2026年英文阅读理解高级能力自测题目

2026年英文阅读理解高级能力自测题目Part1:PassageComprehension(文章理解)共5题，每题3分，总分15分Passage1Therapidadvancementofartificialintelligence(AI)hastransformedtheglobaljobmarket,particularlyinthetechsector.Accordingtoa2025reportbytheInternationalLaborOrganization,AI-drivenautomationcoulddisplaceupto20millionjobsworldwideby2030,thoughitwillalsocreatenewopportunitiesinfieldslikedatascienceandmachinelearning.CompaniesareincreasinglyinvestinginAIsolutionstoimproveefficiency,butthisshifthasraisedconcernsaboutworkforceredundancyandtheneedforreskilling.GovernmentsandeducationalinstitutionsarenowpressuredtoadaptcurriculatomeetthedemandsofanAI-dominatedeconomy.ThedebateoverwhetherAIwillultimatelybenefitorharmemploymentremainsunresolved,butonethingiscertain:thefutureofworkwillbeshapedbytechnologicalinnovation.Questions:1.WhatistheprimaryconcernmentionedregardingAI-drivenautomation?2.Accordingtothepassage,whichsectorsarelikelytobemostaffectedbyAI?3.WhatactionsarebeingtakenbygovernmentsandeducationalinstitutionsinresponsetoAIadvancements?4.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestaboutthefutureofemployment?5.Identifythekeycontradictioninthepassage.Passage2Climatechangehasacceleratedinthe21stcentury,withextremeweathereventsbecomingmorefrequentandsevere.A2024studybytheUnitedNationsEnvironmentProgram(UNEP)revealedthatglobaltemperatureshaverisenby1.2°Csincepre-industrialtimes,surpassingthe1.5°Cthresholdrecommendedbyscientiststoavoidcatastrophicconsequences.CoastalcitieslikeMiamiandShanghaiarefacingincreasedflooding,whiledroughtsaredevastatingagriculturalregionsinAfricaandAustralia.Renewableenergyadoptionhasslowedduetogeopoliticaltensionsandsupplychaindisruptions,despitepromisesmadeattheCOP28conference.Environmentalactivistsarguethatimmediate,drasticmeasuresareneeded,buteconomicinterestsoftenhindersuchefforts.Theurgencyofthesituationcannotbeoverstated,asthewindowtomitigateclimatechangeisnarrowing.Questions:1.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestaboutthecurrentstateofglobalclimateefforts?2.Nametworegionsmentionedthatareparticularlyvulnerabletoclimatechange.3.AccordingtotheUNEPstudy,whatistherecommendedlimitforglobaltemperaturerise?4.Whatobstacleispreventingfasteradoptionofrenewableenergy?5.Whatisthemaintensiondescribedbetweenactivistsandpolicymakers?Part2:CriticalAnalysis(批判性分析)共4题，每题4分，总分16分Passage3Theriseofsocialmediahasrevolutionizedhowpeopleconsumenews,butithasalsocreatedchallengesformediacredibility.MisinformationspreadsrapidlyonplatformslikeTwitterandFacebook,oftenamplifiedbyalgorithmsdesignedtomaximizeengagementratherthanaccuracy.A2025reportbythePewResearchCenterfoundthat63%ofAmericansnowdistrusttraditionalnewsoutlets,citingbiasandcorporateinfluenceasprimaryreasons.Meanwhile,independentjournalistsstruggletocompetewiththescaleofsocialmediagiants,whosebusinessmodelsrelyonadrevenueanduserdata.Thelinebetweenjournalismandentertainmenthasblurred,withsensationalistcontentoftenovershadowingin-depthreporting.Someexpertsarguethattheonlysolutionisstricterregulation,whileothersadvocatefordigitalliteracyprogramstohelpconsumersdiscerncrediblesources.Questions:1.Whatisthemainproblemwithmisinformationonsocialmedia?2.AccordingtothePewResearchCenter,whatfactorscontributetodistrustintraditionalnews?3.Howaresocialmediacompaniesprofitingfromthenewsindustry?4.Describethetwoproposedsolutionstothecredibilitycrisisinmedia.Passage4Theglobalpharmaceuticalindustryisfacingareckoningaspatentcliffsapproach,leavingmajordrugmakerswithfewerblockbusterdrugsintheirpipelines.Whilegenericcompetitionhasloweredpricesformanyessentialmedicines,ithasalsoreducedinnovationincertaintherapeuticareas.A2024analysisbytheBostonConsultingGroup(BCG)notedthatonly5%ofnewdrugsapprovedinthepastdecadeachievedblockbusterstatus,downfrom20%inthe1990s.Governmentsarenowpressuringcompaniestoinvestmoreinresearch,buthighR&Dcostsandregulatoryhurdlesdiscouragerisk-taking.Someemergingmarkets,likeIndiaandChina,areemergingashubsforpharmaceuticalinnovation,challengingthedominanceofWesternfirms.Thefutureofmedicinemaydependonwhetherthesetensionscanbebalanced.Questions:1.Whatisa"patentcliff"inthepharmaceuticalindustry?2.AccordingtotheBCGanalysis,howhasthesuccessrateofnewdrugschangedovertime?3.Whatarethetwomainchallengesfacingpharmaceuticalcompaniestoday?4.Howmighttheriseofemergingmarketsaffectglobaldrugdevelopment?Part3:Synthesis&Evaluation(综合与评价)共3题，每题5分，总分15分Passage5TheCOVID-19pandemicexposedsystemicweaknessesinglobalhealthcaresystems,promptingareevaluationofpublichealthinfrastructure.Manycountriesdiscoveredthattheirhospitalswereill-equippedtohandlemasscasualties,whiletestingandvaccinationeffortswerehamperedbylogisticalfailures.A2025WorldHealthOrganization(WHO)reportemphasizedtheneedforbetterpandemicpreparedness,includingstockpilingmedicalsuppliesandimprovingsurveillancenetworks.However,fundingdisparitiesbetweenwealthyanddevelopingnationshavestalledprogress,withpoorercountriesstrugglingtoaccessvaccinesandtreatments.Meanwhile,mentalhealthserviceswereoverwhelmedaslockdownsandeconomicdownturnstooktheirtoll.Thepandemicunderscoredtheinterconnectednessofglobalhealthbutalsorevealeddeep-seatedinequalities.Questions:1.Whatwerethemainshortcomingsofhealthcaresystemsduringthepandemic?2.AccordingtotheWHOreport,whatstepsarerecommendedtoimprovepandemicpreparedness?3.Whyaredevelopingcountriesstillstrugglingwithvaccinedistribution?4.Describethedualimpactofthepandemiconhealthcaresystems.5.Whatbroaderlessondidthepandemicrevealaboutglobalcooperation?Passage6Theelectricvehicle(EV)marketisexpandingrapidly,butitsgrowthisconstrainedbybatteryproductionandcharginginfrastructure.A2024reportbytheInternationalEnergyAgency(IEA)projectedthatglobalbatterydemandcouldquadrupleby2030,raisingquestionsaboutrawmaterialsupplychains.Lithiumandcobalt,keycomponentsinEVbatteries,areprimarilysourcedfromregionslikeChile,Australia,andtheDemocraticRepublicofCongo,whereenvironmentalandlaborconcernspersist.Meanwhile,therolloutofchargingstationshasbeenuneven,withruralareaslaggingbehindurbancenters.GovernmentsareofferingsubsidiestoencourageEVadoption,butsomecriticsarguethatthesepoliciesdisproportionatelybenefitwealthierconsumers.Thetransitiontoelectricmobilityisinevitable,butitssustainabilityremainsuncertain.Questions:1.WhatistheprimarybottlenecklimitingEVgrowth?2.Nametworegionsthatarecriticaltoglobalbatteryproduction.3.Whatarethemainenvironmentalandlaborissuesassociatedwithbatterymining?4.HowmightgovernmentsubsidiesaffecttheEVmarket?5.Whatisthecentralquestionaboutthelong-termviabilityofelectricmobility?答案与解析Part1:PassageComprehensionPassage11.Workforceredundancy(失去工作岗位).2.Techsector(科技行业).3.Adaptingcurricula(调整课程).4.Willbeshapedbytechnologicalinnovation(将被技术革新塑造).5.AImaybenefitemployment(AI可能有利于就业)vs.concernsaboutredundancy(对冗余的担忧).Passage21.Globaleffortsareinsufficient(全球努力不足).2.MiamiandShanghai(迈阿密和上海).3.1.5°C(1.5摄氏度).4.Geopoliticaltensionsandsupplychaindisruptions(地缘政治紧张和供应链中断).5.Economicinterestshinderenvironmentalmeasures(经济利益阻碍环保措施).Part2:CriticalAnalysisPassage31.Misinformationspreadsrapidlyduetoalgorithmsprioritizingengagement(算法优先考虑互动导致错误信息快速传播).2.Biasandcorporateinfluence(偏见和企业影响).3.Adrevenueanduserdata(广告收入和用户数据).4.Stricterregulationanddigitalliteracyprograms(更严格的监管和数字素养计划).Passage41.Patentcliffsareperiodswhenmajordrugpatentsexpire,reducingrevenue(专利悬崖是指主要药