英语四级长篇阅读段落信息匹配题练习及答案解析

英语四级长篇阅读段落信息匹配题练习及答案解析（11）JaguarsDon'tLiveHereAnymoreA)Earlierthismonth,theUnitedStatesFishandWildlifeServiceannounceditwouldappoint"criticalhabitat"fortheendangeredjaguar.Jaguars--theworld'sthird-largestwildcats,weighingupto250pounds,withdistinctiveblackrosettes(玫瑰花色)ontheirfur--areaseparatespeciesfromthesmaller,tawny(黄褐色的)mountainlions,whichstillroamlargeareasoftheAmericanWestintheUnitedStatesandtakethefirststepstowardmandating(批准)ajaguarrecoveryplan.Thisisapolicyreversaland,onthesurface,itmayappeartobeavictoryfortheconservationcommunityandforjaguars,thelargestwildcatsintheWesternHemisphere.B)Butassomeonewhohasstudiedjaguarsfornearlythreedecades,Icantellyouitisnothinglessthanaslapinthefacetogoodscience.What'smore,bychangingtherulesforanimalpreservation,itstandstoweakentheEndangeredSpeciesAct.C)Thedebateonwhattodoaboutjaguarsstartedin1997,when,attheurgingofmanybiologists(includingme),theFishandWildlifeServiceputthejaguarontheUnitedStatesendangeredspecieslist,becausetherehadbeenoccasionalsightingsofthecatscrossingnorthovertheUnitedStates-Mexicoborder.Atthesametime,however,theagencyruledthatitwouldnotbe"prudent"(谨慎的)todeclarethatthejaguarhascritical.habitat--ageographicareacontainingfeaturesthespeciesneedstosurvive--intheUnitedStates.Determininganendangeredspecies'criticalhabitatisafirststeptowarddevelopingaplanforhelpingthatspeciesrecover.D)The1997decisionnottodeterminecriticalhabitatforthejaguarwastherightone,becauseeventhoughtheycrosstheborderfromtimetotime,jaguarsdon'toccupyanyterritoryinourcountry--andthatprobablymeanstheenvironmenthereisnolongeridealforthem.E)Inprehistorictimes,thesebeautifulcatsinhabitedsignificantareasofthewesternUnitedStates,butinthepast100years,therehavebeenfew,ifany,residentbreedingpopulationshere.Thelasttimeafemalejaguarwithacub(幼兽)wassightedinthiscountrywasintheearly1900s.F)Twowell-intentionedconservationadvocacygroups,theCenterforBiologicalDiversityandDefendersofWildlife,suedtheFishandWildlifeServicetochangeitsruling.Thusin2006,theagencyreassessedthesituationandagaindeterminedthatnoareasintheUnitedStatesmetthedefinitionofcriticalhabitatforthejaguar.Despiteoccasionalsightings,mostlywithin40milesoftheMexicanborder,therewerestillnodatatoindicatejaguarshadtakenupresidenceinsidetheUnitedStates.G)Afterthissecondrulingwasmade,anArizonarancher(牧场主),withsupportfromthestateGameandFishDepartment,setinfrared-camera(红外摄像机)trapstogathermoredata,andessentiallyconfirmedtheFishandWildlifeService'sfindings.Thecamerasdidcapturetransientjaguars,includingonemalejaguar,nicknamedMacho,B,whoroamedtheArizonaborderlandsformorethanadecade.ButMachoB,nowdead,mighthavebeenthesoleresidentAmericanjaguar,andhisextensivetravelsindicatedhewasnothavinganeasytimesurvivinginthisdry,ruggedregion.H)Despitethecontinuedevidence,thetwoconservationadvocacygroupscontinuedtosuethegovernment.Apparently,theywantjaguarstorepopulatetheUnitedStatesevenifjaguarsdon'twan!to.LastMarch,afederaldistrictjudgeinArizonaorderedtheFishandWildlifeServicetorevisitits2006determinationoncriticalhabitat.I)Thefactshaven'tchanged:thereisstillnoareaintheUnitedStatesessentialtotheconservationofthejaguar.But,havingassertedthistwicealready,theservice,nowunderanewpresident,hasbenttothetiresomelitigation(诉讼).OnJan.12,FishandWildlifeofficials,claimedtohaveevaluatednewscientificinformationthathadbecomeavailableaftertheJuly2006ruling.TheydeterminedthatitisnowprudenttoappointcriticalhabitatforthejaguarintheUnitedStates.J)ThismeansthatFishandWildlifemustnowalsoformulatearecoveryplanforthejaguar.Andsincejaguarshavenotbeenabletoreestablishthemselvesnaturallyoverthepastcentury,thegovernmentwilllikelyhavetogotosignificantexpensetoattempttobringthemback--especiallyifthecatshavetobereintroduced.K)Sowhynotdoeverythingwecan,atwhatevercost,tobringjaguarsbackintotheUnitedStates?Tobeginwith,theAmericanSouthwestis,atbest,marginalhabitatfortheanimals.Moreimportant,therearebetterwaystohelpjaguars.Southofourborder,fromMexicotoArgentina,thousandsofjaguarsliveandbreedintheirtruecriticalhabitat.Governmentsandconservationgroups(includingtheoneIhead)arealreadyworkinghardtoconservejaguarpopulationsandconnectthemtooneanotherthroughaninitiativecalledtheJaguarCorridor.L).ThejaguarsthatnowandthencrossintotheUnitedStatesmostlikelycomefromthenorthernmostpopulationofjaguars,inSonora,Mexico.Ratherthandemandjaguarsreturntoourcountry,weshouldhelpMexicoandotherjaguar-rangecountriesconservetheanimals'truehabitatitM)TherecentmovebytheFishandWildlifeServicemeansthattherarefederalfundsdevotedtoprotectingwildanimalswillbewastedoneffortsthatcannothelpsavejaguars.ItalsostandstoweakentheEndangeredSpeciesAct,becauseifcriticalhabitatisredefinedasanyplacewhereaspeciesmighteverhaveexisted,andwhereyouorImightwantittoexistagain,thenthedoorisopenformanyothersenselesseffortstobringbacklong-lostcreatures.N)TheFishandWildlifeofficialswhosejobistoprotectthecountry'swildanimalsneedtogrowastrongerbackbone--stickwiththeiroriginal,correctdecisionandsavetheirmoneyformoreusefulpreservationwork.Otherwise,whenfundsareneededtopreserveallthosesmall,ugly,non-charismaticendangeredspeciesatthebackoftheline,theremaybenomoneyleft.1.ItisstillafactthatthereisnosuitableplaceforjaguarstolivesafelyintheUnitedStates.2.TheUnitedStatesFishandWildlifeServiceshouldbemoredeterminedandsavingfortheconservationwork.3.JaguarswereregardedasendangeredspeciesbecauseoftheirrareappearanceattheUnitedStates-Mexicoborder.4.MoneywasnotspenteffectivelyinhelpingsavejaguarsintherecentmovebytheFishandWildlifeService.5.ItcanbeinferredthattheUnitedStatesisnotthebestchoiceforjaguarstolivefromtheevidencethattheydon'tsettleanywherehere.6.SouthoftheUnitedStates'border,fromMexicotoArgentina,isthetruecriticalhabitatforjaguars.7.ThenumberofjaguarsbreedingpopulationsinsignificantareasofthewesternUnitedStateshasdeceasedinthepastcentury.8.Itisnecessaryforthegovernmenttoinvestlotsoffundsinordertohelpjaguarstoreestablish.9.Itdidn'tindicatethatjaguarshadsettleddownintheUnitedStateseventhoughtheywereseenwithin40milesoftheMexicanborderattimes.10.FishandWildlifeofficialsweresureenoughtoappointcriticalhabitatforthejaguarintheUnitedStates.1.I)。【题干译文】这仍然是一个事实：在美国没有合适的地方让美洲虎安全地生存。【定位】由题干中的stillafact和nosuitableplace定位到原文I)段第一句：11lefactshaven’tchanged：thereisstillnoareaintheUnitedStatesessentialtotheconservationofthejaguar.【精解】原文中的thefactshaven’tchanged对应题干中的itisstillafact，原文中的noareaintheUnitedStatesessentialtotheconservationofthejaguar对应题干中的nosuitableplaceforjaguarstolivesafelyintheUnitedStates，因此原文定位句和题干是同义转述，故选I)。2.N)。【题干译文】美国鱼类和野生动物服务中心应该更加坚定并且为保护工作节约开支。【定位】由题干中的determinedandsavingfortheconservationwork定位到原文N)段第一句：TheFishandWildLifeofficialswhosejobistoprotectthecountry'swildanimalsneedtogrowastrongerbackbone——stickwiththeiroriginal.correctdecisionandsavetheirmoneyformoreusefulpreservationwork.【精解】定位句表明美国鱼类和野生动物服务中心需要坚持他们最初的正确的决定并且为更为重要的美洲虎保护工作节省资金。题于中的bemoredetermined对应原文中的9rowastrongerbackbone，故选N)。3.C)。【题干译文】由于在美国和墨西哥边境的稀少出现，美洲虎被认为是一种濒危物种。【定位】由题干中的regardedasendangeredspecies定位到原文c)段第一句：…theFishandWildlifeServiceputthejaguarontheUnitedStatesendangeredspecieslist，becausetherehadbeenoccasionalsightingsofthecatscrossingnorthovertheUnitedStates.Mexicoborder.【精解】定位句表明，美国鱼类和野生动物服务中心将美洲虎列到濒危物种名单，因为它们很少出现在美国和墨西哥边境。定位句是主动语态，题于巾是被动语态，但它们是同义转述，故c)为答案。4.M)。【题干译文】美国鱼类和野生动物服务中心在最近行动中并没有将资金有效地利用在保护美洲虎上。【定位】由题干中的intherecentmovebytheFishandWildlifeService定位到原文M)段第一句：TherecentmovebytheFishandWildlifeServicemeansthattherarefederalfundsdevotedtoprotectingwildanimalswillbewastedoneffortsthatcannothelpsavejaguars.【精解】由定位句可知，美国鱼类和野生动物服务中心的最近行动意味着致力于保护野生动物的稀有的联邦资金被浪费了。题干中的notspenteffectively“(资金)没有被有效利用”与此为同义转述，故M)为答案。5.D)。【题干译文】美洲虎并未长期定居在美国境内，通过这一证据可以推断美国并非是它们栖息的最好环境。【定位】由题干中的thebestchoiceforjaguarstolive定位到原文D)段：…jaguarsdon’toccupyanyterritoryinourcountry--andthatprobablymeanstheenvironmenthereisnolongeridealforthem.【精解】题干中的thebestchoice与原文中的ideal属于同义转述，题干中的don’tsettleanywherehere与原文中的don’toccupyanyterritoryinourcountry也属于同义转述，故D)为答案。6.K)。【题干译文】美国边境以南，从墨西哥到阿根廷，是美洲虎真正的危急栖息地。【定位】由题干中的fromMexicotoArgentina定位到原文K)段第四句：Southofourborder.fromMexicotoArgentina，thousandsofjaguarsliveandbreedintheirtruecriticalhabitat.【精解】题干中的fromMexicotoArgentina和原文中的一样，原文意思是美洲虎在这些地点繁衍生息，也就是它们真正的危急栖息地，故K)为答案。7.E)。【题干译文】在美国西部的重要区域繁衍生息的美洲虎的数目在近一个世纪以来减少了。【定位】由题干中的breedingpopulations定位到原文E)段第一句：Inprehistorictimes.thesebeautifulcatsinhabitedsignificantareasofthewesternUnitedStates，butinthepastl00years。therehavebeenfew，ifany，residentbreedingpopulationshere.【精解】定位句表明，在史前时代，美洲虎尚且栖息在美国西部的重要区域，而在近一百年间，却寥寥无几。由此可知，在美国西部的重要区域繁衍生息的美洲虎的数目减少了，故E)为答案。8.J)。【题干译文】政府很有必要投入资金来帮助美洲虎重建柄息地。【定位】由题干中的helpjaguarstoreestablish定位到原文J)段第二句：Andsincejaguarshavenotbeenabletoreestablishthemselvesnaturallyoverthepastcentury，thegover