2026年国家司法考试法律英语与法律逻辑题库

2026年国家司法考试法律英语与法律逻辑题库一、法律英语翻译题（共5题，每题3分，总分15分）1.TranslatethefollowinglegalEnglishpassageintoChinese:"TheStatuteofFraudsrequiresthatcertaintypesofcontractsmustbeinwritingtobeenforceable.Forexample,contractsforthesaleofland,contractsthatcannotbeperformedwithinoneyear,andcontractsinvolvingthetransferofinterestsinrealpropertymustbedocumentedinwriting.Failuretocomplywiththisrequirementmayresultinthecontractbeingdeemedvoid."2.TranslatethefollowinglegalEnglishclauseintoChinese:"ThisAgreementshallbegovernedbyandconstruedinaccordancewiththelawsofthePeople'sRepublicofChina.AnydisputearisingoutoforinconnectionwiththisAgreementshallberesolvedbyarbitrationinaccordancewiththeRulesofArbitrationoftheChinaInternationalEconomicandTradeCourt."3.TranslatethefollowinglegalEnglishsentenceintoChinese:"Whereapartytoacontractfailstofulfillitsobligations,thenon-breachingpartyshallbeentitledtoclaimdamages,includingdirectlossesandreasonableexpensesincurredasaresultofthebreach."4.TranslatethefollowinglegalEnglishprovisionintoChinese:"Theindemnityclausestipulatesthatthesellershallcompensatethebuyerforanylossescausedbytheseller'sbreachofwarranty,providedthatsuchlossesaredirectlyattributabletothebreachandwereforeseeableatthetimethecontractwasenteredinto."5.TranslatethefollowinglegalEnglishsentenceintoChinese:"Thedoctrineofpromissoryestoppelpreventsapartyfromenforcingapromisethatwasmadeincircumstanceswheretheotherpartyreasonablyreliedonthepromisetotheirdetriment."二、法律英语阅读理解题（共5题，每题2分，总分10分）1.ReadthefollowinglegalEnglishpassageandanswerthequestion:"Undertheprincipleofultravires,acorporationcannotenterintocontractsortakeactionsthatexceeditspowersasauthorizedbyitsarticlesofincorporationorbylaw.However,thedoctrineofimpliedpowersallowscorporationstoengageinactivitiesthatarereasonablynecessarytoachievethepurposesstatedintheirarticlesofincorporation,evenifsuchactivitiesarenotexplicitlylisted."Question:Whatisthesignificanceofthedoctrineofimpliedpowersincorporatelaw?A.Itlimitsthecorporation'sabilitytoactbeyonditsstatedpowers.B.Itallowscorporationstoexpandtheiractivitiesbeyondtheirformalauthorization.C.Itrequirescorporationstoobtaingovernmentapprovalforallnewactions.D.Itappliesonlytofor-profitcorporations,notnon-profitentities.2.ReadthefollowinglegalEnglishpassageandanswerthequestion:"Theprincipleofcontraproferentemstatesthatifacontracttermisambiguousandunclear,itshallbeconstruedagainstthepartywhodraftedthecontract.Thisruleisdesignedtoprotectthepartywhomayhavehadtheopportunitytoclarifythetermbutfailedtodoso."Question:Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthepurposeofthecontraproferentemrule?A.Toprioritizetheinterestsofthepartywithsuperiorbargainingpower.B.Toensurefairnessbyburdeningthedrafterofthecontract.C.Toautomaticallyinvalidateambiguouscontractterms.D.Torequirecourtstoresolvedisputesthrougharbitration.3.ReadthefollowinglegalEnglishpassageandanswerthequestion:"Thedoctrineofestoppelinpaispreventsapartyfromassertingaclaimordefensethatcontradictsarepresentationorpromisemadeinthepast,wheretheotherpartyreasonablyreliedonthatrepresentationtotheirdetriment.Thisdoctrineisparticularlyrelevantincasesinvolvingfraudulentmisrepresentationsorundueinfluence."Question:Whenwouldthedoctrineofestoppelinpaismostlikelybeapplied?A.Incaseswherebothpartiesareactinginbadfaith.B.Whenacontracttermisunclearbutnotambiguous.C.Iftheotherpartydidnotrelyontherepresentationtotheirdetriment.D.Insituationsinvolvingunintentionalmistakesorerrors.4.ReadthefollowinglegalEnglishpassageandanswerthequestion:"Theprincipleofresjudicata(claimpreclusion)preventsapartyfromlitigatingthesameclaimorcontroversyincourtmorethanonce,providedthattheclaimwaspreviouslydecidedbyacompetentcourtwithproperjurisdiction.Thisrulepromotesjudicialefficiencyandpreventsharassmentbyrepetitivelitigation."Question:Whatistheprimarypurposeoftheresjudicatadoctrine?A.Tolimitthejurisdictionofcourtsincertaindisputes.B.Toensurethatpartiescannotappealafinalcourtdecision.C.Topreventthere-litigationofsettledclaims.D.Torequirecourtstohearalltypesofcaseswithoutexception.5.ReadthefollowinglegalEnglishpassageandanswerthequestion:"Theruleofcertiorariisalegalmechanismbywhichahighercourtmayreviewthedecisionofalowercourtandorderittobeclarifiedoroverturnedifthelowercourtexceededitsjurisdictionorappliedthelawincorrectly.Thisruleisparticularlyimportantinappellateproceedings,wherethehighercourtensurestheuniformapplicationoflaw."Question:Whatdoestheruleofcertiorariprimarilyserve?A.Tograntcourtsthepowertoissuerestrainingorders.B.Toreviewandcorrecterrorsinlowercourtdecisions.C.Topreventhighercourtsfrominterveninginlegaldisputes.D.Torequirepartiestoprovideadditionalevidenceincourt.三、法律逻辑判断题（共5题，每题2分，总分10分）1.Premise1:Ifacontractisvalid,thenitmustbeinwriting.Premise2:Thecontractinquestionwasnotinwriting.Conclusion:Therefore,thecontractisinvalid.Question:Istheconclusionlogicallyvalid?A.Yes,becausethepremisessupporttheconclusion.B.No,becausetheconclusionassumesknowledgenotprovidedinthepremises.C.Yes,becausethepremisesareself-evident.D.No,becausetheconclusioncontradictslegalprinciples.2.Premise1:Allemployeeswhoworkovertimeareentitledtoovertimepay.Premise2:Johndidnotreceiveovertimepay.Conclusion:Therefore,Johndidnotworkovertime.Question:Istheconclusionlogicallyvalid?A.Yes,becausethepremisesareconsistent.B.No,becausetheconclusionassumesafalsedilemma.C.Yes,becausethepremisesaremutuallyexclusive.D.No,becausetheconclusiondoesnotfollowfromthepremises.3.Premise1:Ifapersonisguilty,thentheywillbeconvicted.Premise2:Thepersonwasnotconvicted.Conclusion:Therefore,thepersonisnotguilty.Question:Istheconclusionlogicallyvalid?A.Yes,becausethepremisesareabsolute.B.No,becausetheconclusionassumestheabsenceofguiltimpliesinnocence.C.Yes,becausethepremisesarelogicallysound.D.No,becausetheconclusionignoresalternativepossibilities.4.Premise1:Onlylicensedlawyerscanrepresentclientsincourt.Premise2:Maryisrepresentingherclientincourt.Conclusion:Therefore,Maryisalicensedlawyer.Question:Istheconclusionlogicallyvalid?A.Yes,becausethepremisessupporttheconclusion.B.No,becausetheconclusionassumesMaryhasalicensewithoutproof.C.Yes,becausethepremisesareclear.D.No,becausetheconclusionreliesonacircularargument.5.Premise1:Ifacontractisenforceable,thenitmustmeetalllegalrequirements.Premise2:Thecontractinquestionmetalllegalrequirements.Conclusion:Therefore,thecontractisenforceable.Question:Istheconclusionlogicallyvalid?A.Yes,becausethepremisesareconclusive.B.No,becausetheconclusionassumesenforceabilitywithoutconsiderationofotherfactors.C.Yes,becausethepremisesaremutuallyreinforcing.D.No,becausetheconclusionignorespotentialexceptions.四、法律英语案例分析题（共3题，每题5分，总分15分）1.CaseScenario:Acompany,"TechSolutionsInc.,"enteredintoacontractwith"GlobalServicesLtd."todevelopasoftwaresystem.ThecontractstipulatedthatthesoftwaremustbedeliveredbyDecember31,2025,andthatGlobalServicesLtd.wouldpay80%ofthecontractpriceupfront.However,duetodelaysinreceivingnecessaryhardwarecomponentsfromathirdparty,thesoftwarewasnotdelivereduntilJanuary15,2026.TechSolutionsInc.claimedthatGlobalServicesLtd.wasresponsibleforthedelayanddemandedareductioninthecontractprice.Question:Basedontheprincipleofforcemajeure,canTechSolutionsInc.successfullyclaimareductioninthecontractprice?Explainyourreasoning.2.CaseScenario:Alice,arealestateagent,representedabuyer,Bob,inthepurchaseofaproperty.Duringthenegotiations,AlicedisclosedconfidentialinformationaboutBob'sofferpricetotheseller,"RealEstateDevelopersCorp."BoblaterdiscoveredthisdisclosureandfiledalawsuitagainstAlice,allegingbreachofconfidentiality.AlicearguedthatheractionswerewithinthescopeofherdutiesasarealestateagentundertheDutyofLoyalty.Question:CanAlicesuccessfullydefendheractionsbasedontheDutyofLoyalty?Explainyourreasoning.3.CaseScenario:Apharmaceuticalcompany,"MedicorePharma,"enteredintoalicensingagreementwith"BioTechInc."todevelopanewdrug.TheagreementincludedaclausestatingthatMedicorePharmawouldreceive70%oftheprofitsfromthedrug'ssales,providedthatthedrugwasapprovedbytheFoodandDrugAdministration(FDA).However,duetounforeseensideeffects,theFDArejectedthedrug,andMedicorePharmasoughttoterminatetheagreement,claimingthattheFDArejectionconstitutedaforcemajeureevent.Question:CanMedicorePharmasuccessfullyterminatetheagreementbasedontheFDArejection?Explainyourreasoning.答案与解析一、法律英语翻译题1.答案：《法典》要求某些类型的合同必须以书面形式订立才能具有约束力。例如，土地出售合同、在一年内无法履行的合同以及涉及不动产权益转让的合同必须以书面形式记录。如果未能遵守这一要求，该合同可能被视为无效。解析：翻译准确传达了"StatuteofFrauds"的核心要求及其法律后果。2.答案：本协议受中华人民共和国法律管辖，并应根据其进行解释。因本协议引起或与之相关的任何争议应由中国国际经济贸易仲裁委员会根据其仲