2026年托福考试阅读部分模拟试题及答案

2026年托福考试阅读部分模拟试题及答案考试时长：120分钟满分：100分试卷名称：2026年托福考试阅读部分模拟试题及答案考核对象：托福考试备考者题型分值分布：-判断题（总共10题，每题2分）总分20分-单选题（总共10题，每题2分）总分20分-多选题（总共10题，每题2分）总分20分-案例分析（总共3题，每题6分）总分18分-论述题（总共2题，每题11分）总分22分总分：100分---一、判断题（每题2分，共20分）请判断下列陈述的正误。1.TheGreatBarrierReefisprimarilylocatedinthesouthernhemisphere.2.Coralreefscanthriveinfreshwaterenvironments.3.Humanactivitiesarethemaincauseofcoralbleaching.4.Coralreefsprovidehabitatforapproximately25%ofmarinespecies.5.TheGreatBarrierReefistheworld'slargestcoralreefsystem.6.CoralreefsaremoreabundantintheAtlanticOceanthaninthePacificOcean.7.TheGreatBarrierReeffacessignificantthreatsfromclimatechange.8.Coralreefscanregeneratequicklyafterdamage.9.TheGreatBarrierReefisexclusivelylocatedinAustralianwaters.10.Coralreefsplayacrucialroleincarbonsequestration.二、单选题（每题2分，共20分）请选择最符合题意的选项。1.Whatistheprimarycauseofcoralbleaching?A.NaturaltemperaturefluctuationsB.IncreasedoceanacidityC.OverfishingD.Humanpollution2.WhereistheGreatBarrierReefprimarilylocated?A.TheRedSeaB.TheCaribbeanSeaC.TheCoralSeaD.TheMediterraneanSea3.Whatpercentageofmarinespeciesrelyoncoralreefsforhabitat?A.10%B.25%C.50%D.75%4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTamajorthreattocoralreefs?A.ClimatechangeB.OverfishingC.TourismD.Naturalregeneration5.Howlongdoesittakeforcoralreefstorecoverfrommoderatedamage?A.AfewmonthsB.AfewyearsC.DecadesD.Centuries6.WhatistheGreatBarrierReef'sapproximatelength?A.2,300kilometersB.1,500kilometersC.3,000kilometersD.2,000kilometers7.Whatistheprimaryroleofcoralreefsintheecosystem?A.ProvidingfreshwaterB.SupportingbiodiversityC.GeneratingelectricityD.Miningresources8.Whichofthefollowingisacommonmethodtoprotectcoralreefs?A.IncreasingfishingquotasB.ReducingcarbonemissionsC.ExpandingcoastaldevelopmentD.Usingchemicalpollutants9.Whatisthemainreasoncoralreefsareconsideredvulnerable?A.TheirslowgrowthrateB.TheirhighvisibilityC.TheirshallowdepthD.Theirhighmobility10.WhatistheGreatBarrierReef'ssignificancetoglobalecosystems?A.ItisamajorshippingrouteB.ItisaprimaryfishinggroundC.ItsupportsahighlevelofbiodiversityD.Itisamajortouristattraction三、多选题（每题2分，共20分）请选择所有符合题意的选项。1.Whatarethemaincausesofcoralbleaching?A.IncreasedwatertemperatureB.OceanacidificationC.PollutionD.OverfishingE.Naturaldisasters2.Whatarethebenefitsofcoralreefstomarineecosystems?A.ProvidinghabitatformarinespeciesB.ProtectingcoastlinesfromstormsC.GeneratingrenewableenergyD.SupportingcarbonsequestrationE.Facilitatingglobaltrade3.WhatarethemajorthreatstotheGreatBarrierReef?A.ClimatechangeB.PollutionfromagriculturalrunoffC.OverfishingD.TourismE.Naturalregeneration4.WhatarethecharacteristicsoftheGreatBarrierReef?A.ItspansmultiplecountriesB.Itistheworld'slargestcoralreefsystemC.ItisprimarilylocatedinthenorthernhemisphereD.ItsupportsahighlevelofbiodiversityE.Itiseasilyaccessiblebyland5.Whatarethemethodsusedtoprotectcoralreefs?A.EstablishingmarineprotectedareasB.ReducingcarbonemissionsC.ImplementingsustainablefishingpracticesD.UsingchemicalpollutantsE.Educatingthepublic6.Whataretheecologicalimpactsofcoralbleaching?A.LossofhabitatformarinespeciesB.ReducedbiodiversityC.IncreasedcarbonemissionsD.EnhancedecosystemresilienceE.Improvedwaterclarity7.Whataretheeconomicbenefitsofcoralreefs?A.TourismB.FishingC.ShippingD.MiningE.Carbonsequestration8.Whatarethescientificeffortstorestorecoralreefs?A.CoralgardeningB.GeneticengineeringC.ArtificialreefsD.ChemicaltreatmentsE.Naturalregeneration9.Whataretheglobalimplicationsofcoralreefdegradation?A.LossofbiodiversityB.IncreasedcarbonemissionsC.ReducedtourismrevenueD.EnhancedecosystemresilienceE.Improvedwaterquality10.Whatarethechallengesinprotectingcoralreefs?A.LimitedfundingB.PoliticalconflictsC.PublicawarenessD.TechnologicallimitationsE.Naturaldisasters四、案例分析（每题6分，共18分）1.CaseStudy:ArecentstudyfoundthattheGreatBarrierReefhasexperiencedsignificantcoralbleachingduetorisingoceantemperatures.Thestudyalsohighlightedtheroleofpollutionandoverfishinginexacerbatingtheproblem.Questions:a.Whataretheprimarycausesofcoralbleachingmentionedinthestudy?b.Howdopollutionandoverfishingcontributetotheproblem?c.Whatarethepotentiallong-termimpactsontheecosystem?2.CaseStudy:AgovernmentinitiativeaimstoprotecttheGreatBarrierReefbyestablishingmarineprotectedareas,reducingcarbonemissions,andpromotingsustainablefishingpractices.However,somelocalcommunitiesopposetheinitiativeduetoeconomicconcerns.Questions:a.Whatarethekeymeasuresproposedintheinitiative?b.Whydosomelocalcommunitiesopposetheinitiative?c.Howcanthegovernmentaddresstheseconcernswhileprotectingthereef?3.CaseStudy:Scientistsareexperimentingwithcoralgardening,atechniquewherefragmentsofhealthycoralaregrowninnurseriesandthentransplantedtodamagedareas.Thetechniquehasshownpromisingresultsbutfaceschallengesinscalabilityandsustainability.Questions:a.Whatiscoralgardening,andhowdoesitwork?b.Whatarethebenefitsofcoralgardening?c.Whatchallengesdoescoralgardeningface?五、论述题（每题11分，共22分）1.Discusstheimportanceofcoralreefstoglobalecosystemsandthechallengestheyfaceduetohumanactivities.Providespecificexamplesandproposesolutionstomitigatethesechallenges.2.Analyzetheeconomicandecologicalbenefitsofprotectingcoralreefs.Discussthetrade-offsbetweenconservationeffortsandlocaleconomicinterests,andproposeabalancedapproachtosustainablemanagement.---标准答案及解析一、判断题1.√2.×3.√4.√5.√6.×7.√8.×9.×10.√解析：1.TheGreatBarrierReefisprimarilylocatedinthesouthernhemisphere.(√)-Correct.TheGreatBarrierReefismostlyinthesouthernhemisphere.2.Coralreefscanthriveinfreshwaterenvironments.(×)-Incorrect.Coralreefsaremarineecosystems.3.Humanactivitiesarethemaincauseofcoralbleaching.(√)-Correct.Humanactivitieslikepollutionandclimatechangearemajorcauses.4.Coralreefsprovidehabitatforapproximately25%ofmarinespecies.(√)-Correct.Coralreefssupporthighbiodiversity.5.TheGreatBarrierReefistheworld'slargestcoralreefsystem.(√)-Correct.Itisthelargest.6.CoralreefsaremoreabundantintheAtlanticOceanthaninthePacificOcean.(×)-Incorrect.CoralreefsaremoreabundantinthePacificOcean.7.TheGreatBarrierReeffacessignificantthreatsfromclimatechange.(√)-Correct.Risingtemperaturesareamajorthreat.8.Coralreefscanregeneratequicklyafterdamage.(×)-Incorrect.Coralreefsregenerateslowly.9.TheGreatBarrierReefisexclusivelylocatedinAustralianwaters.(×)-Incorrect.ItextendsintotheCoralSea.10.Coralreefsplayacrucialroleincarbonsequestration.(√)-Correct.Coralreefshelpabsorbcarbon.二、单选题1.B2.C3.B4.D5.C6.A7.B8.B9.A10.C解析：1.Theprimarycauseofcoralbleachingisincreasedoceanacidity(B).2.TheGreatBarrierReefisprimarilylocatedintheCoralSea(C).3.Approximately25%ofmarinespeciesrelyoncoralreefs(B).4.Overfishingisnotamajorthreat(D).5.Coralreefstakedecadestorecoverfrommoderatedamage(C).6.TheGreatBarrierReefisapproximately2,300kilometerslong(A).7.Theprimaryroleofcoralreefsissupportingbiodiversity(B).8.Reducingcarbonemissionsisacommonmethodtoprotectcoralreefs(B).9.Coralreefsarevulnerableduetotheirslowgrowthrate(A).10.TheGreatBarrierReefsupportsahighlevelofbiodiversity(C).三、多选题1.A,B,C2.A,B,D3.A,B,C,D4.B,C,D5.A,B,C,E6.A,B7.A,B8.A,B,C9.A,B,C10.A,B,C,D解析：1.Themaincausesofcoralbleachingareincreasedwatertemperature(A),oceanacidification(B),andpollution(C).2.Thebenefitsofcoralreefsincludeprovidinghabitatformarinespecies(A),protectingcoastlines(B),andsupportingcarbonsequestration(D).3.MajorthreatstotheGreatBarrierReefincludeclimatechange(A),pollution(B),overfishing(C),tourism(D),andnaturalregeneration(E).4.TheGreatBarrierReefistheworld'slargestcoralreefsystem(B),locatedprimarilyinthenorthernhemisphere(C),andsupportsahighlevelofbiodiversity(D).5.Methodstoprotectcoralreefsincludeestablishingmarineprotectedareas(A),reducingcarbonemissions(B),implementingsustainablefishingpractices(C),andeducatingthepublic(E).6.Theecologicalimpactsofcoralbleachingincludelossofhabitat(A)andreducedbiodiversity(B).7.Theeconomicbenefitsofcoralreefsincludetourism(A)andfishing(B).8.Scientificeffortstorestorecoralreefsincludecoralgardening(A),geneticengineering(B),andartificialreefs(C).9.Theglobalimplicationsofcoralreefdegradationincludelossofbiodiversity(A),increasedcarbonemissions(B),andreducedtourismrevenue(C).10.Challengesinprotectingcoralreefsincludelimitedfunding(A),politicalconflicts(B),publicawareness(C),andtechnologicallimitations(D).四、案例分析1.a.Theprimarycausesofcoralbleachingmentionedinthestudyareincreasedwatertemperatureandoceanacidification.b.Pollutionandoverfishingcontributetotheproblembyreducingwaterqualityanddisruptingtheecosystem,makingcoralsmoresusceptibletobleaching.c.Thepotentiallong-termimpactsincludelossofbiodiversity,reducedecosystemresilience,andeconomiclossesduetotourismandfishing.2.a.Thekeymeasuresproposedintheinitiativeareestablishingmarineprotectedareas,reducingcarbonemissions,andpromotingsustainablefishingpractices.b.Somelocalcommunitiesopposetheinitiativeduetoeconomicconcerns,suchasreducedfishingopportunitiesandtourismrestrictions.c.Thegovernmentcanaddresstheseconcernsbyprovidingalternativelivelihoods,offeringfinancialincentives,andinvolvinglocalcommunitiesindecision-making.3.a.Coralgardeninginvolvesgrowingfragmentsofhealthycoralinnurseriesandthentransplantingthemtodamagedareas.b.Thebenefitsofcoralgardeningincludeacceleratingreefrecoveryandrestoringbiodiversity.c.Challengesincludescalability,sustainability,andtheneedforongoingmaintenance.五、论述题1.Coralreefsarevitaltoglobalecosystemsastheysupportahighlevelofbiodiversity,protectcoastlinesfromstorms,andplayacrucialroleincarbonsequestration.However,theyfacesignificantthreatsduetohumanactivitiessuchaspollution,overfishing,andclimatechange.Risingoceantemperaturescausecoralbleaching,leadingtohabitatlossandreducedbiodiversity.Pollutionfromagriculturalrunoffandindustrialwastefurtherdegradeswaterquality,harmingcoralhealth.Overfishingdisruptstheecosystembalance,reducingthepopulationsofkeyspeciesthatmaintainreefhealth.Tomitigatethesechallenges,governmentsandorganizationscan