2026人教版八年级英语下册Unit 1Section A 1a-3b寒假预习讲义（含练习题及答案）

人教版（2026）八年级下册英语UnitISectionAla-3b寒假预习讲义

（含练习题及答案）

一、单词巩固

1.calligraphyn.书法—练习书法（词组）do/practicecalligraphy

2.skiv.滑雪-一去滑雪（词组）goskiing

3.programv.编写程序；n.程序---过去式programmed计戈U/安排做某事（词组）program

todosth--n.编程programming--n.程序员programmer

4.expressv.表达，表示；n.特快列车，快递服务—n.表情，表达方式expression

5.instructorn.教练，指导者---adj.有教育意义的instructive=cducational---n.指示；

命令instruction--v.指导，指示，命令instruct

6.scaredadj.害怕的：对…惊慌的（修饰人）---害怕：恐惧（做某事）（词组）bescared

todo/ofdoing-adj.吓人的scary（修饰物）—v.使害怕scare

7.fearn/v.害怕，担忧—害怕（词组）infearof—害怕做某事（词组）feardoing/to

do

8.getover克服（困难）；解决（问题）—get变过去式got

get常见词组：起床getup;从…中出来；摆脱getoutof;下车getoff;上车get

on;进入；开始getinto;挡路，妨碍getinthewayof

9.upto正在做；由某人决定；达到（某数量，程度等），至多有-一活到…岁（词组）live

upto…yearsold-由某人决定去做某事（词经）beuptosbtodosth

10.poemn.诗--诗人n.poet---诗歌n.poetry

11.singleadj.单个的；单身的;n.单程票;单人间

12.stroken.笔画;击球---单个笔画（词组）singlestroke

13.giveup放弃give过去式gave

give词组：捐赠giveaway;分发giveout=handout;屈服givein发出（光、热、气

味等）giveoff;归还giveback

14.inkn.墨水

15.returnv/n.回来,归还—回到某地（词组）returntosp=gobacktosp---把某物归

还给某人（词组）returnsthtosb=givesthbacktosb--作为回报（词组）inreturn

16.dealn.交易，协议；v.对付—过去式dealt—处理，应对（词组）dealwith（how提

问）=dowith（what提问）

17.managev.完成（困难的事）；管理--管理n.management---管理者n.manager---设法

做成某事（词组）managetodosth

二、课文回顾

1.Whatareyouupto?你在做什么？

【用法详解】”Whatareyouupto?"是口语中常用的句子，意为“你在忙什么？/你在做什么？“，相当于"What

arcyoudoing?"<>

【拓展应用】upto:1.正在做；2.由某人决定；3.到达某种程度/数量

例：It'suptoyoutochoosewhichoneweshouldbuy.由你来决定我们该买哪个。

Thepopulationofthecityisupto2,000,000.这个城市的人。达到了200万《,

2.Mygrandmothertaughtmehowtowriteit.我的祖母教我如何写它。

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【用法详解】□重点：teachsb.（how）todosth.表示“教某人（如何）做某事”。

teach的过去式为taughto

【拓展应用】teachsbsth=teachsthtosb教某人某事

teachsbaboutsth教某人关于某事

teachv.教---teachern.教师

3.Ispenthourspractisingsinglestrokes.我花了数小时练习基本笔画。

【用法详解】口重点：spend+时间+（in）doingsth.表示“花费时间做某事”。

practise为动词，后接动词-ing形式,即practisedoingsth.（练习做某事）。

【易混辨析】spend,pay,cost与take

sb.spend+时间/金钱onsth./（in）doingsth.（人作主语）---spent（过去式）

sb.spend+时间withsb.（人作主语）

sb.pay+金钱forsth.（人作主语）一-paid（过去式）

sthcostsb.+金钱（物做主语）…cost（过去式）

Itlakessb.+时间todosth.（It作形式主语）一took（过去式）

4.Healwaysencouragesmenottogiveup.他总是鼓励我不要放弃。

【用法详解】□重点:

encouragesb.todosth.鼓励某人做某事--encouragesb.nottodosth,鼓励某人不要做某事

giveup表示“放弃”，后可接名词或动词-ing形式。若宾语为代词，需放在give和叩之间。

give相关词组：捐赠giveaway;分发giveout二handout;屈服givein发出（光、热、气味等）giveoff;

归还giveback

give过去式：gave

5.NowIdocalIigraphytorelax.现在我写书法是为了放松。

【用法详解】t。relax是动词不定式，在此作目的状语，表示做某事的目的。

relax为动词，其形容词形式为（令人放松的，修饰物）和（感到放松的，修饰人）。

6.Icanteachyoutoplayasonginreturn.我可以教你弹一首歌作为回报。

【用法详解】inreturn是一个固定短语，意为“作为回报；作为交换”，通常放在句末。

【拓展应用】reiurnv/n.回来，归还

returntosp=gobacktosp回到某地

returnsthtosb=givesthbacktosb把某物归还给某人

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三、知识点练习

(一)课内练习

1.单词巩固

AStrokeofCourage

Mycalligraphyinstructorcouldskidownthesteepestslopeswithasmile,yetIwas

alwaysscaredofasinglebrushstroke.Myfearwasnotofmountains,butoftheblack

inkonwhitepaper.EveryWednesday,Iwantedtogiveup.

“Thisisn,taskijump,“shesaidoneday."It'suptoyoutogetoverthefear.

Letthebrushexpressyourfeeling,notyourworry.

Idecidedtodealwithmyfear.Itriedtomanagemyshakyhand.Insteadofapoem,

Iwroteoneword:ubrave."Thistime,Ididn,thatemywork.Acalmreturnedtomy

heart.

Ievenusedaprogramtoprintmywordandframeit.Nowithangsonmywall一not

perfect,butmine.Itremindsmethatcourageisnotaboutbeingunafraid,butabout

continuingthestrokeevenwhenyouare.

短文翻译：

一笔一画的勇气

我的书法老师能笑着滑下最陡的斜坡，而我却总害怕那白纸上的第一笔墨痕。我畏惧的并非高山，

而是白纸上的浓黑。每个星期三，我都想放弃。

“这又不是滑雪跳台，”有一天她说，“你得自己战胜恐惧。让毛笔表达你的感受，而不是你的

忧虑。”

我决意直面恐惧，努力稳住颤抖的手。那天，我没写诗，只写了一个字：“勇”。这一次，我没

有厌恶自己的作晶。一种宁静回到了心中。

我甚至将这幅字扫描打印，装裱起来。如今它挂在我的墙上一一不算完美，但属于我自己。它时

时提醒我：勇气并非毫无畏惧，而是即便心怀忐忑，仍能稳稳落下那一笔。

2.适当形式填空

1)Thebeautifulcalligraphy(cal1igraphy)onthewallwasactuallyamodern

poem(poem).

2)Iwasreallyscared(scare)whenIfirsttriedtoski,butmyinstructor(instruct)

helpedmegetover(getover)thatfear(fear).

3)Ittookhimseveralweekstomanage(manage)toprogram(program)asimplegame.

Heneverthoughtaboutgivingup(giveup).

4)Eachsingle(single)stroke(stroke)inChinesecalligraphyrequiresfocus.You

can'texpress(express)yourfeelingswellifyourush.

5)“Theink(ink)hasdried.Pleasereturn(return)thebrushtome,“theteacher

said,"Let'sdeal(deal)withthenextcharacter.

3.短文填空

Differentpeoplehavedifferenthobbies.Hobbieshelppeople(1)(have)

fun.Somepeoplelovecollecting(收藏).Theyliketocollectsomeinterestingthings.Somepeople

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lovewriting.Theyliketotellstories.Somepeoplelovedancing.Theyliketomovetheirbodies.

MybestfriendLucyenjoys(2)(draw).Shewouldliketobecomeanartist

oneday.EverySundaymorning,shesitsbythewindowwithhercoloredpencils.Shedraws

manythingslikecuterabbits,beautifulflowersandevenourclassroom.

Mydad'shobbyisfishing.Heo代en(3)(go)tothelakenearourhome

atweekends.Mymotherlovesgardening.Itisfullofvegetableplantsinthegarden.Shewaters

(4)(they)everymorning.

MyhobbyisreadingandIam(5)(interest)inreadingstorybooks.Iread

beforebedeverynightIcanlearnalotfromitanditmakesmehappy.

Maybesomepeoplehaveotherhobbies.Whatareyourhobbies?

【答案】(1)have/tohave(2)drawing(3)goes(4)them(5)interested

【解答】

(1)考查动词/动词不定式。句意：爱好有助于人们获得乐趣。helpsbdo/todosth〃帮助某人

做某事〃，故用动词help的原形/不定式tohelpo故填iave/tohave0

(2)考查动名词。句意：我最好的朋友露西喜欢画画。enjoydoingslh〃喜欢做某事〃，故用动词

draw的动名词形式drawingo故填drawing。

(3)考查动词。句意：他经常在周末去我们家附近的湖边。根据前句的is,可知时态为一般现在

时，主语为go,故用动词go的第三人称单数形式goes。故填goes。

(4)考查人称代词宾格。句意：她每天早晨给它们浇水。动词waters后跟they的宾格形式them。

故填them。

(5)考查形容词。句意：我的爱好是阅读，我对阅读故事行很感兴趣。beinterestedindoing

sth"做某事感兴趣〃。故填interestedo

(二)阅读专练

A篇

Newstudentsspendtheirsummervacationdoingmanykindsofthings,butthingsweredifferenttwentyyearsago.

InIhepast,studentsiisuallyspenttheirsummervacationhelpingtheirparentsdohousework.Therewasmorethanone

childinonefamily,sotheolderbrothersorsistersusuallyhadtotakecareoftheyoungerbrothersorsistersbecausetheir

parentshadtogotoworkandhadnotimetolookafterthem.Usually,studentshadalittlehomework,sotheydidn'thave

muchstress.Sonicstudentsinthecountrysideoftenwenttoclimbthemountains,swamorwentfishingwiththeirfriends

duringtheirsummervacation,buttheyhardlyeverwentfaraway.

Thingsaredifferentnow.Studentshavebelterlivingconditionsnow,andtheydon'thavetodomuchhousework.Most

parentsoftentaketheirchildrentovisitsomebigcitiesorgosightseeing.Studentscangotomanyplacesofgreatinterest.

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Theycanalsovisittheirrelativesfarfromthem.Theycaneasilytakeabusorahigh-speedtrainorevenaplane.Mostfamilies

canaffordit.Ithinkstudentstodaycanenjoythemselvesandtheyareluckier.

l.Whatdidstudentsusuallydoduringtheirsummervacationtwentyyearsago?

A.Theywenttravelingtobigcities.B.Theyplayedcomputergamesathome.

C.Theyhelped(heirparentsdohousework.D.Theylookpartinallkindsofcourses.

2.Whydidolderbrothersorsisterstakecareofyoungeronesinthepast?

A.Becauseyoungerchildrenlikedstayingwitholderones.B.Becausetheirparentsweretoobusywithwork.

C.Becauseitwastheruleinthefamily.D.Becauseschoolsaskedthemtodoso.

3.WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?

A.Whatstudents'lifewaslikeinthepast.B.Howstudentsspendsummervacationsnow

C.Whystudentshavetodohouseworktoday.D.Whystudentshavemorestressnow.

4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"afford"mean?

A.Haveenoughmoneytodosomething.B.Beabletomakesomethingbyoneself.

C.Givealotoffoodandmoneytosomeone.D.Hidesomethinginone'sbag.

4.What'sthebesttitleforthistext?

A.TheChangesofStudents'SummerVacationsB.HowtoSpendSummerVacations

C.SummerVacationsintheCountrysideD.ParentsandStudents'SummerVacations

答案与解析：

参考答案：1.C2.B3.B4.A5.A

1.C根据原文第二段第一句thepast,studentsusuallyspenttheirsummervacation

helpingtheirparentsdohousework."可知，二十年前学生通常在暑假帮父母做家务。

2.B原文第二段提到“theirparentshadtogotoworkandhadnotimetolookafter

them〃，说明父母因工作忙碌无法照顾年幼的孩子，因此年长的兄姐承担照顾责任。

3.B第三段主要描述了现在学生如何度过暑假，包括旅行、观光、探亲等，与过去形成对比。

4.A根据上下文“Mostfamiliescanaffordit〃（大多数家庭能够负担得起），可知“afford”

意为“有足够的经济能力做某事”。

5.A全文通过对比过去和现在学生度过暑假的方式，突出其变化，因此最合适的标题是“学生暑假

的变化”。

B篇

LiDongisa12-year-oldboyfromShanghai.Heenjoysplayingmusic.Oneday

whenhewasathome>heheardthedrums.Heranoutofthehouseandsawabandwalkingalongthe

street.Theyplayeddifferentkindsofmusic.LiDonglovedthedrums.Hethought,"It'sfantastic!"

Dayswentby.LiDongstillcouldn'tforgetthedrums.Atschoolhetappedonhisbooks.Atdinner,hetappedon

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thetable.Hisfathersawitanddecidedtodosomethingforhisson.

"Let'sgotothegarage(车库)."Dadsaidoneday."Why?"LiDongasked.Dadsmiled,"Ihaveasurprise

foryou,"DadtookLiDongintothegai'age."Adrumset!"criedLiDong.ItwasDad'solddrumset.DadgaveLiDong

thedrumsticksandtoldhimhowtousethem."Wow!It'swonderful»"someonesaid.LiDonglookedupandsawMum.

Shehadherguitar.Dadhadhisharmonica(口琴)."We'vegotafamilyband.Let'splay!"LiDongsaidwithjoy.

Theyevendancedtothemusic.LiDong'sparentsknewtheirsonwilldobetterinplayingmusicandlearnmorefrom

it.

(1)What'sLiDong'shobby?

A.Drivingacar.B.Playingtheelectricguitar.C.Playingthedrums.D.Makingdrumsets.

(2)LiDong'sfatherdecidedtowhenheknewhisson'shobby.

A.startafamilybandB.makeadrumsetasasurprise

C.givehisdrumsettoLiDongD.teachLiDonghowtoplaymusic

(3)Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?

A.LiDongwantedtojoinaband.B.LiDong'sfathercanplaytheguitar.

C.LiDong'sfamilybandisfamousinShanghai.D.MusicmakesLiDong'sfamilyhappy.

(4)LiDongwillinthefuture.

A.learnmorethroughmusicB.learntoplaymanykindsofmusic

C.havehisownschoolbandD.bcafamousmusician

【答案】CCDA

【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段"LiDonglovedthedrums."（李东喜欢打鼓。）和第二段"LiDongstill

couldn'tforgetihedrums.Atschoolhetappedonhisbooks.Atdinner,hetappedonthetable."（李东仍然无法忘

记鼓声。在学校里，他敲打着书本。吃饭时，他敲了敲桌子。）可知，李东喜欢打鼓。故选C。

（2）细节理解题。根据最后一段"Dadsmiled,'Ihaveasurpriseforyou.'DadtookLiDongintothegarage.'A

drumset!,criedLiDong.ltwasDad'solddrumset."（爸爸笑着说："我有一个惊喜给你。"爸爸把李东带进了车

库。“一套鼓！“李东叫道。那是爸爸的旧架子鼓。）可知，当李东的父亲知道儿子的爱好时，他决定把他的

一套鼓送给李东。故选C。

（3）细节理解题。根据最后一段"WVvcgulafamilyband.Lei'splay!,LiDungsaidwithjoy.Theyevendanced

tothemusic.“（“我们有一个家庭乐队。让我们玩!”李东高兴地说。他们甚至随着音乐跳舞。）可知，音乐让

李东一家人很开心。故选D。

（4）细节理解题。根据最后一段"LiDong'sparentsknewtheirsonwilldobetterinplayingmusicandlearnmore

fromit."（李东的父母知道他们的儿子会在演奏音乐方面做得更好，并从中学到更多。）可知，李东将来会

通过音乐学到更多。故选A。

课后作业

在空格中填上适当的单词或括号内单词的适当形式，使文章内容完整正确。

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Somestudentsaretalkingabouttheirvacationlastmonth.Everyonehadagreattime.MarywenttoGuizhouwithher

family.They1.(see)HuangguoshuWaterfall.Itwas2.(wonder)andtheytookquiteafew3.

(photo).Bendidn'tdo4.special.Mostofthetimehejuststayedathometoreadandrelax.Alicewent

toSanyawithhersister5.theydidsomethingfunthere.Itwasher6.(one)timethere,soeverything

wasreallyinteresting.Sheboughtsomegiftsforherparentsand7.(her).Timwenttohisuncle'sfarminthe

countrysidewithhisfamily.They8.(feed)somehensandafterdinnertheywalkedaroundthefarm.Itwas9.

(enjoy),sohedidn'tfeelbored.1(seemsthateverystudenthada10.(better)summervacation.

【解析】

1.saw(TheysawHuangguoshuWaterfall.描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时。)

2.wonderful(Itwaswonderful...”was〃是系动词，后面接形容词作表语。)

3.photos(quiteafew后面接可数名词复数。)

4.anything(Bendidn'tdoanythingspecial.否定句中，用anything表示"任何事"。)

5.an*(AlicewenttoSanyawithhersisterandtheydidsomethingfunthere.连接两个

并列的句子，表示顺承关系。)

6.first(Itwasherfirsttimethere...〃第一次〃用序数词first。)

7.herself(Sheboughtsomegiftsforherparentsandherself.给〃她自己〃买礼物，用反

身代词。)

8.fed(Theyfedsomehens...描述过去发生的动作，feed的过去式是fed。)

9.enjoyable(Itwasenjoyable..."was〃是系动词，后面接形容词作表语。)

10.great(...hadagreatsunmervacation.根据上下文〃Everyonehadagreattime”和

“didn'tfeelbored〃等，这里用great(美好的)最符合语境。better是比较级，这里没有比较对

象，用原级即可。)

任务型读写

Everyonehasahobby.MyhobbyiskeepingadiaryinEnglish.

WhenIwasnineyearsold,IbegantokeepadiaryinEnglish.Atfirst,itwashardforme,butnowitiseasy.

Afterschool»IoftengototheschoollibrarytoreadEnglishstoriesorarticles.SometimesmyEnglishteacherintroduces

someinterestingthingstome.SoIcancollectinformationformydiary.

AfterIfinishmydiaryeveryday，Ialwaystrytocorrectmistakeswiththehelpofthedictionary.NowmyEnglish

isverygood.

1lovemyhobby.KeepingadiaryisoneofthebestwaystolearnEnglishwell.Ithelpsmealot.

(1)Thewriter'shobbyis.

(2)Afterschoolthewriteroftengoestoreadintheschoollibrary.

(3)Sometimesthewriter'sEnglishteacherintroducestothewriter.

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(4)Thewriteralwaystriestowi:hthehelpofthedictionary.

(5)Thewriterthinksthehobbyisoneofthebestwaysto

【答案](1)keepingadiaryinEnglish

(2)Englishstori