2026年计算机专业英语词汇与习题集

2026年计算机专业英语词汇与习题集一、词汇选择题（每题2分，共10题）说明：每题从A、B、C、D四个选项中选择最符合题意的单词或短语。1.ThenewAI-drivensystemenablescompaniesto______vastamountsofdatainreal-time.A.processB.analyzeC.storeD.transmit（答案：A）2.Quantumcomputingholdsthepotentialtorevolutionize______fieldssuchascryptographyanddrugdiscovery.A.computationalB.theoreticalC.appliedD.experimental（答案：A）3.5Gnetworksprovidesignificantlyhigher______comparedto4G,enablingIoTdevicestoconnectseamlessly.A.latencyB.bandwidthC.frequencyD.power（答案：B）4.Incloudcomputing,"IaaS"standsfor______infrastructureasaservice.A.InfrastructureB.IntelligentC.Internet-basedD.Instantaneous（答案：A）5.Blockchaintechnologyensurestransparencythroughits______nature,wheredatacannotbealteredoncerecorded.A.decentralizedB.centralizedC.encryptedD.fragmented（答案：A）6.NaturalLanguageProcessing(NLP)focusesonenablingmachinesto______humanlanguage.A.generateB.interpretC.storeD.transmit（答案：B）7.Edgecomputingreduceslatencybyprocessingdata______thecloud.A.nearB.withinC.beyondD.insteadof（答案：A）8.Cybersecurityexpertsuse"phishing"tostealsensitiveinformationby______fraudulentemails.A.sendingB.blockingC.filteringD.analyzing（答案：A）9.Machinelearningmodelsrequirelargedatasetstoimprovetheir______accuracy.A.predictiveB.computationalC.theoreticalD.structural（答案：A）10."Low-code"platformsallowdeveloperstobuildapplicationswithminimalhand-codingbyusing______tools.A.visualB.manualC.automatedD.traditional（答案：A）二、词汇填空题（每题3分，共5题）说明：根据句子语境，选择最合适的单词填空。1.Thecompanyinvestedin______serverstohandletheincreasingdemandforhigh-performancecomputing.（答案：highlyefficient）2.Blockchain's______architectureensuresthattransactionsaresecureandtamper-proof.（答案：distributed）3.Tooptimizemachinelearningmodels,datascientistsuse______techniquestoreduceoverfitting.（答案：regularization）4.The______internetofthings(IoT)referstointerconnecteddevicesthatcommunicatewithouthumanintervention.（答案：smart）5.Cloudprovidersoffer______services,suchassoftwaredeploymentandmaintenance,inadditiontoinfrastructure.（答案：platform-as-a-service(PaaS)）三、句子改错题（每题4分，共5题）说明：指出句子中的错误并改正。1."Thecloud-basedsolutionwasdevelopedtoimprovmentthescalabilityofsmallbusinesses."-错误：improvment→improvement-改正：Thecloud-basedsolutionwasdevelopedtoimprovethescalabilityofsmallbusinesses.2."Artificialintelligenceisusedtopredctcustomerbehaviorbasedonhistorialdata."-错误：predct→predict-改正：Artificialintelligenceisusedtopredictcustomerbehaviorbasedonhistoricaldata.3."Quantumcomputerscansolvecertainproblemsfasterthantradisionalcomputers."-错误：tradisional→traditional-改正：Quantumcomputerscansolvecertainproblemsfasterthantraditionalcomputers.4."Thecybersecuritybreachwascausedbyamalwareattackthroughphishingemail."-错误：noerror-改正：Thecybersecuritybreachwascausedbyamalwareattackviaphishingemail.5."Edgecomputingreducelatencybyprocessingdatalocallyinsteadofrelyingentirelyonthecloud."-错误：reduce→reduces-改正：Edgecomputingreduceslatencybyprocessingdatalocallyinsteadofrelyingentirelyonthecloud.四、阅读理解题（每题5分，共4题）说明：根据文章内容回答问题。Passage1:Artificialintelligence(AI)hastransformedmultipleindustries,fromhealthcaretofinance.Machinelearningalgorithmscananalyzemedicalimagestodetectdiseaseswithhigheraccuracythanhumanradiologists.Infinance,AI-poweredsystemspredictmarkettrendsandautomatetrading.However,ethicalconcernsariseregardingdataprivacyandjobdisplacement.GovernmentsandcompaniesmuststrikeabalancebetweeninnovationandregulationtoensureAIbenefitssocietyresponsibly.1.WhataretheprimaryapplicationsofAImentionedinthepassage?-答案：Healthcare（分析医学图像）和Finance（预测市场趋势和自动化交易）。2.WhatarethemainethicalconcernsaboutAI?-答案：Dataprivacy和Jobdisplacement（失业问题）。Passage2:TheInternetofThings(IoT)hasrevolutionizedhowweinteractwithdevices.SmarthomesuseIoTtoautomatelighting,heating,andsecuritysystems.IndustrialIoT(IIoT)optimizesmanufacturingprocessesbycollectingreal-timedatafromsensors.Despiteitspotential,IoTdevicesarevulnerabletocyberattacksifnotproperlysecured.Companiesmustprioritizeencryptionandregularfirmwareupdatestomitigaterisks.3.HowdoesIoTbenefitsmarthomes?-答案：Automatelighting,heating,andsecuritysystems.4.WhatisthemainsecurityriskassociatedwithIoTdevices?-答案：Cyberattacksifnotproperlysecured.五、翻译题（每题6分，共3题）说明：将中文句子翻译成英文。1.量子计算在破解加密算法方面具有巨大潜力。-答案：Quantumcomputinghasgreatpotentialinbreakingencryptionalgorithms.2.企业采用云计算可以提高运营效率和降低成本。-答案：Enterprisesadoptcloudcomputingtoimproveoperationalefficiencyandreducecosts.3.区块链技术的不可篡改性使其适用于金融交易。-答案：Blockchaintechnology'simmutabilitymakesitsuitableforfinancialtransactions.答案与解析一、词汇选择题1.A(process：处理)2.A(computational：计算的)3.B(bandwidth：带宽)4.A(Infrastructure：基础设施)5.A(decentralized：去中心化的)6.B(interpret：解释)7.A(near：靠近)8.A(sending：发送)9.A(predictive：预测的)10.A(visual：可视化的)二、词汇填空题1.highlyefficient-解析：服务器需要高效处理大量数据，因此用highlyefficient。2.distributed-解析：区块链的分布式架构保证了安全性。3.regularization-解析：正则化技术防止模型过拟合。4.smart-解析：智能物联网指自动交互的设备。5.platform-as-a-service(PaaS)-解析：PaaS提供软件部署等中间层服务。三、句子改错题1.improvment→improvement-解析：improve是动词，需加-e。2.predct→predict-解析：predict是动词原形。3.tradisional→traditional-解析：traditional是形容词。4.noerror-解析：via比through更常用。5.reduce→reduces-解析：edgeco