风景园林景观设计2 part2 补充材料-03 Geoffrey Jellicoe

2.MajorPublications&DesignWorksMajorPublications·ItalianGardensoftheRenaissance,1925·LandscapeofCivilization:CreatedfortheMoodyHistoricalGardens,AntiqueCollectorsClub,1989·TheLandscapeofMan:Shapingtheenvironmentfromprehistorytopresentday,Thames&Hudson,1995·TheCompleteLandscapeDesignsandGardensofGeoffreyJellicoe,Thames&Hudson,1994·DesigningtheNewLandscape,Thames&Hudson,1998·TheOxfordCompaniontoGardens,OxfordUniversityPress,2001MajorDesignWorks1934～36CavemanRestaurant1934～39DitchleyPark1947PlanforHemelHempsted1956Harvey’sStore,Guildford1957～59WaterGardens,HemelHempsted1964～65KennedyMemorial1970～90ShuteHouse1979～89HartwellHouseGarden1980～86SuttonPlace1984MoodyGardensTheCavemanRestaurant,attheentrancetotheCheddarCaves,isflourishingbutJellicoe's'fishpond'glassroofissaidtohaveleakedandwasreplacedwithasolidroof.Thesetinganddesignoftherestaurantsuggestagatewaytotheunderworld.CavemanRestaurantDitchleyPark

Notopentothepublic.SirGeoffreyJellicoedesignedoneofthelastItaliangardensinEnglandatDitchleyPark.Theknot/parterrehasgonebuttherestofthegardensurvivesingoodcondition.Jellicoereinstatedtheterrace,whichGibbsdesignedandmadeapoolwithfountains.StatueswerebroughtfromWrestPark.GardenAddress:DitchleyPark,Charlbury,Oxfordshire,EnglandDitchleyParksummerhouseparterreviewtothegreattemplelionontheterraceDitchleyParkHarvey’sStoreThegardenhasbeenrenamedandrestored,ontheroofofwhatisnowtheHouseofFraserStoreinGuildfordHighStreet.ItwasdesignedbySirGeoffreyJellicoetosymbolizetheflightofthefirstsputnikandoverlooksGuildfordandtheNorthDowns.Thegardenwascompletelyrebuiltonasmallerscalein2000.

Thegardenfeaturesmanygrasses,Irisvarieties,willow,Ligularia,Persicaria,andEupatorium,andwaterplants(Scirpus,Juncus,etc).Theplantstendtobuildtowardlatesummerfortheirbestshow.

Harvey’sStoreWaterGardensHemelHempstead’sWaterGardensweredesignedbyfamousarchitectSirGeoffryJellicoein1957.FortheMasterPlan,theprinciplewastousetherivervalleysaslinearparksandtoconcealthehousing,behindtreebelts,areasonthehilltops.TheWaterGardenwasoneofSirGeoffreyJellicoe'sfavourprojects.Itisadelightfulspace.Acanalwithdelicatebridgescarriesvisitorsfromthetowncarparkstotheshoppingcentre.GardenAddress:TheWaterGarden,HemelHempsted,Hertfordshire,England

KennedyMemorial

Amemorialgarden,forPresidentJohnFKennedy.Jellicoedesignedaflightofsteps,risingthroughthewoodstoreachagladeinwhichthememorialstoneisset.ItdrawsuponThePilgrim'sProgress,Bunyan'sallegoryoflifeasajourney.ThiswasakeyprojectinthedevelopmentofJellicoe'sviewontheroleofthesubconsciousinlandscapedesign.memorialgardenSirGeoffreyJellicoe,oneofourfinestlandscapearchitects,wascommissionedin1969tocreateawatergarden.TheresultwasShuteHouseGardens;hisfavouriteand,somesay,finestwork.ShuteHousehasbeenrestoredanddevelopedbythepresentowners,JohnandSuzyLewis,whocommissionedSirGeoffreyJellicoetocompletethegardenswhentheyarrivedin1994.Theworkcontinuestothisday.ShuteHouseGardensShuteHouseAtSuttonPlace(1980)Jellicoedesignedinseveralareasofstillwater.IntheParadiseGardenalargeformalpondbarsdirectentrytothegarden,itstranquilsurfacehardlydisturbedbyspoutinggargoyles.Accessto`paradise'isoveraseriesofsteppingstonesrepresentingthehazardsofhumanlife.Interestingly,Jellicoehereusesafeaturewhichhefirstformallyreferredtoinhis1960book"StudiesinLandscapeDesign".Inhischapter,"Scale,Diversity,andSpace"hegivesacritiqueofBellini's"TheEarthlyParadise"andpraisesthewaythebalustrade`interlockstheforegroundandmiddledistance'.GardenAddress:SuttonPlaceGarden,Guildford,Surrey,EnglandSuttonPlaceMoodyGardens

MoodyGardens,aneducation/entertainmentmuseum,iseasilyrecognizableforitsthreelargeglasspyramids.Thefirstonebuiltwastherainforestpyramid,whichholdstrees,plants,birds,fish,andbutterfliesfromseveraldifferentrainforesthabitats.Astrollthroughthebuildingwillfascinateanyonewhohasneverbeeninarainforestenvironment.TheunusualspeciesofAmazonianfish,birds,andbutterfliesarenotoftenseeninzoos.Theaquariumpyramiddisplayslifefromfouroftheworld'soceans:penguinsfromAntarctica,harborsealsfromthenorthernPacific,andreefdwellersfromtheCaribbeanandSouthPacific.Thereisalsoapettingaquariumforthosewhofeelcompelledtotouchthelittledarlings.Thediscoverypyramiddisplaysspaceexplorationbutdoesn'tcomeclosetothenearbySpaceCenterHouston.AlsoofnotearethetwoIMAXtheaters:Oneis3-DandtheotherisaRidefilm.Ontopofallthis,thereisapoolandwhite-sandbeachforchildrenandparentsandanoldpaddle-wheelboatthatjourneysoutintothebay.Alargehotelandspaarealsoonthegrounds.

3.IdeasA.TheLandscapeOfManB.SuttonPlace

C.WaterandSubconsciousinJellicoe’sWorksA.TheLandscapeOfMan

Thisbookasaclassic.Itisnotonlyforthosewhowanttostudyourchangingperceptionsofourlandscapeandourmovestodefineitoverthepastfewmillennia,butalsotoarchitectswhobuild‘buildings’.B.SuttonPlace

SuttonPlace,madebetween1980and1986forthewealthyart-loverStanleySeeger,isperhapsJellicoe’sfinestgarden,anditwascreatedwhenhewasinhiseighties.HiscommentsonitgivenintheGuelphLectureatGuelphUniversity,Ontario,Canada,relatetothemanylayersofhistoryofthehouseandsite,andhisreflectionsontheinfluencesleadingtodifferentincidentswithinthegarden.SuttonPlaceC.WaterandSubconsciousinJellicoe’sWorksWater

WaterreoccursinmanyofJellicoe’sdesigns.Inplacesitisstillandreflective,inotherstumblingdownsteepslopesaddinganextra,auditory,dimensiontothedesign.Indeed,atHorstedPlacethereisnowater.Insteadthelawnsflowouttowardsthewoodslikelakesandplantersseemtofloatontheirsurface.Inhislaterschemesitisalsopossibletointerprethisuseofwaterinanallegoricalsense,orasanattempttoengagethesubconscious.

HorstedPlaceHorstedPlaceThegardensatShute,developedfrom1969onwards,seemtohaveprovidedJellicoewithoneofhismostsatisfyprojects.NotonlywastherewaterinabundancebutJellicoeandhisclients,MichaelandAnneTree,developedasuperbworkingrelationship.Jellicoewassoimpressedbythewaythattheempathygrewbetweenthemthathedevelopedasimplediagram,basedonJung’smethods,toexplainit.Shutewasblessedwithanumberofnaturalsprings,oneofwhichroseatthehighestpointofthegardenandfedintoanoldstonecanal.Jellicoeusedthisasthesourceofanewstreamwhichraninastraightlinedownthehillsideinaseriesofrills,linkedbyfalls.Thisfeatureworkssuperbly,andonseverallevels:—fromthetopofthefallthewaterwayactslikeaclassical“longwalk”leadingtheeyetoadistantvista,inthiscaseasmallstatue.—fromthebaseoftherillstheviewiscompletelydifferent.—onanotherplanethemovementofthewateranditsaccompanyingplantingcanbeseenasanallusiontohumanlife.

AtSuttonPlace(1980)Jellicoedesignedinseveralareasofstillwater.IntheParadiseGardenalargeformalpondbarsdirectentrytothegarden,itstranquilsurfacehardlydisturbedbyspoutinggargoyles.

SuttonPlaceFurtherontheswimmingpool,knownastheMiroMirror,featuresaneleganttrick.

MiroMirrorTheheroicuseofwatercontinuedrighttotheendofJellicoe’scareer.Hislastmajordesign,theMoodyHistoricalGardens,encounteredwateronagrandscale.

MoodyGardens,Galveston,TX

WinterinMoodyGardens

PoolatMoodyGardenstotel

MoodyGardens

SubconsciousInhislaterworkJellicoecametofeelthatthecontributionofthesubconsciousintheoverallappreciationofadesignwasbeingunderratedorignored.

Jellicoe’striumphwastousehiseclecticknowledgeofcurrentandpastpracticetorelatetothe“collectiveconsciousness”ofthetargetaudience.ThushecouldmovefromasympatheticrestorationatSt.Paul’sWaldenBurytothewatergardenatHemelHempsteadtothelandscapingofthecentreofModena.JellicoebecameincreasinglyabsorbedbytheroleofthesubconsciousinlandscapeandgardendesignandJung’stheses.AtShuteHousehewasdelightedbytheempathybetweenhimselfandtheTrees.Hefeltthattheirrelationshipwentbeyondtheformalarchitect/clientpartnershipandthattheywerestartingtocorrespondonasubconsciouslevel.Toexplaintheprocesshedevisedadiagrambasedonacircle,withatrianglewithin—itsbaseacrossthediameteranditsapexatthelowestpointonthecircumference.Thethoughtsoftheclientandthedesignerstartatoppositesidesofthecircleandflowbackwardsandforwardsaroundtherimastheirconsciousandunconsciousthoughtsconverge.Bothwillalsodrawfromadeepsubconsciousatthebottomofthecircle.Thefinalstageshouldbewhenagreementisreachedatthecentreofthecircle,midwaybetweenclientanddesigner.ThisdiagramepitomisedhisrelationshipwiththeTrees(andwithStanleySeegeratSuttonPlacewherehisinitialplanswereapprovedwithin10minutes)butalsosuggeststheimportanceofthe“personal”and“collectiveunconscious”.Ifclientanddesignerhavenosharedculturethereislesslikelytobeasuccessfulcollaboration.SuttonPlace

Conclusion

SirGeoffreyJellicoeholdsauniquepositioninmodernBritishlandscapedesign.Comingintopracticeintheperiodafter“TheGreatWar”whentheoldnostrumswerenaturallyreviledhecombinedanappreciationoftheclassicalwithalo