广西梧州市2024-2025学年高二下学期开学考试英语含解析

2024-2025学年度高二年级下学期开学考英语(全卷满分100分，考试时间60分钟)注意事项：1．答题前，考生务必将学校、班级、姓名、考号填写在答题卡上。2．考生请在答题卡上作答(答题注意事项见答题卡)，在本试题上作答无效。第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分60分）第一节(共15小题，每小题3分，满分45分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。AFourSelf-Portralts(自画像)byFamousArtistsRaphael(RaffaelloSanziodaUrbino)—“Self-Portrait”,1506Oneofthebeautifulself-portraitsbyfamousartistRaphaelwasdrawnattheageof23.Itmeasuresaround45cmX33cmandislocatedattheworld-famousUffiziGallery.TheItalianpainterusedoilonboardtodrawhisself-portrait,whichwastheclearestandthemostrecognizableself-portraitsofRaphaelhimself.LeonardodaVinci—“PortraitofaManinRedChalk”,1512“PortraitofaManinRedChalk”isaself-portraitofdaVinciattheageof60andmeasuresaround33.3cmX21.6cm,whichisondisplayinBibliotecaReale,Turin,Italy.Itisdrawnwithredchalkonpaperandrepresentstheheadofanelderlymaninathree-quarterview.Intheportrait,thelengthofthehairisuncommoninRenaissance(文艺复兴)portraits.RembrandtvanRijn—“Self-PortraitwithBeretandTurned-upCollar”,1659DutchpainterRembrandtvanRijnpaintedhisself-portraitin1659whenhewas53yearsoldItshowshisworriedexpressionthatclearlyportraysthetroubledconditionofhismindatthatpointofhislifesincetheyear1659wasayearofanxietyforhim.Thisself-portraitfounditsplaceamongtheBenjaminAltmanCollection,whichhasbeenexhibitedintheMetropolitanMuseumofArtsince1913.EdgarDegas—“DegasAuPorte-Fusain”,1855EdgarDegasmadethisself-portraitonlywhenhewastwenty-oneyearsold.Itwasoneofthemostremarkableofhisfifteenself-portraits.Degaswasseatedasseeminglywithoutfearandanxiety.Theposeinthepaintingwasformalandacademic.Thepaintingislocatedinthemuséed’Orsay,Paris,France1．WhereshouldvisitorsgoiftheywanttoadmireRaphael’sself-portraitin1506?A．UffiziGallery.B．BibliotecaRealc.C．Themuséed’Orsay.D．TheMetropolitanMuseumofArt.2．WhichaspectofPortraitofaManinRedChalkwasspecialduringtheRenaissance?A．Theredclothing.B．Theformalpose.C．Thelonghair.D．Theworriedexpression.3．Whichpainterwastheyoungestwhenpaintingtheabove-mentionedself-portraits?A．Raphael.B．EdgarDegas.C．LeonardodaVinci.D．RembrandtvanRijn.BTechnologically,the20-yearjumpfrom2015to2035willbehuge.Backin1995wewereintheearlydaysoftheInternet,weworkedinsmallroomsandourcomputerswereheavyandpoweredbyWindows95.TherewerenotouchscreenphonesorflatscreenTVs;peoplelaughedattheideaofreadingelectronicbooks.So,whatwillourworldreallybelikein2035?Whatwillthefuturejobsandtechnologybelike?Theworldin2035willprobablybemuchlikeitistoday,butsmarterandmoreautomatic.Wecanseethefutureofourworkfirst.Taxidriverswillbereplacedbyself-drivingUber,carsandreceptionistswillbereplacedbyrobots.Doctorscanusevastmedicaldatabasesandtravelagentswillbewipedoutbytrip-planning,flight-bookingwebservices.EvenwritersarethreatenedbycompaniessuchasNarrativeScience,whichcurrentlyusesAItocreatesportsreportsandfinancialupdates.Obviously,therewillalsobenewjobscreated:thecomputerengineerwhofixestheself-drivingUbertaxis,programmers,spacetourguidesandvertical(垂直的)farmers.Technologywillcontinuetodisrupt(扰乱)businessesandgetridofjobs,creatingnewprofessionswecan'tyetenvisagenow.Thoseofuswhoworkprobablywon'tdosoinatraditionalofficeeither.We'realreadyseeingashiftinthedefinitionofwork.It'snowataskyouperform,notaplaceyougoto.Productivityisnolongermeasuredbysittingatadesk.There'snoninetofive.Nojobforlife.Thebiggestadvantageofworkingfromhomeisshatyousavealotoftimecommutingbackandforthtowork.Youcanspendextratimewithyourchildrenorspouseandreadthenewspaperinsteadofsittingintraffic.Ofcourse,advancedtechnologywillensurethatmostofuscanworkfromhome.4．What’sthefunctionofthequestionsinparagraph2？A．Leadinginthetopicofthearticle.B．Raisingthethinkingofthereaders.C．Introducingtheworkofthefuture.D．Inspiringreaderstoexplorethefuture.5．Whichjobwillnotbecreatedinthefuture?AputerengineerB．programmerC．farmerD．spacetourguide6．Wherewillmostpeopleworkinthefuture?A．Intheoffice.B．Atthehotel.C．Intheopenair.D．Athome.7．Whatwillbediscussedinthefollowingparagraph?A．Thefuturehealth.B．Thefuturetechnology.C．Thefuturemarriage.D．Thefuturetransportation.CIfyou’reakeenreader,youhaveprobablyheardofChileanAmericanauthorIsabelAllendeandmayhavereadoneofher20+booksoffictionandnon-fiction.OneofLatinAmerica’smostfamouslivingwriters,IsabelAllendeprimarilywritesinSpanish.ButherworkhasbeentranslatedintoEnglishandadaptedforthebigscreen,too,soit’saccessibletoreadersandviewersbeyondherhomeland.IsabelAllendewasbornin1942inPerutoChileanparents.Herparentsseparatedwhenshewasveryyoung,andshespentafewyearsofherchildhoodinChilewithhermother,twosiblingsandgrandfather.WhenAllendewas11,hermotherremarriedandAllendespenttherestofherchildhoodinBoliviaandLebanon.Beforeherfirstbookwaspublished,Allendeworkedasajournalist,Sheco-foundedthefirstfeministmagazine,Paula,inChile,in1967,workedintelevision,wroteandproducedaplay,andwrotechildren'sstoriesandmagazines.In1973,AllendeandherfamilymovedtoVenezuela,wheretheylivedforthenext13years.In1981,thefoundationsofherfirstnovel,TheHouseoftheSpirits,werelaid,afterlearningthather99-year-oldgrandfatherwasdying,Allendewrotealettertohim.ThiseventuallybecameTheHouseoftheSpirits,amagical-realistfamilylongstory.Allendehadalong,productiveandcelebratedwritingcareer.Overfourdecadesshehaspublished24books,whichhavebeentranslatedintomorethan40languagesandsoldmorethan75millioncopies,makingheroneofthebest-sellingauthorsintheworld.Sheisafairlyrareauthorwhohasachievedwidespreadpopularityamonggeneralrendersandacclaimamongliterarycritics.Sheherselfandherbookshavebeenthesubjectofmanyacademicliterarystudies,andshe’sanessentialpartoftheLatinAmericanSpanishliterarycanon(经典).8．WhatlanguagedoesAllendemostlywritein?A．Latin.B．Spanish.C．English.D．French.9．Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A．Allende’searlylife.B．Allende’shomeland.C．Allende’seducation.D．Allende’smarriage10．Whendidshewroteherfirstnovel,TheHouseoftheSpirits?A．In1942.B．In1961.C．In1973.11．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“acclaim”inthelastparagraphmean?A．Worry.B．Doubt.C．Praise.Dfort.DContraryto“popularopinion’,thescientificpursuitforknowledgeisnotapredictableprocess.Tomakenewdiscoveries,researchersneedthefreedomtobecreative,fail,andlearnbychance.Thisaspectissimilartoart.ThisiswhyWageningenscientistslooktoartistsforinspirationandexchangeideasabouthowtoincreasecreativefreedom.“Scienceandartaretwodifferentwaystomakesomethingunderstandable.Theybothprovideaperspectiveonreality,”saysBiochemistryProfessorDolfWeijers.“Fromtheoutside,theresearchprocesslooksveryformalandtheartisticprocesslookssomewhatmessy.Butthescientificprocesscanalsounfoldinanunpredictableway.”“Scientistscanlearnalotfromartists,”saysWeijers.“Associationandcreativityarecentraltoart.Thoseaspectsrequiremoreattentioninscienceasthecreativeprocessisthekeyofscience."“Asascientist,youusedifferentmethods,butitisequallyabouthowyouvisualizeyourunderstandingsofrealityandtheconnectionsbetweenthem.Thisissometimesjustasvisualasart,”saysWeijers.(OneexampleisarecentspecialprojectinwhichWeijersandhiscolleagueJorisSprakel,professorofPhysicalChemistryandSoftMatter,measuredtheforcesthatactonplantcells.Amolecular(分子的)sensorwasusedtovisualizethedifferentforces.Theyshowedtheresultsincolorfulimages,eachrepresentingadifferentforce.Whatscienceandartalsohaveincommonisthattheyaretopicsofdiscussioninsociety.Therearepeoplewhosaythattheydonotvalueartandpeoplewhomistrustscience.Weijerssays,“Itoftencreatesthewrongimpressionbecauseonlytheresultsofscientificstudiesarepresented,andpeopledonothaveanyinsightintotheprocessleadingtodiscovery.Asascientist,youaredoubtedifyousaysomethingthatisdifferentafewyearslater.Thenyouareviewedasunreliable.Butwhatisoftenpoorlyunderstoodisthattherearenofinalresultsinscience.Whatwescientistscanachieveinthecomingperiodistoprovidemorechancesforpeopletofocusontheprocess.Personally,Ithinkthattheconnectionwithartcanhelptoleadthefocusontheprocessthantheresult.”12．WhatdoesDolfWeijersthinkofscienceprocess?A．Itisalwaysserious.B．Itcan’tbeaccidental.C．Itdoesn'tallowailure.D．Itcanbeunexpected.13．Whatdoestheunderlinedsentence“Thisissometimesjustasvisualasart”inparagraph4mean?A．Sciencecanbevisualizedlikeart.B．Visualizingisamustforscience.C．Scienceshouldbeunderstoodbyvisualizing.D．Visualizingisaseasyinscienceasinart.14．WhydocommonpeoplemistrustscienceinDolfWeijers’opinion?A．Scientistsusuallydrawunreliableconclusions.B．Scientistsdon’tusevisualizingtoshowtheresult.C．Thescientificprocessisunknowntothem.D．Thescientificresultsarecomplexforthepublic.15．Whichcanbeasuitabletitle?A．DifferencesBetweenScienceandArt.B．SimilaritiesBetweenScienceandArt.C．ScientistsandArtistsContributetotheWorld.D．ScienceandArtAreToolstoUnderstandtheWorld.第二节(共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Travelingwithfriendsorfamilyisalwaysafunbondingexperience,andoneofthebestwaystodothatisbytakingacharter(租赁）bus.16.Securityandsafety 17.Whenhiringabus,itismuchharderforsomeonetostealitbecausetherearenotenoughcarsorpeopletheycandistractduringanescapeattempt.Additionally,somecompaniesprovidetheirsecuritypersonnelonboardtheirbuseswhichaddsanextrameasureofsafetyforallpassengersandthecompanyitself. Whencharteringabus,youhavemoreflexibilitythanrentingcarsortravelingbytrain.You’llalsohavetheconvenienceofbeingabletospecifypreciselyhowmuchspaceandcomforteveryoneinyourgroupneedsduringthetrip,whichisessentialiftherearemobilityissuesamongsomemembersofyourparty.ComfortIfyou’retravelingwithmorethanoneortwopeople,theremaybemorecomfortablewaystotravelthanstayinginacar.19,especiallyifyou'retravelinglongdistances.Theseatingwillbecomfortable,andtherewillprobablybemanyelectricaloutletswhereyoucanplugyourdevicesin.ConvenienceTherearemanyadvantagesofbookingacharterbusoverarentalcarwhentravelingwithagroup,butthebiggestoneisconvenience.Ifyoubookacharterbus,thebuscompanywillpickyouupatyourstartlocation,driveyoutoyourendlocation,andevenwaitforyouatanyplacewhereyouwanttostop. 20.A．FlexibilityB．RoomforpersonalbelongingsC．Inshort,thebusisyourvehicle,andyoucanuseitasyoupleaseD．ThefirstreasonissecuritywhenyoutravelwithmorethanonepersonE．YoujusthavetoworryabouthavingfunsafelywithotherfellowtravelersF．Acharteredbuswillgiveeveryoneinyourgroupsomemuch-neededcomfortG．Herearethereasonswhyyoushouldbookacharterbuswhentravelingwithagroup第二部分语言知识运用（共一节，满分15分）第一节(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Sinceancienttimes,Chinesepeoplehavebeenplanting,picking,makinganddrinkingtea.Basedonnaturalconditionsandlocalcustoms,21Chineseteaproducershavedevelopedaresixcategoriesoftea.Thereareothervarietieslikeflower-scentedteas,andmorethan2,000tea22(product).Thetraditionalteamakingtechniquesare23(main)concentratedinthefourtearegionsinChina.Associatedsocialpractices(习俗),however,arespreadthroughoutthecountryandsharedbymultipleethnicgroups.Teaisubiquitous(无处不在的)inChinesepeople’sdailylife,assteepedor24(boil)teaisservedinfamilies,workplaces,teahouses,restaurantsandtemples,tonameafew.Itisalso25importantpartofsocializationandceremoniessuchasweddingsandsacrifices.China’straditionaltea-making26(add)on29th,NovembertotheintangibleculturalheritagelistoftheUnitedNationsEducational,Scientific,andCulturalOrganization(UNESCO).Chinanowhas43itemsontheintangibleculturalheritagelist,27(continue)tobethemostenlistedcountryintheworld.Theitem“TraditionalteaprocessingtechniquesandassociatedsocialpracticesinChina”28(pass)theexaminationatthe17thsessionoftheUNESCOIntergovernmentalCommitteefortheSafeguardingoftheIntangibleCulturalHeritageongoingintheMoroccancapital.ThetraditionalteaprocessingtechniquesandassociatedsocialpracticesinChinaconsist29knowledge,skills,andpracticesconcerningthemanagementofteaplantations,pickingoftealeaves,manualprocessing,drinking,30sharingoftea.第三部分书面表达（共一节，满分25分）第一节(满分25分)上周你校邀请王教授来校开展了“急救知识”主题讲座活动，假如你是校英文报记者李华，请根据下列提示用英文写一篇新闻报道，向校报投稿。内容包括：1．讲座的时间、地点和参加人员；2．讲座的内容；3．活动的反响。注意：1．词数80左右；2．可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。ALectureonFirstAid2024-2025学年度高二年级下学期开学考英语答案1~3：ACB4~7：ACDB8~11：BADC12~15：DACB16~20：GDAFC21．what22．products23．mainly24．boiled25．an26．wasadded27．Continuing28．passed29．of30．and【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国传统制茶技艺被列入了联合国教科文组织人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录。21．考查主语从句。句意：根据自然条件和当地习俗，中国茶农发展出了六大茶类。分析可知，设空处引导主语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指物，所以用连接代词what引导。故填what。22．考查名词。句意：还有花茶等其他品种，以及2000多种茶产品。设空处前面有morethan2,000，应用可数名词product的复数形式。故填products。23．考查副词。句意：传统的制茶技术主要集中在中国的四大茶区。设空处前、后为动词短语areconcentratedin，设空处应用副词mainly作状语，修饰该动词短语。故填mainly。24．考查非谓语动词。句意：茶在中国人的日常生活中无处不在，家庭、工作场所、茶馆、餐馆和寺庙都供应泡茶或煮茶。设空处前面有steepedor，分析可知or连接两个动词的过去分词作定语修饰后面的名词tea。故填boiled。25．考查冠词。句意：茶是社交领域以及婚礼、祭祀等仪式的重要组成部分。本句中使用不定冠词泛指一个重要的组成部分，又因为important是以元音音素发音开头，用不定冠词an。故填an。26．考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：11月29日，中国传统制茶技艺被列入联合国教科文组织人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录。设空处在句中作谓语，和句子的主语China’straditionaltea-making之间为被动关系；事情发生在过去，应用一般过去时。故设空处应为一般过去时的被动语态，主语单数，谓语动词也用单数形式。故填wasadded。27．考查非谓语动词。句意：至此，我国共有43个项目列入联合国教科文组织非物质文化遗产名录，依然居世界第一。本句已经有一个谓语动词has，且无连词，动词continue需要用非谓语的形式。continue和句子的逻辑主语China为逻辑上的主动关系，应用现在分词形式作状语。故填continuing。28．考查动词的时态。句意：“中国传统制茶技艺及其相关习俗”项目在摩洛哥首都召开的联合国教科文组织保护非物质文化遗产政府间委员会第17届常委会上通过了评审。根据语境和前一段的时态可知，事情发生在过去，此处应用一般过去时。故填passed。29．考查介词。句意：“中国传统制茶技艺及相关习俗”包括茶园管理、茶叶采摘、茶的手工制作，30．考查连词。句意：“中国传统制茶技艺及相关习俗”包括相关的知识、技