2026年全国研究生入学考试英语语言能力考核试题及答案

2026年全国研究生入学考试英语语言能力考核试题及答案考试时长：120分钟满分：100分班级：__________姓名：__________学号：__________得分：__________试卷名称：2026年全国研究生入学考试英语语言能力考核试题考核对象：报考全国研究生入学考试的考生题型分值分布：-判断题（总共10题，每题2分）总分20分-单选题（总共10题，每题2分）总分20分-多选题（总共10题，每题2分）总分20分-案例分析（总共3题，每题6分）总分18分-论述题（总共2题，每题11分）总分22分总分：100分---一、判断题（每题2分，共20分）1.Thepassivevoiceshouldalwaysbeavoidedinacademicwriting.2.Theterm"discourseanalysis"referstothestudyoflanguageuseinsocialcontexts.3.Thesubjunctivemoodiscommonlyusedinformalletters.4.Theword"ubiquitous"means"existinginallplacesatthesametime."5.Theconceptof"register"referstothelevelofformalityinlanguage.6.Thephrase"byandlarge"isanexampleofanidiom.7.Thearticle"the"isconsideredaninvariablewordinEnglish.8.Theterm"paradigmshift"isoftenusedinscientificcontexts.9.ThesubjunctivemoodisrarelyusedinmodernEnglish.10.Thepassivevoiceispreferredinscientificwritingtoemphasizetheactionratherthantheactor.二、单选题（每题2分，共20分）1.Whichofthefollowingisacorrectuseofthepresentperfecttense?A.Ihavewrittenaletteryesterday.B.Shewillhavefinishedthereportbytomorrow.C.Theyhavebeenworkingheresince2010.D.Hehasgonetothelibrarylastweek.2.Whatistheprimarypurposeofdiscourseanalysis?A.Tostudythestructureofindividualwords.B.Toanalyzehowlanguageisusedinsocialinteractions.C.Todeterminethecorrectgrammarrules.D.Totranslatetextsfromonelanguagetoanother.3.Whichofthefollowingsentencesusesthesubjunctivemoodcorrectly?A.IfIwereyou,Iwouldaccepttheoffer.B.Ifhehadstudiedharder,hewouldhavepassed.C.Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillcancelthepicnic.D.Ifsheweretowintheaward,shewouldbeveryhappy.4.Whatdoestheword"ubiquitous"mean?A.Rareandunique.B.Existinginallplacesatthesametime.C.Difficulttounderstand.D.Onlyfoundinspecificcontexts.5.Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofanidiom?A."Thebookisonthetable."B."Breaktheice."C."Thecatisblack."D."Thehouseisbig."6.WhatisthefunctionofarticlesinEnglish?A.Toindicatepossession.B.Toindicatequantity.C.Tospecifynouns.D.Toindicatetense.7.Whichofthefollowingisacorrectuseofthepassivevoice?A.Theexperimentwasconductedbytheteam.B.Shehaswrittenthereport.C.Theyareplayingfootballnow.D.Hewillgotothestoretomorrow.8.Whatdoestheterm"paradigmshift"referto?A.Achangeinthefundamentalassumptionsofascientificdiscipline.B.Ashiftinpoliticalideology.C.Achangeinfashiontrends.D.Ashiftineconomicpolicies.9.Whichofthefollowingisacommonuseofthesubjunctivemood?A.Toexpressfutureevents.B.Toexpresshypotheticalsituations.C.Toexpresspastevents.D.Toexpresspresentevents.10.Whyisthepassivevoicepreferredinscientificwriting?A.Toemphasizetheauthor'sauthority.B.Toemphasizetheactionratherthantheactor.C.Tomakethetextmoreconcise.D.Tomakethetextmoreformal.三、多选题（每题2分，共20分）1.Whichofthefollowingarefunctionsofdiscourseanalysis?A.Tostudylanguageuseinsocialcontexts.B.Toanalyzethestructureofindividualwords.C.Todeterminethecorrectgrammarrules.D.Tostudyhowlanguageisusedindifferentgenres.2.Whichofthefollowingareexamplesofidioms?A."Breaktheice."B."Thecatisblack."C."Thebookisonthetable."D."Hitthenailonthehead."3.Whichofthefollowingarecorrectusesofthepresentperfecttense?A.Ihavelivedhereforfiveyears.B.Shehasfinishedthereport.C.Theyhavebeenworkingheresince2010.D.Hehasgonetothelibrarylastweek.4.Whichofthefollowingareexamplesofthepassivevoice?A.Theexperimentwasconductedbytheteam.B.Shehaswrittenthereport.C.Theyareplayingfootballnow.D.Thebookwasreadbyhim.5.Whichofthefollowingarecommonusesofthesubjunctivemood?A.Toexpresshypotheticalsituations.B.Toexpresswishes.C.Toexpressdemands.D.Toexpressfutureevents.6.WhichofthefollowingarefunctionsofarticlesinEnglish?A.Toindicatepossession.B.Toindicatequantity.C.Tospecifynouns.D.Toindicatetense.7.Whichofthefollowingareexamplesofthepassivevoiceinscientificwriting?A.Theexperimentwasconductedbytheteam.B.Theresultswereanalyzedbytheresearchers.C.Thehypothesiswastestedbythescientists.D.Thedatawascollectedbythestudents.8.Whichofthefollowingareexamplesofidioms?A."Breaktheice."B."Thecatisblack."C."Thebookisonthetable."D."Hitthenailonthehead."9.Whichofthefollowingarefunctionsofdiscourseanalysis?A.Tostudylanguageuseinsocialcontexts.B.Toanalyzethestructureofindividualwords.C.Todeterminethecorrectgrammarrules.D.Tostudyhowlanguageisusedindifferentgenres.10.Whichofthefollowingarecorrectusesofthepresentperfecttense?A.Ihavelivedhereforfiveyears.B.Shehasfinishedthereport.C.Theyhavebeenworkingheresince2010.D.Hehasgonetothelibrarylastweek.四、案例分析（每题6分，共18分）1.CaseStudy1:Thefollowingisanexcerptfromascientificpaper:"Theexperimentwasconductedinacontrolledenvironment.Theresultswereanalyzedusingstatisticalmethods.Thehypothesiswassupportedbythedata."Discusstheuseofthepassivevoiceinthisexcerptandexplainitspurposeinscientificwriting.2.CaseStudy2:Thefollowingisanexcerptfromaformalletter:"IfIwereyou,Iwouldaccepttheoffer.Ifhehadstudiedharder,hewouldhavepassed.Ifsheweretowintheaward,shewouldbeveryhappy."Analyzetheuseofthesubjunctivemoodinthisexcerptandexplainitsfunction.3.CaseStudy3:Thefollowingisanexcerptfromanewspaperarticle:"Thecatisblack.Thebookisonthetable.Thehouseisbig."Discusstheuseofarticlesinthisexcerptandexplaintheirfunction.五、论述题（每题11分，共22分）1.Discusstheimportanceofdiscourseanalysisinunderstandinglanguageuseinsocialcontexts.Provideexamplestosupportyouranswer.2.ExplainthedifferencesbetweentheactiveandpassivevoiceinEnglish.Provideexamplesanddiscussthesituationsinwhicheachismoreappropriate.---标准答案及解析一、判断题1.×Thepassivevoicecanbeusefulinacademicwritingtoemphasizetheactionortheobjectratherthantheactor.2.√Discourseanalysisstudieshowlanguageisusedinsocialcontexts.3.√Thesubjunctivemoodiscommonlyusedinformalletterstoexpresshypotheticalsituationsorwishes.4.√"Ubiquitous"meansexistinginallplacesatthesametime.5.√Registerreferstothelevelofformalityinlanguage.6.√"Byandlarge"isanidiom.7.√"The"isaninvariablewordinEnglish.8.√"Paradigmshift"isoftenusedinscientificcontextstodescribeafundamentalchangeinthewaysomethingisunderstood.9.×ThesubjunctivemoodisstillusedinmodernEnglish,particularlyinformalcontexts.10.√Thepassivevoiceispreferredinscientificwritingtoemphasizetheactionratherthantheactor.二、单选题1.CThepresentperfecttenseisusedtodescribeactionsthatstartedinthepastandcontinuetothepresent.2.BDiscourseanalysisstudieshowlanguageisusedinsocialinteractions.3.AThesubjunctivemoodisusedtoexpresshypotheticalsituations.4.B"Ubiquitous"meansexistinginallplacesatthesametime.5.B"Breaktheice"isanidiom.6.CArticlesspecifynouns.7.AThepassivevoiceisusedtoemphasizetheactionratherthantheactor.8.A"Paradigmshift"referstoachangeinthefundamentalassumptionsofascientificdiscipline.9.BThesubjunctivemoodiscommonlyusedtoexpresshypotheticalsituations.10.BThepassivevoiceispreferredinscientificwritingtoemphasizetheactionratherthantheactor.三、多选题1.A,DDiscourseanalysisstudieslanguageuseinsocialcontextsanddifferentgenres.2.A,D"Breaktheice"and"Hitthenailonthehead"areidioms.3.A,B,CThepresentperfecttenseisusedtodescribeactionsthatstartedinthepastandcontinuetothepresent,oractionsthathavebeencompletedrecently.4.A,DThepassivevoiceisusedtoemphasizetheactionortheobjectratherthantheactor.5.A,B,CThesubjunctivemoodisusedtoexpresshypotheticalsituations,wishes,anddemands.6.A,B,CArticlesindicatepossession,quantity,andspecifynouns.7.A,B,C,DThepassivevoiceiscommonlyusedinscientificwritingtoemphasizetheactionortheobjectratherthantheactor.8.A,D"Breaktheice"and"Hitthenailonthehead"areidioms.9.A,DDiscourseanalysisstudieslanguageuseinsocialcontextsanddifferentgenres.10.A,B,C,DThepresentperfecttenseisusedtodescribeactionsthatstartedinthepastandcontinuetothepresent,oractionsthathavebeencompletedrecently.四、案例分析1.CaseStudy1:Thepassivevoiceisusedintheexcerpttoemphasizetheactionsandtheresultsoftheexperimentratherthantheresearchers.Thisiscommoninscientificwritingtomaintainobjectivityandfocusontheresearchitself.Forexample,"Theexperimentwasconducted"emphasizestheexperimentratherthantheresearcherswhoconductedit.Similarly,"Theresultswereanalyzed"emphasizestheanalysisoftheresultsratherthantheresearcherswhoperformedtheanalysis.Thepassivevoicehelpstomakethetextmoreconciseandfocusedontheresearchitself.2.CaseStudy2:Thesubjunctivemoodisusedintheexcerpttoexpresshypotheticalsituationsandwishes.Forexample,"IfIwereyou,Iwouldaccepttheoffer"expressesahypotheticalsituationwherethespeakerisnotthepersonbeingaddressed."Ifhehadstudiedharder,hewouldhavepassed"expressesahypotheticalsituationwherethepersondidnotstudyharderandthereforedidnotpass."Ifsheweretowintheaward,shewouldbeveryhappy"expressesawishaboutahypotheticalsituation.Thesubjunctivemoodisusedtoindicatethatthesesituationsarenotrealorareunlikelytohappen.3.CaseStudy3:Articlesareusedintheexcerpttospecifynouns.Forexample,"Thecat"usesthedefinitearticle"the"torefertoaspecificcat."Thebook"usesthedefinitearticle"the"torefertoaspecificbook."Thehouse"usesthedefinitearticle"the"torefertoaspecifichouse.Articleshelptospecifywhichnounsarebeingreferredtoandwhethertheyaregeneralorspecific.五、论述题1.Discusstheimportanceofdiscourseanalysisinunderstandinglanguageuseinsocialcontexts.Discourseanalysisiscrucialinunderstandinghowlanguageisusedinsocialcontextsbecauseitexamineslanguageinitsnaturalenvironment,ratherthaninisolation.Ithelpstorevealhowlanguageisusedtoconstructmeaning,maintainsocialrelationships,andachievevariouspurposes.Forexample,inabusinessmeeting,languageisusedtonegotiate,persuade,andinform.Discourseanalysiscanhelptounderstandhowthesedifferentpurposesareachievedthroughlanguageuse.Additionally,discourseanalysiscanrevealhowlanguagereflectsandreinforcessocialnormsandpowerstructures.Forinstance,inaclassroomsetting,lan