初中英语《词汇辨析》专项练习与解析 (100 题)

初中英语《词汇辨析》专项练习与解析(100题)姓名：________分数：________时间：90分钟说明：本试卷严格对标初中英语课程标准，贴合课堂教学与中考备考实际，精选100道词汇辨析专项题，每题1分，满分100分。题型涵盖易混名词、动词、形容词、副词辨析，固定搭配、介词短语、情景词汇运用等核心考点，全面考查学生对英语词汇的辨析能力与灵活运用能力。卷尾附参考答案与解析，明确考点、辨析要点及解题思路，助力学生夯实词汇基础，提升应试能力。一、易混名词辨析（共20题，每题1分）答题要求：从下列各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最符合句意的一项。Thereisasmall________nearourschool.Weoftengotheretoreadbooksonweekends.

A.shopB.libraryC.hospitalD.restaurantMymotherboughtanew________forme.Itcankeepmyfoodwarm.

A.bowlB.plateC.fridgeD.box—What’syourfavorite________?

—Ilikemathbest.It’sinteresting.

A.subjectB.sportC.foodD.colorWeneedtobuysome________fortheparty.Therearemanyguestscoming.

A.fruitB.fruitsC.vegetableD.meatThe________ofthecomputerisbroken.Ican’tseeanythingonthescreen.

A.keyboardB.mouseC.monitorD.speaker—Couldyoupassmea________?Iwanttowritedowntheimportantnotes.

—Sure,hereyouare.

A.penB.rulerC.eraserD.knifeTherearemanydifferentkindsof________inthezoo.Wesawtigers,lionsandpandas.

A.plantsB.animalsC.flowersD.treesMyfathergavemeanew________asmybirthdaygift.Icantakephotoswithit.

A.cameraB.phoneC.watchD.radioThe________inthisrestaurantisverydelicious.Manypeoplecomehereeveryday.

A.serviceB.foodC.priceD.environmentWeshouldprotectthe________aroundus.Don’tthrowrubbisheverywhere.

A.airB.waterC.environmentD.land—What’sthe________ofyournewbag?

—It’s200yuan.

A.colorB.sizeC.priceD.weightShehasabeautiful________.Sheoftenwearsittoparties.

A.dressB.clothesC.clothD.clothingTheteacherwrotesomekeypointsonthe________withchalk.

A.paperB.blackboardC.notebookD.bookWetookalotof________duringourtriptoBeijing.Theycanhelpusrememberthehappytime.

A.photosB.photoesC.pictureD.newsHehasagood________.Hecanrememberthingsquickly.

A.memoryB.mindC.brainD.thoughtThe________ofthemeetingistodiscussthenewplanfornextterm.

A.purposeB.resultC.reasonD.causeThereisno________inthebottle.Weneedtobuysomemore.

A.milkB.milksC.eggD.appleSheboughtapairofnew________yesterday.Theyareverycomfortable.

A.shoeB.shoesC.sockD.glassThe________fromthesunmakesusfeelwarminwinter.

A.lightB.heatC.fireD.windHeisreadinga________abouthistory.Ittellshimalotofancientstories.

A.newspaperB.magazineC.bookD.letter二、易混动词辨析（共20题，每题1分）答题要求：从下列各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最符合句意的一项。Please________thedoorwhenyouleavetheroom.Don’tletthecoldaircomein.

A.openB.closeC.turnonD.turnoffHe________alettertohisparentslastnight.Hetoldthemabouthisschoollife.

A.wroteB.readC.sawD.watched—Whatareyoudoing?

—I’m________myhomework.Ineedtofinishitbeforedinner.

A.makingB.doingC.workingD.studyingShe________Englishverywell.Shecantalkwithforeignersfreely.

A.saysB.speaksC.tellsD.talksMymotheris________dinnerinthekitchen.Wewillhavericeandvegetables.

A.cookingB.makingC.doingD.preparingPlease________attentiontoyourteacherinclass.Don’tlookaround.

A.payB.takeC.giveD.makeHe________hisbiketoschooleveryday.It’sgoodforhishealth.

A.ridesB.drivesC.takesD.walksThemovieisverymoving.It________manypeopletotears.

A.madeB.letC.askedD.told—Canyou________meyourpen?Iforgotmineathome.

—Sure,hereyouare.

A.borrowB.lendC.keepD.returnWe________agoodtimeatthepartylastnight.Everyonewashappy.

A.hadB.madeC.didD.gotShe________herkeysyesterday.Shelookedforthemeverywherebutdidn’tfindthem.

A.lostB.missedC.forgotD.leftHe________upearlyeverymorningtoexercise.Heisveryhealthy.

A.getsB.standsC.wakesD.risesPlease________thewindow.It’stoohotintheroom.

A.openB.closeC.turnonD.turnoffTheteacher________usastoryaboutabraveboyinclasstoday.

A.saidB.spokeC.toldD.talkedShe________alotofmoneyonbookseveryyear.Shelovesreading.

A.spendsB.costsC.takesD.paysWeneedto________themeetingontime.Don’tbelate.

A.attendB.joinC.takepartinD.enterHe________hishomeworkcarefullyeveryday.Henevermakesmistakes.

A.doesB.finishesC.checksD.writesThesun________intheeastandsetsinthewest.

A.risesB.raisesC.getsupD.standsupShe________herdaughterfromschooleveryafternoon.

A.picksupB.takesupC.looksupD.givesupWeshould________ourbesttohelppeopleinneed.

A.doB.makeC.tryD.take三、易混形容词、副词辨析（共20题，每题1分）答题要求：从下列各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最符合句意的一项。Thisbookisvery________.I’minterestedinitverymuch.

A.interestingB.interestedC.boringD.boredSheruns________thanherbrother.Shealwayswinstherace.

A.fastB.fasterC.fastestD.morefastTheweatheris________today.Wecangooutforawalk.

A.goodB.wellC.fineD.badHeisa________boy.Healwayshelpsothers.

A.kindB.kindlyC.friendlyD.politely—How________istheriver?

—It’sabout10metersdeep.

A.wideB.deepC.longD.highShespeaksEnglishvery________.Shecancommunicatewithforeignerseasily.

A.goodB.wellC.fineD.niceThisisthe________movieIhaveeverseen.Ialmostfellasleep.

A.boringB.moreboringC.mostboringD.boredHeis________thanhissister.Heis180cmtallandhissisteris165cm.

A.tallerB.higherC.longerD.biggerThefoodsmells________.Iwanttohaveataste.

A.goodB.wellC.deliciousD.badlySheworksvery________.Shealwaysfinishesherworkontime.

A.hardB.hardlyC.easyD.easilyThereisa________differencebetweenthetwowords.Weneedtopayattention.

A.bigB.smallC.greatD.clearHeisnot________enoughtolifttheheavybox.Heneedshelp.

A.strongB.strongerC.strongestD.strengthShelooks________today.Maybesheisnotfeelingwell.

A.happyB.sadC.paleD.angryHedrives________.Heneverbreaksthetrafficrules.

A.carefulB.carefullyC.carelessD.carelesslyThisdressis________thanthatone.Ilikethisonebetter.

A.beautifulB.morebeautifulC.mostbeautifulD.themostbeautifulThewateris________hot.Don’tdrinkitnow.

A.tooB.toC.twoD.veryHeisa________student.Hegetsgoodgradeseverytime.

A.cleverB.stupidC.lazyD.hard-workingShewalks________sothatshecancatchtheearlybus.

A.quicklyB.slowlyC.quietlyD.loudlyTheroomis________.Weneedtocleanit.

A.cleanB.dirtyC.tidyD.untidyHeis________lateforschool.Heisalwaysontime.

A.oftenB.usuallyC.neverD.sometimes四、固定搭配与介词短语辨析（共20题，每题1分）答题要求：从下列各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最符合句意的一项。Heisgood________playingbasketball.Heisintheschoolbasketballteam.

A.atB.inC.onD.forMymotheroftentellsmetolook________mylittlesisterwhensheisnotathome.

A.afterB.forC.atD.upWeshouldgetready________thecomingexam.Weneedtostudyhard.

A.toB.forC.withD.ofHeislookingforward________seeinghisgrandparents.Hemissesthemverymuch.

A.toB.forC.atD.onShespentalotoftime________herhomeworkyesterdayevening.

A.doB.doingC.todoD.didTheteacheraskedustopayattention________thekeypointsinthepassage.

A.toB.onC.atD.forHedecided________atriptoShanghaiwithhisfamilyduringtheholiday.

A.takeB.takingC.totakeD.tookSheisafraid________dogs.Shenevergetsclosetothem.

A.ofB.toC.withD.forWeshouldtryourbesttodeal________theproblem.Don’tgiveup.

A.withB.toC.forD.ofHeisused________gettingupearlyeverymorning.It’sagoodhabit.

A.toB.forC.inD.onShemadeamistake,butshedidn’tapologize________it.

A.forB.toC.withD.aboutWeneedtolook________thenewwordsinthedictionarywhenwedon’tknowthem.

A.upB.forC.afterD.atHeisinterested________history.Hereadsalotofhistorybooks.

A.inB.atC.onD.forSheagreed________gototheparkwithusthisweekend.

A.toB.withC.onD.forWeshouldprotecttheenvironment________ourfuture.

A.forB.toC.withD.ofHeisbusy________hiswork.Hehasnotimetoplay.

A.withB.inC.onD.forShethankedme________helpingherwithherhomework.

A.forB.toC.withD.aboutWeshouldlearn________eachother.Wecanmakeprogresstogether.

A.fromB.toC.withD.forHeistired________workingallday.Hewantstohavearest.

A.ofB.withC.fromD.forSheisgood________children.Shewantstobeateacher.

A.withB.atC.forD.to五、情景词汇运用辨析（共20题，每题1分）答题要求：从下列各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最符合语境的一项。—Goodmorning,sir.MayIhelpyou?

—Yes,Iwantto________aroomfortwonights.

A.bookB.buyC.rentD.borrow—Excuseme,whereisthenearesttoilet?

—Gostraightandturnright.It’sonyourleft.Youcan’t________it.

A.missB.loseC.findD.see—I’msorryI’mlate.Thetrafficisheavy.

—It’sokay.________.

A.Don’tworryB.That’srightC.NevermindD.You’rewelcome—Wouldyoulikesomecoffee?

—No,thanks.Idon’t________coffee.Iprefertea.

A.likeB.loveC.enjoyD.mind—HowwasyourtriptoXi’an?

—Itwas________.Ivisitedmanyplacesofinterest.

A.terribleB.wonderfulC.boringD.difficult—Couldyoutellmethewaytothetrainstation?

—Sure.Goalongthisstreetandyouwill________itattheend.

A.reachB.arriveC.getD.find—I’mgoingtohaveamathtesttomorrow.I’msonervous.

—Takeiteasy.Ibelieveyouwill________.

A.passB.failC.winD.lose—What’sthematterwithyou?Youlookunhappy.

—I________withmybestfriendyesterday.I’msosad.

A.talkedB.arguedC.playedD.chatted—Wouldyoumindopeningthewindow?It’stoohot.

—________.I’llopenitrightaway.

A.OfcourseB.NotatallC.That’srightD.You’rewelcome—Howdoyou________yourweekend?

—IusuallystayathomeandwatchTV.

A.spendB.takeC.costD.pay—Ilostmywalletyesterday.Ihavenomoneynow.

—I’msorrytohearthat.Letme________yousomemoney.

A.lendB.borrowC.giveD.take—Whatdoyouthinkofthenewteacher?

—Sheisvery________.Shealwayssmilesatus.

A.kindB.strictC.angryD.serious—Ican’tsolvethismathproblem.Couldyouhelpme?

—Sure.Let’s________ittogether.

A.workoutB.findoutC.lookoutD.takeout—It’srainingheavily.HowcanIgohome?

—Youcan________myumbrella.Idon’tneeditnow.

A.borrowB.lendC.keepD.return—Happybirthdaytoyou!Hereisagiftforyou.

—Thankyou.It’svery________.Ilikeitverymuch.

A.beautifulB.terribleC.boringD.difficult—I’mgoingtomovetoanewhousenextweek.

—________!Ihopeyouhaveahappylifethere.

A.CongratulationsB.SorrytohearthatC.That’srightD.Goodluck—What’syourhobby?

—Ilike________stamps.Ihavecollectedmanystamps.

A.collectingB.collectingC.tocollectD.collect—I’mhungry.Doyouhaveanythingtoeat?

—Yes,thereissomebreadonthetable.Youcan________it.

A.eatB.haveC.takeD.drink—Couldyoupassmethesalt,please?

—________.Hereyouare.

A.SureB.NoC.SorryD.Thankyou—Howwasyourdinner?

—Itwasverydelicious.The________wasexcellent.

A.serviceB.foodC.priceD.environment参考答案与解析一、易混名词辨析（1-20题）B解析：由“readbooks”可知是图书馆，A商店，C医院，D餐厅，故选B。C解析：由“keepfoodwarm”可知是冰箱，A碗，B盘子，D盒子，故选C。A解析：由“math”可知是科目，B运动，C食物，D颜色，故选A。A解析：fruit表示“水果”总称时为不可数名词，表种类时可数；vegetable为可数名词，此处需用复数，meat不可数但不符合语境，故选A。C解析：由“screen”可知是显示器，A键盘，B鼠标，D扬声器，故选C。A解析：由“writedownnotes”可知是笔，B尺子，C橡皮，D小刀，故选A。B解析：由“tigers,lions”可知是动物，A植物，C花，D树，故选B。A解析：由“takephotos”可知是相机，B手机，C手表，D收音机，故选A。B解析：由“delicious”可知是食物，A服务，C价格，D环境，故选B。C解析：由“protect”“don’tthrowrubbish”可知是环境，A空气，B水，D土地，均片面，故选C。C解析：由“200yuan”可知是价格，A颜色，B尺寸，D重量，故选C。A解析：dress指具体的连衣裙，clothes为集合名词，cloth是布料，clothing为总称，此处指具体衣服，故选A。B解析：由“withchalk”可知是黑板，A纸，C笔记本，D书，故选B。A解析：photo的复数为photos，picture需用复数，news不可数，故选A。A解析：memory指记忆力，mind指头脑，brain指大脑，thought指想法，故选A。A解析：purpose指目的，result指结果，reason指原因（侧重解释），cause指原因（侧重起因），故选A。A解析：milk不可数，egg和apple为可数名词，需用复数，故选A。B解析：shoe常用复数shoes，sock需用复数，glass表示眼镜时用复数，故选B。B解析：heat指热量，light指光，fire指火，wind指风，故选B。C解析：由“abouthistory”“ancientstories”可知是书，A报纸，B杂志，D信，故选C。二、易混动词辨析（21-40题）B解析：由“don’tletcoldaircomein”可知是关门，open打开，turnon/off指电器，故选B。A解析：writealetter写信，read读，see看见，watch观看，故选A。B解析：dohomework为固定搭配，make制作，work工作，study学习，故选B。B解析：speak后接语言，say接内容，tell接双宾语，talk强调交谈，故选B。A解析：cookdinner做饭，make制作，do做，prepare准备，cook更贴合语境，故选A。A解析：payattentionto为固定搭配，意为“注意”，故选A。A解析：rideabike骑自行车，drive开车，take乘坐（交通工具），walk步行，故选A。A解析：makesb.dosth.让某人做某事，let后接动词原形但语气平淡，ask让（请求），tell告诉，故选A。B解析：lend指借出，borrow指借入，keep保留，return归还，此处指借出，故选B。A解析：haveagoodtime为固定搭配，意为“玩得开心”，故选A。A解析：lost丢失（找不到），missed错过，forgot忘记（事），left遗留（有地点），故选A。A解析：getup起床，wakeup醒来，rise升起，standup站起来，故选A。A解析：由“toohot”可知是开窗，close关闭，turnon/off指电器，故选A。C解析：tellastory讲故事，say接内容，speak后接语言，talk交谈，故选C。A解析：spend主语是人，spend...onsth.；cost主语是物；take常用it作形式主语；pay与for搭配，故选A。A解析：attend侧重参加正式会议，join加入组织/团体，takepartin侧重参加活动，enter进入，故选A。C解析：由“carefully”“nevermakesmistakes”可知是检查作业，do做，finish完成，write写，故选C。A解析：rise为不及物动词，指自然升起；raise为及物动词，指人为举起，故选A。A解析：pickup接人，意为“接”；takeup占据，lookup查阅，giveup放弃，故选A。C解析：tryone’sbest为固定搭配，意为“尽某人最大努力”，故选C。三、易混形容词、副词辨析（41-60题）A解析：interesting修饰物，interested修饰人，boring/bored分别为“令人无聊”/“感到无聊”，此处修饰book，故选A。B解析：由than可知用比较级，fast的比较级为faster，故选B。C解析：fine形容天气好，good侧重品质，well作形容词指身体好，bad坏的，故选C。A解析：kind为形容词，修饰boy；kindly为副词，friendly为形容词但侧重“友好的”，politely为副词，故选A。B解析：由“10metersdeep”可知问深度，wide宽，long长，high高，故选B。B解析：well为副词，修饰动词speak；good/fine/nice为形容词，不能修饰动词，故选B。C解析：由“the”“Ihaveeverseen”可知用最高级，boring的最高级为mostboring，故选C。A解析：形容人身高用tall，higher形容高度（物体），longer长，bigger大，故选A。C解析：smells为系动词，后接形容词，delicious更贴合“想品尝”的语境，good/nice程度浅，badly为副词，故选C。A解析：workhard努力工作，hardly意为“几乎不”，easy为形容词，easily为副词但不贴合语境，故选A。D解析：cleardifference明显区别，big/small/great侧重大小程度，故选D。A解析：enough修饰形容词放其后，strong为原级，stronger为比较级，strength为名词，故选A。C解析：pale苍白的，符合“不舒服”的语境，happy开心，sad伤心，angry生气，故选C。B解析：carefully为副词，修饰动词drive；careful为形容词，careless/carelessly为“粗心的/地”，故选B。B解析：由than可知用比较级，beautiful的比较级为morebeautiful，故选B。A解析：toohot太热，to为介词/不定式符号，two二，veryhot非常热但不强调“过于”，故选A。D解析：hard-working勤奋的，符合“成绩好”的语境，clever聪明，stupid愚蠢，lazy懒惰，故选D。A解析：quickly快速地，slowly缓慢地，quietly安静地，loudly大声地，故选A。D解析：untidy不整洁的，符合“需要打扫”的语境，clean干净，dirty脏（侧重有污垢），tidy整洁，故选D。C解析：由“alwaysontime”可知从不迟到，often经常，usually通常，sometimes有时，故选C。四、固定搭配与介词短语辨析（61-80题）A解析：begoodatdoingsth.为固定搭配，意为“擅长做某事”，故选A。A解析：lookafter照顾，lookfor寻找，lookat看，lookup查阅，故选A。B解析：getreadyfor为固定搭配，意为“为……做准备”，故选B。A解析：lookforwardtodoingsth.为固定搭配，意为“期待做某事”，故选A。B解析：spendtimedoingsth.为固定搭配，意为“花费时间做某事”，故选B。A解析：payattentionto为固定搭配，意为“注意”，故选A。C解析：decidetodosth.为固定搭配，意为“决定做某事”，故选C。A解析：beafraidof为固定搭配，意为“害怕……”，故选A。A解析：dealwith为固定搭配，意为“处理”，故选A。A解析：beusedtodoing