2025考研英语词汇专项测试卷

2025考研英语词汇专项测试卷考试时间：______分钟总分：______分姓名：______第一部分选词填空阅读下面的文章，根据文章内容填入每个空白处最恰当的单词。每处仅填一词。Therapiddevelopmentofartificialintelligence(AI)has1.______scientistsandethicistsgrapplingwithcomplexquestionsaboutitsfutureimpactonsociety.Oneofthemostdebatedissuesisthepotentialdisplacementofjobs.AsAIsystemsbecomemoresophisticated,theycan2.______taskspreviouslyperformedbyhumans,particularlyinsectorslikemanufacturing,customerservice,anddataanalysis.Thiscapabilitycould3.______significanteconomicdisruption,forcingworkerstoadaptandacquirenewskills.However,proponentsarguethatAIwillalsocreatenewjobcategories,potentially4.______moreopportunitiesthaniteliminates.Theysuggestthatthefocusshouldbeonreskillingtheworkforceratherthanfearingautomation.Beyondjobdisplacement,concernsexistaboutdataprivacyandsecurity.AIsystemsoftenrequirevastamountsofpersonaldatatofunctioneffectively.The5.______collectionandpotentialmisuseofthisinformationraiseseriousethicaldilemmas.HowcanweensurethatAIisusedresponsiblytoprotectindividualprivacywhilestill6.______itsbenefits?FindingthisbalanceiscrucialasAIbecomesincreasinglyintegratedintoourdailylives,frompersonalizedrecommendationsonstreamingservicestoautonomousvehiclesonourroads.Thesocietalimplicationsareprofound,andthechoiceswemaketodaywillshapethe7.______ofourfutureinteractionswithtechnology.DevelopingethicalguidelinesforAIisthereforeanurgenttask.Theseguidelinesneedtoaddressissuessuchasalgorithmicbias,transparency,andaccountability.8.______biasesareembeddedinthedatausedtotrainAImodels,thesystemitselfcanperpetuateandevenamplifythesebiases,leadingtounfairordiscriminatoryoutcomes.EnsuringthatAIsystemsaretransparent—meaningtheirdecision-makingprocessescanbeunderstoodbyhumans—andthattherearemechanismsforholdingdevelopersandusers9.______fortheiractionsareessentialcomponentsofresponsibleAIdevelopment.Onlythroughacollaborativeeffortinvolvinggovernments,businesses,andcivilsocietycanwehopetoharnessthepowerofAIwithout10.______unintendednegativeconsequences.第二部分词汇辨析从下列选项中，选择与文中加粗词汇意思最相近的一项，并将选项字母填入括号内。1.grappling(A)neglecting(B)engaging(C)overcoming(D)observing2.sophisticated(A)primitive(B)advanced(C)simple(D)outdated3.significant(A)minor(B)considerable(C)temporary(D)superficial4.create(A)destroy(B)offer(C)reduce(D)limit5.vast(A)limited(B)minimal(C)extensive(D)specific6.harness(A)ignore(B)waste(C)utilize(D)abandon7.interactions(A)conflicts(B)separations(C)communications(D)interruptions8.embedded(A)visible(B)connected(C)hidden(D)separate9.accountability(A)independence(B)responsibility(C)authority(D)capability10.unintended(A)planned(B)deliberate(C)expected(D)known第三部分词形转换根据句子提示，将括号中动词或名词等词形转换正确，填入空白处。1.Thediscoveryofpenicillinrevolutionizedthetreatmentofbacterialinfections.(discover)_______penicillinrevolutionizedthetreatmentofbacterialinfections.2.Sheisalwayswillingtohelpthoseinneed.(willing)Sheisalways_______tohelpthoseinneed.3.His_______todetailisimpressive;henoticedeverysmallerrorinthemanuscript.(attend)His_______todetailisimpressive;henoticedeverysmallerrorinthemanuscript.4.Thecompanyimplementednewpoliciestoimproveemployee_______.(comfort)Thecompanyimplementednewpoliciestoimproveemployee_______.5.Wemusttakemeasurestoprotectthe_______ofendangeredspecies.(survive)Wemusttakemeasurestoprotectthe_______ofendangeredspecies.6.Theathlete's_______trainedhimtoendureextremephysicalconditions.(train)Theathlete's_______trainedhimtoendureextremephysicalconditions.7.Itisimportanttomaintainabalancebetweenworkandleisure.(balance)Itisimportanttomaintainabalancebetweenworkand_______.8.Hisexplanationprovidedaclear_______forthecomplexproblem.(solve)Hisexplanationprovidedaclear_______forthecomplexproblem.9.Thecommitteeiscurrently_______thefinalreport.(review)Thecommitteeiscurrently_______thefinalreport.10.Sheshowedgreat_______duringthecrisis,remainingcalmandcomposed.(emotion)Sheshowedgreat_______duringthecrisis,remainingcalmandcomposed.第四部分词汇搭配从下列选项中，选择与所给词汇最适合搭配的一项，并将选项字母填入括号内。1.make(A)decision(B)noise(C)fire(D)friend2.pay(A)attention(B)bill(C)salary(D)price3.takeplace(A)event(B)idea(C)result(D)chance4.makeprogress(A)slowly(B)quickly(C)steadily(D)loudly5.basedon(A)fact(B)assumption(C)theory(D)alloftheabove6.interestedin(A)book(B)subject(C)opinion(D)person7.goodat(A)play(B)work(C)sport(D)alloftheabove8.lookforwardto(A)meeting(B)party(C)weekend(D)alloftheabove9.responsiblefor(A)action(B)mistake(C)result(D)alloftheabove10.addictedto(A)game(B)internet(C)drug(D)alloftheabove试卷答案第一部分选词填空1.facing解析：句意“人工智能的快速发展让科学家和伦理学家______复杂的问题”。空格处需要动词，表示“面临，面对”。facing(面对)符合语境。engaging(参与)，overcoming(克服)，observing(观察)不符合语境。2.perform解析：句意“随着人工智能系统变得更加复杂，它们可以______以前由人类完成的任务”。空格处需要动词，表示“执行，完成”。perform(执行，完成)符合语境。neglecting(忽视)，advanced(使进步)，simple(弄简单)不符合语境。3.cause解析：句意“这种能力可能导致______重大的经济动荡”。空格处需要动词，表示“引起，造成”。cause(引起，造成)符合语境。minor(使变小)，considerable(使值得考虑)，temporary(使暂时)不符合语境。4.generate解析：句意“支持者认为人工智能将alsocreatenewjobcategories,potentially______更多的机会”。空格处需要动词，表示“产生，创造”。generate(产生，创造)符合语境。destroy(破坏)，reduce(减少)，limit(限制)不符合语境。5.extensive解析：句意“AI系统通常需要______的个人数据来运行”。空格处需要形容词，修饰data。extensive(大量的，广泛的)符合语境。limited(有限的)，minimal(最小的)，specific(特定的)不符合语境。6.utilize解析：句意“我们如何确保在保护个人隐私的同时still______它的好处？”。空格处需要动词，表示“利用，运用”。utilize(利用，运用)符合语境。ignore(忽视)，waste(浪费)，abandon(放弃)不符合语境。7.future解析：句意“我们今天的选择将塑造我们与科技______的未来”。空格处需要名词，表示“未来”。future(未来)符合语境。conflicts(冲突)，separations(分离)，communications(交流)不符合语境。8.hidden解析：句意“如果偏见嵌入用于训练AI模型的数据中，该系统本身可能会______并甚至放大这些偏见”。空格处需要形容词，修饰biases。hidden(隐藏的)符合语境。visible(可见的)，connected(连接的)，separate(separate的)不符合语境。9.accountable解析：句意“确保AI系统是透明的——意味着其决策过程可以被人类理解——并且有机制将开发者和使用者______他们的行为是负责任的部分”。空格处需要形容词，修饰people。accountable(有责任的，可解释的)符合语境。independent(独立的)，responsible(负责的)，authority(权威的)不符合语境。10.avoid解析：句意“只有通过政府、企业和民间社会的共同努力，我们才能希望利用AI的力量，而不______意想不到的负面后果”。空格处需要动词，表示“避免”。avoid(避免)符合语境。plan(计划)，deliberate(故意)，expected(期望)不符合语境。第二部分词汇辨析1.B解析：grapplingwith(面对)指积极应对难题。engagingwith(参与讨论/处理)最接近。neglecting(忽视)，overcoming(克服)，observing(观察)意思不符。2.B解析：sophisticated(复杂的，先进的)指技术或思想复杂精深。advanced(先进的)意思最接近。primitive(原始的)，simple(简单的)，outdated(过时的)意思相反或不符。3.B解析：significant(重要的，显著的)指程度或影响很大。considerable(相当的，大量的)意思最接近。minor(轻微的)，temporary(暂时的)，superficial(表面的)意思不符。4.B解析：createopportunities(创造机会)。offeropportunities(提供机会)意思最接近。destroy(破坏)，reduce(减少)，limit(限制)意思相反。5.C解析：vastamountsof(大量的)指数量庞大。extensive(大量的，广泛的)意思最接近。limited(有限的)，minimal(最少的)，specific(特定的)意思不符。6.C解析：harnessbenefits(利用好处)。utilizebenefits(利用好处)意思最接近。ignore(忽视)，waste(浪费)，abandon(放弃)意思相反。7.C解析：interactions(互动)指相互交流。communications(交流)意思最接近。conflicts(冲突)，separations(分离)，interruptions(打扰)意思不符。8.C解析：embeddedbiases(嵌入的偏见)。hiddenbiases(隐藏的偏见)意思最接近。visible(可见的)，connected(连接的)，separate(separate的)意思不符。9.B解析：accountablefor(对...负责)。responsiblefor(对...负责)意思最接近。independent(独立的)，authority(权威的)，capability(能力)意思不符。10.D解析：addictedto(对...上瘾)。addictedto(对...上瘾)可以是game，internet或drug，也可以是其他事物。planned(计划的)，deliberate(故意的)，expected(期望的)意思不符。第三部分词形转换1.Discovery解析：句意“______penicillinrevolutionized...”。空格处需要一个名词作主语，替换原文的动名词短语。动词discover的名词形式为discovery。2.willing解析：句意“Sheisalways_______tohelp...”。空格处需要形容词作表语，修饰主语She。willing(愿意的)是动词willing的形容词形式。3.attention解析：句意“His_______todetailisimpressive...”。空格处需要一个名词作主语，替换原文的介词短语。动词attend的名词形式为attention。4.comfort解析：句意“Thecompanyimplementednewpoliciestoimproveemployee_______.”。空格处需要一个名词作宾语，替换原文的介词短语。动词comfort的名词形式为comfort。5.survival解析：句意“Wemusttakemeasurestoprotectthe_______ofendangeredspecies.”。空格处需要一个名词作宾语，替换原文的介词短语。动词survive的名词形式为survival。6.training解析：句意“Theathlete's_______trainedhim...”。空格处需要一个名词作主语，替换原文的动名词短语。动词train的名词形式为training。7.leisure解析：句意“Itisimportanttomaintainabalancebetweenworkand_______.”。空格处需要一个名词，与work形成对比。leisure(休闲，空闲)符合语境。8.soluti