyet.Therooms________.A．arepainting B．arebeingpainted C．arebeingpainting D．arepainted9．China’sfirstanti-corruptionTVshowIntheNameofPeople________over350milliontimes.A．hasviewed B．hasbeenviewed C．haveviewed D．havebeenviewed10．IfNewtonlivedtoday,hewouldbesurprisedbywhat________inscienceandtechnology.A．hadbeendiscoveredB．haddiscovered C．hasdiscovered D．hasbeendiscovered11．Calligraphyworksdonewithwritingbrushes______bymanyforeignersuptonow.A．hasbeenappreciated B．havebeenappreciatedC．wasappreciated D．wereappreciated12．Iamawarethatthoughprogress________inthepastfiveyears,issuesofpublicconcernsabouteducation,healthcarestillremain.A．hasbeenmade B．hadbeenmadeC．havebeenmade D．hadmade重难突破（测试时间：10分钟）语法填空1．Thelocalcommunity’ssenseofunityhasbeen(strength)throughmanyvolunteeractivitiesthisyear.2．DuetoJohn’sexcellentperformance,itislikelythathe(accept)toHarvardUniversity.3．Expertadvice(seek)tosolvethistypicalparent-childrelationshipissuesofar.4．Thecompanyhasbeen(target)byanimalrightsgroupsforitsuseofdogsindrugstrials.5．Elephantsandantelopes(hunt)andthepopulationisbecomingsmallerandsmaller.6．Withmoreforestsbeingdestroyed,hugequantitiesofagriculturalland(be)beingwashedawayeachyear.7．Atpresent,oursurroundings(pollute)fasterthaneveranditseemsthatpeoplecannotpreventit.8．Rainforests(cut)downandburntatsuchaspeedthattheywilldisappearoneday.9．Thedateofthemeetinghasbeen(advance)fromFridaytoWednesday.10．HehasjustbeentothepositionofExportManagerforthecompany.Hewillhaveanwithhisfirstforeigncustomerstonight.(appoint)11．Everymeans(try)uptonow,butwestillcan’tcomeupwithagoodwaytohandlethecurrentdilemma.

12．Sheistheonlyoneofthoseathleteswho(admit)toPekingUniversitysincetheBeijing2022WinterOlympics.易混易错（测试时间：10分钟）一、完成句子1．Itisapitifulthingto(做实验的时候半途而废).2．Duetopollution,globalwarming,andtheover-useofplastic,(我们的生活环境正在受到破坏).3．越来越多的森林正在遭到破坏，大多数竹子被砍伐。Moreandmoreforestsandmostofthebamboohas.4．他们目前正和父母住在一起，因为他们的房子正在维修。Theyarelivingwiththeirparentsforthemomentbecausetheirownhouse.5．这位病人已经被治愈了。Thepatienthisillness.6．Thestatuesfillonlyonepartofthehugetomb,whichstillhasnotbeen.7．这些俑像只是秦始皇巨大陵墓的一部分，而整座陵墓尚未完全发掘。Thestatuesfillonlypartoftheemperor’shugetomb,whichstillhasnot.8．Thecompany(被作为攻击目标)byanimalrightsgroupsforitsuseofdogsindrugtrialsrecently.9．尽管他们似乎强烈地反对我，但我不会认输。Eventhoughtheyappearedtohaveaverystrongargumentagainstme,Iwouldn’t.10．(他正要开始写小说)whenhisfriendcametovisithim.高考模拟（测试时间：15分钟）语法填空阅读下面短文，根据意思或所给的词，完成空格填空，使短文通顺ItwasgettingdarkwhenIgothome.ItwascoldandI1(wear)acoat.Iwalkeduptothedoorandputmyhandintomypocket2(take)outmykey3Icouldn’tfindit.IsuddenlyrememberedthatI4(leave)itonmydeskintheoffice.Itreallydidn’tmakeanydifference.Iknewmywife5(be)athomeandthechildrenmusthavecomebackfromschoolbynow,soI6(knock)atthedoor.Therewasnoanswer,soIknockedagain.Icontinuedknockingatthedoorforsometime.I7(get)angry.ThenIrememberedsomethingtheofficeboyhadtoldmeatnoon.Hesaidthatmywife8(phone)sayingthatshe9(go)shoppingintheafternoonwiththechildren.Therewasonlyonethingformetodo:Ihadtoclimein10awindow.李明和林涛在新学期第一天见面,他们在谈论那个城市地震一年后的情况。请根据语境,用相应的时态完成下面对话。LiMing:Hi,LinTao.Hownicetoseeyouonthefirstdayofthenewterm!LinTao:Yes.Nicetoseeyouagain.LiMing:Iknowthatyourparents11(work)inthatcityforaboutayear.Canyoutellmesomethingthereaftertheearthquake?LinTao:Ofcourse.Sincetheearthquake12(happen),manysoldiers13(send)there,andmanykindsofsupplies(物资供应)14(carry)therefromalloverthecountry.Now,mostpeoplethere15(live)ahappylifeagain.LiMing:Howabouttheschoolsthere?LinTao:Severalnewschools16(setup)andalsosomeschoolswhich