Unit1SectionAGrammarFocus课件人教版英语八年级下册

TimetoRelaxSectionAGrammarFocusUNIT

1学习目标通过本节课的学习，同学们能够:1.精准识别不定式作宾语补足语、状语的用法,熟练运用含不定式的短语动词,准确完成对话、语篇填空,构建扎实的语法知识体系。2.通过“判断-填空-语篇”阶梯练习,自主发现不定式用法规律,提升自主学习能力;借助小组讨论核对答案、交流思路,强化合作学习意识。3.结合“休闲活动”语境,用不定式清晰表达目的、描述行为,实现语法知识向语言运用的转化,提升英语表达的准确性和丰富性;并基于“休闲活动”语篇,迁移运用不定式创作或讨论新话题,培养思维的灵活性和创新性,实现知识的举一反三。Review

动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征,因此可在句中作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语等。1.作主语:一般位于句首,谓语动词用单数形式。TospeakEnglishwellisn’taneasyjob.说好英语不是一件容易的事。为了避免句子“头重脚轻”,结构为:It+be+adj.+(for/ofsb.)+动词不定式。往往用it代替不定式作形式主语,真正的主语是后面的不定式。例:It’sveryimportanttokeephealthy.保持健康是很重要的。注意:在kind,good,nice,clever等表示人的品质的形容词后,不用for而用of。例:It’sverykindofyoutohelpme.你帮助我真是太好啦。It’sverycleverofyoutodolikethat.你那样做真是太聪明啦。2.作宾语不定式常出现在一些及物动词后,常接不定式作宾语的动词有:学习需要努力(learn,need,try);

想要选择拒绝(want,choose,refuse);决定开始计划(decide,begin/start,plan);希望记得别忘记

(hope/wish/expect,remember,forget)例:Hedecidedtohelpthehomelesspeople.另一种是“及物动词+疑问词(what,which,who,where,when,how等)+带to的不定式”。例:Hetaughtmehowtousemobilephone.注意：在find,think后跟不定式作宾语时,常用it代替,而将真正的宾语放在句末。例:IfinditeasytoreadEnglisheveryday．用括号内所给词的适当形式填空1.Mybrotherwants________(be)apilot.2.You’llneverlearn_______(ride)abikeifyoudon’tpractice.3.Thestudentsdecided_________(work)outtheproblembythemselves.4.Hevolunteers________(water)theplantswhileI’maway.5.It’snecessaryforus___________(learn)Englishwell.tobetoridetoworktowatertolearnReview

4aReadthesentences.Decideifeachinfinitiveinboldfunctionsasanobjectcomplementoradverbial.Whatdoyoudoinyourfreetime?Iplaytheflutetorelax.Howdidyouspendyourweekend?Iwenttothesportscentretoiceskate.Howdidyougetintopainting?Isawmymotherpaint.Idecidedtogiveitago.Whatdidyourinstructorsay?Shetoldmenottogiveupsoeasily.宾语补足语宾语补足语宾语补足语目的状语

动词不定式由“to＋动词原形”构成,没有人称和数的变化,在句子中不能单独作谓语。也称为非谓语动词,是为了避免简单句中产生两个谓语。动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种,它没有人称和数的变化，在句中不能直接作谓语。动词不定式（infinitive）其基本形式是“to+动词原形”，这里的to没有词义,只是为了构成不定式的一种符号,有时to可以省略。动词不定式的肯定形式是“todosth.”，否定形式是“nottodosth.”。GrammarFocus

定义构成动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，因此可在句中作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、表语和状语等。状语宾语宾语补足语主语表语定语GrammarFocus

用法不定式作作宾语补足语动词不定式作宾语补足语，表示宾语所做的动作。常接带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词主要有:要求允许提议(ask,allow,advise),期望邀请鼓励(expect,invite,encourage),教导告诉想要(teach,tell,want),等待希望愿意(waitfor,wish,wouldlike/love)。例:①MyparentstellmetoworkhardatEnglish.②Lucyaskedhimtoturndowntheradio.③Mothertoldmenottocomehomelate.④I'dlikeyoutomeetmyfamily.注意：1.接不带to的动词不定式作宾补的词有:四看（lookat,see,watch,notice）、三使（let,make,have）二听（hear,listento）、一感觉（feel）。一感(feel)二听(listento,hear)三让(let,make,have)四看(lookat,see,watch,notice),半帮助(help)(即在动词help后面作宾语补足语时,to可有可无)”。例:①Ihearhimsingeverynight.

②Wesawherplaythepianolastnight.③Itmademefeelsad.

④Lethimgo,please.2.help后接动词不定式作补语，to可带可不带。(在主动语态句里省略to,在被动语态里需要补充to）例:①TheycanhelpyoutolearnEnglish.②Usingemailhelpsyouwritequickly.不定式作状语（1）作目的状语动词不定式可表示某一动作或状态的目的,位于句首或句尾。例:Sheraisedhervoicetobeheardbetter．她提高了她的声音,以便听得更好。Hestoppedtohavearest.他停下来休息。强调动词不定式所表示的目的时,可用inorderto或soasto+动词原形,例：Thebusstoppedsoastopickuppassengers.公共汽车停下来以便接乘客。（2）作结果状语强调动作的后续性，常表达意外、失望或相反的结果。Hewokeuponlytofindeverybodygone.他醒来时才发现所有的人都走了。Heisoldenoughtogotoschool.他年龄足够大了，可以去上学了。（3）作原因状语用在在某些表示喜、怒、哀、乐等形容词后。I’mproudtohavetakenpartinthecompetitions.很荣幸参加了这些竞赛。I’mhappytohavefoundmanythingsIcando.很高兴找到了很多我能做的事。【对点练习】一、选择最佳答案1.Ialwaystellmystudents____ontheroadbecauseit’sreallydangerous.A.nottoplayB.toplaynotC.notplayingD.notplay2.—IwillgotoHarbinformysummervacation.Whataboutyou?

—Ihaven’tdecidedwhere____.A.goB.wentC.goingD.togo3.—Ididn’thearyoucomeinjustnow.

—That’sgood.Wetried_____anynoise,A.notmakeB.nottomake C.tomake D.making4.Lucyisshy.Shewouldnotinviteherclassmates_____dancingwithher.A.practiceB.practicesC.practicingD.topractice5.Shewokeupearly____catchthefirstbus?A.becauseofB.inordertoC.accordingtoD.insteadofADBDB二、根据提示完成下列句子。1.Theyhelpedthehomeless_______

(live)acomfortablelifeandthepoorkidstogotoschool.2.Hewantsthestudents_____(eat)well.3.Theteachermadehisstudents_____(come)intothemeetingroomontime.4.Theboywasfree_____(go)whereheliked.5.Nobodytellshimwhat_____(do)next.tolivetoeatcometogotodo4bCompletetheconversationswiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinbrackets.1.A:Thanksforyouradvice!Itmademe________(decide)totryskiing.B:You'rewelcome.Try_________(forget)yourfearsandhavefun!2.A:Mycousinoftenasksme______(fly)kiteswithherwhenit'swindy.B:Thatsoundsfun!I'dlovetowatchyou_____(fly)kitessometime.3.A:Ilovetowatchkungfumovies________(relax).B:Really?WhenIwant________(relax),Iwatchanimalvideos.4.A:Myparentstoldme___________(notpush)myselftoohard.B:Yes,it'simportant___________(notforget)torelaxonceinawhile.decidetoforgettoflyflytorelaxtorelaxnottopushnottoforget4cCompletethepassagewiththeinfinitiveformsoftheverbsinthebox.

Whatdoyouusuallydooutdoors?

(not)comedolistenplayspendstaywatchMytwinbrotherandIlookalike,butwearesodifferent.Ilovesport,andIoftenmeetmyfriends_______footballandtennis.Mybrotherjoinedustoplayfootballonceortwice,buthedecided___________afterthat.Hedoesn'tlikesportverymuch!Instead,helikes______athomeand________movies,_______tomusic,and

chatwithfriendsonline.Ourparentswereworriedabouthimstayinghometoomuch.Theyalsowantedus_________moretimetogetherasafamily.So,nowtheyletus______ourfavouriteactivitiesonSaturdays,butonSundays,wegoonafamilyoutingtogether!toplaynottocometostaytowatchtolistentospenddoSumup

不定式的基本用法口诀:

不定式有标记，to与动词连一起没有人称数变化，动词特点它具有主宾定状表补语，唯独作谓不可以not加上不