高二英语期末模拟卷（全解全析）（上海专用）

更多全科试卷及资料，请关注公众号：高中试卷君2023-2024学年高二英语下学期期末模拟卷I.ListeningComprehension（第1-10题,每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分）SectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1．A．Camping. B．Travelling. C．Sporting. D．Shopping.【答案】A【原文】M:You’reabsolutelyright.It’ssuchagoodescapefromeverydaylife.W:Yes.Ilovesleepingoutside,cookingoveranopenfireandhearingallthenaturesounds.Q:Whataretheymostprobablytalkingabout?2．A．Finland. B．Egypt. C．Mexico. D．Zambia.【答案】D【原文】W:Wherewouldyouprobablygoforthiscomingvacation?M:Hmm.IthinkIwouldgotoSouthernAfrica.Q:Whichofthefollowingcountrieswillthemanprobablygo?3．A．Ataspecialparty. B．Atahair-dressingsalon.C．Atanightclub. D．Atafashionshow.【答案】B【原文】M:Howwouldyoulikeyourhairtoday?Thesamestyleasusual?W:IhaveaspecialpartytoattendtonightandI’dliketochangemystyle.Q:Wheredoesthedialoguemostprobablyhappen?4．A．SheisalsoafanofArgentina. B．Sheisalsoworkingveryhard.C．ShelovesAmericanfootballsomuch. D．SheworksfortheWorldCup.【答案】B【原文】M:I’msavingupmyvacationtimeatworksoIcangototheWorldCupnextyear.W:Really?Metoo.Actually,I’manArgentinafan.Q:Whydoesthewomansay“Metoo.”?5．A．Shethrewsomethingatatruck. B．Shethrewherselfoutofwindowandbrokeherleg.C．Shemovedatrucktosavealittleboy. D．Sherushedtoamovingtrucktosaveakid.【答案】D【原文】W:What?Sarabrokeherleg?Whathappened?M:Well.Shethrewherselfinfrontofamovingtrucktosavealittleboyinthemiddleoftheroad.Q:WhatdidSarado?6．A．Theyplannedtogoskiingintherain. B．Theyjustwanttograbthechance.C．Theywillprobablychangetheirmind. D．They’llgoskiingevenintherain.【答案】C【原文】M:Theweatherforecastsaidthatthereisachanceofraintomorrow.We’llstillgoskiing?W:Maybeweshouldn’triskit.I’mnotsureIwanttogetstuckintherain.Q:Whatdowelearnfromthetalk?7．A．Lisalikesthemessysituation. B．Lisamadethemess.C．HeandLisaaresettlingaproblem. D．Lisalikesthenewplace.【答案】D【原文】W:Howareyousettlingin?M:Oh,wearestillinabitofamess,butLisaseemstolikeithere.Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?8．A．Theladyshouldstopbeingpatient. B．Hecan’tunderstandthelady’sfeeling.C．Theladyshouldnotblameothers. D．Nobodymaybeinterestedinherproblem.【答案】C【原文】W:Youjustdon’tknowwhatIfeel!Everythingisgettingworse,becauseofhim.M:Stopblamingotherpeople.Bepatient,andthinkpositively.Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?9．A．CertaingiftfromHawaii. B．Agrandweddingparty.C．TwoplaneticketstoHawaii. D．Apictureofthemoon.【答案】C【原文】M:Congratulations!It’sabsolutelyagrandweddingparty.HaveyouopenedthegiftIgaveyou?W:Yes.Thanksalot.Hawaiiisaniceplaceforthehoneymoon.Q:What’sprobablythegift?10．A．Theywenttoseeamovie. B．Thedancersimpressedthemboth.C．Thewomanisalsoadancer. D．Themaninvitedtheladytotheshow.【答案】B【原文】M:Whatafantasticperformance!Thankyouforinvitingmetothemusical.W:Youarewelcome.I’mhappyyouenjoyedtheshow.Thedancerswereamazing.ItremindsmeofwhenIusedtodance.Q:Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation,andyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachofthepassagesandtheconversation.Thepassagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.A．Aircraftdesign. B．Mathematics. C．Engineering. D．Science.12．A．40. B．14. C．4. D．0.13．A．Shestucktostudyingengineeringatcollege.B．Sheaddressedtostudentsathighschoolsandcolleges.C．Shetriedtopersuadewomennottodoengineeringforitshardwork.D．Sheresearcheddefensesystemsofsatellitesandrockets.【答案】11．B12．D13．B【原文】MaryRosswasbornonAugust9,1908,inthestateofOklahoma.Herworkisconsideredcriticaltotheearlystagesoftheageofspacetravel.Rossshowedspecialabilitiesinmathandsciencefromanearlyage.Asastudent,shedevelopedaninterestinaviation,thepracticeofflyingaircraft.Shewentontoearnamaster’sdegreeinmathematicsfromColoradoStateTeachersCollege-nowcalledtheUniversityofNorthernColorado.DuringWorldWarII,RossbeganworkingfortheLockheedAircraftCorporationasamathematician.There,shewasurgedtocompleteworkinaircraftengineering.SheearnedaspecialcertificationinthefieldfromtheUniversityofCalifornia-LosAngelesin1949.RosswaslaterchosentojoinLockheed’stop-secretSkunkWorksteamthatworkedonaircraftdesigns.Thenamereferstoagroupthatispermittedtoworkindependentlyonadvancedprojects.Shewastheonlyfemaleengineeramongtheteam’s40members.Earlyon,sheresearcheddefensesystems.Bythelate1950s,herworkcenteredonsatellitesandaseriesofspacerocketscalledAgenda.Therocketswereextremelyimportantinthe1960sduringtheApollomoonprogram.RossretiredfromLockheedin1973.ButshecontinuedtogivetalksathighschoolsandcollegestoencouragemorewomenandNativeAmericanstostudyengineering.MaryRossdiedin2008,afewmonthsbeforeher100thbirthday.Questions:11.InwhatmajordidRossgethermaster’sdegree?12.HowmanyfemalecolleaguesdidRosshavewhenworkinginaLockheed’stop-secretteam?13.WhatdidRossgoontodoafterherretirement?Questions14through17arebasedonthefollowingtalk.14．A．Asavingaccountinasinglename. B．Asavingaccountinjointnames.C．Acheckingaccountinasinglename. D．Acheckingaccountinjointnames.15．A．4. B．3 C．2 D．116．A．Theladyandherbrothersorsisters. B．Thelady’sparents.C．Theladyandherfather. D．Theladyandhermother.17．A．Identificationpaper,photograph,aletterofintroductionandsomemoney.B．Identificationpaper,someclarifications,aletterofintroductionandsomemoney.C．Aletterofintroduction,photographs,acheckbookandsomemoney.D．Drivinglicense,identificationpaper,photos,andaletterofintroduction.【答案】14．B15．A16．C17．A【原文】W:Goodmorning,sir.MayIcomein?M:Goodmorning.Yes,please.Takeaseat.Iguessyouwanttoopenanaccount,right?W:Yes.M:Great!Whataccountdoyouwanttoopen,acheckingaccountorasavingsaccount?W:Iwouldliketoopenasavingsaccountinyourbank.Whatistheprocedure?M:Wouldyouliketoopenanaccountinasinglenameorinjointnames?W:Iwouldliketoopenajointaccountwithmyfather.M:Inthatcasebothofyouhavetopresentidentificationpapersandasetoftwophotographseach.W:WoulditbealrightifIbroughtaphotocopyofmydrivinglicense?M:Yes,thatwouldbefine.Infact,photocopiesofyourvoter’scardelectricitybill,ordrivinglicenseareaccepted.W:Isthatallthatisrequired?M:Justonemorerequirement.Weneedanintroductionbyanaccountholderofourbank.W:FineI’llgetthat.Justtwomoreclarifications,please.Whatistheminimumbankbalanceneededforopeningtheaccountandwhatistheinterestrateonasavingsaccount?M:Theminimumbalanceis$500andweareofferinganinterestrateof3.5%onthesavingsaccountthesedays.W:I’llbebackwithallthestuffneeded.M:Yes,onopeninganaccountwithuswewillgiveyouachequebookforwithdrawalsandapassbookforkeepinganaccount.Bothyouandyourfathercanoperatetheaccount.W:Thankyouforallthehelp.M:Afriendlyandpromptcustomerserviceisourmotto.Questions:14.Whatkindofaccountdoestheladywanttoopen?15.Howmanyphotosdoestheladyneedtoprepareforanewaccount?16.Whomaywithdrawmoneyfromtheaccount?17.Whatdoesapersonneedtoopenasavingsaccountinthisbank?Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.18．A．TheSouthAtlanticOcean. B．ThecoastofSouthAmerica.C．Africancontinent. D．ThecoastofAngola.19．A．Hestudiesthesimilaritiesbetweenancientandmodernanimals.B．Hediscoverstheremainsofancientseaanimalsonthecoast.C．HestudiesthecauseofseparationofSouthAmericaandAfrica.D．Hehelpsdothearrangementoftheancientanimalremainsinamuseum.20．A．Becausetheremainswereexposedonthecoast.B．Becausetheseanimalsusedtoliveclosetoeachotherinoneplace.C．Becausetheseanimalsweredriventooneplaceandkilled.D．Becausetheseanimalswerealleatenbyonelarge,fierceancientseaanimal.【答案】18．D19．D20．B【原文】Millionsofyearsago,manylarge,strange-lookingseacreatureslivedinwhatisnowtheSouthAtlanticOcean.ScientistssaythecontinentsofSouthAmericaandAfricaseparatedmillionsofyearsago.Asthishappened,theysay,manykindsofdangerousanimalsandotherlifeformssettledinthenewlyformedbodyofwateroffthecoastofAngola.Today,scientistsarestudyingancientanimalremainsdiscoveredontheAngolancoast.Theyknewtherewouldberemainsinthearea,but“didn’tknowhowgoodtheywouldbe.”JacobsandateamofscientistsandstudentshelpedpreparetheremainstobeshownattheNationalMuseumofNaturalHistoryinWashington,D.C.Hesaidvisitorstothemuseumcanseethesimilaritybetweentheancientandmodernoceanenvironmentandanimals.MichaelPolcyn,anotherresearcher,saysoneancientfish-eatinganimalhadalongnoseandteethsimilartothatofadolphin.Henotesthatvisitorscanseetheremainsoflarge,fierceanimals,aswellasgentlercreatureslikeanancientgiantseaturtle.“Wehaveaclearpictureofthismomentintime72millionyearsagothathaspreservedalloftheseanimalsthatwerelivingtogetherinoneplace.”Scientistssayalargerockfromspacehittheearthmillionsofyearsagoandkilledmostoftheanimals.Questions:18.Wherearescientistsstudyingtheancientanimalremains?19.WhatdoesJacobsdo?20.Whycouldscientistsfindsomanyancientanimalremains?II.GrammarandVocabulary（每题1分；共20分）SectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.Futureliving:whatwillthehomeoftomorrowlooklike?Whatwillourhomesbelikeinthefuture?Growingcities,shrinkinglivingspaces,andclimatechangearemajorchallenges21(face)urbanplannersandarchitects.We’resharingthreetrendswithyou22willshapethehomeweliveintomorrow.EnergyefficientandcarbonneutralOneofthegreatestchallengesforhomesofthefutureisourincreasingenergyconsumption,somethingthatcannotbecoveredbyfossilfuelsgoingforward.23theimpactofclimatechangebecomingnotable,it’sperfectlyunderstandablethatthebuildingsofthefuturecouldfunctionasenvironmentallyfriendlypowerplants.Solarcollectorsandheatstoragesystemsallow24areknownas“plus-energybuildings”toproduce100percentrenewableenergyforemission-freeoperation.ThetrendtodownsizingLivingmoreefficientlynotonlymeansimprovingenergyuseandreducingone’sowncarbonfootprint,butalsobuildingtosavespace.Rooms25(design)tobemultifunctionalwhenthere’snotadedicatedroomavailableforeverypotentialpurpose.Modularandflexiblefurnishingsystemsthatcanbeadaptedtotheindividualfloorspaceandroomzoneswillreplace26(fix)structures,ensuringthatthere’sroomforeverythingeveninasmallspace.TrendsforlivingandworkingunderoneroofOverthelastfewmonths,theoffice27(become)afeatureinmanypeople’shomes.Foranumberofyearsnow,thehomeofficehasbeenevolvingfromamake-dodeskintoacomfortablelong-termsolution.Thisdevelopmentmeansweneedtoask28howweshouldconstructourlivingspacestoallowustoconcentrateandworkproductively.29yourentorownyourownhomeinthefuture,what’sclearisthatthehomeoftomorrowwillbesmarter,moreflexible,andmoresustainable.Itwillofferusspace30(live),sleepandworkbothindoorsandoutdoors.【答案】21．facing22．that/which23．With24．what25．willbedesigned26．fixed27．hasbecome28．ourselves29．Whether30．tolive【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了未来家居发展的三个主要趋势：能源高效和碳中和趋势、小型化趋势以及居住和工作一体化趋势。21．考查非谓语动词。句意：城市发展、居住空间缩小和气候变化是城市规划者和建筑师面临的主要挑战。“1(face)urbanplannersandarchitects”作后置定语，空格处单词应填非谓语动词，face（面临，面对）与其逻辑主语challenges之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动。故填facing。22．考查定语从句。句意：我们将与大家分享三个趋势，它们将塑造我们未来的家园。分析句子可知，空格处单词引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词threetrends，指物，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语，应使用关系代词that或which引导该从句。故填that或which。23．考查with复合结构。句意：随着气候变化的影响越来越明显，未来的建筑可以作为环保发电厂是完全可以理解的。分析句子结构并根据句意可知，“3theimpactofclimatechangebecomingnotable”作原因状语，其中becoming是非谓语动词，可用介词with构成with复合结构作状语，句首单词首字母大写。故填With。24．考查宾语从句。句意：太阳能集热器和蓄热系统允许所谓的“附加能源建筑”产生100%的可再生能源，实现零排放运行。“areknownas‘plus-energybuildings’”是宾语从句，从句缺少主语，表示“被称为‘附加能源建筑’的事物”，用连接代词what引导该从句并在句中作主语。故填what。25．考查时态和语态。句意：当没有一个专门的房间可以用于每个潜在的用途时，房间将被设计成多功能的。分析句子可知，空格处单词是主句的谓语动词，design（设计）与主语Rooms之间是被动关系，根据语境可知，文中描述的是将来的情况，应使用一般将来时态。综上，谓语应用一般将来时的被动语态。故填willbedesigned。26．考查形容词。句意：模块化和灵活的家具系统可以适应单独的楼层空间和房间区域，将取代固定的结构，确保即使在小空间中也有空间容纳所有东西。提示词作定语，修饰名词structures，应用形容词fixed，意为“固定的”。故填fixed。27．考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：在过去的几个月里，办公室已经成为许多人家里的一个特色。分析句子可知，空格处单词是句中谓语动词，become（成为）与主语theoffice之间是主动关系，故句子应用主动语态，结合时间状语“Overthelastfewmonths”可知，句子应使用现在完成时，又因主语theoffice是单数名词，所以现在完成时的助动词应使用has。故填hasbecome。28．考查反身代词。句意：这种发展意味着我们需要问自己，我们应该如何构建我们的生活空间，使我们能够集中精力，高效地工作。根据句意，此处表示“我们需要问自己”，在means后的宾语从句中，主语we和ask后的宾语是同一对象，用反身代词ourselves。故填ourselves。29．考查状语从句。句意：无论你将来是租房还是买房，有一点是明确的，那就是未来的家将会更智能、更灵活、更可持续。“9yourentorownyourownhomeinthefuture”是让步状语从句，结合句中or可知，用连词whether...or...引导让步状语从句，意为“无论……还是……”；句首单词首字母大写。故填Whether。30．考查非谓语动词。句意：它将为我们提供室内外生活、睡眠和工作的空间。“live,sleepandwork”作后置定语，描述space的用途，即这个空间是“为了居住、睡眠和工作而提供的”，用不定式可以表达一个具体的、尚未发生的动作，符合句中对未来场景的描述。故填tolive。SectionBDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A．adaptableB．capacityCcomplicatedD．declineE.demandF.evaluatingG.highlightedH.impactsI.occursJ.pursuingK.surviveEconomicssurvivebycontinuallyrespondingtotheworldaroundthem.Thismeansemployingnewtechnologiesorexploitingnewinternationalmarketswhen31growth.Today,theseglobalshifts—dramaticshockstoeconomies—occurmorefrequently,aremore32and,inknowledge-basedeconomiesaremoredependentontalentthanever.Incountrieswhereaworkforcelackstheskillsthataresuddenlyin33,weseeaskillsgapemerge.Thisleadstohigherunemploymentrateswhilevacanciesincreaseandproductivityandgrowthdecline.Sohowcaneconomies34?Byadapting.However,unlikethemacro-strategiesofthelastcentury,people—notjustpolicy—mustdrivetoday’sadaptability.Employersandpolicymakershavelong35theimportanceofaflexibleworkforce,butuntilnowithasbeendifficulttoisolatethehumanelement—thewillingnessandabilityofemployeestoseekoutandfindopportunitiesacrossmultipleemployers,locationsandindustries.Ournewabilitytomeasureitandanalysetalentadaptability—andtostarttounderstandwhatdrivesit—arecrucialstepsforward.The36ofamarkettomatchsupplyanddemandefficientlydependsontheabilityandwillingnessofemployersandemployeestoadapttochangingcircumstancesandalign(使一致)skillswithavailableopportunities.Ifthisalignmentislessthanperfect,amismatch37andoptimumproductivitycan’tbereached.AdapttoSurviveforthefirsttimebringstogetherthetwomostcomprehensivesourcesoftalentdataintheworld:thereal-timebehavioursdrawnfromLinkedIn’s277millionmembersandemployerinformationfromPwC’sSaratogadatabaseofpeopleandperformancemetrics(指标)whichcoversmorethan2,600employersacrosstheglobe.Thisreportsetsanewbenchmarkfor38acountry’sabilitytomatchtalentwithopportunityandthemovementofpeoplebetweenindustries—theTalentAdaptabilityScore.Thisscoreisgivento11countries.Foreachcountry,weevaluatehowtheScore39economicperformance.Ourrecommendationsareorganisedaroundfourgroups:●Individuals—Proveyouradaptability.●Employers—Seekout,nurtureandrewardtalentswhocanadapt.●Educators—Offercoursesandjobtrainingthatproduce40people.●Governments—Createaclimateofadaptability.【答案】31．J32．C33．E34．K35．G36．B37．I38．F39．H40．A【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了经济体制如何通过适应不断变化的环境来生存，特别是在全球化和知识型经济背景下，对人才的依赖日益增加。文章还介绍了AdapttoSurvive这份报告，该报告利用领英和普华永道Saratoga的数据，为评估国家的人才适应能力设定了新的基准——人才适应性得分。31．考查非谓语动词。句意：这意味着在追求增长的同时采用新技术或开拓新的国际市场。when引导的状语从句同时省略了主语和be动词，空处是非谓语动词，结合“growth”可推知，J项pursuing“追求”符合题意，表示追求增长。故填J。32．考查形容词。句意：今天，这些全球变化——对经济的巨大冲击——发生得更频繁、更复杂，而且在知识型经济体中，比以往任何时候都更加依赖人才。空处和more构成形容词比较级，作句子的表语，结合“theseglobalshifts”可推知，C项complicated“复杂的”符合题意，表示全球变化更复杂。故填C。33．考查名词。句意：在劳动力缺乏突然有需求的技能的国家，我们看到了技能差距的出现。空处作介词in的宾语，构成介词短语，作that引导的定语从句的表语，结合“aworkforcelackstheskills”可推知，E项demand“需求”符合题意，短语beindemand意为“有需要”，表示突然有需求的技能。故填E。34．考查动词。句意：那么，经济体如何生存呢？空处和情态动词can构成句子的谓语，结合上一段中的“Thisleadstohigherunemploymentrateswhilevacanciesincreaseandproductivityandgrowthdecline.”可推知，K项survive“生存”符合题意，提问经济体如何生存。故填K。35．考查动词。句意：雇主和政策制定者长期以来一直强调灵活劳动力的重要性，但到目前为止，很难将人的因素孤立出来——员工在多个雇主、地点和行业中寻找和找到机会的意愿和能力。空处和助动词have构成句子的谓语，结合“theimportanceofaflexibleworkforce”可推知，G项highlighted“强调”符合题意，表示强调灵活劳动力的重要性。故填G。36．考查名词。句意：市场有效匹配供需的能力取决于雇主和雇员适应不断变化的环境并将技能与现有机会结合起来的能力和意愿。空处作句子的主语，结合“tomatchsupplyanddemandefficiently”可推知，B项capacity“能力”符合题意，固定搭配capacitytodosth.意为“做某事的能力”，表示有效匹配供需的能力。故填B。37．考查动词。句意：如果这种一致不够完美，就会发生不匹配，无法达到最佳生产力。空处作谓语，结合“amismatch”可推知，I项occurs“发生”符合题意，表示会发生不匹配。故填I。38．考查非谓语动词。句意：这份报告为评估一个国家将人才与机会相匹配的能力以及人员在不同行业之间流动的能力设定了一个新的基准——人才适应性得分。空处作介词for的宾语，空后有名词短语，结合“anewbenchmarkfor”可推知，F项evaluating“评估”符合题意，表示评估的基准。故填F。39．考查动词。句意：对于每个国家，我们评估分数如何影响经济表现。空处作how引导的宾语从句的谓语，结合“economicperformance”可推知，H项impacts“影响”符合题意，表示影响经济表现。故填H。40．考查形容词。句意：教育者——提供课程和职业培训，培养适应能力强的人才。空处作修饰people的定语，结合其他三点中涉及到的“adaptability”和“adapt”可推知，A项adaptable“适应性强的”符合题意，表示培养适应能力强的人才。故填A。III.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA.B.CandD.FillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontextIfyouareexperiencingphysicalsymptomsthatcouldindicateburnout,considerseeingyourprimarycaredoctororamentalhealthprofessionaltodeterminewhethertheyaredrivenbystressorrootedinotherphysicalcondition,Dr.Dyrbyesaid.Don’tjusttakenonoticeofthesymptomsandassumetheyare41.“It’sreallyeasyto42yourownsymptom,especiallyinourculture,wherewearetaughttoworkhard,”Dr.Goldsaid.Ifitisburnout,thenthebestsolutionisto43therootoftheproblem.Burnoutistypicallyrecognisedwhenitisjob-driven,butchronicstresscanhaveavarietyof44—financialproblems,relationshipdifficulties,andcaregivingburdens,amongotherthings.“Thinkaboutthepebblesinyourshoeallthetimethatyouhaveto45,”Dr.Maslachsaid,“andbrainstormwaysto46someofthem,atleastsomeofthetime.Perhapsyoucanaskyourpartnertohelpmorewithyourtoddler’sbedtimeroutine,orgettakeoutwhenyou’reespeciallybusysoyoudon’thavetoplandinner,too.”Despitepopularculturecoverageoftheissue,burnoutcan’tbe“fixed”withbetterself-care,Dr.Maslachsaid—infact,this47onlyworsenstheproblem,becauseitlaystheblameandresponsibilityonthosewithburnoutandimpliesthattheyshoulddomoretofeelbetter,whichisnotthecase,shesaid.However,somelifestyle48canmakeburnoutlesslikely.Socialsupport,forinstance,canhelp,Dr.Goldsaid.Thiscouldincludetalkingtoatherapistormeetingwithfriends(evenifoverZoom).Itmayalsohelpto49mentalhealthorexercisebenefitsofferedbyyouremployer.Sleepingmorecanhelptoo—soifyou’re50fromalackofsleep,talktoadoctoraboutpossibletreatments,Dr.Bennettsuggested.Whenburnout51job-relateddifficulties,itmayhelptorequestbetterworkingconditions.Dr.Maslachsuggestedbrainstormingwithco-workersandpresentingyour52withideasthatwouldhelp—likeprovidingquietareasforbreaksandpersonalphonecalls,creating“nomeeting”dayssothatemployeescanhavemoretimeto53,orensuringthatthere’salwayscoffeeinthebreakroom.Evensmallchangeslikethesecanreducetheriskforburnoutiftheyfixaproblempeople54atworkeveryday.“It’sthelastingjobstressorsthatmakepeoplereally55afterawhile.Theydon’thavetherightequipment,theydon’thavethethingstheyneed,theydon’thaveenoughpeopletodothework,”Dr.Maslachsaid.41．A．beneficial B．insignificant C．straightforward D．overwhelming42．A．stress B．ignore C．observe D．recognize43．A．address B．discount C．conceal D．stretch44．A．subjects B．signs C．causes D．impacts45．A．passon B．writedown C．relyon D．dealwith46．A．relieve B．remove C．recover D．remark47．A．implication B．innovation C．indication D．intention48．A．audiences B．choices C．performances D．sentences49．A．takechargeof B．haveinterestin C．takenoticeof D．makeuseof50．A．suffering B．shocking C．spreading D．motivating51．A．accountsfor B．dependson C．resultsfrom D．contributesto52．A．employer B．librarian C．customer D．participant53．A．ensure B．focus C．revise D．check54．A．neglect B．witness C．encounter D．emphasize55．A．amazed B．delighted C．surprised D．frustrated【答案】41．B42．B43．A44．C45．D46．B47．A48．B49．D50．A51．C52．A53．B54．C55．D【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍职业倦怠的问题。41．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不要忽视这些症状，以为它们无关紧要。A.beneficial有益的；B.insignificant无意义的；C.straightforward直接的；D.overwhelming势不可挡的。根据上文“Don’tjusttakenonoticeofthesymptoms”可知，人们会忽视这些症状，应该是认为它们无关紧要，所以作者才建议人们不要忽视这些症状。故选B。42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：戈尔德博士说：“忽视自己的症状真的很容易，尤其是在我们的文化中，我们被教导要努力工作。”A.stress压力；B.ignore忽视；C.observe观察；D.recognize认出。根据下文“inourculture,wherewearetaughttoworkhard”可知，在Dr.Gold的文化中，人们被教导要努力工作，所以他们应该是很容易就忽视了因为工作而导致的疲劳问题。故选B。43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果是倦怠，那么最好的解决方案就是解决问题的根源。A.address解决；B.discount打折；C.conceal取消；D.stretch伸展。根据上文“solution”可知，这里应该是指要解决问题的根源。故选A。44．考查名词词义辨析。句意：倦怠通常是由工作驱动的，但慢性压力有多种原因——经济问题、关系困难和照顾负担等。A.subjects话题；B.signs符号；C.causes原因；D.impacts影响。根据下文“financialproblems,relationshipdifficulties,andcaregivingburdens”可知，这些是导致慢性压力的原因。故选C。45．考查动词短语辨析。句意：Maslach博士说：“时刻想想你鞋子里的鹅卵石，想出一些去除它们的方法，至少在某些时候是这样。也许你可以让你的伴侣更多地帮助你蹒跚学步的孩子的就寝时间，或者在你特别忙的时候叫外卖，这样你就不必计划晚餐了。”A.passon传递；B.writedown写下；C.relyon依赖；D.dealwith处理。根据上文“Thinkaboutthepebblesinyourshoeallthetime”可知，鞋子里有鹅卵石，接下来应该是要想方法去解决这个问题。故选D。46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：见第5题详解。A.relieve缓解；B.remove移除；C.recover康复；D.remark评论。根据上文“brainstormways”可知，鞋子里有鹅卵石，要想出一些去除它们的方法。故选B。47．考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，这一暗示只会使问题恶化，因为它将过错和责任归咎于倦怠者，并暗示他们应该做更多的事情来感觉更好，但事实并非如此。A.implication含义，影响；B.innovation创新；C.indication表明；D.intention意图。根据下文“implies”可知，这里指上文提到的“但倦怠并不能通过更好的自我照顾来‘解决’”暗含的意思。故选A。48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，一些生活方式的选择会降低倦怠的可能性。A.audiences观众；B.choices选择；C.performances表演；D.sentences句子。根据下文“Thiscouldincludetalkingtoatherapistormeetingwithfriends(evenifoverZoom).”可知，这里指人们选择的生活方式。故选B。49．考查动词短语辨析。句意：这也可能有助于利用雇主提供的心理健康或锻炼福利。A.takechargeof管理；B.haveinterestin对……感兴趣；C.takenoticeof注意；D.makeuseof利用。根据下文“mentalhealthorexercisebenefits”可知，这里指人们可以利用心理健康或锻炼福利来达到缓解倦怠的目的。故选D。50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Bennett博士建议，多睡也有帮助，所以如果你睡眠不足，可以和医生谈谈可能的治疗方法。A.suffering遭受；B.shocking震惊；C.spreading展开；D.motivating有动力。根据下文“fromalackofsleep”可知，这里指一些人正在遭受睡眠不足的痛苦。故选A。51．考查动词短语辨析。句意：当工作相关的困难导致倦怠时，要求更好的工作条件可能会有所帮助。A.accountsfor占比；B.dependson依赖；C.resultsfrom因为；D.contributesto对……有贡献。根据下文“job-relateddifficulties”可知，这里应该是指工作相关的困难可能会导致倦怠。故选C。52．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Maslach博士建议与同事集思广益，向雇主提出一些有帮助的想法，比如提供安静的休息区和私人电话，创造“不开会”的日子，让员工有更多的时间集中注意力，或者确保休息室里总是有咖啡。A.employer雇主；B.librarian图书馆；C.customer顾客；D.participant参与者。根据下文“withideasthatwouldhelp”可知，这里应该是指把有帮助的想法告诉给老板。故选A。53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：见第12题详解。A.ensure确保；B.focus集中；C.revise修改；D.check检查。根据上文“creating“nomeeting”days”可知，创造“不开会”的日子，应该是可以让员工有更多的时间集中注意力在工作上。故选B。54．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果能解决人们每天在工作中遇到的问题，即使是这样的小变化也能降低倦怠的风险。A.neglect忽视；B.witness目睹；C.encounter遇见；D.emphasize强调。根据上文“problem”可知，这里应该是指人们在工作中遇到的问题。故选C。55．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Maslach博士说：“正是持久的工作压力让人们在一段时间后感到沮丧。他们没有合适的设备，没有所需的东西，没有足够的人来做这项工作。”A.amazed吃惊的；B.delighted高兴的；C.surprised吃惊的；D.frustrated沮丧的。根据上文“thelastingjobstressors”可知，持久的工作压力应该是会让人们在一段时间后感到沮丧。故选D。SectionB Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread. (A)Attheendof2019,IlearnedthatHereAfterAI,whosegoalistoletthelivingcommunicatewiththedead,waslookingforapplicantsofitsnewAIproject.Interestedinwhatitwaspromising,Iappliedtoexperimentthesoftwareonmyvery-much-aliveparents.Atfirst,Ithoughtitwouldbejustafunprojecttoseewhatwastechnologicallypossible.Thentheirhealthconditionaddedsomeurgencytotheexperiment.IwasfrightenedthatmyparentsmightdiesincemyfatherhadbeendiagnosedwithcancerandmymotherwasrecentlydevelopingsymptomsofearlyAlzheimer’sdisease,andthatwiththedistancebetweenus,Imightneverhavethechancetosaygoodbye.Thefirststepwasaninterview.Myparentswereaskedquestionsbyatechnicianforhours—abouteverythingfromtheirearliestmemoriestowhattheybelievewillhappenaftertheydie.Whetherthroughillness-generatedconcernsorawillingnesstohumortheirdaughter,myparentsputupzeroresistance.Thecompanythentooktheirresponsesandstartedtocreatethevoiceassistants.Afewmonthsla