Unit3BacktothepastGrammarandusage表语从句公开课课件高中英语译林版(00)选择性()

Unit3BacktothepastGrammarandusageWhatdoyouknowaboutthegreathistorianSimaQian?Lead-inSimaQian(145–86BC),arenownedChinesehistorianoftheHanDynasty,iscelebratedasthe"fatherofChinesehistoriography."Hismasterpiece,RecordsoftheGrandHistorian(Shiji),isacomprehensivehistorycoveringovertwomillennia.Completeddespitepersonalsuffering,itestablishedthemodelforlaterChinesehistoricalworksandremainsapreciousliteraryandhistoricaltreasure.BelowisanessayonthegreathistorianSimaQian.Findthesentenceswithpredicativeclausesandfillintheboxbelow.BelowisanessayonthegreathistorianSimaQian.Findthesentenceswithpredicativeclausesandfillintheboxbelow.Learningandtravellingwereexactlywhathelpedhiminhislatercareerasahistorian.

ExploringtherulesHisfather’sdreamwasthatonedayhecouldwriteagreatmasterpiecerecordingwhathadhappenedinhistory.Hischiefconcernwaswhetherhecoulddohisjobmoreeffectivelyandefficiently.学习和旅行正是对他后来在历史学领域发展事业大有裨益的因素。他父亲的梦想是，有朝一日能够创作出一部伟大的杰作，记录下历史上所发生的一切。他最关心的问题是他能否更有效地、更高效地完成自己的工作。连接词•Wecanuseanounclauseasthepredicativeofasentence.•Wecanusethattointroduceapredicativeclausewhentheclauseisa(1)_____________.Wecanusewhethertointroduceapredicativeclausewhentheclauseisa(2)________________.Wecanusewhat,why,when,where,etc.tointroduceapredicativeclausewhentheclauseisa(3)______________.statementWorkingouttherulesyes-noquestionwh-question

表语（predictive）

SimaQianwasagreatChinesehistorian.Readingmanybooksis

good.Thestorieswere

aboutConfucius,Liubangandsoon.Myonlyambitionis

tobeagreathistorian.MyonlyambitionisthatIcan

beagreathistorian.That’s

whyI’mstudyingsohard!名词作表语形容词作表语介词短语作表语非谓语作表语从句作表语时，叫表语从句

表语是用来说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态的，表语常由名词、代词、数词、动词过去分词、动词的-ing形式、副词、介词短语、形容词、不定式和从句等来充当,它常位于系动词之后。

复合句形容词性从句副词性从句名词性从句定语从句状语从句主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句三大从句主语系动词表语从句1）定义：

表语从句是指__________________________,紧跟在________之后，对主语进行解释、说明，使主语的内容具体化。用_______语序。2）结构：_________________________________。在复合句中作主句表语的句子系动词主语+系动词+引导词+简单句陈述表语从句定义与结构Herdreamisthatshecouldbecomeahistorianoneday.

名词性从句定语从句状语从句表语从句学什么

系动词（谓语动词）引导词特殊形式LinkingVerbs系动词be动词感官类变化类am,is,are,was,werelook,sound,smell,taste,feel,seem,appear变得：become,get,turn,grow;go保持：keep,hold,stay,stand,remain;系动词”证明”proveturn颜色变化grow逐渐变化go由好变坏1.Thepurposeisthatstudentscanbeawareofculturalrelics.2.Thequestionis

whetherhecanaccomplishthetaskontime.(1)从属连词:that&whether

用法归纳：a.that引导表语从句时，只起______作用，作/不作句子成分，有/没有意义。b.whether引导表语从句时，只起______作用，作/不作句子成分，通常翻译为“______”。注意，引导表语从句时通常不用if。连接√√连接√是否(1)从属连词:

asif/asthough

“似乎、好像”asif/asthough引导的表语从句如果是事实，就用陈述语气；如果与事实不符，就用虚拟语气(从句表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去式；从句表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用had+过去分词；从句表示将来的可能性不大，用would/might/could+动词原形)。1.Helooksasifhewerearichman.2.Hetalkedasifhehadbeenthere

before.

3.Itlooksasifitmightrain.asif/asthough似乎，好像

Lookatthedarkclouds.Itlooksasifthereisastormcoming.Hetalksasifhewereanexpert.（与事实相符）（与事实相反）(1)从属连词:

because

1.Hefailedthedrivingtest.That’sbecausehewastoocareless.2.Hewastoocareless.That’swhyhefailedthedrivingtest.3.Thereasonwhyhefailedthedrivingtestisthathewastoocareless.用法归纳：That’sbecause+原因…That’swhy+结果…Thereasonwhy+结果...is/wasthat+原因...注意：这里不能用because!who/whom/whose/which/what等二、连接代词：连接代词在表语从句中可充当主语、宾语、表语或定语。依据“缺什么补什么”原则确定正确的连词。所谓“缺什么补什么”是指从句与连词之间的关系。如果句子中缺主语，指人用

，指物用

。如缺宾语，指人用

，指物用

。如缺定语用

或

。whowhatwhomwhosewhatwhich(2)连接代词:who,whom,whose,which,what,wh-ever1.Theproblemiswhocoulddothework.2.Thequestioniswho/whomIshouldaskforadvice.3.MytroubleiswhoseadviceIshouldfollow.4.Mytopconcerniswhichjobissuitableforme.5.Readingiswhatkeepsuswise.6.Thevillageisnolongerwhatitusedtobe.用法归纳：连接代词引导表语从句时，既起______作用，又作句子成分(通常作_____________________)等。连接主语,宾语,表语,定语what可以表示“什么，什么样子，或所…的（人或事）”三.连接副词:when/where/why/how等连接副词在表语从句中充当状语，可表时间、地点、原因、方式等，因此不能省略。依据“缺什么补什么”原则确定正确的连词。所谓“缺什么补什么”是指从句与连词之间的关系。如缺时间状语用

；地点状语用

。

原因状语用

；方式状语用

。whenwherewhyhow(3)连接副词：when,where,why,how...M:ThesmallvillageiswhereMarylives.Shebecamedisabledafteracaraccident.Thatwaswhenshewasinhighschool.W:Poorgirl!Thequestionishowshehasmanagedtoliveanormallife.M:Sheisanoptimisticgirlgiftedinpainting.Herworksarepopularonline.That’swhyshecanearnherliving.用法归纳：连接副词引导表语从句时，既起______作用，又作句子成分（通常作______）。连接状语(4)特殊规则：表“建议，要求，命令”的名词+that+（should）do结构用法归纳：表示___________________(advise,suggestion,request,

proposal,idea,demand,order)等后面的表语，那么表语从句应该用虚拟语气,即谓语动词用“should+动词原形”,should可省略。建议，要求，命令Myadviceisthatyou(should)consultsomeexpertsaboutthisproblem.

名词性从句的解题法①判断是否属于名词性从句(从句是否充当主、宾、表、同位)②判断从句是否缺成份：不缺成分、不缺词义：that不缺成分、缺“是否”词义：if,whether缺主语：指人who/whoever,指物what/whatever,指物、强调在范围内选择which,whichever缺宾语：指人whom/whomever,指物what/whatever,指物、强调在范围内选择which,whichever缺状语：指时间when，指地点where，指原因why，指方式how缺定语：指人whose，指物what/whatever，指物、强调在范围内选择which,whichever（注意：该表并不完整，只体现通用的）“缺什么补什么”原则whichthatthatwhywhetherhowPractice(1)引导词连词关系代词关系副词在从句中不作成分，只起连接作用在从句中作主宾表定语在从句中作状语that,whether,asif/asthough,becausewhat,which,who(m),whose，whatever,whichever,whoeverwhen,where,why,howSummary表示建议、命令、要求等名词后的表语从句要用虚拟语气：（should）+doPractice填入适当的连接词(短语)补全表语从句。(1)MrDarcyisquiterichbuttooproud,andthat's______________Elizabethdoesn'tlikehim.(2)Don'tbesad.Themostimportantthingis______________wemustlearnfromourmistakesandmoveon.(3)Thereasonforhisabsenceis______________hehasn'tbeeninformed.(4)Thedebatebetweenthemwas______________itwasworthwhiletoaffordtheextraexpenseofhiringanexpensiveapartment.(5)Hedidnotwatchthefilm.Thatis______________hehadtohelphislittlesisterwithherhomework.whythatthatwhetherbecausePractice(6)Youaresayingeveryoneshouldtakeequalresponsibility,andthatis______________Idisagree.(7)Asituationwhereapersonisunabletorememberpasteventsis______________isgenerallycalledamnesia(健忘症).(8)Igooverlight－footed,pickupthekittenandputheroutsidethedoor,andthesparrowremains______________itis.(9)Delhiisanoverwhelmingexperience.Itis______________allofhumanityhasbeensqueezedintoonecity.(10)Itseems______________shewillnevergetoverhermother'sdeath.wherewhatwhereasif/thoughthatPractice(11)—Doyouthinkitiswiseformotherstotrytodoeverythingfortheirchildren?—No,that's______________theyactwrong.(12)Actually,theyoungcanbe______________theywanttobe,whetheritisapilot,anastronaut,oramanager.(13)Iwantedtobesureeverythingwasperfect.Thatis______________Idouble－checkedtheaddressontheelectronicorder.(14)Thequestionis______________couldleadthemtogetridofpoverty.(15)Thebestmomentforthefootballstarwas______________hescoredthegoal.

wherewhat/whateverwhywhowhenPractice(16)TheyalsoneedtobereadytogiveinterviewsinEnglishwithinternationaljournalists.Thisis______________theyneedanEnglishtrainer.[2023新课标Ⅱ卷](17)Andthereasontheygotsomuchstrongerandfitterwas______________theirheartscouldnowfillalotbetterandpump(泵送)alotmorebloodduringexercise.[2022新高考Ⅱ卷](18)Thisfirstcontactwas______________mystorybegan.[2022北京卷]

whythatwherePractice1)Mydoubtis_____________________________.(我们能否按时完成任务)2)Thequestionis__________________________.(谁为这个事故负责)3)Theproblemis__________________________.(我们怎样才能为这个项目筹集到足够的资金)4)Thatwas_______________________________.(我们上次