【英语时文阅读】都江堰水利工程

DujiangyanIrrigationSystemNestledonthebanksoftheMinjiangRiverinsouthwestChina'sSichuanProvince,theDujiangyanIrrigationSystemisfarmorethananancientengineeringrelic.Forover2,200years,thisUNESCOWorldHeritageSitehasstoodasatestamenttohowhumaningenuitycanworkinharmonywithnature-aprinciplestillshapingmillionsoflivestoday.ConstructedintheWarringStatesPeriod（战国时期）byLiBing,thengovernorofShuPrefecture（蜀郡）,andhisson,thesystemtamedtheMinjiangRiver,whichoncebroughtdevastatingfloodstothefertileChengduPlain.Unlikemodernconcretedams,itreliesonthreecorecomponentsworkinginperfectharmonytoregulatewaterflowwithprecision.TheYuzui（FishMouthLevee鱼嘴分水堤）,aV-shapeddividingstructure,splitstheriverintotwochannels.Indryseasons,60percentofthewaterirrigatesfarmlandviatheinnerchannel;inrainyseasons,theratioreverses,sendingmostwaterandsediment（沉积物）downstreamtopreventfloods.Downstream,theFeishayan（FlyingSandWeir飞沙堰）,anangledspillway,usesswirlingcurrents（漩涡水流）toflush75percentoftheriver'ssedimentintotheouterchannel,solvingtheage-oldproblemofsedimentbuildup.CompletingthetrioistheBaopingkou（Bottle-NeckChannel）（宝瓶口）,acarefullyproportionedartificialgorge（人工峡谷）thatactsasanaturalsluicegate,filteringoutdebriswhileensuringasteadywatersupplyforcropsyear-round.Thesystemturnedaflood-proneregionintoSichuan's"LandofAbundance（天府之国）".Today,itirrigatesover1.1millionhectares（公顷）offarmlandandbenefits30millionpeople.Moderntechnologieslikedigitaltwinsystems（数字李生系统）havebeenaddedtooptimizeitsefficiency,bridgingancientwisdomandcutting-edgeinnovation.DujiangyanembodiestheChinesephilosophy（哲学思想）oflivinginbalancewithnature.Itremindsusthattrueprogressdoesnothavetocomeatthecostoftheenvironment.阅读理解1.WhatisthemainpurposeoftheDujiangyanIrrigationSystem?A.TodisplaytheadvancedtechnologyoftheWarringStatesPeriodB.TomaketheMinjiangRiveralandmarkofSichuanProvinceC.ToregulatewaterflowandpreventfloodsforirrigationD.Toshowtheadvancedtechnologyofmodernconcretedams2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTacorecomponentofDujiangyan?A.FishMouthLeveeB.FlyingSandWeirC.Bottle-NeckChannelD.Digitaltwinsystem3.HowdoestheYuzuiadjustthewaterdistributionindifferentseasons?A.ItfiltersfromthewaterinthemainchannelB.Itsends60%ofthewatertofarmlandindryseasonsandmostwaterdownstreaminrainyseasonsC.ItusesswirlingcurrentstoflushsedimentintotheouterchannelD.Itactsasanaturalsluicegatetocontrolthewatersupply4.WhatcanwelearnabouttheFeishayanfromthepassage?A.ItisaV-shapedstructurethatsplitstheriverB.ItisanartificialgorgethatfiltersoutdebrisC.ItsolvesthesedimentbuildupproblemwithswirlingcurrentsD.Itregulatesthewaterratiobetweentheinnerandouterchannels5.Theunderlinedword"ingenuity"inParagraph1probablymeans.A.wisdomB.powerC.courageD.wealth完形填空TheDujiangyanIrrigationSystem,aworld-famousprojectwithover2,200yearsofhistory,stillshineswithmoderncharmtoday.BuiltbyLiBingandhissonduring theWarringStatesPeriod,itonceturnedtheflood-proneChengduPlainintoa"LandofAbundance"andcontinuesto1millionsofpeoplewithsteadywatersupply.WhatmakesDujiangyansospecialisitsharmonywithnature.Insteadofbuildingahugedam,itusesthreecorecomponentstocontrolwater2through"followingthenaturaltrend".In2024,whenabigfloodhittheMinjiangRiver,the3digitaltwinsystemhelpedpredictandguidewaterflow,showingthepoweroftechnology.Thisancientprojectnowcoversanirrigationareaof1164.7millionmu,4itthelargestirrigationareainChina.Goodnewscamein2025:waterfromDujiangyanwill5reachsouthernSichuanforthefirsttime,bringinghopetothedryregion.Toprotectthisculturalheritage,workersusemoderntechnologyto6theproject.Theyhavebuiltsmartmonitoringsystemstokeepaneyeontheancientstructuresandpreventdamage.The7of"workinginharmonywithnature"fromDujiangyanstillgivesvaluable8totheworldtoday.Everyyear,thetraditional"WaterReleaseFestival"isheldtocelebratetheproject'sbenefits.Withthecombinationofancientwisdomandmoderninnovation,Dujiangyanprovesthattrueprogressdoesn'thavetocomeatthe9oftheenvironment.Itremainsan10exampleofhowhumaningenuitycancoexistwithnature.1.A.helpB.changeC.challengeD.support2.A.safelyB.suddenlyC.smoothlyD.carelessly3.A.ancientB.advancedC.modernD.simple4.A.makingB.callingC.namingD.keeping5.A.alreadyB.yetC.neverD.finally6.A.destroyB.preserveC.designD.finish7.A.philosophyB.storyC.ideaD.plan8.A.moneyB.experienceC.adviceD.space9.A.costB.riskC.priceD.value10.A.boringB.amazingC.ordinaryD.typical阅读理解1.C解析：文章提到都江堰“tamedtheMinjiangRiver（治理岷江）”“preventfloods（防洪）”“ensureasteadywatersupplyforcrops（保障灌溉用水）ℽ,核心功能是调节水流、防洪灌溉。A“展示战国时期的先进技术”、B“使岷江成为四川地标”、D“展示现代混凝土大坝技术”均非主要目的，故选C。Baopingkou（宝瓶口）ℽ,D“数字孪生系统”是现代添加的优化技术，并非核心组件，故选D。3.B解析：根据“Indryseasons,60percentofthewaterirrigatesfarmlandviatheinnerchannel;inrainyseasons,theratioreverses,sendingmostwaterandsedimentdownstreamtopreventfloods”（枯水期60%水流灌溉农田，汛期大部分水流向下游防洪A“过滤主河道水流”、C“用漩涡冲沙”、D“作为天然水闸”均是其他组件的功能，故选B。4.C解析：关于飞沙堰，原文提到“usesswirlingcurrentstoflush75percentoftheriver'ssedimentintotheouterchannel,solvingtheage-oldproblemofsedimentbuildup”（用漩涡水流将75%的泥沙冲入外江，解决泥沙淤积问题）。A“V形分水结构”是鱼嘴的特征，B“人工峡谷过滤杂物”是宝瓶口的功能，D“调节内外江水量比例”是鱼嘴的功能，故选C。5.A解析：“ingenuity”结合上下文，指人类利用自然、治理水利的“智慧”，与后文“ancientwisdom”呼应。power“力量”，courage“勇气”，wealth“财富”均不符合语境，故选A。完形填空1.D解析：都江堰持续为数百万人“提供”稳定的水源。help“帮助”，change“改变”，challenge“挑战”均不如support（支撑，提供）契合“水利工程供水”的语境，故选D。2.C解析：都江堰通过“顺势而为”让水流“顺畅”调控。safely“安全地”（侧重无危险suddenly“突然地”，carelessly“粗心地”均不符合“水利调控”的核心需求，故选C。3.C解析：“digitaltwinsystem（数字孪生系统）”是“现代”技术，与“古代工程”形成对比。ancient“古代的”，a