GMAT写作真题题库及参考答案

GMAT写作真题题库及参考答案考试时长：120分钟满分：100分GMAT写作真题题库及参考答案考核对象：准备GMAT考试的考生题型分值分布：-判断题（10题，每题2分）——总分20分-单选题（10题，每题2分）——总分20分-多选题（10题，每题2分）——总分20分-案例分析（3题，每题6分）——总分18分-论述题（2题，每题11分）——总分22分总分：100分---一、判断题（每题2分，共20分）1.Theargumentconcludesthatthecityshouldinvestinpublictransportationbecauseitwillreducetrafficcongestion.Thisconclusionislogicallysound.（该论证认为城市应投资公共交通以减少交通拥堵，这一结论具有逻辑性。）□正确□错误2.Ifthepremisesstatethat"moststudentspreferonlinelearning,"itlogicallyfollowsthat"allstudentsdisliketraditionalclassrooms."（如果前提是“大多数学生更喜欢在线学习”，那么可以逻辑地推断“所有学生都讨厌传统课堂。”）□正确□错误3.Acausalrelationshipbetweentwoeventscanbeestablishedifthereisacorrelationbetweenthem.（如果两个事件之间存在相关性，就可以建立它们之间的因果关系。）□正确□错误4.Theargumentassumesthatincreasingtaxeswillleadtohigherunemployment,whichisareasonableassumption.（该论证假设提高税收会导致失业率上升，这是一个合理的假设。）□正确□错误5.Ifasamplesizeissmall,theresultsofastudycannotbegeneralizedtothebroaderpopulation.（如果样本量很小，研究的结果不能推广到更广泛的人群。）□正确□错误6.Theargumentusesemotionalappealsratherthanfactualevidencetosupportitsclaim.（该论证使用情感诉求而非事实证据来支持其主张。）□正确□错误7.Awell-structuredargumentmusthaveaclearthesisstatement.（一个结构良好的论证必须有一个明确的主题句。）□正确□错误8.Iftheconclusionofanargumentistrue,thenallofitspremisesmustalsobetrue.（如果一个论证的结论是真实的，那么它的所有前提也必须都是真实的。）□正确□错误9.Theuseofstatisticsinanargumentstrengthensitsvalidity.（在论证中使用统计数据可以增强其有效性。）□正确□错误10.Afallacyisanerrorinreasoningthatunderminesthecredibilityofanargument.（谬误是一种推理错误，它削弱了论证的可信度。）□正确□错误---二、单选题（每题2分，共20分）1.Whichofthefollowingisakeycharacteristicofastrongargument?A.EmotionallanguageB.ClearlogicC.PopularityoftheconclusionD.Complexvocabulary（以下哪项是强有力论证的关键特征？）□A□B□C□D2.Ina"modusponens"logicalstructure,whichstatementistrue?A.IfP,thenQ.Pisfalse.Therefore,Qisfalse.B.IfP,thenQ.Qistrue.Therefore,Pistrue.C.IfP,thenQ.Pistrue.Therefore,Qisfalse.D.IfP,thenQ.Qisfalse.Therefore,Pisfalse.（在“肯定前件”的逻辑结构中，以下哪项陈述为真？）□A□B□C□D3.Whatistheprimarypurposeofa"conclusion"inanargument?A.TointroducenewevidenceB.TosummarizethepremisesC.TostatethemainpointD.Tocriticizeopposingviews（论证中“结论”的主要目的是什么？）□A□B□C□D4.Whichfallacyinvolvesassumingthatbecausetwoeventsoccurtogether,onemustcausetheother?A.AdhominemB.StrawmanC.CorrelationimpliescausationD.Appealtoauthority（哪种谬误涉及假设因为两个事件同时发生，一个必然导致另一个？）□A□B□C□D5.Whatisthebestwaytostrengthenanargumentwithstatistics?A.UseasmanynumbersaspossibleB.EnsurethedataisrelevantandrecentC.ComparestatisticswithanecdotalevidenceD.Ignoreoutliersinthedata（如何通过统计数据增强论证？）□A□B□C□D6.A"thesisstatement"shouldideallybe:A.AquestionB.AlongparagraphC.AclearandconciseclaimD.Alistofsupportingpoints（“主题句”理想情况下应该是？）□A□B□C□D7.Whichofthefollowingisacommonlogicalfallacy?A.CircularreasoningB.BalancedperspectiveC.EmpiricalevidenceD.Logicalconsistency（以下哪项是常见的逻辑谬误？）□A□B□C□D8.Ina"denyingtheantecedent"fallacy,whichstatementisfalse?A.IfP,thenQ.Pisfalse.Therefore,Qisfalse.B.IfP,thenQ.Qisfalse.Therefore,Pisfalse.C.IfP,thenQ.Pistrue.Therefore,Qistrue.D.IfP,thenQ.Qistrue.Therefore,Pistrue.（在“否定前件”的谬误中，以下哪项陈述为假？）□A□B□C□D9.Whatistheroleof"evidence"inanargument?A.ToentertaintheaudienceB.TosupporttheclaimC.TodistractfromthemainpointD.Toprovideemotionalappeal（论证中“证据”的作用是什么？）□A□B□C□D10.A"counterargument"isbestusedto:A.StrengthentheoriginalclaimB.IgnoreopposingviewsC.WeakentheoriginalclaimD.Demonstratebias（“反论证”最好用于？）□A□B□C□D---三、多选题（每题2分，共20分）1.Whichofthefollowingarecommonlogicalfallacies?A.AdhominemB.AppealtoauthorityC.RedherringD.CircularreasoningE.Balancedperspective（以下哪些是常见的逻辑谬误？）□A□B□C□D□E2.Whatmakesanargument"strong"?A.ClearlogicB.EmotionallanguageC.CredibleevidenceD.ConcisestructureE.Popularityoftheconclusion（以下哪些因素使论证“强有力”？）□A□B□C□D□E3.Whichofthefollowingarecomponentsofawell-structuredargument?A.ThesisstatementB.PremisesC.ConclusionD.EmotionalappealsE.Counterarguments（以下哪些是结构良好论证的组成部分？）□A□B□C□D□E4.Whatshouldbeavoidedinanargumenttomaintaincredibility?A.CrediblesourcesB.EmotionallanguageC.ClearlogicD.FactualevidenceE.Logicalfallacies（为了保持可信度，以下哪些应该避免？）□A□B□C□D□E5.Whichofthefollowingareexamplesof"evidence"inanargument?A.StatisticsB.AnecdotesC.ExpertopinionsD.PersonalbeliefsE.Scientificstudies（以下哪些是论证中“证据”的例子？）□A□B□C□D□E6.Whatisthepurposeofa"counterargument"?A.TostrengthentheoriginalclaimB.ToweakentheoriginalclaimC.ToprovideabalancedperspectiveD.TodistractfromthemainpointE.Toentertaintheaudience（“反论证”的目的是什么？）□A□B□C□D□E7.WhichofthefollowingarecommonlogicalfallaciesinGMATarguments?A.StrawmanB.AppealtoemotionC.FalsedilemmaD.CorrelationimpliescausationE.Balancedperspective（以下哪些是GMAT论证中常见的逻辑谬误？）□A□B□C□D□E8.Whatmakesanargument"convincing"?A.CredibleevidenceB.EmotionallanguageC.ClearlogicD.ConcisestructureE.Popularityoftheconclusion（以下哪些因素使论证“有说服力”？）□A□B□C□D□E9.Whichofthefollowingarecomponentsofastrongthesisstatement?A.ClearandconciseB.SpecificandarguableC.EmotionalandpersuasiveD.BroadandvagueE.Factualandverifiable（以下哪些是强有力主题句的组成部分？）□A□B□C□D□E10.Whatshouldbeconsideredwhenevaluatingthevalidityofanargument?A.CredibilityofsourcesB.LogicalconsistencyC.EmotionalappealD.RelevanceofevidenceE.Popularityoftheconclusion（评估论证有效性时应考虑哪些因素？）□A□B□C□D□E---四、案例分析（每题6分，共18分）案例1：Acitycouncilisconsideringwhethertobuildanewsportscomplex.Thecouncilmemberinfavorargues,"Buildingasportscomplexwillboosttourismandcreatejobs.Ourcityneedseconomicgrowth,andthisisthebestwaytoachieveit."Opponentsargue,"Themoneycouldbebetterspentoneducationorhealthcare.Sportscomplexesarenotapriority."问题：1.Identifyonelogicalfallacyinthecouncilmember'sargument.（该市议员论证中存在的一个逻辑谬误是什么？）2.Howcouldtheargumentbestrengthenedwithevidence?（如何通过证据增强该论证？）案例2：Acompanyisconsideringwhethertoswitchtoaremoteworkmodel.TheCEOargues,"Remoteworkincreasesproductivitybecauseemployeesaremorecomfortableandmotivated.Thiswillsavethecompanymoneyonofficespace."Employeesworryaboutlosingteamcohesionandcompanyculture.问题：1.WhatisthemainassumptionintheCEO'sargument?（CEO论证中的主要假设是什么？）2.Howcouldtheargumentbeimprovedbyaddressingcounterarguments?（如何通过回应反论证来改进该论证？）案例3：Aschoolboardisdecidingwhethertoadoptanewmathcurriculum.Theboardmemberinfavorargues,"Thenewcurriculumisbasedonresearchandwillimprovestudentperformance.Otherschoolshaveseensuccesswithit."Parentsworrythatthenewcurriculumistoodifficult.问题：1.Whatisthekeyevidencesupportingtheboardmember'sargument?（支持市议员论证的关键证据是什么？）2.Howcouldtheargumentbestrengthenedbyaddressingparentalconcerns?（如何通过回应家长担忧来增强该论证？）---五、论述题（每题11分，共22分）题目1：Somepeoplebelievethatsocialmediaplatformsshouldbemorestrictlyregulatedtoprotectusersfromharmfulcontent.Othersarguethatsuchregulationwouldinfringeonfreespeech.Discussbothsidesoftheissueandprovideyourownposition.（一些人认为社交媒体平台应更严格地监管以保护用户免受有害内容的影响。另一些人则认为这种监管会侵犯言论自由。讨论双方的观点，并给出你自己的立场。）题目2：Inmanycountries,thegovernmentisresponsibleforprovidinghealthcaretoitscitizens.However,somearguethataprivatehealthcaresystemwouldbemoreefficientandeffective.Discusstheprosandconsofbothsystemsandprovideyourownrecommendation.（在许多国家，政府负责为其公民提供医疗保健。然而，一些人认为私有医疗系统会更高效、更有效。讨论两种系统的利弊，并给出你自己的建议。）---标准答案及解析---一、判断题1.□错误（结论需要基于前提，但城市投资公共交通未必能直接减少拥堵，需进一步论证。）2.□错误（“大多数”不等于“所有”，不能逻辑推断。）3.□错误（相关性不等于因果关系，需排除其他变量。）4.□正确（这是一个合理的假设，但需证据支持。）5.□错误（小样本仍可能具有代表性，关键在于抽样方法。）6.□正确（情感诉求不能替代逻辑和证据。）7.□正确（主题句是论证的核心。）8.□错误（结论为真不代表前提全为真，前提可能部分为假。）9.□正确（统计数据增强说服力，但需确保来源可靠。）10.□正确（谬误是推理错误。）---二、单选题1.□B（逻辑性是关键。）2.□B（肯定前件：如果P则Q，Q为真，则P为真。）3.□C（结论是论证的核心。）4.□C（“相关性即因果性”是常见谬误。）5.□B