高一新人教版必修一 unit1 teenage life 单元知识解析与练习

青春是人生中最美好的年华，而高中生活则是青春画卷中浓墨重彩的一笔。新人教版必修一第一单元以“TeenageLife”为主题，引领同学们探讨高中生活的方方面面，包括学习、社交、兴趣爱好以及所面临的挑战与机遇。本单元不仅能帮助同学们积累相关词汇和句型，更能引导大家思考如何积极面对和规划自己的青少年生活。下面，我们将对本单元的核心知识进行深入解析，并辅以针对性练习，助你夯实基础，提升语言运用能力。一、核心词汇与短语解析词汇是语言学习的基石。本单元出现了许多与青少年生活紧密相关的词汇，我们将重点解析部分高频及易混淆词汇的用法。1.重点动词及动词短语*explore(v.)探索；探究指对未知领域或事物进行系统性的考察或研究，充满好奇心。*例句：Teenagersshouldbeencouragedtoexploretheworldaroundthem.(应该鼓励青少年去探索他们周围的世界。)*拓展：exploration(n.)探索*balance(v.)平衡；(n.)平衡在学习和生活中，“平衡”是一个非常重要的概念。*例句：It’simportanttobalancestudyandrest.(平衡学习和休息很重要。)*例句：Helosthisbalanceandfelloffthebike.(他失去了平衡，从自行车上摔了下来。)*拓展：balanced(adj.)平衡的，均衡的(如balanceddiet均衡饮食)*challenge(n.)挑战；(v.)向……挑战；对……质疑青少年在成长过程中会遇到各种挑战。*例句：Facingchallengesbravelyisasignofmaturity.(勇敢面对挑战是成熟的标志。)*例句：Shechallengedmetoagameofchess.(她向我挑战下一盘棋。)*拓展：challenging(adj.)具有挑战性的*focuson集中精力于；关注学习时需要集中注意力。*例句：Youshouldfocusonyourstudiesinsteadofplayinggamesallday.(你应该专注于学习，而不是整天玩游戏。)*takepartin参加（活动、比赛等）积极参与课外活动对青少年成长有益。*例句：Heoftentakespartinschoolsportsmeetings.(他经常参加学校运动会。)2.重点名词*teenager/teen(n.)青少年本单元的核心话题人物。*例句：Teenagersarefullofenergyandenthusiasm.(青少年充满活力和热情。)*pressure(n.)压力学习压力、同伴压力是青少年常面临的问题。*例句：Toomuchstudypressuremayaffectstudents’health.(过多的学习压力可能会影响学生的健康。)*搭配：underpressure在压力下；putpressureonsb.给某人施加压力*responsibility(n.)责任青少年应学会承担责任。*拓展：responsible(adj.)负责任的*schedule(n.)日程安排；计划表合理规划时间很重要。*例句：Doyouhaveabusyschedulethisweek?(你这周日程安排忙吗？)*拓展：也可作动词，意为“安排，计划”3.重点形容词与副词*curious(adj.)好奇的好奇心是学习的动力之一。*例句：Childrenarenaturallycuriousabouteverythingaroundthem.(孩子们对周围的一切天生好奇。)*拓展：curiosity(n.)好奇心；curiously(adv.)好奇地*independent(adj.)独立的培养独立能力对青少年至关重要。*例句：Weshouldlearntobeindependentandmakeourowndecisions.(我们应该学会独立，自己做决定。)*拓展：independently(adv.)；independence(n.)*confident(adj.)自信的自信的人更容易成功。*拓展：confidence(n.)信心二、核心语法解析本单元的核心语法项目是现在完成时(PresentPerfectTense)。1.构成：主语+have/has+动词的过去分词(V-ed)*肯定句：Ihavefinishedmyhomework.(我已经完成了作业。)*否定句：Shehasn’tarrivedyet.(她还没到。)*一般疑问句：Haveyouseenthismoviebefore?(你以前看过这部电影吗？)肯定回答：Yes,Ihave./No,Ihaven’t.特殊疑问句：Howlonghaveyoulivedhere?(你在这里住了多久了？)2.基本用法：*表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。*例句：Ihavelostmykeys.Ican’tgetintothehouse.(我把钥匙丢了，进不了家。)(过去丢钥匙的动作对现在造成影响)*例句：Shehasalreadyeatenbreakfast.(她已经吃过早饭了。)(过去吃早饭的动作现在已完成)*表示从过去某一时间开始并持续到现在的动作或状态，常与“for+时间段”或“since+时间点/从句”连用。*例句：Wehavelivedinthiscityfortenyears.(我们在这个城市住了十年了。)(从过去开始，持续到现在)*例句：Hehasbeenateachersincehegraduatedfromcollege.(他大学毕业后就一直当老师。)3.现在完成时与一般过去时的区别：*现在完成时：强调动作与现在的联系，即对现在的影响或动作持续到现在。不与表示过去的具体时间状语（如yesterday,lastweek,in2020等）连用。*一般过去时：强调动作发生在过去某个特定时间，与现在没有直接联系。常与表示过去的具体时间状语连用。*例句：Isawhimyesterday.(一般过去时，强调昨天发生的动作)*例句：Ihaveseenhimbefore.(现在完成时，强调“见过”这个经历对现在的影响，即我认识他)三、单元核心话题与表达围绕“TeenageLife”，本单元涉及以下核心话题及相关表达：1.SchoolLife&Study(学校生活与学习)*课程(courses/subjects)：math,English,physics,art,P.E.*学习习惯(studyhabits)：previewlessons,reviewnotes,dohomework,askteachersforhelp*校园设施(schoolfacilities)：classroom,library,laboratory,playground,gym2.ExtracurricularActivities(课外活动)*社团(clubs)：musicclub,dramaclub,sportsclub,readingclub,scienceclub*运动(sports)：playbasketball/football/tennis,goswimming,jogging*兴趣爱好(hobbies)：painting,singing,dancing,playinganinstrument,reading,traveling3.Friendship&Relationships(友谊与人际关系)*getalongwithsb.(与某人相处)*makefriends(交朋友)*helpeachother(互相帮助)*sharehappinessandsadness(分享快乐与悲伤)4.Challenges&Pressure(挑战与压力)*academicpressure(学业压力)*peerpressure(同伴压力)*timemanagement(时间管理)*balancebetweenstudyandplay(劳逸结合)5.Dreams&FuturePlans(梦想与未来规划)*wanttobe/dreamofbeing(想成为/梦想成为)：adoctor,ateacher,ascientist,anartist*plantodosth.(计划做某事)*workhardfor(为……努力)6.Advice&Suggestions(建议与提议)*Youshould/shouldn’t...*Whynot...?/Whydon’tyou...?*It’sagoodideato...*You’dbetter(not)...四、针对性练习I.词汇运用A)根据句意及首字母提示补全单词。1.Asat________,weshouldlearntotakeresponsibilityforouractions.2.Keepingab________dietisgoodforourhealth.3.Manystudentsfeelgreatp________beforeexams.4.Sheisveryc________abouttheoriginoftheuniverse.5.Aftergraduation,hewantstoe________theworldandgainmoreexperience.B)用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1.It’simportantforteenagerstodevelop________(independent)skills.2.Shehasshowngreat________(curious)aboutforeigncultures.3.Facingdifficultieswith________(confident)isthekeytosuccess.4.Weshouldtryourbestto________(balance)workandrest.5.Thisisa________(challenge)task,butIbelievewecanfinishitontime.II.语法巩固(现在完成时)A)用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。1.Mybrother________(learn)Englishforfiveyears.2.They________(notfinish)theirhomeworkyet.3.________youever________(be)toBeijing?4.She________(live)inthistownsinceshewasborn.5.We________(justsee)Mr.Liinthehallway.B)用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空，注意区分现在完成时与一般过去时。1.I________(meet)himintheparkyesterday.(meet)2.I________(meet)himseveraltimes.(meet)3.He________(study)inthisschoolfrom2018to2021.(study)4.He________(study)inthisschoolforthreeyears.(study)5.They________(watch)amovielastnight.(watch)III.句型转换1.Tomhasfinishedhishomework.(改为否定句)Tom________________hishomework.2.Theyhavelivedherefortenyears.(对划线部分提问)________________________they________here?3.Ihavealreadyreadthisbook.(改为一般疑问句，并作否定回答)________you________thisbook________?No,I________.IV.阅读理解阅读下面短文，从每题所给的选项中选出最佳答案。MynameisLisa,andI’mafreshmaninhighschool.Highschoollifeisquitedifferentfromjuniorhigh.Therearemoresubjectsandthehomeworkisheavier.Atfirst,Ifeltalittlestressed.ButIsoonmadesomenewfriendswhohelpedmealot.Weoftenstudytogetherafterclassandshareournotes.Besidesstudying,IjoinedtheschoolmusicclubbecauseIloveplayingthepiano.Wepracticetwiceaweek,andwewillhaveaperformancenextmonth.It’sreallyexciting!Theteachershereareverykindandalwaysreadytohelp.WhenIhaveproblemswithmystudies,Igotoaskthemforadvice.Theyalwaysexplainthingsclearly.Althoughhighschoolisbusy,Ienjoyitverymuch.It’sanewjourney,andI’mlookingforwardtoallthechallengesandopportunities.1.WhatgradeisLisain?A.Juniorhigh.B.SeniorhighGradeOne.C.SeniorhighGradeTwo.2.HowdidLisafeelatfirstabouthighschool?A.Excited.B.Happy.C.Stressed.3.WhydidLisajointhemusicclub?A.Becauseherfriendswereinit.B.Becauseshelikesplayingthepiano.C.Becausetheteacheraskedherto.4.WhatdoLisaandherfriendsoftendoafterclass?A.Playthepiano.B.Studytogether.C.Askteachersforhelp.5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Lisathinkshighschoollifeisthesameasjuniorhigh.B.Lisawillhaveamusicperformancenextmonth.C.Lisaenjoysherhighschoollife.V.书面表达假设你是李华，你的英国笔友Peter来信询问你的高中生活。请你根据以下提示给他回一封邮件，介绍你的高中生活。提示：1.学校环境和设施；2.主要的学习科目；3.你的课外活动或兴趣爱好；4.你对高中生活的感受。要求：80词左右，邮件的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearPeter,I’mgladtoreceiveyouremail.Youaskedaboutmyhighschoollife.Well,it’sbothchallengingandinteresting.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________I’menjoyingmynewschoollifeandI’msureIwilllearnalothere.Yours,LiHua参考答案与解析（部分）I.词汇运用A)1.teenager2.balanced3.pressure4.curious5.exploreB)1.independent2.curiosity3.confidence4.balance5.challengingII.语法巩固A)1.haslearned/haslearnt2.haven’tfinished3.Have,been4.haslived5.havejustseenB)1.met2.