中考英语高频短语及固定搭配

中考英语高频短语及固定搭配一、动词短语（中考核心：120组高频短语）1.高频动词+介词/副词（重点区分to/for/with搭配）动词短语搭配中文释义例句及易错点提醒looklookforwardto(doing)sth.期待做某事I’mlookingforwardto

visiting

Beijing.（to是介词，后接动名词！）lookfor寻找I’mlookingformylostkey.（强调“寻找”动作）lookafter照顾Shelooksafterhergrandmaeveryday.（=takecareof）lookup查阅；抬头看Lookupthewordinthedictionary.（查单词）taketakecareof照顾Shetakesgoodcareofherlittlebrother.（=lookafter）takepartin参加（活动）Wetookpartinthetree-plantingactivity.（=joinin）takeoff脱下；起飞Takeoffyourcoat;it’swarminside.（脱下外套）takeplace发生Thesportsmeetingwilltakeplacenextweek.（无被动语态）makemakeadecision做决定It’shardtomakeadecisionwithoutthinking.（后接todo：makeadecision

todo

sth.）makeprogress(in)在…取得进步HemadegreatprogressinEnglishthisterm.（progress不可数，不加a）makesure确保Makesurethedoorislockedbeforeleaving.makefriends(with)（与…）交朋友Shemadefriendswithherclassmatesquickly.getgetonwellwith与…相处融洽Shegetsonwellwithallherclassmates.（with后接人）getusedto(doing)sth.适应做某事I’vegotusedto

gettingup

early.（=beusedto，to是介词！）getup起床Hegetsupat6:30everymorning.getoff下车Getoffthebusatthenextstop.givegiveup放弃Hegaveupsmokinglastyear.（后接动名词）givein屈服，让步Don’tgiveintodifficulties.（接to+名词）giveaway赠送；泄露Shegaveawayheroldclothestocharity.setsetup建立；设立Theysetupanewschoolinthevillage.setoff出发；引爆Wesetofffortheairportatdawn.turnturnon打开（电器等）Turnonthelight,please.turnoff关闭（电器等）Don’tforgettoturnofftheTVwhenleaving.turnup调大（音量）；出现Canyouturnupthemusic?Ilikethissong.turndown调小（音量）；拒绝Turndowntheradio,please.Thebabyisecomeupwith想出（主意）Hecameupwithagoodplanfortheetrue实现Hisdreamofbecomingadoctorcameefrom来自Wheredoyoucomefrom?gogoon继续；发生Goonwithyourwork.goover复习；检查Let’sgooverthelessonsbeforetheexam.goout出去；熄灭Wewentoutfordinnerlastnight.gothrough经历；浏览Hewentthroughadifficulttimeaftertheaccident.putputon穿上；上演Putonyourcoat;it’scoldoutside.（强调动作）putoff推迟Themeetingwasputoffduetotherain.putaway收起；放好Putawayyourtoysbeforegoingtobed.putout扑灭；出版Firefightersputoutthefirequickly.callcallup打电话；征召I’llcallyouupassoonasIarrive.callfor要求；需要Thetaskcallsforpatienceandskill.callin召集；请来Theycalledinexpertstosolvetheproblem.cutcutdown砍倒；减少Don’tcutdowntreesarbitrarily.cutout剪下；删除Cutoutthearticleandkeepitinyournotebook.cutoff切断；中断Thestormcutofftheelectricity.fallfallasleep入睡Hefellasleepassoonashelaydown.fallinlove(with)爱上（某人/某物）Shefellinlovewiththecityatfirstsight.fallbehind落后Don’tfallbehindinyourstudies.hearhearfrom收到…的来信Ihearfrommypenpaleverymonth.hearof听说Haveyouheardofthefamousscientist?hearabout得知；听说关于…Iheardabouttheaccidentonthenews.2.易混动词短语（中考常考辨析）giveupvs.givein：ogiveup（放弃）：Hegaveupsmokinglastyear.（他去年戒烟了。）ogivein（屈服，让步）：Don’tgiveintodifficulties.（别向困难屈服。）putonvs.wearvs.dress：oputon（穿上，动作）：Putonyourcoat;it’scoldoutside.（穿上外套，外面冷。）owear（穿着，状态）：Shewearsareddresstoday.（她今天穿红裙子。）odress（给…穿衣服，后接人）：Momdressedmylittlesistereverymorning.（妈妈每天早上给妹妹穿衣服。）lookatvs.seevs.watch：olookat（看，强调动作）：Lookattheblackboard,please.（请看黑板。）osee（看见，强调结果）：Icanseeabirdinthetree.（我看见树上有只鸟。）owatch（观看，专注看）：Wewatchedafootballmatchlastnight.（昨晚我们看了一场足球赛。）arrivein/atvs.reachvs.getto：oarrivein（大地点）：arriveinBeijing（到北京）oarriveat（小地点）：arriveatthestation（到车站）oreach（直接接地点）：reachthecity（到达城市）ogetto（后接地点）：gettoschool（到学校）（注：gethome/here/there不加to）borrowvs.lendvs.keep：oborrow（借入，短暂性动词）：borrowabookfromsb.（向某人借书）olend（借出，短暂性动词）：lendsth.tosb.（把某物借给某人）okeep（保留，延续性动词）：keepthebookforaweek（借书一周）3.动词+宾语+宾补结构（必背5组）let/makesb.dosth.（让某人做某事）：Theteachermadeus

copy

thetext.（老师让我们抄课文。）see/hearsb.doingsth.（看见/听见某人正在做某事）：Iheardthem

singing

intheclassroom.（我听见他们在教室唱歌。）ask/tellsb.todosth.（要求/告诉某人做某事）：Myparentstoldme

tostudy

hardfortheexam.（父母让我为考试努力学习。）findsb.doingsth.（发现某人正在做某事）：Ifoundhim

reading

anovelinclass.（我发现他在课堂上看小说。）keepsb.doingsth.（让某人一直做某事）：Don’tkeepme

waiting

fortoolong.（别让我等太久。）4.其他高频动词短语动词短语搭配中文释义例句及易错点提醒comecomeback回来Hecamebackhomelateyesterday.breakbreakdown分解；出故障Thecarbrokedownontheway.carrycarryon继续CarryonworkingwhileI’maway.dealdealwith处理Howdoyoudealwithstress?dependdependon依赖；取决于Successdependsonhardwork.dividedivideinto分成Theclasswasdividedintofourgroups.fixfixup修理；安装Canyoufixupmybike?getgetridof摆脱；去除Iwanttogetridofthisoldphone.gogoahead前进；请便Goahead,I’mlistening.handhandin上交Handinyourhomeworkbeforeclass.holdholdon坚持；别挂断Holdon,I’llcheckthemessage.keepkeepon(doingsth.)继续（做某事）Keepontrying,andyou’llsucceed.knockknockat/on敲（门、窗等）Someoneisknockingatthedoor.laughlaughat嘲笑Don’tlaughatothers’mistakes.leadleadto导致；通向Smokingleadstomanydiseases.leaveleavebehind留下；遗忘Helefthiskeysbehindintheoffice.looklookthrough浏览；仔细查看Lookthroughthepaperbeforehandingitin.makemakeup组成；编造Fiveboysmakeuptheteam.passpassby经过Hepassedbymewithoutsayinghello.pickpickup捡起；接载；学会Pickupthepencilonthefloor.runrunout(of)用完；耗尽We’rerunningoutoftime.sendsendfor派人去请；订购Sendforadoctorquickly!showshowup出现；露面Hedidn’tshowupattheparty.taketakeaway拿走；带走Takeawaythedirtydishes.thinkthinkabout考虑Thinkabouttheplancarefully.turnturnover翻转；仔细考虑Turnoverthepageandreadthenextstory.waitwaitfor等待I’mwaitingforthebus.workworkout解决；算出Workoutthemathproblemstepbystep.二、介词短语（高频搭配）1.时间介词搭配（at/in/on高频考点）介词搭配时间例句及易错点at具体时刻、节日、年龄、时间点附近（如atdawn在黎明；atdusk在黄昏）、用餐时间（atbreakfast/lunch/dinner在早餐/午餐/晚餐时）at7:00a.m.,atChristmas,attheageof12，atnoon（在中午），atnight（在晚上，注意无冠词），atEaster（在复活节），atthemoment（此刻），atthattime（在那时），atfirst（起初），atlast（最后）in月份、季节、年份、上午/下午/晚上、较长时间段（如inaweek在一周内；inone'stwenties在某人二十多岁时）、表示一段时间之后（用于将来时，in+时间段）inMarch,inspring,in2023,intheafternoon，inthe21stcentury（在21世纪），inthefuture（在未来），inaminute（一会儿之后），inawhile（过一会儿），intime（及时），innotime（立刻，很快）on具体某天、星期、节日、具体某天的上午/下午/晚上（on+具体某天+morning/afternoon/evening）、特殊日子（onweekends在周末；onweekdays在工作日）onMonday,onMay1st,onTeachers’Day，onacoldwintermorning（在一个寒冷的冬天早晨），ontheeveningofJune1st（在6月1日晚上），onChristmasDay（在圣诞节当天），onNewYear'sEve（在新年前夕）2.地点介词搭配（in/on/at/to）介词核心用法典型例句/搭配in大地点/内部/范围/时段/穿着inBeijing,inthebox,inthecity,inredon表面接触/毗邻/具体时间/关于/进行中onthedesk,onSunday,onbusinessat小地点/具体场所/速度/价格atthebusstop,athome,atahighspeedto外部方向/距离/对比/程度totheeastofChina,gotoschool3.固定介词短语（中考必背）▌

目的与原因inorderto（为了）▶

后接动词原形，可句首/句中：Inordertopasstheexam,shestudieslate.becauseof（因为）▶

接名词/短语，不接句子：Hewaslatebecauseoftherain.thanksto（多亏）▶

强调正面原因：Thankstoyourhelp,Ifinishedontime.▌

位置与方位infrontof（外部前面）vs.

inthefrontof（内部前部）▶

Atreeisinfrontofthehouse.（外部）▶

Theteacherstandsinthefrontoftheclassroom.（内部）intheway（挡道）vs.

ontheway(to)（途中/即将）▶

Don’tstandintheway.▶

Imetafriendonthewaytoschool.▌

时间与范围attheendof（时间/地点末尾）▶

attheendofthismonth（时间）/

attheendofthestreet（地点）intheend（最后）▶

单独使用：Intheend,wefoundthedog.from...to...（从…到…）▶

fromMondaytoFriday

/

fromheadtotoe▌

其他高频短语insteadof（代替）▶

接名词/动名词：InsteadofTV,goforawalk.asfor（至于）▶

引出新话题：Asfortheplan,wehaven’tdecided.accordingto（根据）▶

Accordingtothereport,itwillrain.upto（多达/取决于）▶

Theboxholdsupto10kg.

/

It’suptoyou.三、形容词短语（60组核心搭配）1.be+形容词+介词（重点区分介词用法）形容词搭配介词中文释义例句及易错点提醒goodat/forbegoodat擅长begoodfor对…有好处Sheisgoodat

drawing.（擅长绘画，后接动名词）Vegetablesaregoodforyourhealth.（对健康有益）badat/forbebadat不擅长bebadfor对…有害Heisbadatmathbutworkshard.（不擅长数学）Smokingisbadforyourlungs.（有害肺部）interestedin对…感兴趣Heisinterestedin

reading

novels.（in后接动名词，≠interestedtodo）excitedabout对…感到兴奋Theyareexcitedaboutthecomingholiday.（about后接名词/动名词）afraidof/tobeafraidof(doing)sth.害怕beafraidtodosth.不敢做Sheisafraidof

snakes.（害怕蛇）Heisafraidto

speak

inpublic.（不敢当众讲话）proudof为…骄傲Parentsareproudoftheirchildren’ssuccess.（=takepridein）sorryfor为…抱歉I’msorryforbeinglateagain.（后接动名词或名词）thankfulto/forbethankfulto感谢（人）bethankfulfor感谢（事）Weshouldbethankfultoourteachers

for

theirhardwork.（介词搭配别混淆）busywith/doing忙于…Sheisbusy

with

herhomework.=Sheisbusy

doing

herhomework.（两种搭配均可）angrywith/atbeangrywithsb.对某人生气beangryatsth.对某事生气Don’tbeangrywithhim—hedidn’tmeanit.（with后接人，at后接事）strictwith/inbestrictwithsb.对某人严格bestrictinsth.对某事严格Theteacherisstrictwithus

in

ourstudies.（双介词搭配需牢记）familiarwith/tobefamiliarwith熟悉（事物）befamiliarto为…所熟悉I’mfamiliarwiththissong.（我熟悉这首歌）Thissongisfamiliartome.（这首歌我熟悉）readyfor/todobereadyfor为…准备好bereadytodo准备好做Areyoureadyfortheexam?Heisreadytohelpothers.（后接名词或不定式）latefor迟到Don’tbelateforschool.（≠latetodo）fullof充满Theboxisfullofbooks.（=befilledwith，注意区别fill的动词用法）2.情感与态度类形容词短语besurprisedat（对…感到惊讶）：Weweresurprisedatthenews.（我们对这个消息感到惊讶。）beworriedabout（担心…）：Sheisworriedaboutherson’ssafety.（她担心儿子的安全。）bedisappointedin/with（对…失望）：Hewasdisappointedwithhisexamresults.（他对考试成绩感到失望。）besatisfiedwith（对…满意）：Theteacherissatisfiedwithourprogress.（老师对我们的进步满意。）benervousabout（对…紧张）：Areyounervousabouttheinterview?（你对面试紧张吗？）becrazyabout（对…痴迷）：Heiscrazyaboutfootball.（他对足球痴迷。）beboredwith（对…厌倦）：I’mboredwithdoingthesameworkeveryday.（我对每天做同样的工作感到厌倦。）3.能力与状态类形容词短语beabletodosth.（能够做某事）：Sheisabletospeakthreelanguages.（她能说三种语言。）（≠can，有更多时态变化）begoodwith（善于应付…的；与…相处好）：Heisgoodwithchildren.（他善于和孩子相处。）beweakin（在…薄弱）：I’mweakinphysicsandneedmorepractice.（我物理薄弱，需要多练习。）bestrongin（在…擅长）：Sheisstronginwritingandoftenwinsprizes.（她擅长写作，经常获奖。）befitfor（适合…）：Thisjobisfitforsomeonewithexperience.（这份工作适合有经验的人。）beresponsiblefor（对…负责）：Whoisresponsiblefortheproject?（谁对这个项目负责？）besuitablefor（适合…的）：Theclimatehereissuitableforliving.（这里的气候适合居住。）4.易混形容词短语对比短语含义及例句易错点对比beusedtodoing习惯于做某事：I’musedto

gettingup

early.（我习惯早起。）to是介词，后接动名词，≠usedtodo（过去常常做）beusedtodo被用来做某事：Knivesareusedto

cut

things.（刀被用来切东西。）被动语态，to是不定式符号，后接动词原形bemadeof由…制成（看得出原材料）：Thedeskismadeofwood.（桌子由木头制成。）物理变化，≠bemadefrom（看不出原材料，如Paperismadefromwood.）bemadein在…制造：ThiscarismadeinChina.（这辆车在中国制造。）强调产地befamousfor因…闻名：Zhejiangisfamousfortea.（浙江因茶叶闻名。）后接闻名的原因，≠befamousas（作为…闻名，如Heisfamousasawriter.）bedifferentfrom与…不同：Myopinionisdifferentfromyours.（我的观点和你的不同。）后接比较对象，注意介词用from5.其他高频形容词短语bebornin/on（出生于）：HewasborninBeijing

on

May1st,2005.（出生地点用in，具体日期用on）becoveredwith（被…覆盖）：Thegroundwascoveredwithsnow.（地面被雪覆盖。）befilledwith（充满…）：Herheartisfilledwithjoy.（她心中充满喜悦。=befullof）beinterestedin（对…感兴趣）：Theboyisinterestedinscience.（男孩对科学感兴趣。）bemarriedto（与…结婚）：Shehasbeenmarriedtohimfortenyears.（她和他结婚十年了。≠marrywith）beafraidof（害怕…）：Manypeopleareafraidofspiders.（许多人害怕蜘蛛。）becarefulwith（小心…）：Becarefulwiththeglass—it’sfragile.（小心玻璃，它很易碎。）beharmfulto（对…有害）：Pollutionisharmfultotheenvironment.（污染对环境有害。）behelpfulto（对…有帮助）：Readingishelpfultoimprovingyourvocabulary.（阅读有助于扩大词汇量。）四、易错固定搭配（60组学生常错点）1.后接动名词（-ing）的短语（20组）短语搭配中文释义例句及易错点提醒enjoydoingsth.喜欢做某事Ienjoy

listening

tomusicinmyfreetime.（√enjoytolisten×）practisedoingsth.练习做某事Shepractises

playing

thepianoeveryday.（practice美式写法可加s）minddoingsth.介意做某事Doyoumind

opening

thewindow?（√不能说mindtoopen）can’thelpdoingsth.忍不住做某事WhenIheardthejoke,Icouldn’thelp

laughing.（≠can’thelptodo无法帮助做）finishdoingsth.完成做某事Hefinished

reading

thebookyesterday.suggestdoingsth.建议做某事Isuggest

going

forawalkafterdinner.considerdoingsth.考虑做某事Weareconsidering

moving

toanewcity.keep(on)doingsth.继续/坚持做某事Keep

trying,andyou’llsucceed.avoiddoingsth.避免做某事Avoid

making

thesamemistakeagain.missdoingsth.错过做某事Hemissed

catching

theearlybus.imaginedoingsth.想象做某事Canyouimagine

living

onthemoon?riskdoingsth.冒险做某事Don’trisk

driving

afterdrinking.admitdoingsth.承认做某事Headmitted

stealing

themoney.preventsb.(from)doingsth.阻止某人做某事Therainpreventedus(from)

going

hiking.spend...(in)doingsth.花费…做某事Shespendstwohours(in)

doing

homeworkeveryday.（in可省略）havefun(in)doingsth.做某事有乐趣Wehadfun(in)

playing

gamesattheparty.feellikedoingsth.想要做某事Ifeellike

eating

pizzatonight.beworthdoingsth.值得做某事Themovieisworth

watching

twice.giveupdoingsth.放弃做某事Nevergiveup

trying

evenifyoufail.lookforwardtodoingsth.期待做某事I’mlookingforwardto

yourreply.（√接名词/动名词，≠lookforwardtodo×）2.后接不定式（todo）的短语（20组）短语搭配中文释义例句及易错点提醒wanttodosth.想要做某事Iwant

tobe

ateacherwhenIgrowup.hopetodosth.希望做某事Wehope

tovisit

theGreatWallthissummer.decidetodosth.决定做某事Hedecided

tostudy

abroadafterhighschool.plantodosth.计划做某事Theyplan

totravel

toEuropenextyear.affordtodosth.负担得起做某事Wecan’tafford

tobuy

anewcarnow.agreetodosth.同意做某事Sheagreed

tohelp

mewithmath.learntodosth.学习做某事Heislearning

toplay

theguitar.offertodosth.主动提出做某事Theyoffered

toclean

theclassroom.refusetodosth.拒绝做某事Sherefused

toaccept

thegift.managetodosth.设法做成某事Wemanaged

tofinish

theworkontime.pretendtodosth.假装做某事Hepretended

tobe

asleepwhenhismomcamemisetodosth.承诺做某事Ipromise

toreturn

thebooknextweek.failtodosth.未能做某事Hefailed

tocatch

theball.seemtodosth.似乎做某事Itseems

torain.happentodosth.碰巧做某事Ihappened

tomeet

anoldfriendyesterday.wouldliketodosth.想要做某事Wouldyoulike

tohave

acupofcoffee?usedtodosth.过去常常做某事Heused

toplay

footballeveryweekend.（≠beusedtodoing习惯做）besupposedtodosth.应该做某事Youaresupposed

towear

aseatbelt.it’stimetodosth.该做某事了It’stime

togotobed.Don’tstayuplate.too...todosth.太…而不能做某事Theboxistooheavy

tocarry.3.既可接动名词又可接不定式（意义不同）（10组）短语搭配接动名词（已做）接不定式（未做）例句对比rememberdoingsth.记得做过某事remembertodosth.记得去做某事Iremember

turningoff

thelight.（已关灯）Remember

toturnoff

thelight.（未关灯）forgetdoingsth.忘记做过某事forgettodosth.忘记去做某事Heforgot

locking

thedoor.（已锁门，但忘记）Don’tforget

tolock

thedoor.（未锁门）regretdoingsth.后悔做过某事regrettodosth.遗憾去做某事Iregret

shouting

ather.（后悔吵架）Iregret

toinform

youthatyou