高考英语一轮（新课标）训练检测：阅读理解之新闻时事类（含解析）

考点二十二新闻时事类

第7步

4刷基础•刷经典►

A

限时12分钟

ArobotcalledBina48hassuccessfullytakenacourseinthephilosophyofloveat

NotreDamedeNamurUniversity(NDNU),inCalifornia.

AccordingtothecourseinstructorWilliamBarry,associateprofessoratNDNU,

Bina48istheworld'sfirstsociallyadvancedrobottocompleteacollegecourse,afeat

hedescribedas“remarkable”.Therobottookpartinclassdiscussions,gavea

presentationwithastudentpartnerandparticipatedinadebatewithstudentsfrom

anotherinstitution.

Beforebecomingastudent,Bina48appearedasaguestspeakerinBarry'sclasses

forseveralyears.OnedaywhenaddressingBarry'sclass,Bina48expressedadesireto

gotocollege,whichwasenthusiasticallysupportedbyBarryandhisstudents.Rather

thanenrollBina48inhisRobotEthics:PhilosophyofEmergingTechnologiescourse,

BarrysuggestedthatBina48shouldtakehiscoursePhilosophyofLoveinstead.Love

isaconceptBina48doesn*tunderstand,saidBarry.Thereforethechallengewould

beforBarryandhisstudentstoteachBina48whatloveis.

“Someinterestingthingshappenedintheclass,saidBarry."Hesaidthathis

studentsthoughtitwouldbestraightforwardtoteachBina48aboutlove,which,afterall,

isfairlysimple-it'safeeling,J“saidBarry.Buttherealitywasdifferent."Bina48

endeduplearning'31differentversionsoflove,'"saidBarry,highlightingsomeof

thechallengeshumansmayfacewhenworkingartificialintelligenceinfuture.

Bina48participatedinclassdiscussionsviaSkypeandalsotookpartinaclass

debateaboutloveandconflictwithstudentsfromWestPoint.Bina48rscontributionto

thedebatewasfilmedandpostedonYouTube.ItwasjudgedthatBina48andNDNU

classmateswerethewinnersofthisdebate.

Inthenextdecade,BarryhopesBina48mightbecomecomplexenoughtoteacha

class,thoughhesaysheforeseesrobotsbeingusedtobettertheteachingandlearning

experience,ratherthanreplacinginstructorscompletely.

;篇章导读：本文是一篇新闻报道。机器人Bina48成功地；

:完成爱的哲学这门课程。Bina48参加讨论.作报告，参与:

［辩论，在课堂上的表现堪称是非凡的。它的表现展示了，

，人工智能或许在某种程度上比人类更聪明，未来它被希;

，望能促进教学和学习；；

1.WhatwasBina48'sperformancelikeinclass?

A.Extraordinary.B.Insignificant.

C.Farreaching.D.Unattractive.

答案：A推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Bina48istheworld'sfirstsocially

advancedrobot…inadebatewithstudentsfromanotherinstitution”可知，Bina48

在课堂上参与科论，与伙伴一起作报告，参与辩论，其表现被描绘成“卓越的工

因此推断它的表现是非凡的。故选A。

2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“addressing“inParagraph3probablymean?

A.Dealingwith.B.Consultingwith.

C.Givingaspeechto.D.Sendingaletterto.

答案：C词义猜测题。根据第三段第一句"Beforebecomingasludent,Bina48

appearedasaguestspeakerinBarry'sclassestorseveralyears.”可知，在做学生之前,

Bina48在Barry的课堂上担任特邀演讲人好几年，因此推断它经常演讲，故画线词

所在句句意：一天当Bina48在Barry的课堂上演讲时，它表达了想要上大学的愿

望，Barry和他的学生热情地支持它的这个愿望。故画线词词义与C项“作演讲”

意义相近。故选C。

3.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.ItwasinterestingforBina48tolearnaboutlove.

B.ItwasquitetoughforBina48tolearnaboutlove.

C.Artificialintelligencemaysomehowbesuperiortoman.

D.Humanscanlaunchachallengetoartificialintelligence.

答案:C推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“Bina48endeduplearning'31

differentversionsoflove,'saidBarry,highlightingsomeofthechallengeshumans

mayfacewhenworkingartificialintelligenceinfuture.”可知,Bina48最终学习了31

种不同版本的爱，这突出显示了人类未来可能会面临人工智能的挑战。因此推断

人工智能或许在某种程度上比人类高级。故选C。

4.WhatdoesBarrythinkofthefuturedevelopmentofBina48?

A.Itwillsurelybeabletoserveasateacher.

B.Itwillbeabletopromotelearningandteaching.

C.Itwillcompletelytaketheplaceofinstructors.

D.Itwillbesmartenoughtocontrolhumanbeings.

答案：B推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可知，Barry认为未来Bina48可

能会变得足够复杂，可以教授课程，他预计机器人将被更好地用于教学和学习，

而不是完全取代教师。因此推断他认为Bina48在未来能够促进学习和教学。故选

Bo

B

限时8分钟

LONDON(Reuters)—Organicfruit,deliveredrighttothedoorstep.Thatiswhat

GabrielGoldprefers,andheiswillingtopayforit.Ifthisisnotpossible,the26year-

oldcomputertechnicianwillspendtheextramoneyatthesupermarkettobuyorganic

food.

uOrganicproduceisalwaysbetter,MGoldsaid."Thefoodisfreeofpesticides

(农药)，andyouaregenerallysupportingfamilyfarmsinsteadoflargefarms.And

moreoftenthannot,itislocallygrownandseasonal,soitismoretasty.nGoldisone

ofagrowingnumberofshoppersbuyingintotheorganictrend.andsupermarkets

acrossBritainarecountingonmorelikehimastheygrowtheirorganicfood

business.Buthowmanyshoppersreallyknowwhattheyaregetting,andwhyarethey

willingtopayahigherpricefororganicproduce?MarketresearchshowsthatGoldand

otherswhobuyorganicfoodcangenerallygiveclearreasonsfortheirpreferences一but

theirknowledgeoforganicfoodisfarfromcomplete.Forexample,smallamountsof

pesticidescanbeusedonorganicproducts.Andaboutthreequartersoforganicfoodin

Britainisnotlocalbutimportedtomeetgrowingdemand."Thedemandfororganic

foodisincreasingbyaboutonethirdeveryyear,soitisaveryfastgrowingmarket,M

saidSueFlock,aspecialistinthislineofbusiness.

;篇章导读：本文是一篇新闻报道。越来越多的英国人买：

:有机农产品.是因为他们认为这样的食物没有污染.随后:

:介绍了有机农产品背后一些鲜为人知的事实。:

5.MoreandmorepeopleinBritainarebuyingorganicfoodbecause.

A.theyconsiderthefoodfreeofpollution

B.theycangetthefoodanywhere

C.theyaregettingricher

D.theylikehomegrownfruit

答案：A推理判断题。根据第二段开头Gold所说的“Organicproduceisalways

better,...seasonal,soitismoretasty.”可知，有机农产品总是更好的，这种食物

中没存农药，而Gold代表了现在英国人购买有机衣产品的趋势。所以我们能判断

出越来越多的英国人买有机农产品是因为他们认为这种农产品没有污染。

6.WhatcanweknowaboutmostorganicproducesoldinBritain?

A.Itgrowsindoorsallyearround.

B.Itisgrownonfamilyfarms.

C.ItisproducedoutsideBritain.

D.Itisproducedonlargefarms.

答案：C细节理解题。根据文章第二段倒数第二句可知，英国市场上销售的

约3/4的有机农产品不是在英国本地生产的，故选C。

7.Whatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedwords“theorganictrend“inParagraph

2?

A.Higherpricesoforganicfood.

B.Betterqualityoforganicfood.

C.Risingmarketoforganicfood.

D.Growinginterestinorganicfood.

答案：D推理判断题。根据第二段第四句中的“Goldisoneofagrowing

numberofshoppersbuyingintoiheorganicirend"中的"agrowingnumberof1'可推

知，“iheorganicirend”的意思是对有机农产品越来越浓厚的兴趣，故选D。

c

限时7分钟

Amanisinaseriousconditionafterbeingbittenbyasharkinnorthern

NSW.The52yearoldEvansHeadman,namedinmediareportsasCraigIson,is

undergoingsurgeryaftersufferinginjuriestohislegsandhandswhenthesharkattacked

himataround6amonFriday.

DetectiveInspectorCamcronLindsaytoldreportersinBallinathequickthinking

ofanothersurferandbeachwalkerswhostemmedtheflowofbloodmayhavesaved

Ison'slife.

Twosurfersinitiallyhelpedhim,usingtowelsandtourniquetsuntilemergency

servicesanivedatthebeach.

LindsaysaidIsonspottedthesharkinthewaterandwarnedtheothersurfers.

AsthegrouptriedtopaddleawayfromtheanimalitthenattackedIson,hesaid.

“Heactuallyfoughtofftheshark,we'retold,andhasmadeittotheshorewiththe

helpoftheothersurfers,nhesaid.

IsonwasthentransportedtoLismorehospitalinanambulancedrivenbyapolice

officerasparamedicsfranticallyworkedonhimintheback.

Thebeach,southofBallina,isnotpatrolledinwinterandwouldremainclosed,a

SurfLifeSavingNSWspokeswomansaid.

LocalresidentBartEasdownsaysinthepastweeklocalshavereportedmany

sightingsoffourmetreandfivemetresharksnearBallinaandLennoxHead.Buthe

saysnothingwillstopsurfers."I'mnotquitethatbrave,butthey(localsurfers)are,

andtheyjustlovedoingil,“MrEasdowntoldreporters."Themajorityofpeoplesay

theywillbebackinthewaterandthatthereisalwayssomethinglooming.”

OnSundaybeachesaroundBallinawereclosedaftertwosharkswere

spottedoffthecoast,aSurfLifeSavingNSWspokeswomansaid.Earlierthismontha

bodyboardcrwasmauledbyasharkatBallina'sLighthouseBeach,sufferingserious

injuriestohislowerlegs.InFebruary,alargegreatwhitesharktorethelegsoff41-

yearoldsurfer,TadashiNakaharaa,inafatalattackatneighbouringShellyBeach.On

Sundayamanwaskilledbyasharkwhiledivingforscallopswithhisdaughternear

MariaIsland,offTasmania'seastcoast.

篇章导读：本文是一篇新闻报道。艾森在冲浪时遭到鲨：

:鱼的攻击，手脚严重受伤，他在冲浪者及救护人员的帮助，

:下幸运得救。i

8.Itcanbelearnedfromthetextthat.

A.Isonwassenttothenearesthospitalbysurfers

B.oiliersuifcrshadaneasyescapefioinihcshark

C.theattackhappenedduringsurfingatnoon

D.theshark'sattack,leftIsonseriouslyhurt

答案：D细节理解题。根据第一段第一句可知，艾森遭到鲨鱼攻击后受伤严

重。

9.AccordingtoBartEasdown,weknowthat.

A.therearereportedsightingsofsharks

B.sharksappearinlargenumbersnearBallina

C.localsarebraveenoughtosurfwithsharks

D.therearenotenoughguardsnearBallinaandLennoxHead

答案：A细节理解题。根据倒数第二段首句可知，在过去的一周里，有鲨鱼

出没的报道。

10.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?

A.Whysharksattacked.

B.Examplesofrecentattacks.

C.Whatcausedsharkstoattack.

D.Whendifferentattackshappened.

答案：B段落大意题。最后一段列举了近来鲨鱼攻击人的实例。

11.Whatistheauthor'spurposeofwritingthepassage?

A.Todescribeseriousdivingaccidents.

B.Toremindsurfersofsafetyissues.

C.Toreportasurfer'smisfortune.

D.Tocallpeople'sattentiontosharks.

答案：C推理判断题。本文是一篇新闻报道，文章主要报道了一位冲浪者被

鲨鱼攻击的不幸遭遇。

D

限时7分钟

Lovetosinkintoyourchairsandrelaxwhenyougettoschool?Thenyouwillnot

behappytohearthatschoolsallovertheworldareseriouslyconsideringexchanging

traditionaldesksforoneswithnoseatsatall—Yes,thatmeansyouwillbeencouraged

tostandthroughthosealreadyloolongmathandsciencelessons!Whywouldanyone

eventhinkofputtingkidstosuchcruelty?Expertssayitimprovestheirhealthandhelps

fightobesity.Whilethatmayseemalittlefarfetched（牵强的）theofficialsatthefew

schoolsaroundtheworldseemtoagree.

AmongthemareeducatorsfromtheCollegeStationIndependentSchoolDistrictin

Texas,whorecentlycompletedaweeklongexperimentinvolving480studentsacross

threeelementaryschools.The374kidsthatagreedtoparticipateinthestudywere

providedadevicethathelpedrecordstepcountandcalorieconsumptionovertheentire

period.

All25teachersinvolvedinthestudyreportedthatstudentsappearedtobemore

alertandconcentratebetter,whenallowedtostand.Theonethingthatdidsurprisethe

researcherswasthatyoungerkidsweremorewillingtostaystandingthankidsinhigher

grades.Theybelievethismayhavesomethingtodowiththefactthatafteryearsof

beingaskedto“sitstill"，olderkidshaveahardertimeadjustingtothisunexpected

freedom.

Americanschoolsarenottheonlyonesreportingsuccesswithstandup

desks.FourCatholicschoolsinPerth,Australia,whichhavebeentestingthemsince

October2013,haveseensimilarresults.InMay2014,GroveHousePrimarySchoolin

Bradford,WestYorkshire,becameEurope'sfirsttestone,withasevenweektrialthat

involvedtheuseofdesksmadebyErgotronintheirfifthgradeclassrooms.While

officialresultsarenotoutyet,earlyreactionsfrombothteachersandstudents,have

beenextremelyencouraging.

Thefindingsofthesestudiesandothersdonepreviously,allseemtomeanthat

allowingkidstomovearoundinclassroomsisawinwinforstudentsandteachers—it

helpskidsgethealthierandprovideseducatorswithamoreengagedaudience.

;篇章导读：本文是一篇新闻报道。一种让学生站着上课：

1的新型课桌.既能保持学生健康又能使学生集中注意力

;从而提高课堂改率，很受师生欢迎。:

12.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,whatmaymakethestudentsatschool

unhappyisthat.

A.theyhavetoexchangedeskswitheachother

B.theyhavetoexchangetraditionaldesksforoneswithnoseatsontheirown

C.therearenoseatsforthemtositinclass

D.theofficialsshownosympathytothematall

答案：C细节理解题。由第一段第二句中的“schoolsallovertheworldare

seriouslyconsideringexchangingtraditionaldesksforoneswithnoseatsatall—Yes,

thatmeansyouwillbeencouragedtostandthroughthosealreadytoolongmathand

sciencelessons”可知，教室没有座位，学生们要站着上课，这或许会让学生们感

到不悦。

13.Accordingtotheteachers,olderstudentsmaynotlikestandupdesks

because.

A.theyareclevererthanyoungerstudents

B.theyareeasilytiredofstandinglong

C.theyhaveformedthehabitofsitting

D.theydobadlyinclasswhilestanding

答案：C推理判断题。根据第三段尾句可知，年龄较大的孩子们由于多年习

惯于坐着上课，所以不喜欢这种站着上课的课桌。

14.Whatismostlikelytobetheresultofthesevenweektrial?

A.Thestandingdeskscan'tbeusedatall.

B.Itisgoodforstudentstousestandupdesks.

C.Moretestsshouldbedoneinotherschools.

D.Thestudentsarcdifferentinpersonality.

答案：B推理判断题。根据第一段第四句、第三段首句、第四段首句和最后

一段内容可知，使用这种桌子对学生有好处。

15.Whydotheteacherslikethestandingdesks?

A.Becausetheeducatorscandrawthestudents'attention.

B.Becausetheteacherscankeepthestudentshealthy.

C.Becausethestudentscanhaveawalkintheclassroom.

D.Becausethestandingdeskscankeepthestudentsconcentrated.

答案：D推理判断题。根据第三段首句和最后一段中的“ithelpskidsget

healthierandprovideseducatorswithamoreengagedaudience”可知，老师们喜欢这种

桌子是因为这使学生们上课更专心、注意力更集中。

第2步

,刷高考-刷模拟►

A

限时1（）分钟

（2018•全国卷II）Teensandyoungerchildrenarereadingalotlessforfun,

accordingtoaCommonSenseMediareportpublishedMonday.

Whilethedeclineoverthepastdecadeissteepforteenreaders,somedatainthe

reportshowsthatreadingremainsabigpartofmanychildren'slives,andindicateshow

parentsmighthelpencouragemorereading.

Accordingtothereport'skeyfindings,“theproportion（比例）whosaythey

*hardlyever'readfbrfiinhasgonefrom8percentof13yearoldsand9percentof17-

yearoldsin1984to22percentand27percentrespectivelytoday.”

Thereportdatashowsthatpleasurereadinglevelsforyoungerchildren,ages2-8,

remainlargelythesame.Buttheamountoftimespentinreadingeachsessionhas

declined,fromclosertoanhourormoretoclosertoahalfhourpersession.

Whenitcomestotechnologyandreading,thereportdoeslittletocounsel（建议）

parentslookingfordataabouttheeffectofereadersandtabletsonreading.Itdoes

pointoutthatmanyparentsstilllimitelectronicreading,mainlyduetoconcernsabout

increasedscreentime.

Themosthopefuldatasharedinthereportshowsclearevidenceofparentsserving

asexamplesandimportantguidesfortheirkidswhenitcomestoreading.Datashows

thatkidsandteenswhodoreadfrequently,comparedtoinfrequentreaders,havemore

booksinthehome,morebookspurchasedforthem,parentswhoreadmoreoften,and

parentswhosetasidetimeforthemtoread.

Astheendofschoolapproaches,andschoolvacationreadinglistsloom（逼近）

ahead,parentsmightlakethischancetostepinandmaketheirownsummerreadinglist

andplanafamilytriptothelibraryorbookstore.

篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。据本周一CommonSenseMedia公布的报告显

示，青少年和年幼的孩子们现在很少为了乐趣而读书了。文章从阅读乐趣、阅读

时长、阅读方式和父母对孩子阅读的影响等角度展示了该报告的内容。

1.WhatistheCommonSenseMediareportprobablyabout?

A.Children'sreadinghabits.

B.Qualityofchildren'sbooks.

C.Children'safterclassactivities.

D.Parentchildrelationships.

答案：A主旨大意题。由文章第一段并结合整篇文章对孩子们阅读的乐趣、

阅读时长、阅读方式和父母对孩子阅读的影响等的描述可知，报告主要是关于孩

子们的阅读习惯。故选A。

2.Wherecanyoufindthedatathatbestsupports“childrenarereadingalotlessfbr

fun”？

A.Inparagraph2.B.Inparagraph3.

C.Inparagraph4.D.Inparagraph5.

答案：B细节理解题。根据第三段中的"theproportion（比例）whosaythey

4hardlyever,readforfunhasgonefrom8percentof13yearoldsand9percentof17-

yearoldsin1984to22percentand27percentrespectivelytoday”可知,很少为乐趣而

阅读的青少年的比例有所上升，其中，13岁的少年从1984年的8%上升到现在的

22%,17岁的青年从1984年的9%上升到现在的27%。这些数据正好支持了这一发

现：为乐趣而读书的人越来越少了。故选B。

3.Whydomanyparentslimitelectronicreading?

A.Ebooksareofpoorquality.

B.Itcouldbeawasteoftime.

C.Itmayharmchildren'shealth.

D.Ereadersareexpensive.

答案:C推理判断题。根据倒数第三段最后一句中的“manyparentsslilllimil

electronicreading,mainlyduetoconcernsaboutincreasedscreentime”可知，许多家长

仍然限制电子阅读，主要是由于担心看电子屏幕的时间越来越多，也就是担心会

损害孩子们的健康。故选C。

4.Howshouldparentsencouragetheirchildrentoreadmore?

A.Actasrolemodelsforthem.

B.Askthemtowritebookreports.

C.Setupreadinggroupsforthem.

D.Talkwiththeirreadingclassteachers.

答案：A细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第一句"Themoslhopefuldatasharedin

thereportshowsclearevidenceofparentsservingasexamplesandimportantguidesfor

theirkidswhenitcomes[oreading.“可知，有明显的证据表明，父母为孩子们作榜

样并为孩子们做重要指导能培养孩子的阅读习惯。也即是说，父母可以通过给孩

子们作榜样来鼓励孩子们阅读。故选A。

B

限时10分钟

B篇序号与A篇顺排

㊉（2019•石家庄市重点高中高三毕业班摸底考试）WhenGitanjaliRaoshared

howshelikes“findingsolutionstorealproblems"，itwashardtoimaginethisdynamic

girlcouldsettleaproblemthathadescapedscientistsfbryears.

Injustthreemonths,Raocameupwithadevice（装置）thatcanreplacethecostly

andlengthytestscurrentlyusedtoreliablydetermineleadlevelsinourfresh

water.Inspiredbythecurrentlitigation（诉讼）inFlint,Michigan,acaseofwater

pollutionfrom2014untilpresent,Raodesignedanewtestingsystemthatresultedin

herbeingnamed“America'stopyoungscientist”for2017.

Raohadbeenfollowingthewaterproblemforabouttwoyears.Shewasamazed

bythenumberofpeopleaffectedbyleadpollutioninwaterandwantedtodosomething

tochangethis.Raospentmonthstryingtoconvincelocalhighschoolsandcollegesto

giveherlabtimetocontinueherexperiment.Athome,Raoworkedonherprojectin

the“scienceroom”sheaskedherparentstocreatefbrher.Raohascreatedadevice

thatusesthreeparts:acartridge,aBluetoothreaderandanapp.Toputitsimply,the

cartridgecontainscarbonnanotubes（纳米管）thatreacttolead.Thisreactionisthen

registeredbytheBluetoothreader,whichsendsasignaltoamobileappthatcantellyou

immediatelyifyourwaterissafetodrink.

RaoappropriatelynamedthedeviceTethysandishopingtomakealittle

improvementtogetthedeviceonthemarket.Whilewemaynotbeawareofanylead

pollutionpresentinouragingpipelines,leadpoisoningcancausedelaysinphysicaland

mentaldevelopment.WithRaobelievingthatthe"purposeofscienceistomakea

difference”,herincredibleinventioncouldmakeadifferencetomillionsofpeoplein

theUnitedStates.

摘章导读:本灵亮二篇互丽受「受章王蓼齐绍了二不爱

:孩发明了一款可以检测水中铅水平的装置.从而解决了:

:一个科学家多年来忽视的问题。:

5.WhatdoweknowaboutRao'sdevice?

A.It'scheapandquick.

B.It'scheapandinaccurate.

C.It'sexpensiveandreliable.

D.It'sportableandtimeconsuming.

答案：A推理判断题。根据第二段第一句"Injustthreemonths,Raocameup

withadevice（装置）thatcanreplacethecostlyandlengthytestscurrentlyusedto

reliablydetermineleadlevelsinourfreshwater.n可推知，与以前又贵又费时的设备

相比，Rao所发明的设备既便宜又省时，与第三段最后一句"Thisreactionisthen

registeredbytheBluetoothreader,whichsendsasignaltoamobileappthatcantellyou

immediatelyifyourwaterissafetodrink.”相呼应，故选A。

6.WhatmadeRaohavetheideaofdesigningthedevice?

A.Herparents'suggestions.

B.Herdesireforwinningtheaward.

C.Herinterestinsettlingrealproblems.

D.ThewaterpollutionlitigationinFlint.

答案：D细节理解题。根据第二段第二句"Inspiredbythecurrentlitigation（诉

讼）inFlint.Michigan,acaseofwaterpollutionfrom2014untilpresent.Raodesigned

anewtestingsystemthatresultedinherbeingnamed'America'stopyoungscientist'

for2017.”可知，Rao设计测试水中铅水平的装置的想法是受一个水污染诉讼的启

发，故选D。

7.Whatdothecarbonnanotubesfunctionas?

A.Sendingimmediatesignals.

B.Detectingthepresenceoflead.

C.Recordingthereactionresults.

D.Showingthewaterqualityresults.

答案：B推理判断题。根据第三段倒数第二句"Topulilsimply,ihecartridge

containscarbonnanolubes（纳米管）thatreacttolead.”可推知,这个碳纳米管是可以

对铅起反应的，因此可以检测出水中是否含有铅，故选B。

8.WhatdoestheauthorthinkofRao'sinvention?

A.ItwillleadRaotomakeafortune.

B.ItwillhelpmillionsofAmericansdrinksafewater.

C.ItwillpromotethedevelopmentofscienceinAmerica.

D.Itwillsoonsettletheleadpollutedproblemthoroughly.

答案：B推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句中的“Whilewemaynotbeaware

ofanyleadpollutionpresentinouragingpipelines,leadpoisoningcancausedelaysin

physicalandmentaldevelopment.”"herincredibleinventioncouldmakeadifference

tomillionsofpeopleintheUnitedStates”和对本段的整体理解可推知，作者认为Rao

的发明可以帮助人们快速检测出水中是否含有铅，从而可以大大提高人们饮用水

的安全性，意义重大，故选B。

C

限时8分钟

（2017•天津高考）Thismonth,Germany'stransportminister,AlexanderDobrindt,

proposedthefirstsetofrulesforautonomousvehicles（自主驾驶车辆）.Theywould

definethedriver'sroleinsuchcarsandgovernhowsuchcarsperformincrasheswhere

livesmightbelost.

Theproposalattemptstodealwithwhatsomecallthe“deathvalley”of

autonomousvehicles：thegreyareabetweensemiautonomousandfullydriverlesscars

thatcoulddelaythedriverlessfuture.

Dobrindtwantsthreethings：thatacaralwayschoosesproperty（贝才产）damage

overpersonalinjury;thatitneverdistinguishesbetweenhumansbasedonageorrace;

andthatifahumanremoveshisorherhandsfromthedrivingwheel-tocheckemail,

say—thecar*smakerisresponsibleifthereisacrash.

“Thechangetotheroadtrafficlawwillpermitfullyautomaticdriving,nsays

Dobrindt.Itwillputfullydriverlesscarsonanequallegalfootingtohumandrivers,he

says.

Whoisresponsiblefortheoperationofsuchvehiclesisnotclearamongcar

makers,consumersandlawyers."Theliability（法律责任）issueisthebiggestoneof

themall,nsaysNatashaMeratattheUniversityofLeeds,UK.

AnassumptionbehindUKinsurancefordriverlesscars,introducedearlierthisyear,

insiststhatahuman“bewatchfulandmonitoringtheroad"ateverymoment.

Butthatisnotwhatmanypeoplehaveinmindwhenthinkingofdriverless

cars."Whenyousay'driverlesscars’,peopleexpectdriverlesscars,nMerat

says."Youknow-nodriver.”

Becauseoftheconfusion,Meratthinkssomecarmakerswillwaituntilvehicles

canbefullyautomatedwithouthumanoperation.

Driverlesscarsmayendupbeingaformofpublictransportratherthanvehicles

youown,saysRyanCaloatStanfordUniversity,California.Thatishappeninginthe

UKandSingapore,wheregovernmentprovideddriverlessvehiclesarebeinglaunched.

ThatwouldgodownpoorlyintheUS,however."Theideathatthegovernment

wouldtakeoverdriverlesscarsandtreatthemasapublicgoodwouldgetabsolutely

nowherehere,“saysCalo.

满章导读:本文亮二篇新而就造:…支举主委齐绍了崔闻

;交通部部长提议改变有关自主驾驶车辆的法律以及这些:

;改变带来的影响和无人驾驶车辆的发展趋势。；

9.Whatdocsthephrase"deathvallcy,,inParagraph2referto?

A.Aplacewherecarsoftenbreakdown.

B.Acasewherepassingalawisimpossible.

C.Anareawherenodrivingispermitted.

D.Asituationwheredrivers'roleisnotclear.

答案：D词义猜测题。根据第二段中的"thegreyareabetweensemiautonomous

andfullydriverlesscarsthatcoulddelaythedriverlessfuturen可知，deathvalley指的

就是半自主驾驶和完全无人驾驶汽车之间的灰色地带，即：对司机角色的定义不

清楚。故选D。

10.TheproposalputforwardbyDobrindtaimsto.

A.stoppeoplefrombreakingtrafficrules

B.helppromotefullyautomaticdriving

C.protectdriversofallagesandraces

D.preventseriouspropertydamage

答案：B推理判断题。第一段说Dobrin出提出第一套自主驾驶车辆的规章，

将会定义自主驾驶车辆司机的角色，这个提议就是处理deathvalley这个问题的；

第四段说交规的改变会准许全自动驾驶，而且会将完全无人驾驶汽车和有人驾驶

汽车放到一个平等的法律地位上，由此推断，Dobrindt提出此建议的目的就是推广

全自动驾驶。故选B。

11.Whatdoconsumersthinkoftheoperationofdriverlesscars?

A.Itshouldgettheattentionofinsurancecompanies.

B.Itshouldbethemainconcernoflawmakers.

C.Itshouldnotcausedeadlytrafficaccidents.

D.Itshouldinvolvenohumanresponsibility.

答案：D细节理解题。根据第七段最后两句"Whenyousay'driverlesscars',

peopleexpectdriverlesscars,“Meratsays.“Youknow-nodriver.”可知，人们认

为的无人驾驶汽车，就是没有司机的汽车，人不参与其中当然也不该涉及人的责

任问题。故选D。

12.Driverlessvehiclesinpublictransportseenobrightfuturein.

A.SingaporeB.theUK

C.theUSD.Germany

答案：C细节理解题。根据最后一段首句“ThatwouldgodownpoorlyintheUS,

however.”可