2025年《航海英语》阅读专项卷

2025年《航海英语》阅读专项卷考试时间：______分钟总分：______分姓名：______模拟试卷PartOne:DetailComprehensionReadthefollowingpassagecarefullyandchoosethebestanswer(A,B,C,orD)foreachquestionbasedontheinformationgiveninthepassage.TheInternationalRegulationsforPreventingCollisionsatSea(COLREGs)arethesetofrulesbywhichallvesselsmustoperatetoavoidcollisionsbetweenthemselvesandothervessels.Theserulesaredesignedtoestablishasystemofsignalsandactionsthatallmarinerscanunderstandatsea.TherearetwomaincategoriesofCOLREGs:LightsandShapes,andSoundandLightSignals.LightsandShapesrefertothevisualsignalsthatvesselsdisplaytoindicatetheirtype,status(e.g.,underway,makingway,atanchor),andactions(e.g.,turning).Forexample,avesselunderwayunderpowermustdisplayredandgreensidelightsandawhitesternlight.Avesselatanchormustdisplayanall-roundwhitelightandanorangeanchorlightoverthestern.SoundandLightSignalsareusedinvarioussituations,suchaswhenavesselneedstosignalanothervesselorwarnothersofadanger.Thespecificsignalsuseddependonthesituation,suchasashortblastofthehornindicatingaturntostarboard,oraprolongedblastindicatingthevesselisatanchor.1.Accordingtothepassage,whatisthemainpurposeoftheCOLREGs?A)Toprovidedetailedinstructionsforshipmaintenance.B)Toestablishrulesforsafenavigationandcollisionavoidance.C)Toregulatethetypesofvesselsthatcanoperateatsea.D)Tosetstandardsformaritimecommunication.2.Whatkindofvisualsignalsdovesselsdisplaytoindicatetheyareunderwayandmakingwaythroughthewater?A)Anall-roundwhitelightandanorangeanchorlight.B)Redandgreensidelightsandawhitesternlight.C)Aseriesofshortandprolongedblastsfromthehorn.D)Aflaghoistedattheforemast.3.Whatmustavesseldisplayifitisanchoredandstationary?A)Redandgreensidelightsonly.B)Anall-roundwhitelightandanorangeanchorlight.C)Asinglewhitelightatthebow.D)Ablackballhoistedatthemasthead.4.Whatdoesashortblastofthehornmeanaccordingtothepassage?A)Thevesselisatanchor.B)Thevesselintendstogiveway.C)Thevesselisturningtostarboard.D)Thevesselisindoubtaboutanothervessel'sintentionsoraction.PartTwo:MainIdeaReadthefollowingpassagecarefullyandchoosethebestanswer(A,B,C,orD)forthequestionbasedontheinformationgiveninthepassage.Sailingrouteshaveevolvedsignificantlyoverthecenturies,drivenprimarilybyadvancementsinnavigationtechnologyandthepursuitofmoreefficienttradeconnections.Beforetheinventionofthemagneticcompassandlaterthechronometer,sailingrouteswereoftendeterminedbycoastalpiloting,theuseofcelestialnavigationforlatitude,anddeadreckoningfordistance,whichwerelimitedandoftenunreliable.Thisledtothedevelopmentofmajorsailingroutes,suchastheroutesbetweenEuropeandAsia,whichfollowedpredictablewindandcurrentpatterns,oftenresultinginlongandarduousjourneys.TheAgeofDiscoverymarkedaperiodofextensiverouteexplorationasexplorerssoughtnewlandsandseapassages.ThediscoveryoftheCapeRoutearoundthesoutherntipofAfrica,forexample,openedupamoredirectroutefortradebetweenEuropeandtheEastIndies.Later,thedevelopmentofthesteamengineandthesubsequentageofsteamnavigationrevolutionizedseatravel,makingitfasterandmorereliable,furthershapingglobalshippingroutesandtradepatterns.Today,whiletechnologycontinuestoadvancewiththeadventofGPSandautonomousships,thefundamentalprinciplesofrouteplanningbasedonefficiency,safety,andweatherconditionsremaincrucial.5.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A)Thehistoricalimpactoftechnologicaladvancementsonglobaltrade.B)Thedevelopmentandsignificanceofmajorhistoricalsailingroutes.C)Themethodsusedfornavigationbeforetheinventionofthecompassandchronometer.D)Theroleofweatherconditionsindeterminingmodernshippingroutes.PartThree:InferenceReadthefollowingpassagecarefullyandchoosethebestanswer(A,B,C,orD)forthequestionbasedontheinformationgiveninthepassage.Thecrewofthevessel"SeaExplorer"wastakingoncargoinabusyportwhenasuddensquallhittheareawithoutmuchwarning.Thewindincreasedrapidly,forcingtheshiptotakelargewaves,andthedeckcrewstruggledtosecurethecargothatwasstillbeingloaded.Thecaptain,experiencedinhandlingsuchsituations,immediatelyorderedthecrewtosecureallhatchesandpreparetheshipforheavyseas.Healsoinstructedthereliefpilottostayonboardasanextrasetofhands.Communicationonthebridgewasconstantandfocused,withthecaptaindirectingactionsandthecrewreportingconditions.Whilethesituationwaschallenging,thewell-drilledcrewfollowedtheprocedures,andtheshipmanagedtonavigatethroughthesquallwithoutsustainingsignificantdamage,althoughoneofthecargocontainerswasslightlydamagedbyawave.Theincidenthighlightedtheimportanceofpreparednessandeffectiveteamworkinthemaritimeindustry,especiallywhenfacedwithunexpectedadverseweather.6.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthecrewofthe"SeaExplorer"fromthepassage?A)Theywereinexperiencedandpanickedduringthesquall.B)Theylackedthenecessaryprocedurestohandleheavyweather.C)Theywereabletoworkeffectivelytogetherunderpressure.D)Theydidnotcommunicateeffectivelywiththereliefpilot.PartFour:VocabularyReadthefollowingpassagecarefullyandchoosethebestword(A,B,C,orD)tofillineachblankbasedontheinformationgiveninthepassage.Moderncargoshipsaremarvelsofengineering,designedtotransportvastquantitiesofgoodsacrosstheworld'soceans.Thesevesselsoftenhavespecializedcargoholds7differenttypesofcargo,suchascontainers,bulkmaterials,orprojectcargo.Thedesignoftheseholdsiscrucialforthesafetransportofgoods.Forexample,containerholdsmustbe8toaccommodatetheweightandshapeofstandardizedshippingcontainers,whilebulkcargoholdsneedtobesealedandreinforcedtocontainpowders,grains,orores.Advancedcranesandhandlingequipmentareessentialatportstoefficientlyloadandunloadthesemassiveships.Thesesystemsmustworkseamlesslyto9delaysandensurethatgoodsreachtheirdestinationontime.Furthermore,theincreasingfocusonenvironmentalsustainabilityisdrivingthedesignofmoreenergy-efficientships,whichcan10reducefuelconsumptionandloweremissionsduringlong-hauljourneys.7.A)forstoringB)fortransportingC)forhandlingD)forloading8.A)strongB)flexibleC)deepD)wide9.A)causeB)minimizeC)createD)require10.A)subsequentlyB)thereforeC)potentiallyD)certainlyPartFive:ParagraphSummarizationReadthefollowingpassagecarefullyandchoosethebestanswer(A,B,C,orD)forthequestionbasedontheinformationgiveninthepassage.TheGlobalMaritimeDistressandSafetySystem(GMDSS)representsasignificantadvancementinmaritimesafety,replacingtheolderRadioCommunicationsSystem.GMDSSutilizesanetworkofland-basedandsatellite-basedstationstoprovideimprovedmaritimesafetyservicesglobally.OneofthekeycomponentsofGMDSSistheSearchandRescue(SAR)system,whichallowsshipsandcoastguardstoquicklyalertrescueauthoritiesindistresssituations.ThesystemincludestheuseoftheHighFrequency(HF)distressfrequency156.8MHz,theGlobalMaritimeDistressandSafetySystem(GMDSS)distressfrequency162.4MHz,andthesatellite-baseddistressbeacons,suchastheEPIRB(EmergencyPositionIndicatingRadioBeacon)andtheSART(SearchandRescueTransponder).Thesebeaconscantransmitavessel'spreciselocationtorescuecoordinationcenters,enablingafasterandmoretargetedresponse.GMDSSalsoprovidesweatherinformationservicesandmaritimetrafficservicesinsomeregions.ThetransitiontoGMDSSrequiredshipstoequipspecificcommunicationequipmentandforcoastalstatestoestablishcorrespondingmonitoringandrescuecapabilities.Thissystemhasgreatlyimprovedthesafetyandefficiencyofsearchandrescueoperationsatsea.11.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?A)Thehistoryofmaritimecommunicationsystems.B)ThecomponentsandbenefitsoftheGMDSSformaritimesafety.C)TheoperationofspecificmaritimedistressbeaconsliketheEPIRB.D)Theroleofcoastguardsinmaritimesearchandrescueoperations.PartSix:Author'sAttitudeReadthefollowingpassagecarefullyandchoosethebestanswer(A,B,C,orD)forthequestionbasedontheinformationgiveninthepassage.Theadoptionofelectronicnavigationsystemshasbecomealmostuniversalinthemodernshippingindustry,largelyreplacingtraditionalpapercharts.Whilethisshiftoffersnumerousadvantages,suchasincreasedaccuracy,real-timedataupdates,andenhancedsafetyfeatureslikeautomaticcollisionavoidancewarnings,italsopresentscertainchallenges.Onemajorconcernisthepotentialfortechnicalmalfunctionsorsystemfailures,which,ifnotproperlymanaged,couldleadtoserioussafetyincidents.Additionally,relianceoncomplexelectronicsystemsrequiresthoroughtrainingforallcrewmemberstoensuretheycaneffectivelyoperateandtroubleshootthesesystemsinvarioussituations.Thereisalsoadebateaboutthediminishingimportanceoftraditionalnavigationskills,suchasdeadreckoningandcelestialnavigation,whichsomeargueshouldstillbemaintainedasabackupincaseofelectronicsystemfailure.Whilethebenefitsofelectronicnavigationareundeniable,abalancedapproachthatintegratesthesetechnologieswithessentialtraditionalskillsandrobustbackupproceduresremainscrucialformaintainingthehighestlevelsofmaritimesafety.12.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardstheuseofelectronicnavigationsystemsinthemodernshippingindustry?A)Entirelysupportive,emphasizingonlythebenefits.B)Entirelycritical,highlightingonlythenegativeaspects.C)Cautiousandbalanced,acknowledgingbothadvantages