山东省济南市长清区高二上学期期中学习质量检测英语试题 【含答案详解】

2025—2026学年度第一学期高二年级期中考试英语试题注意事项：1.本试卷考试时间为120分钟，试卷满分150分，考试形式闭卷。2.本试卷中所有试题必须作答在答题卡上规定的位置，否则不给分。3.答题前，务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写在试卷及答题卡上。第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面五段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C.1.Whenwillthewomanprobablyseethedoctortomorrow?A.At9:30am.B.At10:30am.C.At11:10am.2.Howdidthemanreachherethistimeintheend?A.Bycar.B.Bybus.C.Bybike.3.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Billwillfinishthepapersoon.B.Billisnotgoingtowritethepaper.C.Billseldomcompleteshisworkearly.4.Whatisthewomangoingtodofirst?A.Sendthee-mail.B.Fixthecomputer.C.Gototheclub.5.Whowanttogoonholiday?A.BobandTom.BBobandhisdad.C.Bobandhismom.第二节（共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6.Whatdoesthewomanprobablydo?A.Alibrarian.B.Aprogrammer.C.Ateacher.7.Whatinformationdoesthemanlookfor?A.Somespecialinformationoncomputers.B.Somegeneralinformationoncomputers.C.Someparticularinformationonmagazines.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8.Whydidthemanfailtoreservearoom?A.Thereweretoomanypeopleduetothefestival.B.Thepricesofthehotelsweretoohigh.C.Thehotelsrefusedhisrequest.9.Howdidthemansolvetheproblemintheend?A.Hewenttoanotherhotel.B.Hetraveledtoanotherplace.C.Hewenttoacolleague'shome.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。10.Whydoesthewomancometothecafe?A.Shecameforaparty.B.Shecameforacoffee.C.Shecameforameeting.11.Whoisthewomanlookingfor?A.Amanwearingablacksuitandaredtie.B.Amantogetherwithhiswifeandson.C.Amanwearingabrownsuitandatie.12.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?AWaiterandcustomer.B.Bossandsecretary.C.Businesspartners.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。13.Whoisgoingtoseethemoviewiththegirl?A.Herdad.B.Herfriend.C.Hermom.14.WhatdoesthegirlhavetodoonWednesday?A.Practicethepiano.B.Pickupherroom.C.Helpherparentscleanthegarage.15.Whichmovieshowingisthegirlgoingtosee?A.5:00pm.B.7:00pm.C.9:00pm.16.Whatwillthemandoforthegirl?A.He'llbuymovieticketsforher.B.He'lldrivehertothemovietheatre.C.He'llhelphercleanthegarage.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题17.Whendidthejazzconcertbeheld?A.LastMonday.B.LastWednesday.C.LastFriday.18.Howmanytimesdidthespeakersuccessfullygettothetheatre?A.Twice.B.Threetimes.C.Fourtimes.19WhichtransportdidthespeakerchooseonFriday?A.Motorbike.B.Taxi.C.Train.20.Whatdoesthespeakerthinkofherexperience?A.Shefeltconfused.B.Shefeltlucky.C.Shefeltupset.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AFallFestival:FallReimaginedattheDetroitZooThisOctober,FALLfortheZooinawholenewway!We’rebringingyouavarietyofeventsthatpromisesomethingforeveryone—fromfamily-friendlyfunto18-and-olderhappenings.SpookySpiritsExperienceexcitingentertainmentatSpookySpirits,ourtastingeventforthoseaged18andover.Asabonus,you’llgetaspecialfirstlookatournewestfeature—JackO’LanternJourney!Withmorethan80drinkstochoosefromanddeliciousfoodoptions,fallhasnevertastedsogood.JackO’LanternJourneyThisjourneyfeaturesilluminated(发光的)pumpkindisplays,andphotoopportunitieswherethemagicoftheseasoncomestolife.CarveoutnewmemoriesasyouexperiencetheBRAND-NEWJackO’LanternJourney!Thismust-seeexperienceisperfectforadatenight,familyoutingornightoutwithyourfriends.ZooBooExploretheZoo,experiencefestivepumpkindisplays,andenjoystrollingentertainment.YoucancapturememorieswiththemedphotoopportunitieswhilevisitingeachofthetreatstationspotsthroughouttheZoo.TheZoowillbeopenuntilsunset,allowingyoutointeractwithyourfavoriteanimalswhilecelebratingtheseason.Thiseventisperfectforfamilieswithyoungchildren!Blake’sMarketExperiencethetrueessenceofautumnatBlake’sMarket—frompumpkinstoirresistiblepies.AttheDetroitZoo’sBlake’sMarket,you’llfindtastytreatsandtheperfectpumpkinforallyourcarvingneeds.Youareexpectedtoenjoydeliciousseasonalfoodandbakedgoodsforsale.EventTimePriceSpookySpiritsOct.4$40JackO’LanternJourneyOct5-6$19ZooBooOct.11-18$19Blake’sMarketOct.20-26free1.Whicheventisspeciallyintendedforadults?A.SpookySpirits. B.JackO’LanternJourney.C.ZooBoo. D.Blake’sMarket.2.WhatcanvisitorsdoonOct.17attheDetroitZoo?A.Makepumpkindisplays. B.Takepicturesofwildlife.C.Enjoyanightoutwithfriends. D.Visittheirfavoriteanimals.3.WhatistheaimoftheFallFestivalattheDetroitZoo?A.Toprovideaplatformforlocalcraftsmen.B.Tointroducethezoo’snewestanimalexhibits.C.Tocelebratetheautumnseasonandattractvisitors.D.Toraisefundsfortheconservationeffortsofthezoo.【答案】1.A2.D3.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是底特律动物园（DetroitZoo）在秋季举办的一个名为“FallFestival:FallReimagined”的庆典活动。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据SpookySpirits部分“ExperienceexcitingentertainmentatSpookySpirits,ourtastingeventforthoseaged18andover.(在SpookySpirits体验令人兴奋的娱乐活动，我们的品尝活动适合18岁及以上的人)”可知，专门为成年人准备的是SpookySpirits。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据表格所示，Oct.17举办的活动是ZooBoo，根据ZooBoo部分的“TheZoowillbeopenuntilsunset,allowingyoutointeractwithyourfavoriteanimalswhilecelebratingtheseason.(动物园将一直开放到日落，让你在庆祝这个季节的同时与你最喜欢的动物互动)”可知，10月17日游客可以见他们最喜欢的动物。故选D。【3题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“ThisOctober,FALLfortheZooinawholenewway!We’rebringingyouavarietyofeventsthatpromisesomethingforeveryone—fromfamily-friendlyfunto18-and-olderhappenings.(今年十月，以一种全新的方式进入动物园吧！我们将为您带来各种各样的活动，保证每个人都能有所收获——从适合家庭的乐趣到18岁及以上的活动)”可知，底特律动物园的FallFestival的主要目的是为了庆祝金秋时节，吸引游客。故选C。BChineseNobelPrize-winningphysicistChenNingYang,oneofthemostinfluentialscientistsinmodernphysics,passedawayinBeijingonOctober18duetoillnessattheageof103.Bornin1922,YangwasbroughtupsurroundedbytheTsinghuacampus,wherehisfatherwasamathprofessor.Afterfinishinghisundergraduatedegree,heobtainedhismaster’sdegreefromTsinghua.HeenrolledintheUniversityofChicagointheUnitedStatestopursueadoctoratein1946andwasstronglyinfluencedbyItalian-AmericanphysicistEnricoFermi,whohadwonthesameNobelPrizein1938,andconductedin-depthresearchonparticlephysics.HelaterbecameaprofessorattheInstituteforAdvancedStudyinPrinceton.YangwontheNobelPrizein1957withTsung-DaoLeefortheirinvestigationoftheso-calledparitylawsthatledto“importantdiscoveriesregardingtheelementaryparticles,”accordingtotheNobelPrizewebsite.TheywerethefirstChinese-bornNobelPrizewinnersinphysics.ProfessorYangwasdeeplydevotedtohishomeland,makingremarkablecontributionstoChina’sscientificandeducationaldevelopments.HisvisittoChinain1971ledtoawaveofvisitsbyoverseasscholars,earninghimrecognitionasthepioneerinbuildingthebridgeofacademicexchangebetweenChinaandtheUnitedStates.HelaterproposedtherestorationandstrengtheningofbasicscientificresearchtoChina’scentralleadership.Healsoraisedfundstoestablishthe“CommitteeonEducationalExchangewithChina”,whichhascontinuouslysponsorednearly100ChinesescholarsforadvancedstudiesintheUnitedStates.ThesescholarslaterbecamethebackboneofChina’sscientificandtechnologicaldevelopment.HeundertookextensiveworktopromoteChina’sscientificandtechnologicalexchangeandprogress,offeringadviceandexercisingsignificantinfluenceonmajorChinesescientificprojectsandtheformulationofscienceandeducationpolicies.AfterreturningtoTsinghuaUniversityin1999,hetookondevelopingtheInstituteforAdvancedStudyashisnewmission.HepouredenormouseffortintoadvancingfundamentaldisciplineslikephysicsandcultivatingtalentsatTsinghua,makingremarkablecontributionsthatgreatlyimpactedthereformanddevelopmentofChinesehighereducation.ProfessorYang’slifestandsasatimelesschapterinhumanhistory—onethatshinesnotonlyforChinabutfortheglobalcommunityofthinkersandinnovators.4.WhoplayedanimportantroleinChenNingYang’swinningtheNobelPrizein1957?A.Hisfatherwhowasamathprofessor.B.Tsung-DaoLeewhowasthefirstChinese-bornNobelPrizewinnerinphysics.C.EnricoFermiwhohadwonthesameNobelPrize.D.AprofessorattheInstituteforAdvancedStudyinPrinceton.5.WhywasYang’s1971visitsignificant?A.ItinitiatedacademicexchangeswiththeUS. B.ItmarkedhisfinalreturntoteachatTsinghua.C.Itfocusedonpoliticaldialogue. D.ItpromotedculturalactivitiesinChina.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“cultivating”inparagraph5mean?A.praising B.nurturing C.discovering D.inviting7.Whatcanthetextbeclassifiedas?A.Journeyinsights. B.bookcommentary. C.Anewsreport. D.Aresearchpaper.【答案】4.C5.A6.B7.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章记述了诺贝尔奖得主物理学家杨振宁的生平事迹及其对中外科学界与教育事业作出的卓越贡献。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“HeenrolledintheUniversityofChicagointheUnitedStatestopursueadoctoratein1946andwasstronglyinfluencedbyItalian-AmericanphysicistEnricoFermi,whohadwonthesameNobelPrizein1938,andconductedin-depthresearchonparticlephysics.(1946年，他进入美国芝加哥大学攻读博士学位，受到1938年同为诺贝尔物理学奖得主的意大利裔美国物理学家恩里科·费米的强烈影响，对粒子物理学进行了深入的研究。)”可知，杨振宁受恩里科·费米的影响对粒子物理进行了深入的研究，这促成了他和李政道提出的宇称定律并最终获得诺贝尔奖。故选C。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“HisvisittoChinain1971ledtoawaveofvisitsbyoverseasscholars,earninghimrecognitionasthepioneerinbuildingthebridgeofacademicexchangebetweenChinaandtheUnitedStates.(1971年，他对中国的访问引发了一波海外学者的访问浪潮，他被公认为建立中美学术交流桥梁的先驱)”可知，此次访问开创了中美学术交流。故选A。【6题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Hepouredenormouseffortintoadvancingfundamentaldisciplineslikephysics(他倾尽全力推动了诸如物理学等基础学科的发展)”以及后文“talentsatTsinghua,makingremarkablecontributionsthatgreatlyimpactedthereformanddevelopmentofChinesehighereducation(清华人才，其贡献之大、影响之深远，对中国高等教育的改革与发展产生了重大影响)”可知，杨振宁对中国高等教育的改革与发展产生了重大影响，说明不仅推动基础学科的发展，还培养教育人才。故划线词意思是“培养、培育”，与nurture同义。故选B。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“ChineseNobelPrize-winningphysicistChenNingYang,oneofthemostinfluentialscientistsinmodernphysics,passedawayinBeijingonOctober18duetoillnessattheageof103.(中国诺贝尔奖得主、现代物理学领域最具影响力的科学家之一陈宁扬于10月18日因病在北京市去世，享年103岁)”结合文章开篇点明杨振宁逝世的核心事件，随后按时间顺序介绍其生平、成就、贡献，包含具体时间、事件、影响等客观信息，符合新闻报道的体裁特征。故选C。CPeoplearealreadypayingmoreandmoreforfoodduetoglobalwarming—andrisingtemperatureswilldrivefoodpricesalothigherinthenextdecade.AccordingtoastudybytheEuropeanCentralBank,by2035,highertemperaturesalonewillbepushingupworldwidefoodpricesbybetween0.9%and3.2%everysingleyear.Tofindouthowthisisaffectingfoodprices,MaximilianKotzatthePotsdamInstituteforClimateImpactResearchandhiscolleaguesexamineddataonthemonthlypricesandweatherconditionsin121countriesbetween1996and2021.Bylookingforconnectionsbetweenfoodpricesandfactorssuchastheaveragemonthlytemperature,temperaturechanges,andmeasuresofdroughtandextremerainfall,theyfoundastronglinkbetweentheaveragetemperatureandthefoodpricesamonthorsolater.Inregionsnorthof40degrees,likethelatitude(纬度)ofNewYorkCityandBeijing,warmer-than-averagetemperaturesduringwinterledtofallingfoodprices.Butabove-averagetemperaturesincreasedfoodpricesinsummerandatalltimesintherestoftheworld.“Thestudydidn’tlookatwhypricesrose,butthelikelyexplanationisthatextremeheatisreducingyields,’’Kotzsays.“Cropsmaybedryingoutonthevine(藤)whentheyshouldbebeingharvested.’’Factorssuchasextremerainfallhadlessimpactonfoodpricesthanaveragetemperatures.Thismaybebecausefloodingtendstobelocalized,whileabove-averagetemperaturescanbeverywidespread.Otherstudieshavereachedsimilarconclusions.Kotz’steamthenwentfurtherbyinvestigatinghowfoodpricescouldchangebasedonaveragetemperaturerisesinclimatemodelprediction.Intheworstsituation,globalfoodinflation(食品通胀)duetoclimatechangegoesover4%peryearby2060.“Weneedtobeawareofthefactthatclimatechangebringshugenewchallengesforfoodsecurity,’’saysKotz.“Warming-fueledextremeweatherisincreasinglyaffectingfoodproductionaroundtheworld.Iffarmersdon’tadapttheirpracticestobettercopewithrisingtemperatures,thelosseswillbecomemoreserious.’’8.Whatdoesthestudyfocuson?A.Theinfluenceofclimatechangeonfoodprices.B.Thefactorsintherisinglivingcosts.C.Theeffectsofnaturaldisastersonfoodproduction.D.Thecomparisonoffoodpricesindifferentregions.9.Howdidresearchersreachtheirconclusions?A.Byanalyzingamassofdata.B.Byreferringtopreviousstudies.C.Bytrackingsomecitiesforyears.D.Byconductingasurveyamongfarmers.10.WhatisthemainreasonfortherisingfoodpricesaccordingtoKotz?A.Frequentrainfall. B.Extremehightemperature.C.Theincreasingdemandforcrops. D.Theinfluenceoftradepolicies.11.Whatdoestheauthorwanttodointhelastparagraph?A.Tocallonpeopletopayattentiontofoodsecurity.B.Topredictthelosscausedbytheheatwave.C.Toexplainthesituationofglobalfoodinflation.D.Toadvisefarmerstotakeactionstodealwiththeclimateissue.【答案】8.A9.A10.B11.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了研究表明由于全球变暖，全球粮食价格上升。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“AccordingtoastudybytheEuropeanCentralBank,by2035,highertemperaturesalonewillbepushingupworldwidefoodpricesbybetween0.9%and3.2%everysingleyear.(根据欧洲中央银行的一项研究，到2035年，仅高温一项就将使全球食品价格每年上涨0.9%至3.2%)”以及第二段“Tofindouthowthisisaffectingfoodprices,MaximilianKotzatthePotsdamInstituteforClimateImpactResearchandhiscolleaguesexamineddataonthemonthlypricesandweatherconditionsin121countriesbetween1996and2021.(为了弄清楚这是如何影响食品价格的，波茨坦气候影响研究所的马克西米利安·科茨和他的同事们研究了1996年至2021年间121个国家的月度价格和天气状况数据)”可知，欧洲央行的一项研究表明气温升高使得全球粮食价格上涨，科茨和他的同事进行的研究是为了了解气温升高如何影响食品价格，即研究的重点是气候变化对全球粮食价格的影响。故选A项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Tofindouthowthisisaffectingfoodprices,MaximilianKotzatthePotsdamInstituteforClimateImpactResearchandhiscolleaguesexamineddataonthemonthlypricesandweatherconditionsin121countriesbetween1996and2021.Bylookingforconnectionsbetweenfoodpricesandfactorssuchastheaveragemonthlytemperature,temperaturechanges,andmeasuresofdroughtandextremerainfall,theyfoundastronglinkbetweentheaveragetemperatureandthefoodpricesamonthorsolater.(为了弄清楚这是如何影响食品价格的，波茨坦气候影响研究所的马克西米利安·科茨和他的同事们研究了1996年至2021年间121个国家的月度价格和天气状况数据。通过寻找食品价格与诸如月平均温度、温度变化、干旱和极端降雨等因素之间的联系，他们发现平均温度与一个月左右后的食品价格之间存在很强的联系)”可知，研究人员通过分析大量的月度价格和天气状况数据，寻找食品价格与月平均温度、温度变化以及干旱和极端降雨等因素之间的关联，从而得出研究结论。故选A项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段““Thestudydidn’tlookatwhypricesrose,butthelikelyexplanationisthatextremeheatisreducingyields,’’Kotzsays.(科茨说：“这项研究没有研究价格上涨的原因，但可能的解释是极端高温正在降低产量。”)”可知，科茨认为，食品价格上涨的主要原因是极端高温。故选B项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Weneedtobeawareofthefactthatclimatechangebringshugenewchallengesforfoodsecurity,’’saysKotz.“Warming-fueledextremeweatherisincreasinglyaffectingfoodproductionaroundtheworld.Iffarmersdon’tadapttheirpracticestobettercopewithrisingtemperatures,thelosseswillbecomemoreserious.’’(科茨说：“我们需要意识到，气候变化给粮食安全带来了巨大的新挑战。变暖引发的极端天气越来越多地影响着世界各地的粮食生产。如果农民不调整他们的做法来更好地应对气温上升，损失将变得更加严重。”)”可知，作者引用科茨所说的话，如果农民不调整他们的做法来更好地应对气温上升，损失将变得更加严重，由此可推知，作者在最后一段意在敦促农民采取行动应对气候问题。故选D项。DThenewe-skinimprovestasksrequiringaccuracyandforcecontrol,overcomingabigchallengeinadvancingtechnology.Unliketraditionale-skins,thisnewe-skinstaysaccurateevenwhenitstretches.“Muchlikehumanskinhastostretchandbendaswemove,sodoese-skin,”explainsNanshuLu,aprofessorintheCockrellSchool.ThebreakthroughliesinaninnovativehybridresponsepressuresensorthatLuandherpartnershavedevelopedoveryears.Luseesthestretchablee-skinasanimportantpartofarobothandthatcanmirrorthesoftnessandsensitivityofahumanhand.Thisnewe-skintechnologysensespressurefromcontact,lettingtheattachedmachineknowhowmuchforcetouseto,forexample,holdacuportouchaperson.Indemonstrations,thenewe-skinallowedtherobothandtoadapttovarioussensitivetasks,suchasaccuratelymeasuringhumanpulse(脉搏)andpulsewaves,securelyholdingobjectswithoutdroppingthemandevenhandlingunexpecteditemslikecoinsinsideaglassorpressingonapotatochipwithoutbreakingit.Luandherteamarecurrentlyexploringpotentialapplications,includingpartneringtobuildaroboticarmequippedwiththee-skintechnology.Theyhavealsoappliedforabasicpatentforthee-skin,indicatingitspotentialforbusinessuse.Inaworldwheretheagingpopulationexceeds(超过)thenumberofcaregivers,theneedforefficientandgentlecaresolutionsisnecessary.Lubelievesrobotsequippedwithadvancedtechnologieslikethestretchablee-skincouldplayavitalroleindealingwiththisglobalchallenge.Beyondmedicine,human-caringrobotscouldbeusedindisasters.Theycouldsearchforinjuredandtrappedpeopleinanearthquakeoracollapsedbuilding.Fromhealthcaretodisasterresponse,thepotentialissignificant.Withfurtherdevelopmentandcooperationwithroboticscompanies,Luhopestoseethise-skintechnologymakeitswaytothemarket,markingthebeginningofaneweraofhuman-robotinteractionandcare.12.Whatadvantagedoesthenewe-skinhaveovertraditionale-skins?A.Itkeepsaccurateevenwhenstretching. B.Itenablesrobotstomoveatafastspeed.C.Itallowsrobothandstobendintoallshapes. D.Ithelpsrobothandscontrolwithlessforce.13.Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?A.Thewideapplicationsofthenewe-skin.B.Theimportantdevelopmentofthenewe-skin.C.Themajorchallengeofthepressuresensor.D.Thestrongfunctionofthepressuresensor.14.Whatcanrobotswiththenewe-skindofortheglobalchallengeofagingpopulation?A.Reducehealthcarecosts. B.Limitglobalbusinessuse.C.Replacehumancaregivers. D.Improvemedicalcareefficiency.15.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetothefutureofthenewe-skin?A.Doubtful. B.Unclear C.Positive. D.Disapproving.【答案】12.A13.B14.D15.C【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。介绍了一种新型电子皮肤技术，这种技术可以提高需要精确度和力量控制的任务的完成度，克服了技术进步中的一大挑战。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Thenewe-skinimprovestasksrequiringaccuracyandforcecontrol,overcomingabigchallengeinadvancingtechnology.Unliketraditionale-skins,thisnewe-skinstaysaccurateevenwhenitstretches.(新的电子皮肤改善了需要精度和力控制的任务，克服了技术进步的一大挑战。与传统的电子皮肤不同，这种新的电子皮肤即使在拉伸时也能保持精确)”可知，与传统的电子皮肤相比，新皮肤即使拉伸也能保持准确。故选A项。【13题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“ThebreakthroughliesinaninnovativehybridresponsepressuresensorthatLuandherpartnershavedevelopedoveryears.Luseesthestretchablee-skinasanimportantpartofarobothandthatcanmirrorthesoftnessandsensitivityofahumanhand.Thisnewe-skintechnologysensespressurefromcontact,lettingtheattachedmachineknowhowmuchforcetouseto,forexample,holdacuportouchaperson.Indemonstrations,thenewe-skinallowedtherobothandtoadapttovarioussensitivetasks,suchasaccuratelymeasuringhumanpulse(脉搏)andpulsewaves,securelyholdingobjectswithoutdroppingthemandevenhandlingunexpecteditemslikecoinsinsideaglassorpressingonapotatochipwithoutbreakingit.(这一突破在于Lu和她的合作伙伴多年来开发的一种创新的混合响应压力传感器。卢认为这种可拉伸的电子皮肤是机器人手的重要组成部分，可以模仿人手的柔软和敏感。这种新的电子皮肤技术可以感知接触产生的压力，让附着的机器知道要用多大的力来抓取杯子或触摸人。在演示中，这种新型电子皮肤可以让机器人手适应各种敏感的任务，比如精确测量人体脉搏和脉搏波，安全地握住物体而不掉下来，甚至处理意想不到的东西，比如玻璃杯里的硬币，或者按压薯片而不打碎)”可知，本段主要讲述了新型电子皮肤的重要发展。故选B项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Inaworldwheretheagingpopulationexceeds(超过)thenumberofcaregivers,theneedforefficientandgentlecaresolutionsisnecessary.Lubelievesrobotsequippedwithadvancedtechnologieslikethestretchablee-skincouldplayavitalroleindealingwiththisglobalchallenge.(在一个老龄化人口超过护理人员数量的世界，需要有效和温和的护理解决方案是必要的。卢认为，配备了可伸缩电子皮肤等先进技术的机器人可以在应对这一全球性挑战方面发挥至关重要的作用)”可知，拥有新型电子皮肤的机器人能为全球人口老龄化的挑战提高医疗效率。故选D项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Beyondmedicine,human-caringrobotscouldbeusedindisasters.Theycouldsearchforinjuredandtrappedpeopleinanearthquakeoracollapsedbuilding.Fromhealthcaretodisasterresponse,thepotentialissignificant.Withfurtherdevelopmentandcooperationwithroboticscompanies,Luhopestoseethise-skintechnologymakeitswaytothemarket,markingthebeginningofaneweraofhuman-robotinteractionandcare.(除了医学，人类关怀机器人还可以用于灾难中。他们可以在地震或倒塌的建筑物中搜寻受伤和被困的人。从医疗保健到灾难响应，潜力巨大。随着与机器人公司的进一步发展和合作，卢希望看到这种电子皮肤技术进入市场，标志着人机交互和护理新时代的开始)”可知，作者认为，新型电子皮肤除了在医学领域的使用，还可以用于灾难中，潜力巨大，所以是乐观的态度。故选C项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Playingsportshelpstomaintainphysicalfitness.Butthisisn’ttheonlybenefityourteenswillhaveiftheyengageinsports.Hereisaquicklookathowplayingsportscanbenefityourteens.____16____It’llhelpyourteensgrowsocially.Asyourteensspendmoretimewiththeirpeers,throughsportsandteamwork,theywilllearntointeractbetter.Yourteensmaybeshyorself-conscious.Butastheymeetothersportsenthusiasts,theywillgainconfidence.Sportsareanexcellentexercisetobuildteamspiritandleadershipskills.Teenswilllearnhowtocooperatewiththeirteammembers.____17____Instead,theywilllearntokeeptheinterestoftheentireteamontoppriorityanddevelopaspiritofsportsmanship.Sportsgroundarefornotonlystrikinggoalsbutalsofriendship.Yourteenswillformsomeoftheirclosestbondsduringthesegrowing-upyears,rightontheplayground.Asyourteenssharetheirfearsandsecretswiththeseyoungsters,they’llformstrongbonds.____18____Whenyourteensgetinvolvedinsports,theywillalsostartmanagingtheirtimebetter.Yourteenswilltrytostrikeabalancebetweenstudiesandsports.____19____Goalsettingcanhelpthemmanagetheirtimeeffectively.Inadditiontothis,theywillalsodevelopacompetitivespirit.Sportsaremeantforstayinghealthy,beingphysicallyactiveandnottoforget,enjoyment.____20____Realsportsarealsoagreatwaytoincreaseyourteens’mentalhealthandstrength.A.Andsuchbondsmaylastalifetime.B.Playingsportsactsassocialactivitiesforteens.C.Thusthey’llstartmanagingtheirtimeproductively.D.Mosttrainersandcoachesactasrolemodelsforteens.E.Yourteenswillsoonstartenjoyingthesportstheylike.F.Wearetoteachthemabouttheimportanceofguidelines.G.Theywon’tthinkabouttheirindividualperformanceonly.【答案】16.B17.G18.A19.C20.E【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要围绕青少年参与体育运动的好处展开，从社交、团队精神、友谊、时间管理、心理健康等多个方面进行了阐述。【16题详解】上文提到“Playingsportshelpstomaintainphysicalfitness.Butthisisn’ttheonlybenefityourteenswillhaveiftheyengageinsports.Hereisaquicklookathowplayingsportscanbenefityourteens.(运动有助于保持身体健康。但这并不是你的青少年参与运动能获得的唯一好处。下面快速了解一下运动能给青少年带来哪些好处)”，表明接下来要阐述运动对青少年的好处。B选项“Playingsportsactsassocialactivitiesforteens.(对青少年来说，运动是一种社交活动)”指出运动具有社交功能，开启了关于运动在社交方面对青少年益处的论述，与后文“It’llhelpyourteensgrowsocially.(它将帮助你的青少年在社交方面成长)”紧密相连，所以B项符合语境。故选B。【17题详解】前文提到“Sportsareanexcellentexercisetobuildteamspiritandleadershipskills.Teenswilllearnhowtocooperatewiththeirteammembers.(运动是培养团队精神和领导能力的绝佳方式。青少年将学会如何与队友合作)”，强调了运动在培养团队精神和合作能力方面的作用。G选项“Theywon’tthinkabouttheirindividualperformanceonly.(他们不会只考虑自己的个人表现)”进一步说明了在团队运动中，青少年不会只关注个人表现，而是会考虑团队整体利益，与前文“学会与队友合作”相呼应，且后文“Instead,theywilllearntokeeptheinterestoftheentireteamontoppriorityanddevelopaspiritofsportsmanship.(相反，他们会学会把整个团队的利益放在首位，并培养体育精神)”中的“Instead”也表明了与G项的转折关系，所以G项符合语境。故选G。【18题详解】前文提到“Yourteenswillformsomeoftheirclosestbondsduringthesegrowing-upyears,rightontheplayground.Asyourteenssharetheirfearsandsecretswiththeseyoungsters,they’llformstrongbonds.(在成长的这些年里，你的青少年会在操场上建立起一些最亲密的关系。当你的青少年与这些年轻人分享他们的恐惧和秘密时，他们会建立起牢固的关系)”，说明了青少年在运动场上会建立亲密关系。A选项“Andsuchbondsmaylastalifetime.(而且这样的关系可能会持续一生)”强调了这种在运动场上建立的关系可能会长久持续，是对前文“建立牢固关系”的进一步说明，所以A项符合语境。故选A。【19题详解】前文提到“Whenyourteensgetinvolvedinsports,theywillalsostartmanagingtheirtimebetter.Yourteenswilltrytostrikeabalancebetweenstudiesandsports.(当你的青少年参与运动时，他们也会开始更好地管理自己的时间。你的青少年会努力在学习和运动之间找到平衡)”，指出了青少年参与运动后会更好地管理时间，在学习和运动之间寻求平衡。C选项“Thusthey’llstartmanagingtheirtimeproductively.(因此，他们会开始高效地管理自己的时间)”是对前文“更好地管理时间”的进一步阐述，说明了参与运动会让青少年高效管理时间，且后文“Goalsettingcanhelpthemmanagetheirtimeeffectively.(设定目标可以帮助他们有效地管理时间)”也与C项中“高效管理时间”相呼应，所以C项符合语境。故选C。【20题详解】前文提到“Sportsaremeantforstayinghealthy,beingphysicallyactiveandnottoforget,enjoyment.(运动是为了保持健康、保持身体活力，当然，还有享受乐趣)”，强调了运动的乐趣。E选项“Yourteenswillsoonstartenjoyingthesportstheylike.(你的青少年很快就会开始享受他们喜欢的运动)”是对前文“运动的乐趣”的具体体现，说明了青少年会享受自己喜欢的运动，所以E项符合语境。故选E。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Everyonelovesgettingcardsontheirbirthday.ForBaileySellers,thecardfromherfatherisacardthatshe’ll___21___forever.Herfather,MikeSellers,diedofcancerin2013,justafewmonthsbeforeher17thbirthday.Butherdadmadesurehecouldstill___22___herspecialday,evenindeath.Beforehisdeathheprepaidaflowershopto___23___flowersandacardtohereveryyearonherbirthday.Thelastflowersand___24___camelastweek,forher21stbirthday.Inthecardthatcamewiththisyear’sflowers,MikeSellerstoldhisdaughter,“Thisismylastlettertoyouuntilwemeetagain.Youareandwillalwaysbethemostprecious___25___Iwasgiven.Iwillstillbewithyouthrougheverymilestone.JustlookaroundandthereIwillbe.”___26___byherlatefather’sgesture,Sellerspostedaphotooftheflowers,thecardandanold___27___ofherdadraisingheruponhisshouldersduringalongagotriptothebeach.“Missyousomuchdaddy,”thepost___28___,withalittlepurpleheart.Thepostmovedthousandsofpeople,whonotonlyshareditbutalsotoldtheirownstoriesofhowthey___29___thepainoflosingaparent,Sellers______30______thatpain;shesaidshebecame______31______afterherfather’sdeath.Sonowshe’sstudyingpsychology(心理学),hopingtobeabletoonedayhelppeoplegetoutofthekindof______32______thaton