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ObjectiveUponthecompletionofthisproject,studentswill:■Understandthedifferencebetweenfirmofferandnonfirmofferandgrasptheirrelativeexpressions.■Befamiliarwiththeterms&conditionsinvolvedinanofferandbeabletowritethemindependently.■Knowsomeprinciplesastohowtonameprices.■Beabletomakeanofferintheformofquotation.返回LeadingInTheofferisthefirstpartofacontract.Thepersonwhomakestheofferiscalledtheofferor,andthepersontowhomtheofferismadeiscalledtheofferee.Theoffermust

containcertainanddefinitelanguageandcoverallthetermsnecessaryforavalidcon-tract,whichincludethefollowing:thesubjectmatterofthecontract(thenameofthecommodity,specifications,quantity,etc.),price,paymentterms,anddeliveryterms.下一页返回LeadingInButgreatweightisgiventoindustrycustomsandthepreviousdealingsofthepartiesindeterminingwhetherthetermsarecertainanddefiniteenoughtoconstituteanofferAnofferisdifferentfromquotationandbid.Aquotationismerelyanoticeofthe

priceofcertaingoodsatwhichtheselleriswillingtosell.Whenquoting,thesellercan

giveonlythepriceofthegoodshewishestosell.上一页下一页返回LeadingInButwhenoffering,thesellershould

giveallnecessarytermsofsalesforthebuyer’sconsideration.Abidisthepriceat

whichabuyerhasofferedtopurchasethecurrencyorinstrument,whileanofferisthe

priceatwhichaselleriswillingtoselAsatisfactoryofferusuallyincludesthefollowing:(1)anexpressionofthanksfortheinquiry,ifany;(2)thenameofcommodities,quality,quantity,packingandspecifications;上一页下一页返回LeadingIn(3)thedetailsofprices,discountsandtermsofpayment;(4)astatementorclearindicationofwhatthepricescover;(5)thedateofdelivery;(6)theperiodforwhichtheofferisvalid.上一页返回SpecimenLetters1.LetterOneMay20,200179GoldStreetSanFrancisco,AmericaGentlemen:ThankyouforyourinquiryofMay15,requestingourofferforbicycles.WearegladtohearthatyounoticedouradvertisementintheMarchissueofWorldCycling.NodoubtyoualsoreadtheitemsaboutourproductsonPage20ofthisissue.下一页返回SpecimenLettersAsyousee,ourproductsareenjoyingagoodreputationallovertheworld.Wearecon-fidentthatthesuperiorqualityofourproductswouldhelpyouexpandyourmarket.Foryourreference,weareenclosingacopyofourlatestpricelistgivingCIFSan

Franciscopricestogetherwithanillustratedcatalogue.Theshipmentoftheproductscouldbemadewithintwoweeksuponthereceiptofyourconfirmedirrevocableletterofcredit.上一页下一页返回SpecimenLettersInordertosecureyourinitialorder,weallowaspecialdiscountof5%onthe

orderofonethousandbicyclesandover.Weanticipateyourinitialordersoon.Bestregards,ShantouTradeCorporationZhaoHuaSalesRepresentative上一页下一页返回SpecimenLetters2.LetterTwoJune17,2001Messrs.John&WhiteCo.47FreedomStreetNewYork,AmericaGentlemen:Wearegladtolearnfromyourletterof10thJuneofyourinterestinourproducts.Pleasefindtheenclosedcatalogueandpricelistyouaskedfor.Alsoenclosedarethedetailsofourconditionsofsaletermsofpayment.上一页下一页返回SpecimenLettersPleasenotethatweofferspecialal-lowanceonthefollowingbasis:Onpurchasesexceedingatotalof:$10,000butnotexceeding$30,000—8%$30,000butnotexceeding$60,000—15%$60,000andabove—20%Nospecialallowancecouldbegivenonatotalpurchasebelow$10,000.Thequo-tationissubjecttoourfinalconfirmation.上一页下一页返回SpecimenLettersWelookforwardtoyourfirstordersBestregards,MinShengImport&ExportCorporationGaoShuguangManagerofExportDepartmen上一页下一页返回SpecimenLetters3.LetterThreeMay19,2001J&FCo.58SafeRoadSan,Francisco,AmericaGentlemen:WeacknowledgethereceiptofyourletterdatedMay15.Wetakepleasureinmak-ingyou,asperyourrequest,thefollowingoffer:Article:CanvasWoodenFoldingChairsat$5.00perPC.CFRFrancisco.上一页下一页返回SpecimenLettersQuantity:1,000PCS.TermofShipment:DuringJune/July,2001Package:twoPCStoacartonPayment:ByirrevocableletterofcreditwhichshouldbeopenedthroughathirdcountrybankintheU.S.A.acceptabletotheSellers.Theofferaboveissubjecttoourfinalconfirmation.Weareawaitingyourpromptreply.上一页下一页返回SpecimenLettersBestregards,TinaApoExportTradeCompanyChenShangSalesManager上一页返回TermstoLearn(1)confirm(2)makeafirmofferfor(3)Europeanmainport(4)subjecttothereceiptof(5)entertain(6)counteroffer(7)asregards(8)beunderoffer(9)acceptablebid(10)resultin(11)profitatyourrequest(12)beinreceiptof(13)withoutdelay,withoutanydelay,withtheleastpossibledelay(14)underseparatecover/byseparatemail/undercove下一页返回TermstoLearn(15)induecourse(16)startconcretetransaction(17)takepleasurein/havepleasurein(18)specificoffer(19)finalconfirmation(20)trialorder(21)meetwithafavourablereception(22)repeatorder(23)heavydemand(24)takeadvantageof(25)havereceivedsampleswiththanks(26)asrequested上一页下一页返回TermstoLearn(27)thereisnoquestionabout(28)remainsvalid/keepfirm/keepgood(29)sellfast(30)takethenecessarysteps上一页返回UsefulSentence1.虚盘常用表达方式(1)subjecttoourfinalconfirmation以我方最后确认为准(2)withoutengagement此报盘无约束力(3)subjecttothegoodsbeingunsold以货物未被售出为准(4)subjecttopriorsale以先售为准2.实盘常用表达方式(1)makeafirmoffer(2)offersb.firm下一页返回UsefulSentenceTipsforstipulationofthevalidityofanoffer.Thevalidityofanofferdependsonthefollowingfactors:themeansofcommunica-tion,categoryofthecommodity,tradeamount,andthemarketsituation.Forcommoditieswithstableprices,andhandledinsmallquantities,wecouldal-lowalongerperiod:5-7daysormore.上一页下一页返回UsefulSentenceWhileforthoserawmaterialsorprimaryproducts,ifthetradingvolumeisprettylargeandtheinternationalmarketfluctuatesgreatly,thevalidityshouldbeshortento2-3daysorles(1)Wemakeyouthefollowingoffersubjecttoyourreplywithin10days.现报盘如下,以你方在10日之内回复为有效。(2)Wemakeyouanoffer,subjecttoyourreplyreachingusnotlaterthannoontimeOctober21Beijingtime.现报盘如下,以你方在北京时间10月21日中午前回复为有效。上一页下一页返回UsefulSentence(3)Theofferisvalidfor3days.此报盘有效期为3天。(4)TheofferisopentillMarch15.此报盘在3月15日以前有效。4.报价(Quotations)句型1:toquotesb.apriceforsth.向某人报……价InreplytoyourenquirydatedDec.10,wequoteyouthepriceCFRHamburgfor

5m/tWalnutmeat.现回复你方12月10日询盘,报5公吨①核桃仁CFR汉堡价。上一页下一页返回UsefulSentenceWetakepleasureinquotingyouourlowestpriceforblacktea.我们很高兴向你方报红茶的最低价。句型2:toquoteforsth.at…报某货价Wequoteforthisarticle(at)US$10percaseFOBShanghai.我们报此货FOB上海价,每箱10美元。句型3:tosend(make,give)sb.our(best,lowest)quotationfor爥向某人报……(最低)价上一页下一页返回UsefulSentenceThankyouforyourenquiryofMay21andwearepleasedtosendyouourbestquotationforMen’sShirts.谢谢你方5月21日的询盘。现高兴地向你方报男衬衫最低价。Wehavereceivedyourenquiryandwillgiveyouaquotationfor30longtonsofTinSheetsassoonaspossible.我们已收到你方询盘,将尽快给你方30长吨锡箔的报价。上一页下一页返回UsefulSentence5.报盘(Offers)句型1:tooffersb.sth.向某人报盘Weofferyou1500ForeverBicyclesatUS$32perpieceCIFLagosfordeliveryin

May.我们向你方报盘,1500辆永久牌自行车,CIF拉哥斯价,每辆32美元,5月份交货。Pleaseofferusfirm20m/ttonsofwoolFOBSydney.请报20公吨羊毛实盘,FOB悉尼价。上一页下一页返回UsefulSentence句型2:toofferCIF(CFR,FOB)报盘CIF(CFR,FOB)价WeofferCFRDarwinfor60tonsAlbumen.兹报盘60吨蛋白CFR达尔文价。PleaseofferfirmFOBGenoafor2000RefrigeratorsArt.No.437.请报2000台货号为437的电冰箱实盘,FOB热那亚价。句型3:toofferasfollows报盘如下ThankyouforyourenquirydatedMarch18andnowweofferasfollows.谢谢你方3月18日询价,现报盘如下。上一页下一页返回UsefulSentence句型4:tomake(send,give)sb.anofferfor(on)sth.向某人报盘PleasemakeusanofferCIFKobefor10tonsofFrozenFish.请给我们10吨冻鱼CIF神户价的报盘。Wetakepleasureinsendingyouanofferfor50setsofMillingMachineType70as

follows.我们高兴地向你方做出50台70型铣床的如下报盘。句型5:subjecttoone’sconfirmation(goodsbeingunsold,replyreaching,here

within…days)上一页下一页返回UsefulSentence以某人确认(货物未售出、在……日内复到)为有效Weofferfirm50m/tBitterApricotKernelsatUS$××FOBpromptshipment,subjecttoourfinal(fax)confirmation.兹报即期装船苦杏仁50公吨实盘,每公吨FOB价××美元,以我方最后(传真)确认为有效。Wemakeyouthefollowingoffer,subjecttoyourreplyreachingherewithin3days(by5p.m.March21ourtime).我们做出如下报盘,以你方答复在3日内(我方时间3月21日下午5时前)到达此地为有效。上一页下一页返回UsefulSentenceThisofferissubjecttogoodsbeingunsold.本报价以货物未售出为有效。句型6:tobefirmfor…有效期为……Thisofferisfirm(valid,good,open,effective)for5days.此报盘有效期为5天。句型7:toadvisesb.toacceptanoffer劝某人接受报盘。Asthepricesquotedareexceptionallylowandlikelytorise,wewouldadviseyou

toaccepttheofferwithoutdelay.上一页下一页返回UsefulSentence由于所报价格特别低,并可能上涨,我们劝你方立即接受此报盘。句型8:tosuggestthatyouaccept…建议某人接受……Asthemarketisfirmwithanupwardtendency,wewouldsuggestinyourinterest

thatyouacceptourofferedprice.由于市场坚挺,行情看涨,为了你方利益我们建议你方接受报价。句型9:tolookforwardtoreceivingone’sorder期望收到某人的订单Wetrustyouwillfindouroffersatisfactoryandlookforwardtoreceivingyour

order.上一页下一页返回UsefulSentence我们相信你方会对我们的报盘感到满意,期望收到你方订单。句型10:toinviteone’sattentiontootherproducts请某人注意其他产品Weinviteyourattentiontoourotherproducts,detailsofwhichyouwillfindinthe

catalogue.敬请垂询我方其他产品,详情见目录。上一页返回ExercisesⅠ.TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish:1.按照请求,我们现报盘500辆飞鸽牌自行车如下。2.此报盘为实盘,以你方在本月底前复到有效。3.如果你方认为这一报盘可接受,则请即来电,以便我方确认。获得必要的进口许可证是没有问题的。4.我们高兴地给你方报永久牌自行车拉各斯成本保险加运费的实盘5.关于标题项下的货物,随函寄去形式发票88号一式两份。请注意我们报盘有效期至6月10日。6本报盘将保留至月底有效。7.我们能以具有吸引力的价格向你方报各式各样的中国水果罐头。8.我们的钢笔价格是每打6美元温哥华到岸价。下一页返回Exercises9.现按你方请求报盘如下,以我方最后确认为准。10.上述报盘无约束力。Ⅱ.Fill

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