2026年托福阅读全文理解及解题技巧练习

2026年托福阅读全文理解及解题技巧练习题型一：细节题（共5题，每题1分）要求：根据文章内容，选择与问题最匹配的选项。题目1（1分）：阅读以下段落："ClimatechangehassignificantlyalteredthemigratorypatternsofArcticbirds.ResearchersfromtheUniversityofOslonotedthattheshorteningofwintericeperiodsforcesspeciesliketheSnowyOwltoadjusttheirbreedinggrounds.Unlikepreviousdecades,thesebirdsnowtendtonestinsouthernSiberiaratherthanthetraditionalArcticregions.Thisshiftispartlyduetothescarcityofprey,assmallerfishandseals,theirprimaryfoodsources,areretreatingnorthwardwiththeice."问题：根据文章，SnowyOwls现在更倾向于在哪里筑巢？A)北极地区B)西伯利亚南部C)大学研究基地D)预测中的未来地区题目2（1分）：阅读以下段落："TheGreatBarrierReefexperiencedaseverebleachingeventin2016,largelyattributedtoelevatedwatertemperatures.ScientistsatJamesCookUniversityreportedthatover90%ofthereef'scoralsdiedduringthatperiod.However,recentstudiesindicatethatsomeresilientspecies,suchasAcroporatenuis,haveshownsignsofrecovery.Thisresilienceispartlyduetotheirabilitytotoleratehighertemperatures,thoughtheoverallrecoveryremainsuncertain."问题：2016年大堡礁白化事件的主要原因是什么？A)海水盐度增加B)气温升高C)洋流变化D)渔业过度捕捞题目3（1分）：阅读以下段落："Japaneseresearchershavedevelopedanewtypeofsolarpanelthatcangenerateelectricityevenundercloudyconditions.Unlikeconventionalpanels,whichrelyheavilyondirectsunlight,thisinnovationusesathinfilmofperovskitetocapturediffuselight.InitialtestsinTokyoshoweda30%increaseinefficiencycomparedtotraditionalsolarcells.Thetechnologyisexpectedtorevolutionizerenewableenergyinregionswithfrequentovercastweather."问题：这项新型太阳能电池的关键优势是什么？A)体积更小B)成本更低C)适应阴天D)长期耐用性题目4（1分）：阅读以下段落："TheAmazonrainforestisfacingunprecedenteddeforestationduetoagriculturalexpansion.A2023reportbytheBrazilianInstituteofEnvironmentandRenewableNaturalResources(IBAMA)revealedthat10,000squarekilometersofforestwereclearedinthepastyearalone.Indigenouscommunitieshavewarnedthatthisdestructionnotonlyreducesbiodiversitybutalsodisruptstheglobalclimatesystem,astheAmazonplaysacriticalroleincarbonsequestration."问题：根据文章，巴西森林砍伐的主要原因是什么？A)采矿活动B)城市扩张C)农业发展D)自然灾害题目5（1分）：阅读以下段落："TheMediterraneandiethasbeenlinkedtonumeroushealthbenefits,includingreducedriskofheartdisease.AlongitudinalstudybytheUniversityofBarcelonatracked22,000participantsover10yearsandfoundthatthosewhoadheredmostcloselytothediethada25%lowermortalityrate.Keycomponentsincludeoliveoil,wholegrains,andmoderatefishconsumption,allofwhichcontributetoimprovedcardiovascularhealth."问题：地中海饮食被证明能显著降低哪种健康风险？A)癌症B)糖尿病C)心脏病D)呼吸系统疾病题型二：推理题（共4题，每题2分）要求：根据文章内容，推断作者的隐含意图或结论。题目6（2分）：阅读以下段落："Microplasticpollutionhasbeendetectedinthedeepestpartsoftheocean,includingtheMarianaTrench.SamplescollectedbyresearchersfromtheWoodsHoleOceanographicInstitutionrevealedmicrobeadsandfibersinsedimentsover10,000metersdeep.Whiletheexactsourceremainsdebated,thestudysuggeststhatoceancurrentsmaytransportplasticsfromsurfacewaterstotheseremotelocations.Thisfindingraisesconcernsabouttheglobalextentofpollution."问题：作者提及微塑料出现在马里亚纳海沟，最可能想表达什么？A)微塑料污染仅限于浅海区域B)海洋环流对污染扩散有重要作用C)深海生态系统已完全受污染D)人类活动对海洋的影响无处不在题目7（2分）：阅读以下段落："Artificialintelligenceinhealthcarehasimproveddiagnosticaccuracybutalsoraisedethicalquestions.A2024reportbytheWorldHealthOrganization(WHO)notedthatAIsystemsmayperpetuatebiasesiftrainedonunrepresentativedata.Forexample,astudyfoundthatcertainAItoolsperformedworseindiagnosingskincancerindarkerskintonesduetoinsufficienttrainingdata.Thishighlightstheneedformoreinclusivedatasetsandstricteroversight."问题：文中提到AI在医疗诊断中的偏见问题，作者最可能想强调什么？A)AI技术已完全不可靠B)数据多样性对AI性能至关重要C)医疗AI应完全取代人类医生D)政府需立即禁止AI医疗应用题目8（2分）：阅读以下段落："Theriseofe-commercehasdisruptedtraditionalretailmodels.A2023analysisbyMcKinsey&Companyfoundthat60%ofconsumersnowpreferonlineshoppingoverbrick-and-mortarstores.Thisshifthasforcedretailerstoadapt,withmanyinvestingindigitalplatformsandlogisticsoptimization.However,smallbusinesseswithoutsufficientcapitalremainatadisadvantage,aslargecorporationscanleverageeconomiesofscale."问题：作者指出大型企业比小企业更具优势，最可能暗示什么？A)短期内小企业将完全退出市场B)数字化转型对小企业至关重要C)政府应补贴小企业以对抗大公司D)传统零售模式将彻底消失题目9（2分）：阅读以下段落："Renewableenergyadoptionhasacceleratedinrecentyears,butchallengesremain.A2024reportbytheInternationalEnergyAgency(IEA)notedthatintermittencyissues,suchassolarpower'sdependenceonweather,hindergridstability.Solutionslikeenergystorageandsmartgridsarebeingexplored,buttheirimplementationrequiressignificantinvestment.Withoutthesemeasures,renewableenergymaystruggletomeetglobaldemand."问题：文中提到可再生能源面临的“间歇性问题”，作者最可能暗示什么？A)太阳能是唯一不可靠的能源B)技术进步是解决问题的关键C)政府应放弃可再生能源目标D)能源转型将导致更大混乱题型三：词汇题（共5题，每题1分）要求：根据上下文，选择最合适的词汇填空。题目10（1分）：阅读以下段落："Theextinctionofmegafauna,suchaswoollymammoths,hadaprofound______onecosystems.AstudybytheUniversityofOxfordfoundthattheirremovaldisruptednutrientcyclesandalteredvegetationpatterns.This______highlightstheinterconnectednessofspeciesandthepotentialconsequencesofhabitatloss."A)impact/observationB)influence/discoveryC)effect/realizationD)role/assumption题目11（1分）：阅读以下段落："Urbansprawlhas______numerouschallenges,includingtrafficcongestionandincreasedpollution.A2023reportbytheUrbanPlanningInstituteofAmerica(UPIA)recommendedgreeninfrastructure,suchasparksandgreenways,tomitigatetheseissues.Such______notonlyimproveairqualitybutalsoenhanceresidents'qualityoflife."A)presented/solutionsB)created/barriersC)exacerbated/obstaclesD)addressed/opportunities题目12（1分）：阅读以下段落："Thediscoveryofantibioticsrevolutionizedmedicine,butantibiotic-resistantbacteriahaveemergedasa______threat.ResearchersattheCDCwarnedthatimproperantibioticusehasacceleratedtheevolutionofthesestrains.This______underscorestheneedforresponsibleantibioticstewardship."A)growing/discoveryB)declining/concernC)persistent/realizationD)temporary/issue题目13（1分）：阅读以下段落："Climatechangehas______traditionalfarmingpracticesinmanyregions.A2024reportbytheFoodandAgricultureOrganization(FAO)notedthatdroughtsandfloodshavedisruptedcropyields.Farmersarenowadoptingdrought-resistantseedsandwater-efficientirrigationtechniquesto______thesechallenges."A)transformed/confrontB)endangered/ignoreC)modified/adaptD)preserved/exaggerate题目14（1分）：阅读以下段落："Theriseofsocialmediahas______publicdiscourse,makingitmorepolarizedandfragmented.A2023studybythePewResearchCenterfoundthatalgorithmiccurationoftencreatesechochambers,reinforcingexistingbeliefs.This______mayhinderconstructivedialogueandunderminedemocraticprocesses."A)accelerated/benefitB)simplified/threatC)democratized/advantageD)complicated/opportunity题型四：句子简化题（共4题，每题2分）要求：将长句改写为更简洁的表达，保持原意不变。题目15（2分）：原句："Theincreasingfrequencyofextremeweatherevents,suchashurricanesandheatwaves,islargelyattributedtoglobalwarming,asevidencedbyrisingglobaltemperaturesandmeltingpolaricecaps."简化后最合适的选项：A)Extremeweatheriscausedbyglobalwarming.B)Globalwarmingleadstomorehurricanesandheatwaves.C)Risingtemperaturesandmeltingiceconfirmglobalwarming.D)Globalwarmingandextremeweatherareunrelated.题目16（2分）：原句："Artificialintelligencehasthepotentialtoautomatemanytaskscurrentlyperformedbyhumans,whichcouldreducelaborcostsforbusinessesbutalsoleadtojobdisplacementincertainsectors."简化后最合适的选项：A)AIcanreplacehumanworkers.B)AIreducesbusinesscosts.C)AIimprovesjobsatisfaction.D)AIhasnoimpactonemployment.题目17（2分）：原句："TheGreatBarrierReef'scoralbleachingin2016wasasevereconsequenceofoceanacidificationandrisingwatertemperatures,asthesefactorsdisruptthecorals'abilitytobuildtheirskeletons."简化后最合适的选项：A)Oceanacidificationharmscorals.B)The2016bleachingwascausedbypollution.C)Risingtemperaturesweakenedcorals.D)TheGreatBarrierReefisrecoveringfast.题目18（2分）：原句："Urbanizationhasledtoincreasedairpollutionincities,astheconcentrationofvehiclesandindustrialactivitiesreleaseslargeamountsofpollutantsintotheatmosphere,contributingtorespiratoryproblemsamongresidents."简化后最合适的选项：A)Citieshavecleanerairthanruralareas.B)Pollutioniscausedbycarsandfactories.C)Urbanizationimproveslivingstandards.D)Airpollutionisharmlesstohealth.题型五：插入题（共3题，每题2分）要求：根据文章逻辑，选择最合适的句子插入空白处。题目19（2分）：阅读以下段落："Thedeclineofbeepopulationshasraisedconcernsaboutglobalfoodsecurity.Beesareessentialpollinatorsformanycrops,includingfruitsandvegetables.______.AstudybytheUniversityofCaliforniafoundthatwithoutbees,globalfoodproductioncoulddropby10%.Thishighlightstheurgentneedforconservationefforts."A)Pesticideuseisamajorfactorinbeedecline.B)Beepopulationshavestabilizedinrecentyears.C)Beesarenotimportantforagriculture.D)Beeextinctionisinevitable.题目20（2分）：阅读以下段落："Electricvehicles(EVs)arebecomingincreasinglypopular,buttheiradoptionishamperedbycharginginfrastructurelimitations.Manycitieslacksufficientchargingstations,forcingEVownerstorelyonhomecharging.______.AreportbytheNationalRenewableEnergyLaboratory(NREL)suggeststhatexpandingpublicchargingnetworkscouldboostEVsalesby40%."A)EVsaremoreexpensivethangasolinecars.B)Homechargingisalwaysconvenient.C)Charginginfrastructureisimproving.D)EVsarenotenvironmentallyfriendly.题目21（2分）：阅读以下段落："TheCOVID-19pandemicexposedvulnerabilitiesinglobalsupplychains.Manyindustriesfaceddisruptionsduetolockdownsandtransportationrestrictions.______.A2024studybytheWorldEconomicForum(WEF)foundthat70%ofcompaniesarenowinvestinginsupplychainresilience.Thisincludesdiversifyingsuppliersandadoptingdigitallogisticssolutions."A)Thepandemichadnoimpactonbusinesses.B)SupplychainswerealreadyrobustbeforeCOVID-19.C)Diversificationreducesrisks.D)Digitallogisticsareunnecessary.答案及解析题型一：细节题（共5题，每题1分）1.B)西伯利亚南部解析：文章明确指出SnowyOwls因北极冰期缩短而迁移至西伯利亚南部。2.B)气温升高解析：段落直接提到2016年大堡礁白化事件主要由水温升高导致。3.C)适应阴天解析：文章强调该太阳能电池能利用散射光发电，克服了传统电池依