安徽省皖江名校联考2025-2026学年高三上学期12月月考英语试题

皖江名校联盟学年高三质量检测英语试题（试卷满分：分考试用时：分钟）考生注意：本试卷分四部分，共8页。的姓名、考生号和座号，确认无误后将条形码粘贴在答题卡相应位置。考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。第一部分听力（共两节，满分分）回答听力部分时，请先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到客观题答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题分，满分分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的、、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Theman’sbeinglate.B.Theheavytraffic.C.Badpublicservices.2.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.AtapostB.Inabank.C.Inabookstore.3.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Schoolmates.B.Strangers.C.Guideandtourist.4.Whendoesthistalkprobablytakeplace?A.Beforeanimportantexam.B.Duringaradioprogram.C.Attheendofalecture.5.Howmuchwillthemanpay?A.$80.B.$90.C.$100.第二节（共小题；每小题分，满分分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的、、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，第1页/共23页各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第、7题。6.HowdoesPeterfeelabouteCNY?A.Confused.B.Curious.C.Cold.7.WhatdoesXiaoLido?A.Promoteanapp.B.Hostaforeigner.C.assistance.听第7段材料，回答第、9题。8.HowdoesthemanfeelaboutPaul?A.Considerateandhardworking.B.Kindheartedandhelpful.C.Sociableandreliable.9.Whatdoesthemandoattheendoftheconversation?A.Heintroducesafriendtothewoman.B.Heinvitesthewomantoaparty.C.Hegoesoutwiththewoman.听第8段材料，回答第至题。10.Whyweresomeaccountsstolen?A.Peoplechosesimplenumbersaspasswords.B.Peopledidn’tlocktheirphonefromtheleft.C.Peoplestartedtheirlockscreenpatternsfromacorner.Howcanwemakeourpasswords,safer?A.Byusinga.corner.B.ByusingChinesecharacters.C.Byplicatingthem.12.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetalk?A.Hardermeanssafer.B.Differentisthebest.C.Keepawayfromhackers.听第9段材料，回答第至题。13.WhatwasstressfulforMarkafterhearrivedinChina?A.anessay.B.OrderingChinesefood.C.DrivinginChina.14.WhichdoesMarkthinkmosteffectiveintermsoflearningChinese?第2页/共23页A.Havingalearnedteacher.B.EnteringforaChineseclass.C.StudyingwithaChinesefriend.15.whomMarkwantstosharehisexperience?A.Englishmajors.B.Lifelonglearners.C.ForeignerswholearnChinese.16.HowmanyforeignerslearnedChinesein2024?A.About100million.B.Nearly200million.C.Over300million.听第段材料，回答第至题。17.Whoisthespeakermainlytalkingto?A.Foreignfreshmen.B.Nativespeakers.C.Newsettlers.18.Whyareforeignstudentsdifferentfromnativestudents?A.Theyhavetoregisterwiththelocaluniversity.B.Theyhaveamoreplexregistrationprocess.C.Theyenjoyabettersocialandmedicalwelfare.19.Whatmaystopyoufromassociatingwithothers?A.Shyness.B.fort.C.Bravery.20.Whydoesthespeakermakethespeech?A.helpstudentswiththeweleweek.B.urgestudentstoknowdifficultiesinlife.C.assiststudentstoadapttoanewculture.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分分）第一节（共小题；每小题分，满分分）阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的、、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AEnglandisrichwithcastlesandtheyewithappealinghistoryandaweinspiringstories.StandingonthecoastalWhiteCliffs(悬崖),DoverCastleguardsthenarrowestpartoftheEnglishChannel.Inthe1800sthearmycutsecrettunnelsthroughtherocksosoldierscouldmoveunseen.DuringⅡthesametunnelsservedasanairattackshelter,mandcentreandundergroundhospital.todaycanjoinaguide,hearwartimestoriesandwalkthedarkpassagesforthemselves.第3页/共23页HalfwaybetweenLondonandBirmingham,theredwalledruinwasoncearoyalpalace.In1266,itheldoutagainstthelongestsiege(围攻)inmedievalEngland!ThreecenturieslaterRobertDudleyspentafortunebuildingnewgardensandasingingfountaintowintheheartofQueenElizabethⅠ.Shestayedfornineteensummerdays,butleftwithoutaring.Thequietrosebeds,brokentowersandsummerairstilltellthestory.DeepintheDales,thisrooflesskeepwasthechildhoodhomeofRichardⅢ.flowersgrowbetweenthestonesandswallowscircleoverhead.Awoodenplatformnowliftstouristsabovethebrokenwallsforwideviewsofgreenvalleys,wanderingsheepanddistanthillscoloredbythesettingsun.ReachedbyafootbridgethatswingsabovetheAtlanticwavesishalfonthemainlandandhalfonarockycoast.Legend(传说)saysKingArthurwasbornhere.stone,darkcaves,suddenoceanviewsandthesoundofcrashingwatergiveafeeling;ofpuremagicthatstayswithyoulongafteryouleave.1.WhatisDoverCastlebestknownfor?A.TheWhiteofDover.B.ThemainpassageoftheChannel.C.Itssecrettunnelsinsidetherock.D.ItsemergencyshelterinWWⅡ.2.WhichaspectofKenilworthCastleismostemphasized?A.Theeasybetweencities.B.Aromanticstoryaboutthequeen.C.Thelongestbattleinhistory.D.Thesingingfountainbuiltforfun.3.WhatdoMiddlehamCastleandCastletovisitors?A.Breathtakingscenery.B.Ruinsofroyalpalaces.C.Legendsofthelocals.D.Platformsabovethesea.【答案】1.C2.B3.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍英国四座著名城堡，同时展现各城堡独特魅力。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据DoverCastle部分中的“Inthe1800sthearmycutsecrettunnelsthroughtherocksosoldierscouldmoveunseen.(19)堡以其岩石中的秘密隧道而闻名。故选C。第4页/共23页【2题详解】KenilworthCastle部分中的“ThreecenturieslaterRobertDudleyspentafortunebuildingnewgardensandasingingfountaintowintheheartofQueenElizabethⅠ.Shestayedfornineteensummerdays,butleftwithoutaring.(三个世纪后，罗伯特·达德利(RobertDudley)不惜花费巨资建造新花园和一座会唱歌的喷19)尼沃斯城堡最强调的是关于女王的浪漫故事。故选B。【3题详解】MiddlehamCastle部分中的“Awoodenplatformnowliftstouristsabovethebrokenwallsforwideviewsofgreenvalleys,wanderingsheepanddistanthillscoloredbythesettingsun.(现在，一个木制平台让游客站到破碎的城墙之上，让他们可以俯瞰绿色的山谷、漫步的羊群和被夕阳染成彩色的远山。)”以及Castle部分中的“stone,darkcaves,suddenoceanviewsandthesoundofcrashingwatergiveafeelingofpuremagicthatstayswithyoulongafteryouleave.(和撞击水的声音，给人一种纯粹的魔力感，即使你离开后很久，这种感觉也会一直伴随着你。)”可知，MiddlehamCastle和Castle为游客提供了令人惊叹的景色。故选A。BAssoonasSpearsgraduated,shebackpackedEuropewithafriend.kidstoseetheworld,”shelaughs.droppedtheminmispronouncedtowns,yeteverymiletaughtherluckhadhandedherapassport,whileeventhetiniestactlikesharingamapcouldhandothersabrighteryearslater,lovereroutedher.SheandnewhusbandKyledrovetoGuatemala.Theyputuptheirtentbesideabeautifulforestlake.Butsomethingthatbotheredthem.Childrenwhocouldnameeveryplantateonebowlofcornaday;girlsleftschoolattwelvetocarryfirewood.“Howcantheysustainthemselves?Whatcanlastafterweleave?Thethetwowandererswondered.Sotheyrentedasmallhouseandputupasign:SchoolofLife.Eveningclassesbeganunderamangotree:howtouseasewingmachine(缝纫机),howtocreateamoreproductivegarden,howtochargeforservicesandmanageresources.Atfirstonlythreemotherscame,butweekbyweekthenumbersgrew;vegetablesclimbedwallswheredusthadruled.whohadneverheldcashnowpricedthread(线)inlocalmoney.fourshortvisitsayearcouldnotanchortheweakprogress.mailedfriendsasinglephoto—twelvewomenholdingtomatoeslikerubies—andwatchedherinboxfill.In2014thecirclebecameBeHumanitarian,anonprofitthatnowshipssewingmachines,vitaminsand,mostimportantly,volunteerswhoreturneveryseason.ChildrenofthevolunteersfolloweddaughterEmerypackssoccerballs;hersonrecordsseedling第5页/共23页counts(幼苗数)onhisphone.“Ithoughttravelmeantseeingnewplaces,”Emerywrites.“NowIknowitmeansseeingnewpossibilitiesinpeople.”twohundredfamiliesharvestyearround;daughtersbuyuniformswithmoneyearnedfromhandmadepencilcases.stilltravelswithonebackpack,butitiswithpatternsandsignupcards.“Nowwestayaswonderers—amazedatwhatarollofthreadandashareddreamcansew,”says4.WhatdidgetfromherEuropeantravel?A.Amoneymakingplan.B.Thebeliefinsmallhelp.C.Apassionforsecrettowns.D.Thecouragetotravelalone.5.Whatdidthecoupletrytoteachthevillagers?A.Skillstoliveontheirown.B.Methodsofgrowingcrops.C.Ideasofincreasingproductivity.D.Basicknowledgeofhousework.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“anchor”inParagraph4probablymean?A.B.Monitor.C.Secure.D.7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.SewingMachinesandDreamsB.LuckFavoredTheLittleGirlC.D.ABackpackFilledwithFortune【答案】4.B5.A6.C7.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了和Kyle旅行后，在危地马拉创办“生活学校”，教当地妇的意义在于发现他人的可能性。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“droppedtheminmispronouncedtowns,yeteverymiletaughtherluckandhandedherapassport,whileeventhetiniestactlikesharingamapcouldhandothersabrighter(火车将他们载到发音不准确的城镇，然而每一英里都教会她幸运，并给了她一张通行证，而即使是像分享地)意识到即使是微小的帮助也能给别人带来更好的未来，这让她相信小帮助的力量。由此可知，她从欧洲旅行中得到了对小帮助的信念。故选B项。【5题详解】Eveningclassesbeganunderamangotree:howtouseasewingmachine(缝纫第6页/共23页机),howtocreateamoreproductivegarden,howtochargeforservicesandmanageresources.(开始上课：如何使用缝纫机，如何创建一个更有生产力的花园，如何收取服务费用和管理资源)”可知，这对夫妇试图教村民们一些独立生活的技能，如使用缝纫机、创建更有生产力的花园、收取服务费用和管理资源等。由此可知，他们试图教村民们的是独立生活的技能。故选A项。【6题详解】fourshortvisitsayearcouldnotanchortheweakprogress.(次短暂的访问并不能使这一微弱的进展anchor)”以及后文“mailedfriendsasinglephoto—twelvewomenholdingtomatoeslikerubies—andwatchedherinboxfill.In2014thecirclebecameBeHumanitarian,anonprofitthatnowshipssewingmachines,vitaminsand,mostimportantly,volunteerswhoreturnevery2014BeHumanitarian”非营利组织，如今该组织不仅运送缝纫机、维生素，更重要的是，还会派遣志愿者，他们每个季节都会回来)”可知，通过邮寄照片给朋友们，最终成立了非营利组织BeHumanitarian，来持续支持这个项目。anchorC“Secure(使稳固)”与划线词的意思最为接近。故选C项。【7题详解】“Nowwestayaswonderers—amazedatwhatarollofthreadandashareddreamcansew,”says说)和坚持，不仅改变了自己的生活，也帮助了危地马拉的村民们实现了自给自足和更好的生活。由此可知，选项C“从行者到问者)选C项。C“MenarefromMars,womenfromhasbeeaconvenientshorthandforeveryhouseholddebate,frommapreadingtoloadingthedishwasher.beneaththejokesliesaseriousquestion:arethetwosexesbornwithfundamentallydifferentwiring,orhavewesimplyrepeatedthestoryuntilitfeelstrue?highprofilesetsofscansappeartohardproofofadifference.BritishpsychologistStuartRitchiereportedin2012thatmalebrainsare,onaverage,roughlyonetenthheavierthanfemalebrainsandcontainmorewhitematter.Threeyearslater,Israelineuroscientist(神经学家)DaphnaJoeladdedthattypical“his”or“her”circuitscan’tbedetectedwithadvancedsoftware,eventhougheveryheadultimatelycontainsamixofboth—第7页/共23页likeshadesthatvarybutneverperfectlymatchpassportsex.LiseEliot,aneuroscientistatChicagoMedicalSchool,believessuchheadlinesaretoodramatic.Afterreanalyzingthousandsofimagescollectedacrosssixcountries,shecallsthebrain“aunisex(不分性别的)organ”.Thenumericgapbetweengroupaverages,sheinsists,isnowiderthanthedifferencebetweenmaleandfemalekidneys,andthefiguresfailtopredicthowtheorganactuallyprocessesalgebra,empathy(同理心)orparkinginstructions.Putsimply,sizedecidesnothing.Ifbodystructureisnottherealboss,whatis?Socialexperience,arguesTheAtlanticClassicpaperslovedeyecatchingnumbers:a1970survey’showedboysbeatinggirlsthirteentooneonthemathematicsafigureoncehighlightedbyformerHarvardpresidentLawrenceSummersasproofofnaturalmalescientifictalent.Whenlaterstudentgroupsgirlsequallaboratoryhours,encouragedfemaleteachersandrewrotetextbookstoincludemorerealworldproblems,theratiofelltothreetoone,suggestingthatopportunity,notbodypart,writesmostofthescoreboard.MargaretMcCarthy,aneuropharmacologistattheUniversityofMaryland,applaudsEliotfor“forcingthedebateforward”.Shealsonotesthatwipingouteverysexdifferencewouldsoundanextremenote.Equal,sheremindsus,isnotidentical;biologymaystillwhisperwheresocietyshouts.8.WhydoestheauthorpresentthefindingsofRitchieandJoel?A.correctstatisticalerrorsinpsychology.B.stresstheriskofsinglecountrydatasets.C.explainboys’badhabitsinreadingmaps.D.providescanevidenceofsexdifferences.9.WhatisimpliedbyEliot’sreanalysisofbrainvolume?A.Brainsizecansomehowdecidesexrules.B.Malesdowellintacklingplextasks.C.Generationgapsoutrunbetweensexgaps.D.Itcannottellhowapersonwillthinkoract.10.Whatcanweinferfromthefallingmathscoregapafter1970?A.Equalchancesnarrowthescoregap.B.BoysarenowlosinginterestinSTEM.CStandardizedtestsarenolongertrusted.D.Biologystilllimitsgirls’physicsscores.WhatmightbeMcCarthy’sattitudetoerasingsexdifferences?A.Favorable.B.Disapproving.C.Unclear.D.Indifferent.【答案】8.D9.D10.AB第8页/共23页【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过讨论男女差异的生理与社交成因，指出大脑结构差异不足以证明天生不同，机会平等更重要，但生物学因素仍不可忽视。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“highprofilesetsofscansappeartohardproofofadifference.BritishpsychologistStuartRitchiereportedin2012thatmalebrainsare,onaverage,roughlyonetenthheavierthanfemalebrainsandcontainmorewhitematter.Threeyearslater,Israelineuroscientist(神经学家)DaphnaJoeladdedthattypical“his”or“her”circuitscan’tbedetectedwithadvancedsoftware,eventhougheveryheadultimatelycontainsamixofboth—likeshadesthatvarybutneverperfectlymatchpassportsex.(两组备受瞩目的扫描结果似乎提供了差异的确凿证据。英国心理学家斯图尔特·里奇在2012比女性大脑重约十分之一，且含有更多的白质。三年后，以色列神经科学家达夫纳·乔尔补充说，即使使用先进的软件，也无法检测到典型的“他的”或“她的”神经回路，尽管每个人的大脑最终都包含两者的混合——就像色调各异但永远不会与护照上的性别完全匹配)”可推知，作者展示里奇和乔尔的发现是为了提供性别差异的扫描证据。故选D项。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“LiseEliot,aneuroscientistatChicagoMedicalSchool,believessuchheadlinesaretoodramatic.Afterreanalyzingthousandsofimagescollectedacrosssixcountries,shecallsthebrain“aunisex(不分性别的)organ”.Thenumericgapbetweengroupaverages,sheinsists,isnowiderthanthedifferencebetweenmaleandfemalekidneys,andthefiguresfailtopredicthowtheorganactuallyprocessesalgebra,empathyorparkinginstructions.Putsimply,sizedecidesnothing.(芝加哥医学院的神经科学家莉丝·艾略特认为这样的标题过于夸张。在重新分析了来自六个国家的数千张图像后，她称大脑为“一个不分性别的器官”。她坚持认为，群体平均值之间的数字差距并不比男性和女性肾脏之间的差异更大，而且这些数字无法预测该器官实际上如何处理代数、同理心或停车指令。简而言之，大小决定不了什么)”可推知，艾略特重新分析大脑体积后，认为大脑体积不能预测一个人将如何思考或行动。故选D项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Whenlaterstudentgroupsgirlsequallaboratoryhours,encouragedfemaleteachersandrewrotetextbookstoincludemorerealworldproblems,theratiofelltothreetoone,suggestingthatopportunity,notbodypart,writesmostofthescoreboard.(室时间，鼓励女教师，并重写教科书以纳入更多现实问题，这一比例降至三比一，这表明是机会，而不是)1970第9页/共23页缩小了分数差距。故选A项。【题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“MargaretMcCarthy,aneuropharmacologistattheUniversityofMaryland,applaudsEliotfor“forcingthedebateforward”.Shealsonotesthatwipingouteverysexdifferencewouldsoundanextremenote.Equal,sheremindsus,isnotidentical;biologymaystillwhisperwheresocietyshouts.(马里兰大学的神经药理学家玛格丽特·麦卡锡称赞艾略特“推动了辩论的进展”。她还指出，消除所有的性别差异听起来有些极端。她提醒我们，平等并不意味着相同；在社会大声疾呼的地方，生物学可能仍在低语)”可知，麦卡锡认为消除所有的性别差异听起来有些极端。由此推知，麦卡锡对消除性别差异的态度是不赞成的。故选B项。DInanewstudy,scientistsarguethattimeisrunningouttosavethisuniqueecosystem,andthatiftherightdecisionsarenotmadetopreserveAntarcticainthenexttenyears,thentheconsequenceswillbefeltaroundtheworld.TheirresultsassessthestateofAntarcticain2070undertwoscenarios(脚本),whichrepresenttheoppositeextremesofaction/andinactionongreenhousegasemissions(排放)andenvironmentalprotection.Undertheworstcasescenarioofhighgreenhousegasemissionsandlowregulations,theglobalairtemperaturewouldrisenearly3.5℃.Also,floatingiceshelvesthatholdbackiceonlandwouldcollapse,enhancingflowoficefromlandtothesea.ThiscouldleadeventuallytothecollapseoftheentireAntarcticIceandaround3.5mofsealevelrise.Incontrast,underthebestcasescenario,Antarctica’scontributiontosealevelrise.wouldonlybeabout6cminaglobalriseofaroundhalfametre,duetoinstabilitiesintheAntarcticIceSheetthathavebeenirreversible(不可逆的),since2010.Theoceanwouldalsowarmless,byonlyaround0.7℃,meaningitwouldkeepitsabilitytoabsorbCO₂andtheaciditywouldnotbeatharmfullevels.AswellasthephysicalchangestoAntarctica,theanalysisalsolookedattheimpactsonecosystemsanddirecthumanimpacts,suchasminingandtourism.Thesefactorsdependstronglyonhowmuchglobalagreementandcooperationthereis,particularlyincreatingandenforcingwellinformedregulations.Theauthorssaythatthismeansresearchprogramsneedtobesupportedtomakeevidencebaseddecisionsonthebestwayforward.Ifthesearemaintainedinto2070,andtheinternationalmunityactstogetherontheremendations,thenworstimpactscanbeavoided.12.WhatisthewritingpurposeofParagraph1?第10页/共23页A.urgequickactionwithinthenextdecade.B.presentthe2070projectionmethods.C.listpolarspeciesatthegreatestrisk.D.showpastfailuresinemissioncuts.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“This”inParagraph2probablyreferto?A.The3.5℃globalairtemperaturerise.B.Thecollapseoffloatingiceshelves.C.Moreflowoficefromlandtothesea.D.The3.5msealevelriseforecast.14.WhatismostimportantforprotectingAntarctica?A.Strictnationalmininglaws.B.Internationalbinedefforts.C.Advancedcarbonremovaltech.D.Expandedecotourismfunds.15.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A.Environmentcrisesarestillontheway.B.Sealevelrisecanbelimitedto0.5meters.C.Iceshelfcollapsecontributestopolariceloss.D.Antarcticfuturesdependondecadechoices.【答案】12.A13.C14.B15.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过对比两种情景，分析了不采取行动和采取行动对南极洲及全球的影响，强调在未来十年内国际合作采取行动对避免最坏后果至关重要。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Inanewstudy,scientistsarguethattimeisrunningouttosavethisuniqueecosystem,andthatiftherightdecisionsarenotmadetopreserveAntarcticainthenexttenyears,thentheconsequenceswillbefeltaroundtheworld.(在一项新的研究中，科学家们认为，拯救这个独特的生态系统的时间已经不多了，如果在未来十年内不能做出正确的决定来保护南极洲，那么后果将在全世界范围内显现。)”可知，作者在第一段中强调了拯救南极洲的紧迫性，敦促在未来十年内迅速采取行动。因此，第一段的写作目的是A项“urgequickactionwithinthenextdecade.(敦促在未来十年内迅速采取行动)”。故选A。【13题详解】Also,floatingiceshelvesthatholdbackiceonlandwouldcollapse,enhancingflowoficefromlandtothesea.()”以及“ThiscouldleadeventuallytothecollapseoftheentireAntarcticIceandaround3.5mofsealevelrise.(这第11页/共23页可能最终导致整个西南极冰盖的崩塌，以及海平面上升约3.5米。)”可知，这里的“This”指的是上文提到的“Moreflowoficefromlandtothesea(更多的冰从陆地流向海洋)C项“Moreflowoficefromlandtothesea.(更多的冰从陆地流向海洋)”是正确答案。故选C。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Ifthesearemaintainedinto2070,andtheinternationalmunityactstogetherontheremendations,thenworstimpactscanbeavoided.(如果这些措施持续到2070年，并且国际社会共同采取行动落实这些建议，那么最严重影响是可以避免的。)”可知，保护南极洲最重要的是国际社会的共同努力。因此，B项“Internationalbinedefforts.(国际共同努力)”是正确答案。故选B。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“TheirresultsassessthestateofAntarcticain2070undertwoscenarios(情景),whichrepresenttheoppositeextremesofaction/andinactionongreenhousegasemissions(排放)andenvironmentalprotection.(他们的研究结果评估了2070年南极洲在两种情景下的状态，这两种情景代表了温室气体排放和环境保护方面采取行动和不采取行动的两个极端。)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要讨论了南极洲的未来取决于未来十年的选择，即如果采取积极行动，南极洲的未来可能相对较好；如果无所作为，则可能面临严重的后果。因此，D项“Antarcticfuturesdependondecadechoices.(南极洲的两种未来取决于未来十年的选择)”概括文章主要内容。故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题分，满分分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Everyonecanprotectthemselves,theirfamilies,andtheirmunitiesbywashingtheirhandswithsoap.____16____thehealthbenefitsareenormous.●Whyishandwashingsoimportant?Handwashingwithsoapstopsinfectionsbeforetheystart.Afterusingthetoilet,changingababy,ortouchingdirtysurfaces,dangerousgerms(细菌)andvirusescanliveonourskin.Iftheyreachoureyes,nose,ormouth,illnessstrikes.____17____●Whyshouldwewashwithsoap?Germshideinthenaturaloils,dirt,andgreaseonyourhands.alonedoesn’tremovethesegermseffectively,butsoapcan.____18____Italsoloosenstheoil,letsourhandsrubawaythegerms,andallowsrunningwater,towash,themdown.●Howdogermsonhandsactuallymakeussick?第12页/共23页____19____Pathogens(病原体)leavethefingers,entertheeyes,nose,ormouth,andstartaninfection.Unwashedhandsalsotransfergermstofood,drinks,handrails,toys,andkeyboards,carryingillnesstothenextpairofhands.Handwashingthereforepreventsdiseaseslikediarrhea,vomiting,andevenskinoreyeinfections.●____20____Alwayscleanthembeforeeating,feedingachild,insertingcontactlenses,orhandlingmedicine,andaftervisitingthetoilet,blowingyournose,touchinganimals,oranybodyfluid.beforeandafterpreparingrawfoodorcaringforthesick,andwhenevertheylookorfeeldirty.whatifthere’snosoapandwateraround?Asanitizer(消毒液)with6095%alcoholisanacceptablebackup.Butremember:itdoesn’tkillallgermsandfailswhenhandsarevisiblydirty.A.Whenshouldwegiveourhandsathoroughwash?B.A20secondwashbreaksthischainandsaveslives.C.Whatistheexacttimeforyoutodoageneralcleaning?D.Itrequiresonlyasmallamountofwaterandabarofsoap.E.Itcanhelpbreakdowngermcarryingmaterialsonourhands.F.arenaturallysupposedtomakehandwashingadailyhabit.G.Peopletouchtheirfaceshundredsoftimesadaywithoutnoticing.【答案】16.D17.B18.E19.G20.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了洗手的重要性、原理及正确方法。强调用肥皂洗手能有效去除病菌预防疾病，并列举了洗手时机和替代方法，旨在倡导养成勤洗手的好习惯。【16题详解】上文“Everyonecanprotectthemselves,theirfamilies,andtheirmunitiesbywashingtheirhandswithsoap.(每个人都可以通过用肥皂洗手来保护自己、家人和社区。)”说明了用肥皂洗手可以起到保护作用，且这种方式简单易行；D选项“Itrequiresonlyasmallamountofwaterandabarofsoap.(它只需要少量的水和一块肥皂。)”进一步说明了用肥皂洗手的便利性，与上文内容相呼应，符合题意。故选D。【17题详解】上文“Iftheyreachoureyes,nose,ormouth,illnessstrikes.(会袭来。)B选项“A20secondwashbreaksthischainandsaveslives.(20秒的洗手可以打破这个链条，拯救生命。)”承接上文，说明了洗手可以阻断细菌和病毒进入人体的途径，从而预防疾病，符合题意。故选B。第13页/共23页【18题详解】上文“alonedoesn’tremovethesegermseffectively,butsoapcan.(皂可以。)”说明了肥皂在去除细菌方面的作用；E选项“Itcanhelpbreakdowngermcarryingmaterialsonourhands.(它可以帮助分解我们手上携带细菌的物质。)”进一步解释了肥皂是如何去除细菌的，即通过分解手上携带细菌的物质，与上文内容相呼应，符合题意。故选E。【19题详解】下文“Pathogens(病原体)leavethefingers,entertheeyes,nose,ormouth,andstartaninfection.(病原体离开手指，进入眼睛、鼻子或嘴巴，然后开始感染。)”说明了病原体是如何通过手进入人体并导致感染的；G选项“Peopletouchtheirfaceshundredsoftimesadaywithoutnoticing.(人们每天会无意识地触摸自己的脸数百次。)”为下文提供了背景信息，即人们经常会无意识地触摸自己的脸，从而为病原体进入人体提供了机会，符合题意。故选G。【20题详解】下文“Alwayscleanthembeforeeating,feedingachild,insertingcontactlenses,orhandlingmedicine,andaftervisitingthetoilet,blowingyournose,touchinganimals,oranybodyfluid.(在吃东西、喂孩子、戴隐形眼镜或处理药物之前，以及在上厕所、擤鼻涕、触摸动物或任何体液之后，都要清洁双手。)”详细说明了在哪些情况下需要彻底洗手；A选项“Whenshouldwegiveourhandsathoroughwash?(我们什么时候应该彻底洗手？)”作为问题，引出了下文的内容，符合题意。故选A。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分分）第一节（共小题；每小题1分，满分分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给、、、和！的四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。TheotherdayIwasdrivinghomefromworkwhenInoticedtheneedlewasonempty.HalfwayI____21____agasstation,reachedformypurse,andfeltonlyseatfabric.Isearched____22____beneaththeseatsandinsidethecupholder,collectingjustsome____23____change—obviouslynotenoughto____24____evenonegallon.Igatheredthequartersandwentinsidetoprepay.canimaginetheclerk’sfacewhenI____25____thecoinsonthecounter.“Seriously!?”hesaid.“IexplainedthatIhadleftmy____26____atworkandthiswasallIhad.Justthen,atendollarbillslidacrosstheglass.Iwas____27____andturnedtothemanbehindme.“MayIhaveyour____28____,sir?I’llmailitback.”Butthestrangersmiledand____29____theaway.“Justpassiton.”Thenhewalkedout_____30_____Icouldeventhankhim.Deeplymoved,Ifilledthetankanddrovehome,_____31_____thesilentnightthatIwould第14页/共23页_____32_____thedeal.laterIspottedayoungmothercounting_____33_____besideanalmostemptypump(泵).Isteppedforward,tendollarbillinhand,and_____34_____thewordsIhadbeengiven:“Passiton.”“The_____35_____isneverrepaidtothegiver,buttothenextstrangerinneed.”Isaidtomyself.21.A.madeoutB.pulledintoC.letD.gotthrough22.A.successfullyB.purposelyC.madlyD.gently23.A.realB.significantC.positiveD.loose24.A.coverB.produceC.spareD.keep25.A.fingeredB.spreadC.emptiedD.packed26.A.purseB.reserveC.phoneD.coat27.A.thoughtfulB.guiltyC.surprisedD.relieved28.A.nameB.addressC.permissionD.favor29.A.wavedB.storedC.carriedD.put30.A.asB.sinceC.beforeD.though31.A.recallingB.enjoyingC.missingD.promising32.A.honorB.announceC.killD.oppose33.A.numbersB.wordsC.coinsD.votes34.A.noticedB.repeatedC.forcedD.spelled35.A.investmentB.loanC.D.debt【答案】21.B22.C23.D24.A25.B26.A27.C28.B29.A30.C31.D32.A33.C34.B35.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了“我”因忘带钱包而没钱加油时，得到陌生人的十美元帮助，并后来将这份爱心传递给另一位需要帮助的母亲的温暖经历，体现了善意的传递和善良的价值。【21题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：中途我把车开进了加油站，伸手去拿钱包，却只摸到了座椅面料。A.madeout辨认出；B.pulledintoC.let释放；D.gotthroughagasstation”以及“reachedformypurse”可知，作者在回家的路上，中途把车开进了加油站，准备加油。故选B项。【22题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我疯狂地在座位下面和杯架里面搜寻，只找到了一些零钱——显然不够买一加第15页/共23页仑汽油。A.successfully成功地；B.purposely故意地；C.madly疯狂地；D.gentlyreachedformypurse,andfeltonlyseatfabric”可知，作者发现自己没带钱包，而车快没油了，所以会疯狂地寻找钱。故选C项。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我疯狂地在座位下面和杯架里面搜寻，只找到了一些零钱——显然不够买一A.realB.significantC.positiveD.loose“change”以及“obviouslynotenough”可知，作者找到的是一些零散的零钱。故选D项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我疯狂地在座位下面和杯架里面搜寻，只找到了一些零钱——显然不够买一加仑汽油。A.coverB.produce生产；C.spareD.keepevenonegallon”以及语境可知，作者找到的零钱不够支付一加仑汽油的费用。故选A项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：你可以想象当我把硬币摊在柜台上时店员的表情。A.fingered用手指触摸；B.spread展开，摊开；C.emptied倒空；D.packed打包。根据后文“thecoinsonthecounter”可知，作者把收集到的硬币摊开在柜台上。故选B项。【26题详解】A.purse钱包；B.reserve储备；C.phone电话；D.coat外套。根据前文“reachedformypurse,andfeltonlyseatfabric”可知，作者没带钱包。故选A项。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很惊讶，转身看着我后面的那个人。A.thoughtful体贴的；B.guilty内疚的；C.surprised惊讶的；D.relieved宽慰的。根据后文“atendollarbillslidacrosstheglass”可知，有人帮作者付了钱，所以作者感到惊讶。故选C项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我可以要你的地址吗，先生？我会把钱寄回去的。A.name名字；B.address地C.permissionD.favorI’llmailitback”可知，作者想要对方的地址以便把钱寄回去。故选B项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但陌生人微笑着拒绝了。A.waved挥手拒绝；B.stored储存；C.carried携带；D.put放。根据后文“theaway”以及“Justpassiton.”可知，陌生人拒绝了作者要寄钱的提议，让作第16页/共23页者把这份善意传递下去。waveaway“挥手拒绝”符合语境。故选A项。【30题详解】A.asB.since自从；C.beforeD.though尽管。根据后文“Icouldeventhankhim”可知，陌生人在作者还没来得及感谢对方之前就离开了。故选C项。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：深受感动，我加满了油，开车回家，在寂静的夜晚承诺我会践行这个约定。A.recallingB.enjoyingC.missingD.promisingthesilentnightthatIwould____12____thedeal”可知，作者深受感动，承诺会践行把善意传递下去的约定。故选D项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：深受感动，我加满了油，开车回家，在寂静的夜晚承诺我会践行这个约定。A.honor践行，履行；B.announce宣布；C.kill杀死；D.oppose反对。根据后