2026年经济学专业英语阅读理解与实践题目

2026年经济学专业英语阅读理解与实践题目Part1:MultipleChoiceQuestions(MCQs)TotalQuestions:5|TotalScore:10pointsInstructions:Choosethebestanswer(A,B,C,orD)foreachquestionbasedonthepassageprovided.Passage1:TheFutureofGlobalSupplyChainsinanEraofGeopoliticalTensionThepastdecadehasseenasignificantshiftinglobalsupplychaindynamics,drivenbygeopoliticaltensions,tradewars,andtheCOVID-19pandemic.Companiesareincreasinglyadoptingregionalizedornearshoringstrategiestomitigaterisksassociatedwithlong-distancelogistics.ArecentreportbytheWorldEconomicForumhighlightsthat65%ofmultinationalcorporationsarereevaluatingtheirsupplychainmodelstoreducedependenceonsinglecountries.Forinstance,Japan’selectronicsgiantslikeSonyandPanasonichaveshiftedaportionoftheirmanufacturingfromChinatoVietnamandIndiatodiversifytheirproductionbases.However,nearshoringpresentsitsownchallenges,suchashigherlaborcostsindevelopedeconomiesandinfrastructuralbottlenecksindevelopingregions.Despitethesehurdles,expertspredictthatthetrendtowardregionalizationwillcontinue,reshapingglobaltradepatternsinthecomingyears.Questions:1.Whatistheprimarydriverbehindtheshifttowardregionalizedsupplychains?A)Technologicaladvancementsinautomation.B)Geopoliticaltensionsandtradedisputes.C)Asurgeinconsumerdemandforsustainableproducts.D)Thedepletionofnaturalresourcesinkeymanufacturinghubs.(Score:2points)2.Accordingtothereport,whatproportionofmultinationalcorporationsarereevaluatingtheirsupplychains?A)40%B)55%C)65%D)75%(Score:2points)3.WhichcountryhasbeencitedasapotentialalternativemanufacturinghubforJapaneseelectronicsfirms?A)SouthKoreaB)VietnamC)BrazilD)Germany(Score:2points)4.Whatarethemainchallengesassociatedwithnearshoring?A)Reducedefficiencyduetoshortersupplylines.B)Higherlaborcostsandinfrastructurallimitations.C)Increasedtariffsonimportedgoods.D)Alackofskilledworkersinregionalmarkets.(Score:2points)5.Whatistheexpectedlong-termimpactofregionalizationonglobaltrade?A)Adeclineininternationaltradevolume.B)Ashifttowardmorediversifiedsupplynetworks.C)IncreasedrelianceonChinaastheprimarymanufacturinghub.D)Asurgeincross-bordere-commerceactivities.(Score:2points)Part2:True/FalseQuestionsTotalQuestions:5|TotalScore:10pointsInstructions:DeterminewhethereachstatementisTRUEorFALSEbasedonthepassageprovided.Passage2:TheRoleofArtificialIntelligenceinFinancialMarketsArtificialintelligence(AI)hasbecomeincreasinglyinfluentialinthefinancialsector,transformingeverythingfromalgorithmictradingtoriskmanagement.Hedgefundsandinvestmentbanksareleveragingmachinelearningalgorithmstopredictmarkettrendswithgreateraccuracy.AstudybytheFinancialStabilityBoard(FSB)revealsthatAI-driventradingaccountsforapproximately30%ofdailyequitytradingvolumeinmajormarkets.However,criticsarguethatthegrowingrelianceonAImayleadtosystemicrisks,suchasalgorithmicflashcrashes.RegulatorybodiesliketheU.S.SecuritiesandExchangeCommission(SEC)areintroducingstricterguidelinestoensuretheethicaluseofAIinfinance.Despitetheseconcerns,theadoptionofAIinbankingisexpectedtoaccelerate,particularlyinareaslikefrauddetectionandpersonalizedcustomerservice.Questions:1.Accordingtothepassage,whatpercentageofdailyequitytradingvolumeisdrivenbyAI-driventrading?A)20%B)30%C)40%D)50%(Score:2points)2.IsthereconsensusamongfinancialinstitutionsregardingthebenefitsofAI?A)Yes,allinstitutionsagreethatAIreducesoperationalcosts.B)No,somecriticsargueaboutpotentialsystemicrisks.C)Partially,largerbankssupportAIwhilesmalleronesremainskeptical.D)Thebenefitsarestillunderdebateinacademiccircles.(Score:2points)3.WhichregulatorybodyismentionedasimplementingstricterguidelinesforAIinfinance?A)TheEuropeanCentralBank(ECB)B)TheBankofEnglandC)TheU.S.SecuritiesandExchangeCommission(SEC)D)TheInternationalMonetaryFund(IMF)(Score:2points)4.WhataretheprimaryconcernsaboutAIinthefinancialsector?A)Itreducesjobopportunitiesforhumantraders.B)Itmayleadtounregulatedmarketvolatility.C)Itincreasescompliancecostsforbanks.D)Itfailstodetectfraudulentactivitieseffectively.(Score:2points)5.IstheadoptionofAIinbankingexpectedtoslowdowninthefuture?A)Yes,duetoregulatorychallenges.B)No,itisprojectedtoaccelerate.C)Itdependsontechnologicaladvancements.D)Itwillstabilizeatcurrentlevels.(Score:2points)Part3:Gap-FillingExerciseTotalQuestions:5|TotalScore:10pointsInstructions:Fillineachblankwithoneappropriatewordorphrasefromtheprovidedlist.Donotuseoutsideresources.ListofWords:1)inflation2)derivatives3)liquidity4)sovereigndebt5)monetarypolicy6)deflation7)fiscalpolicy8)recessions9)stagflation10)quantitativeeasingPassage3:TheChallengesofModernMacroeconomicsTheglobaleconomyhasfacednumerouschallengesinrecentyears,includingrising(1),persistent(2)inemergingmarkets,andtheaftermathofmultiple(3).Centralbanksworldwidehaveadjustedtheir(4)tocombattheseissues,withsomeresortingto(5)toinjectliquidityintofinancialsystems.However,traditionaleconomictoolshaveproveninsufficientinaddressingcomplexproblemslike(6),whereinflationandunemploymentcoexist.Policymakersarenowexploringinnovativeapproaches,suchasgreenfinanceanddigitalcurrencies,tostabilizeeconomies.Meanwhile,theburdenof(7)hasmounted,forcingcountriestoseeksustainablesolutionswithouttriggeringbroaderfinancialcrises.Questions:1.Despiteeffortstocontrol(1),someeconomiescontinuetoexperiencehighpricelevels.2.TheAsianFinancialCrisisof1997exposedvulnerabilitiesinthe(2)ofdevelopingnations.3.(3)haveledtojoblossesandreducedeconomicactivityinseveralcountries.4.Centralbanksuse(4)toinfluenceinterestratesandmanageeconomicgrowth.5.(5)hasbeenacontroversialtoolforstimulatingeconomicrecovery.6.(6)isauniqueeconomicphenomenonwhereinflationandhighunemploymentpersistsimultaneously.7.Manycountriesarestrugglingwithhighlevelsof(7),whichthreatenfiscalstability.(Score:2pointseach)Part4:ShortAnswerQuestionsTotalQuestions:3|TotalScore:15pointsInstructions:Answereachquestionin2-3sentences.Focusonclarityandconciseness.Passage4:TheImpactofClimateChangeonAgriculturalProductivityClimatechangeisreshapingagriculturalproductivityacrosstheglobe,withextremeweathereventslikedroughtsandfloodsdisruptingcropyields.AreportbytheUnitedNationsFoodandAgricultureOrganization(FAO)indicatesthatsmallholderfarmersinSub-SaharanAfricaareamongthemostvulnerable,astheylacktheresourcestoadapttoshiftingclimatepatterns.Incontrast,advancedeconomiesareinvestinginclimate-resilientcropsandprecisionfarmingtechnologies.However,thetransitiontosustainableagricultureisslow,partlyduetohighcostsandresistancefromtraditionalfarmingcommunities.Policymakersarecallingforincreasedinternationalcooperationtosupportsmall-scalefarmers,whocontributesignificantlytoglobalfoodsecurity.Questions:1.Howdoesclimatechangeaffectagriculturalproductivityindevelopingregions?(Score:5points)2.Whataresomeadaptivemeasuresbeingimplementedindevelopedcountriestomitigatetheimpactofclimatechangeonagriculture?(Score:5points)3.Whatchallengeshinderthewidespreadadoptionofsustainablefarmingpractices?(Score:5points)Part5:EssayQuestionTotalQuestion:1|TotalScore:25pointsInstructions:Writeashortessay(200-250words)onthegiventopic.Topic:DiscusstheeconomicimplicationsoftheGreatResignationandhowgovernmentscanaddresslaborshortagesinthepost-pandemicera.(Score:25points)AnswerKeyandExplanationsPart1:MultipleChoiceQuestions1.B)Geopoliticaltensionsandtradedisputes.Explanation:Thepassageexplicitlystatesthatgeopoliticaltensionsandtradewarsaretheprimarydriversofregionalizationinsupplychains.2.C)65%.Explanation:Thereportmentionsthat65%ofmultinationalcorporationsarereevaluatingtheirsupplychains.3.B)Vietnam.Explanation:ThepassagecitesVietnamasanalternativemanufacturinghubforJapaneseelectronicsfirms.4.B)Higherlaborcostsandinfrastructurallimitations.Explanation:Thetexthighlightsthatnearshoringfaceschallengessuchashigherlaborcostsandinfrastructuralbottlenecks.5.B)Ashifttowardmorediversifiedsupplynetworks.Explanation:Expertspredictthatregionalizationwillreshapeglobaltradebycreatingmorediversifiedsupplychains.Part2:True/FalseQuestions1.B)30%.Explanation:ThepassagestatesthatAI-driventradingaccountsfor30%ofdailyequitytradingvolume.2.B)No,somecriticsargueaboutpotentialsystemicrisks.Explanation:ThepassagementionsthatcriticsareconcernedabouttherisksofoverrelianceonAI.3.C)TheU.S.SecuritiesandExchangeCommission(SEC).Explanation:TheSECisidentifiedastheregulatorybodyintroducingstricterguidelinesforAIinfinance.4.B)Itmayleadtounregulatedmarketvolatility.Explanation:ThepassagenotesthatAIcouldcausesystemicrisks,suchasflashcrashes.5.B)No,itisprojectedtoaccelerate.Explanation:ThepassageanticipatesthattheadoptionofAIinbankingwillcontinuetogrow.Part3:Gap-FillingExercise1.inflation2.liquidity3.recessions4.monetarypolicy5.quantitativeeasing6.stagflation7.sovereigndebtPart4:ShortAnswerQuestions1.Climatechangedisruptscropyieldsindevelopingregionsbycausingextremeweathereventslikedroughtsandfloods,whichsmallholderfarmerslacktheresourcestowithstand,leadingtoreducedproductivityandfoodinsecurity.2.Developedcountriesareinvestinginclimate-resilientcrops,precisionfarmingtechnologies,andadvancedirrigationsystemstoenhanceagriculturalproductivitywhile